E-governance In Bangladesh

E-GOVERNANCE

SUBMITTED TO Md. Samsuzzaman Lecturer Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering SUBMITTED BY Abu Zafour Roll No. 021; Reg. No. 00680 Level-IV, Semester-I Faculty of Business Administration and Management Date of Submission: May 27, 2009 PATUAKHALI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

WHAT IS E-GOVERNANCE It is the use of a range of modern information and communication technologies such as internet, local area networks, mobiles etc by Governments to improve effectiveness, efficiency, service delivery and to promote democracy.

07/13/09

E-Governance

1

WHAT IS E-GOVERNANCE E-governance is defined as the application of electronic means in— 

The interaction between government and citizens and government and businesses, as well as in internal government operations to simplify and improve democratic, government and business  The term interaction stands for the aspects of Governance. delivery of government products and services, exchange of information, communication, transactions and system integration.

07/13/09

E-Governance

2

E-Democracy and E-Government E-Democracy It refers to the processes and structures that encompass all forms of electronic interaction between the Government (elected) and the citizen (electorate). E-Government It is a form of e-business in governance and refers to the processes and structures needed to deliver electronic services to the public (citizens and businesses), collaborate with business partners and to conduct electronic transactions within an 07/13/09 E-Governance 3 organisational entity.

Objectives of E-Governance The strategic objective of e-governance is to support and simplify governance for all parties - government, citizens and businesses. E-governance uses electronic means to support and stimulate good governance. Therefore the objectives of e-governance are similar to the objectives of good governance. Good governance can be seen as an exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to better manage affairs of a country at all levels, national and local. 07/13/09

E-Governance

4

Objectives of E-Governance The use of ICTs can connect all three parties and support processes and activities. It provides a common framework and direction in the implementation of Government Policies for the following: Across the public sector organizations and institutions (G2G) Between Government and the Business Community (G2B) Between Government and Citizens (G2C) 07/13/09

E-Governance

5

Overall Goal of E-Governance  To make the Government more oriented, efficient and citizen centered

result

 E-Governance enables citizens and outside world to access Government Services and Information as efficiently as possible through the use of internet and other channels like mobile phones. Example Madagascar Embassy in Washington D.C.! 07/13/09

E-Governance

6

Main Components of E-Governance Government to Government Communication (G2G)

Government to Business Communication (G2B) Government to Citizens Communication (G2C)

07/13/09

E-Governance

7

Basic Requirements for E-Governance Components  High and affordable Information and Internet infrastructure within Government Ministries, private sector and citizens  Extensive ICT Human Capacity development in Government, Private sectors and citizens  Legal Framework that recognizes supports digital communication

07/13/09

E-Governance

and

8

E-Governance Model G2G Central Government

Business Citizen

G2 C

G2G

G2 B

NGOs Civil Society

Local Government G2G

07/13/09

E-Governance

9

E-Governance Maturity Model Early 90’s Information Mid 90’s Interaction



Present Transaction





Future Transformation 

07/13/09

E-Governance

Presence

Intake process Complete transaction Integration and organizational changes

10

Success Factors of E-Governance In developing countries a lot of inhibitors exist. It is difficult to tell what is the main block, because a lot of basic aspects of Good Governance are not in place yet. What the risk of implementing e-governance solutions can be in a certain phase and in the context of possible success (and fail) factors that are mentioned below.

07/13/09

E-Governance

11

Success Factors of E-Governance E-Governance phase 

High risk



Comfort zone

 Conservative  Context Inhibiting

Favouring

Figure: Assessing risks e-governance

07/13/09

E-Governance

12

Success Factors of E-Governance The following aspects have to be taken into account when examining the risk of implementing e-governance solutions Political stability (elections, democracy) Level of trust in Government (perception of service levels) The importance of Government identity (fragmentation or integration) Economic structure (education, agriculture, industry or service) Government structure (centralised or decentralised) Different levels of maturity Constituent demand (push or pull) 07/13/09

E-Governance

13

E-Governance in Bangladesh Honorable Prime Minister herself has put great emphasis on identifying challenges in the implementation of nation-wide E-Governance and on initiating pilot projects in various sectors of the government through a project called the Support to ITC Task Force (SICT). Ministry of Finance has customized software for budget planning, sensitivity analysis, impact analysis, financial projections and various reports.

07/13/09

E-Governance

14

E-Governance in Bangladesh National Board of Revenue is computerizing the revenue budget procedure. Both Dhaka and Chittagong Stock Exchange are highly computerized and networked, allowing citizens to trade with much more ease than before. Ministry of Science and ICT creating web-sites containing information about various ministries. Ministry of Communication provides online searchable database of contractor’s tenders and created a Project Monitoring System for tracking progress of the projects.

07/13/09

E-Governance

15

Challenges of E-Governance  Limited time to plan  Lengthy process for Legal Framework to support E-Governance  Insufficient telecom infrastructure to support EGovernance  Unaffordable Internet services for private sector & citizens  Limited ICT human capacity to support EGovernance 07/13/09

E-Governance

16

Challenges of E-Governance FUNDING IS A MAIN CHALLENGE: E-Governance is very capital intensive and no donor or consortium of donors can fully fund EGovernance Program  Private sector is a major beneficiary of EGovernance through increased access procurements and e-services. Can play a major funding role to subsidize E-Governance products 07/13/09

E-Governance

17

Suggested Approaches PLANNING Whenever possible, plan for all three components of e-governance, with as much detail as possible, including cost and ICT human capacity development projections Do not forget to plan for change management across the board!

07/13/09

E-Governance

18

Suggested Approaches Build consensus with as many players as possible and get champions in all sectors, especially the private sector. They have the funds and influence to support E-Governance Pay close attention to Office of the President, Ministries of Telecom, Interior, Education, Justice, Regulator and private sector for holistic approach 07/13/09

E-Governance

19

Status of Other Countries No country in the world has achieved e-governance, not even the U.S.! Every country is unique and needs to move within its unique environment Most countries agree E-Governance is a continuous process that requires continuous planning before visible results E-Governance stimulates E-COMMERCE

07/13/09

E-Governance

20

Just in Time

THANKS

Your subtitle Goes Here