Embedded System

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Where are they?  Driven a car or landed safely in airplane ?  The same goes for PDA,benifiting from complex medical equipment, or consuming electricity from our local power company.  Embedded Systems are everywhere.

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From the beginning…  The Microprocessor application are classified in 2 categories: 1> Reprogrammable Systems 2> Embedded Systems.  Reprogrammable System include general-purpose Microprocessor

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From the beginning…  In Embedded systems, the Microprocessor is a part of a final product.  Typical Example…

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What is Embedded Sys.?  An embedded system is some combination of computer hardware and software  Either fixed in capability or programmable  Specifically designed for a particular kind of application device.

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The fact about it…  Experts do seem to agree on:  “An embedded system is any software system that must be designed on a platform different from the platform on which the system is intended to be deployed.”  What is meant by platform?

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Embedded System Performance  What do we mean by performance?  A maximally acceptable process time is rigidly observed  Need not be super fast  How about simplicity?

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Embedded System Performance  What’s the objective of Embedded System? - Smallest amount of code. - Highest level of predictability.  How could this possible?

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Review Of Embedded Sys.!  Must be developed in a cross-development environment  Implement functions that provide an element of control in an asynchronous world.  Use the smallest amount of code to achieve the greatest necessary speed and degree of predictability possible.

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Target Platforms  For the simplest target platforms -- platforms that are inexpensive and consume minimal power  Functions are typically written in C and then "burned" into some Read Only Memory on an 8-bit or 16-bit microprocessor.

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Target Platforms  As the need for features increases it becomes more important to have some sort of decision making mechanism be part of the embedded system.  Real-Time Operating System (RTOS).

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Target Platforms  An RTOS runs your PDA.  But why real-time system?  In the embedded industry, "real-time" is used to refer to a system that must compute a result, based on certain inputs, in less than a maximally acceptable time -- i.e., it must respond in real time.

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Examples of Embedded System 

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Home automation uses wired- and wirelessnetworking -lights, climate, security, audio/visual,etc Automobiles, electric vehicles. and hybrid vehicles Other automotive safety systems such as antilock braking system , Electronic Stability Control, and automatic four-wheel drive.

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Summary  Embedded systems are everywhere  Key challenge: optimization of design metrics Design metrics compete with one another  A unified view of hardware and software is necessary to improve productivity

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