Diagnostic Test For Endocrine Part 1

Diagnostic test::::: RADIOACTIVE IODINE UPTAKE (RAIU) 1. A thyroid function test time that measures the absorption of the iodine isotope to determine how the thyroid glands is functioning. 2. administration of 1123 or 1131 orally followed in 24hrs by a scan of the thyroid for the amount of radioactivity omitted 3. Normal value is 5-35% in 24 hrs 4. Elevated values indicate hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, decrease iodine intake or increased iodine excretion. 5. Decreased values indicates Hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, low T4,use of antithyroid meds. *Thyroid Medication Must be discountinued 7-10 days prior to test. *No radiation precautions necessary. T3 & T4 RESIN UPTAKE TEST 1. Blood test for diagnosis of thyroid disorders. 2. T3 & T4 regulate thyroid- stimulating hormone 3. Normal value of T3:80-230 ng/dL T4: 5-12 ng/dL 4. Both value increase in hyperthyroidism & decrease in hypo-throidism THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH ) 1.Blood test used to differentiate the diagnosis of primary 2.Hypothyroidism from secondary hypothyroidism. 3.Normal Values is 0.2 to 5.4 IU/ml 4.Elevated in primary hypothyroidism & decreased in hyper 5.thyroidism or secondary Hypothyroidism THYROID SCAN 1. Performed to identify nodules or growth in the thyroid gland. 2. A radio isotope of iodine or technetium is administered prior to the scanning of the thyroid gland.. 3. Level of radioisotope is not dangerous iodine 14 days prior to test and discontinue thyroid meds 4-6 weeks prior to test. 4. Discontinue medication containing iodine 14 days prior to test and discontinue thyroid meds 4-6 weeks prior to test 5.NPO post MN; if iodine is used client will fast an additional 45 minutes after ingestion of radioactive isotope & scan is done after 24 hours. NEEDLE ASPIRATION OF THYROID TISSUE(Thyroid Biopsy) 1.Aspiration of thyroid tissue for cytological exam 2.No Preparation needed. 3.Ligth pressure applied to aspiration site after the procedure

Eight- hour intravenous ACTH Test 1. administration of 25 units of ACTH in 500 ml of saline over an 8-hrs period. 2. Used to determine function of adrenal cortex 3. 24hrs urine specimens are collected. Before & after administration, for Measurement of 17-ketosteroids And 17-hydrocorticosteroids. *In Addison’s dieses, urinary output of steroids does not increase Following administration of ACTH: normally steroid excretion increase Threefold to fivefold ff. ACTH administration. *In cushing’s syndrome, Hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex increases the Urine output of steroids in the second urine specimen tenfold. GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST(GTT) 1.Aids in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus 2.If the glucose level peaks at higher than normal at 1 to 2 hours after injection or Ingestion of glucose, and are slower than normal to return to normal levels, DM is diagnosed +Cat a high-carbohydrate (200 to 300 g) diet for 3 Days before the test +avoid alcohol, coffee & smoking 36 hours Before testing +fast midnight before test +Fasting blood glucose & urine glucose Specimens obtained. +avoid strenuous exercise 8 hours before & after test. +client ingests 100g glucose, blood sugar drawn at 30 & 60 min then Hourly for 3-5 hrs.; urine specimens may also be collected.. Glycosylated hemoglohin- is blood glucose bound to Hemoglobin 1. Is a reflection of how well blood glucose levels have Been controlled for up to the prior 4 months. 2. Hyperglycemia in client with DM causes increase In glycosylated hemoglobin 3. Fasting is not needed Value: Diabetics with good control: 7.5% or less Diabetics with fair control: 7.6% to 8.9% Diabetics with poor control: 9% or greater.