Endothermic Exothermic Lab Completed Bp

Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions Portfolio Directions Unit 3 Lesson 5 Materials:  Baking Soda  Vinegar  Goggles  Gloves  Thermometer  Measuring Beakers  Epsom Salt  Water

Introduction: What Chemical Compounds when mixed together will create an exothermic or endothermic reaction? I will be performing two separate experiments to see which compounds when mixed will create exothermic and endothermic reactions. My first experiment I will used Baking Soda and Vinegar. For my second experiment I will use Epsom salt and tap water.

Hypothesis: For my first hypothesis (baking soda/water experiment) I predict that the mixture will bubble and foam but create and endothermic reaction which will absorb the heat and take in energy instead of releasing it therefore decreasing the starting temperature. My second hypothesis is with the Epsom salt/ water experiment I believe this reaction will be an exothermic reaction which will cause the temperature to rise because the energy takes more time to react. Procedure: List the steps of your experiment. This is your recipe so give enough details so the reader can repeat the experiment and get similar results. Also include safety procedures. Baking soda/water experiment steps: 1.gather all necessary ingredients. 2. put on safety goggles and gloves to handle the mixtures. 3. measure ¼ cup of baking soda in a beaker 4.measure 10 oz of vinegar in a beaker 5.record starting temperature with the thermometer and place in glass measuring container 6. Mix ingredients 7. start the 1-minute timer 8. make observations 7. make observations

9. Record temperature after the timer has stopped

Epsom salt/water experiment: 1. gather all necessary ingredients. 2. put on safety goggles and gloves to handle the mixtures 3. measure ¼ cup of Epsom salt in a beaker 4. measure 10 oz of water in a beaker 5. record starting temperature with the thermometer and place in glass measuring container 6. mix ingredients together 7. start the 1-minute timer 8. make observations 9. Record temperature after the timer has stopped Data:

Reaction

Observations before reaction

Observations during reaction

Observations after reaction

Baking Soda + Vinegar

Baking soda has a flour type feel and vinegar has a sour smell. Both ingredients were at room temperature. Thermometer was recorded to be 78 degrees F at the start of this experiment

The mixture created a foaming bubbly reaction and the temperature dropped

I noticed that the thermometer seemed to have a cooling feel to it and the temperature dropped to 67 degrees F

Epsom salt + water

Epsom salt was grainy but bigger grains then that of table salt water was clear both ingredients were a room temperature of 78 degrees F

This mixture bonded the salt together and stayed at the bottom of the container. The water did not change except for the temperature increased

The salt became more like one solid piece and the water did not change. The mixture together caused the temperature to rise slightly to 82 degrees F

Conclusion:

1. My hypothesis was correct on both experiments. I predicted the baking soda/vinegar to be endothermic which means a decrease in temperature from 78 degrees F to 67 degrees F, because the energy was being absorb by the mixture. The Epsom salt/water experiment increased in temperature 78 degrees F to 82 degrees F, because of the activation energy of reaction and gives off heat when the mixtures are combined. This would be called exothermic 2. Endothermic the energy is absorbed and exothermic the energy is being released 3. Exothermic releases more energy than endothermic. Endothermic absorbs the energy 4. Activation energy is the energy that is required to begin a chemical reaction when combining mixtures.