Engineering Orientation

ENGINEERING ORIENTATION AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING by Engr. Carlito Gutierrez

What is Engineering? What Do Engineers Do?  Engineers vs Scientists “The scientist seeks to understand what is. The Engineer seeks to CREATE what never was.”-Theodore von Karman  Engineers apply physical and chemical laws and principles and mathematics to design millions of products and services that we use in our everyday lives.

Common Traits of Good Engineers ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

Engineers are problem solvers. Good engineers have a firm grasp of the fundamental principles of engineering. Good engineers are analytical, detailed-oriented, and creative. Good engineers have a desire to be life-long learners. Good engineers, regardless of their area of specialization, have a core knowledge that can be applied to many areas. Good engineers have written and oral communication skills that equip them to work well with their colleagues and to convey their expertise to a wide range of clients. Good engineers have time-management skills that enable them to work productively and efficiently. Good engineers have “people skills” that allow them to interact and communicate with various people in their organization. Engineers are adept at using computers in many different ways to model and analyze various technical problems. Good engineers actively participate in local and national discipline specific organizations by attending seminars, workshops and meetings. Engineers generally work in a team environment where they consult each other to solve complex problems.

Specific Engineering Disciplines  Civil Engineering 1. Oldest branch of engineering profession 2. The term ‘civil’ was used to distinguish this field from military engineers 3. Involves application of the laws, forces and materials of nature to the design, construction, operation and maintenance of facilities that serve our needs in an efficient, economical manner. 4. Civil engineers works outdoors at least some of the time, more than any other specialists 5. Structural Engineers • Design bridges, buildings, dams, tunnels and supporting structures 6. Transportation Engineers • Design, construct, operate and maintain facilities tat move people and goods throughout the world, whether by land, sea or air. 7. Environmental Engineers • Maintains a healthful environment by proper treatment and distribution of drinking water, treatment of wastewater and control of all forms of pollution

8. Geotechnical Engineers • Carefully studies the soil, rock and groundwater conditions before any structure can be erected to ensure stability of pavements and structures • Plans cement and asphaltic concrete mixes for all types of construction 9. Surveying Engineers • Develop maps for any type of engineering project. If a road is to be built on a mountain range, surveying engineers will determine the exact route and develop a topographical survey, which is then used by the transportation engineer to lay out the roadway 10. Construction Engineers • Often works outside at the actual construction site • Involved with the initial estimating of construction costs for surveying, excavation and construction. • Supervises the construction, start-up, and initial operation of the facility until the client is ready to assume operational responsibility

 Chemical Engineering 1. Deals with the chemical and physical principles that allow us to maintain a sustainable development. 2. Creates, design, and operate processes that produce useful materials, including fuels, plastics, structural materials, food products, fibers and fertilizers 3. As our natural resources become scarce, chemical engineers are finding ways to extend them or creating substitutes. 4. Have a strong background in basic and advanced chemistry (organic, inorganic, physical, analytical, materials and biochemistry) 5. Research Engineers • Develops new products and materials that benefit humankind and the environment 6. Unit Operations/Process Engineers • Determines the feasibility of carrying on a process on a large scale in a pilot plant through the identification of unit operation processes necessary to produce the desired product.

 Mechanical Engineering 1. Involved with all forms of energy generation, distribution, utilization and conversion 2. Design and development of machines, control of automated systems, manufacturing and processing of materials and creative solutions to environmental problems 3. Research, manufacturing, operations, testing, marketing, administration and teaching

 Electrical Engineering 1. Design, develop, test and supervise the manufacture of electrical equipment, such as Power Transformers, Generators, and industrial motors 2. Designs power, lighting, alarm and safety system requirements and wiring thereof of buildings, cars, buses, trains, ships and aircrafts. 3. Major branches are Power Generation, Power Transmission, Power Distribution and Controls.

 Electronics and Communications Engineering 1. Design, develop, test and supervise the production of electronic equipment, including computer hardware, network hardware, communication devices such

as cellular phones, television, audio and video equipment, as well as measuring instruments. 2. Development of solid-state circuits (functional electronic circuits manufactured as one part rather than wired together).

 Industrial Engineering 1. Primary Objective: to improve the competitiveness and vitality of industry, government and nonprofit institutions through the application of theory to human endeavors. 2. Areas of Specialization • Manufacturing  Understand the fundamentals of modern and economic manufacturing  Use product specification as the keystone to part interchangeability  Verify a product’s conformance to specifications  Design logical manufacturing layouts • Human Factors  Analyze and design both the job and worksite in a cost-effective manner using time studies  Design, implement and evaluate human-computer interfaces according to outlined principles •

Management and Information Systems  Apply time value of money to make financial decisions  Use probability concepts to solve engineering problems  Estimate parameters, conduct tests of hypotheses and create regression models  Apply statistical quality control methods  Optimize and solve mathematical models of real problems using available techniques

Preparing for an Engineering Career A. Making the Transition from High School to College ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

Accept that this is a BIG step The next five years will affect you for the rest of your life. In HIGH SCHOOL, most of the learning took place INSIDE the class In COLLEGE, most of your education takes place OUTSIDE the class Get rid of OLD HABITS, develop some NEW HABITS YOU take the responsibility for Learning, nobody can make you learn.

B. Budgeting Your Time ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

Purpose: to learn how to manage your time wisely if you want to be successful in life Each has 24 hours in a day, 7 days in a week Allocate time for sleep, family and friends, studying, relaxation and recreation, work if applicable Good Rule of Thumb in Studying: spend at least 2 to 3 hours for each hour of class time Flexibility can be adopted – no one wants to follow a schedule to the second!

C. Daily Studying and Preparation ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

Start studying and preparing from the very first day in class! Attend Classes Regularly Get Help Right Away Take Good Notes Select a Good Study Place Form Study Groups Prepare for Examinations

D. Getting Involved with an Engineering Organization ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

Networking Participation in plant tours Listening to technical guest speakers Participation in design competitions Attending social events Short courses, seminars and conferences Student loans and scholarships

E. Other Considerations ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥

Doing volunteer work Get to know your classmates Get to know an upper-division engineering student Vote in Local and National Election

Introduction to Engineering Design ☺ ☺ ☺ ☺ ☺

Step 1: Recognize the need for a product or service Step 2: Defining and understanding the problem completely Step 3: Doing the preliminary research and preparation Step 4: Conceptualizing ideas for possible solutions Step 5: Synthesizing the results

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Step 6: Evaluating the good ideas in more detail Step 7: Optimizing the results to arrive at the best possible solution Step 8: Presenting the Solution