A DICTIONARY OF ISLAMIC TERMS English - Arabic
and Arabic - English
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ali Alkhuli
INTRODUCTION I felt the need for a dictionary of Islamic terms while I was writing some English books on Islam to introduce the Islamic religion to non-Muslims. I also found that many Arab writers of such English books have the same feeling about the need for such a dictionary because ~slanlicterms are available in Arabic, to begin with. Therefore, I developed the intention to compile a bilingual Arabic-English dictionary and an English-Arabic dictionary on Islamic terms. The result of this intention has been this dictionary. This dictionary contains the terms related to the Holy Quran, the Sunna, worship, transactions, manners, penal laws, the permitted, the prohibited, marriage, divorce, waiting period, inheritance, jurisprudence, pillars of Islam, God's names, Prophets' names, names of the Quranic chapters, many terms that may come under the umbrella of "Islamic terms9', and terms needed in comparative religious studies. To facilitate using this dictionary, I would like to mention the following: 1. In Arabic entries, the verb appears in the past form. 2. In English entries, the verb appears in the infinitive form.
3 . In Arabic entries, the definitive a1 is omitted whenever necessary. It only appears when it is an inseparable part of the noun. 4. Arabic words are almost completely vocalized in both dictionaries to make it easier for the reader and more accurate for the researcher. 5. In cases of English multiple synonyms of an Arabic entry or cases of Arabic multiple synonyms of an English entry, priority has been given to the most frequent and most suitable synonym.
6. No explanation of terms has been given in this dictionary o n the assumption that the user must know what the term refers to and that the sole objective of this dictionary i s , t o give the synonym in the other language. 7. Minimal explanation of some terms has been given in cases of semantic ambiguity or semantic multiplicity.
8. If an entry has several synonymous words, these words appear unnumbered one under the other. 9. If an entry has several unsynonymous equivalents, they appear one under the other with a serial number before each.
10. If a word,of an Arabic origin appears in English orthography, it is written in italics.
I do ask God, the Most High, the Most Able, t o guide us to the aight way. Amen. Dr. Muhammad Ali Abdul Marim Alkhuli
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judgment in particular cases
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grandparents
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blood relatives
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mischief
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morals
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brethren in faith
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lords
brotherhood
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apostasy
fraternity
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myths of the ancients old-world fables the Tribes
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grant life the living
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first call to prayer
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backbite
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punishment .$$I
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perform ablution
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ask for water
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seclusion at mosque
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perform umra
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prayer commencement
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ransom invent a lie
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isolated pilgrimage propagate greetings
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death
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ascendants
declaration of marriage
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publicity of marriage
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forge it
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mountains
invent a falsehood against
propagation of
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desertion
presumption of
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the Left Hand the Right Hand the Companions of the J & ~ ~ G & i
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food L
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greatest sins
kinship
more quarrelsome
(2) give up fasting
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liar (n.)
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ordain
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honoring the guest
slander
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God
compulsion
obvious lie
deity
coercion
invented falsehood
enjoining what is right dJ94>i
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the Most Bountiful
male relations
advocating good
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the most honored of you
enjoining good actions
cause death
considering one as a
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barren woman indiscreet woman
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(1) married woman
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divorced woman * -4.
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thrice-divorced
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enjoin the right
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movable properties
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foster-mother
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grant death
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disbeliever
in-laws implement the penalty the second call
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deaden
the eating of locusts
prayer leader
bitter fruits
leader
devouring usury
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the awaited leader
eating out of necessity
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a guide and a mercy
born-blind
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confession
leadership
veils
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dual ritual
prayer leadership
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trusts
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(1) honesty
atheism
(2) trust
most quarrelsome
lady slave
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reduced call the Copts
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paternity
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id!
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pilgrimage- umra corn bination + S J \
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kindred
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mandatory
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confess
she-slave
abusive language
iGf uncircumcised person
female slave
god deity
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send greetings to
~woman & slave
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religious minority give satisfaction
i;j; ;ij+l
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cattle &ii$! ~~
sinners
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the Lord of Forgiveness i$l , -
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assuming ihram
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assume ihram
bestow Grace on
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commandments
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perform one rak'a perform one prayer unit
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conducting marriage
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the Lord of the
will
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bequeath bequeath in favor of
1&j!
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fulfill one's covenant
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fulfill His covenant
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fulfill one's vow
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give just measure
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give just measure
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give just weight pregnant women
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merge (vt.1 merge night into ,@I
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people of Par-adise enemy at war the covenanted
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people of opinion wicked people
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the People of the Book +E$!
