Factors Affecting Rate Of Solutions
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How does temperature, particle size, and agitation affect how quickly something dissolves?
Lets think about our lab… • We made a sugar water solution. • Sugar was the solute • Water was the solvent
Lets think some more about our lab • The 200 ml of water in the beaker is composed of many individual water molecules • Each crystal of sugar is composed of billions of individual sugar molecules that are attracted to one another • The individual sugar crystals are not chemically bonded to each other.
What does it mean if something dissolves? • The dissolving process involves the sugar molecules being pulled away from each other. • When the sugar molecules are pulled apart (dissolved) they remain as sugar molecules and do not break down into the elements that make up sugar (C, H, O)
What factors affect the rate of solution? • Remember: The rate of solution is how quickly something dissolves. • The three factors that affect the rate of solution are: • Agitation (Which means movement or stirring) • Particle size • Temperature
Agitation • The more a solution is agitated (meaning stirred), the faster the rate of solution • When a solution is agitated the water particles hit the surface of the solute (sugar) faster and the sugar crystals are dissolved (separated by water) faster
Particle Size • The smaller the size of the particles, the faster they will dissolve. • Smaller particles have more surface area than larger ones • This means that the particles have more space to contact the water and dissolve
Demonstration • Surface Area
Temperature • The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of dissolving is for a solid in a liquid. • Higher temperatures cause water molecules to move faster. • This means that water molecules collide with the surface of the solute (sugar) and separate the sugar crystals from one another.
Review Solubility is: • • • • •
A chemical property A physical property A property of fluids Is the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent. B, C, and D
Review • Solubility is a physical property because there is no change is the chemical formula in the substance that is being dissolved. • What you end up with dissolved is chemically the same as what you started out with before the substance was dissolved
Lets think about our lab… • We made a sugar water solution. • Sugar was the solute • Water was the solvent
Lets think some more about our lab • The 200 ml of water in the beaker is composed of many individual water molecules • Each crystal of sugar is composed of billions of individual sugar molecules that are attracted to one another • The individual sugar crystals are not chemically bonded to each other.
What does it mean if something dissolves? • The dissolving process involves the sugar molecules being pulled away from each other. • When the sugar molecules are pulled apart (dissolved) they remain as sugar molecules and do not break down into the elements that make up sugar (C, H, O)
What factors affect the rate of solution? • Remember: The rate of solution is how quickly something dissolves. • The three factors that affect the rate of solution are: • Agitation (Which means movement or stirring) • Particle size • Temperature
Agitation • The more a solution is agitated (meaning stirred), the faster the rate of solution • When a solution is agitated the water particles hit the surface of the solute (sugar) faster and the sugar crystals are dissolved (separated by water) faster
Particle Size • The smaller the size of the particles, the faster they will dissolve. • Smaller particles have more surface area than larger ones • This means that the particles have more space to contact the water and dissolve
Demonstration • Surface Area
Temperature • The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of dissolving is for a solid in a liquid. • Higher temperatures cause water molecules to move faster. • This means that water molecules collide with the surface of the solute (sugar) and separate the sugar crystals from one another.
Review Solubility is: • • • • •
A chemical property A physical property A property of fluids Is the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent. B, C, and D
Review • Solubility is a physical property because there is no change is the chemical formula in the substance that is being dissolved. • What you end up with dissolved is chemically the same as what you started out with before the substance was dissolved
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