Diagnostic Laparoscopy

DIAGNOSTIC LAPAROSCOPY REASON FOR VISIT •Abdominal pain •Pelvic inflammatory disease •Tumors of the ovaries •Abdominal trauma •Metastatic disease

•Endometriosis •Ectopic pregnancy •Ovarian cysts •Adhesions

•Uterine fibroids •Tumors •Ovarian cysts. •Acute salpingitis

•Perforated uterus RISK ASSESSMENT •Bleeding disorders

•Heart diseases •Hypertension •Diabetes •Allergies to medication •Allergies to anesthesia PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT •Blood tests

•Urinalysis •Serum electrolytes •Serum creatinine •Chest X-ray •X-ray abdomen •USG •Transvaginal USG •CT scan •MRI •Barium X-ray •Stop using blood thinning medication prior to the surgery •Do not eat and drink 8 hrs before surgery

•Part was prepared with antiseptic solution ANESTHESIA •General anesthesia •Local anesthesia •Spinal anesthesia

POSITION OF THE PATIENT •Supine position

•Lithotomy position THE PROCEDURE •Compression bandage was used on leg during the operation to prevent thromboembolism •Small incisions were given below the umbilicus •The Veress needle was inserted into the area

•Carbon dioxide gas/ Nitrous oxide gas was passed into the area to

through the Veress needle help move the abdominal wall and any organs out of the way, creating a larger space to work in. •Laparoscope was inserted through the incision •Pelvic organs were inspected for any pathology

•Uterus, ovaries were inspected •Pelvic cavity was inspected for fluids. •Samples were taken for laboratory tests (chemistry, cytology or

bacteriology) •Dye was injected into the cervix area •Fallopian tubes were examined under the guidance of dye •After the exam, the laparoscope was removed •Incisions were closed with sutures/ staples

•Dressing was done AFTER PROCEDURE Samples were sent for histopathological study FINDINGS NORMAL RESULTS The uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries are of normal size, shape, and color. There are no adhesions ABNORMAL RESULTS •Endometriosis in ________ areas are present •Ectopic pregnancy in ______ •Pelvic inflammatory disease is present •Cancer of the _____ is present with stage of •Ovarian cysts are ____ in mm/cm in size •Adhesions are present in ______ areas •Uterine fibroids with size of _____mm

•Tumors are present in _______ areas •Metastatic cancer is spread to the _____ •Signs of trauma in _______ areas •Acute salpingitis is present

POSTOPERATIVE CARE •Take pain medication as prescribed •Take antibiotics as prescribed COMPLICATIONS •Puncturing an organ

•Infection