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the People of the Scripture the People of the Two Scriptures
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expiry of idda *
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the Book of Jesus the Gospel of Luke
tij&J
foster-mother
equals
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equals to God
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make a vow
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righteous man
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if God wills ,&I
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chest erected posts the Supporters
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emit semen
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the dead
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the Umayyads
the Commander of the &,$I Faithful the Leader of the Faithful repent
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repentence remorse
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suicide dissemination of
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stories of the Unseen
the Helpers Supporter
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discharge semen
maternity
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the Gospel of John
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say amen
orphans' wealth
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the Mother of believers
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expansion of the
people under protection
a%d'ii
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immorality
People of the House
inspire
lead the prayer the Mother of Cities
the Gospel of Mark
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idolators the Memebers of the
reveal
retribution
the Gospel
the liars
injunctions
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powers
vain desires
revenge
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war spoils separation of
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bestow upon
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desires
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disperse through the land
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belief in the Unknown
4 4 &I
day
belief in angels
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brief expression of f a i t h s 5L&! the Knower of the Hidden
21 :&I
the Resurrecter
marriage
Messengers
21:&I &W,al &Uql -,
deeds major (n., adj.)
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the Evolver
full-grown (adj.) 0
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Days of Ignorance
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the First
appointed days
21:$?p 8 21:&Jl
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the Maker
give the oath of allegiance
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allegiance for
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honey drink
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fondle her
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void (adj.)
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wrongfully
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former peoples
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paying zakat offer
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vow of continence oath of desertion
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faith belief in God
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tender-hearted
fixed number of days
b
s'i?j\
protectors
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give the pledge of allegiance
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possessors of
days of tashreeq
(2) ex-married woman
the Soul-Creator
honey wine
sheltering criminals
the Inventor
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men of understanding
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determination
faith
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be divorced
miserliness
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judgment the Originator
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blood-relatives
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the door of the exercise of
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slit-ear she-camel
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interpretation
pass urine
give the pledge of
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the gate of
the Forever Endurer enduring good
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under compulsion
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the Despatcher of
detailed expression of
severe poverty
ljjy j,;
of physical needs
faith in the Unseen
5L&! $+541
J& urination speech
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after Hijra
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the House
a, :a\ Bakka
the Sacred House
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virgin (n.)
the Ancient House
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trial
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the treasury the Muslims' treasury
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obvious trial g
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come of age
helmet
proclaim the Message *,
churches
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sale
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sale of pre-mature
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vegetables auction sale touch sale imaginary sale pledge of allegiance between the navel &?Jlj
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puberty
ex
marriage
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two-year she-camel
trade choice sale
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reach full age
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headcloak
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glad tidings
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into good
good news
a Badr warrior
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glad tidings
innovation
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good news
innovated practice
3
bringer of glad tidings
the All-Seeing
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courtiers of the ruler
rLYl :& '
cool and safe
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exult the Mighty Onslaught
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the children of Adam
fay
Adam's children
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expiration of ablution
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resurrection after
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death
mission of
false accusation
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the Benign
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the Beneficent
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righteousness dutifulness to parents
post -nup~ial
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acquit (vt .)
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the intervening stage
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the blessings of Allah
1
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barrier
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blessings
Muhammad (PBUM)
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invoke God to bless him *
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slander
24
5,
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resurrect (vt.) raise up
dpy &!
invented heresy sacrificed camel
glad-tidings bearer
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a great lie
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change their evil y G
the children of Israel
falsehood
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!&JI&
voidness of the contract d
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beginning of creation origination of creation
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unripe dates enlarge provision
originate creation
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cooperative bank
cemented structure
to>
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miser (n.)
g ,
the Clear Message h l@JI &*I the Clear Proclamation
stainlessly white
and the knees
y k
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Jerusalem white without stain
&
3Ul
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blessing grace
without measure
style elegance
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seller and buyer
The onus of proof Clear Sign
a
just evidence
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kj
Clear Signs
&
clear evidence
& ~ t
proof be blessed Glory to Allah hate one another celibacy
a dazzling display wanton display of beauty extravagance Proclamation of th Message
symbolic interpetation become a widow
adopt adoption urination alcohol trade discrediting
(6~
espionage SPY on mutual jealousy envy one another under coercion
the Successors of the
A!?$! u
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teachings
the teachings of Islam @ , LrY I l I;JG -, Quranic teachings d~$l
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hastening
d
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polytheism
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polygamy attestation
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discretionary punishment
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fanaticism
a:
suspension of divorce
,
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