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2. General Description of Need
3. Product Specifications
4. Supplier Search
Organizational Buying Process
5. Acquisition and Analysis of Proposals
6. Supplier Selection
7. Selection of Order Routine
8. Performance Review
1. Problem Recognition
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Three Buying Situations (slide 1 of 4)
1. New task 2. Modified rebuy 3. Straight rebuy
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Three Buying Situations 1. New Task (slide 2 of 4) •
New task—the problem or need is totally different from previous experiences. – Significant amount of information is required. – Buyers operate in the extensive problem solving stage. • Buyers lack well defined criteria. • Lack strong predispositions toward a solution.
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Three Buying Situations 2. Modified Rebuy (slide 3 of 4) •
Modified rebuy—decision makers feel there are benefits to be derived by reevaluating alternatives. – Most likely to occur when displeased with the performance of current supplier. – Buyers operate in the limited problem solving stage. • Buyers have well defined criteria.
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Three Buying Situations 3. Straight rebuy (slide 4 of 4) •
Straight rebuy—the problem or need is a recurring or continuing situation. – Buyers have experience in the area in question. – Require little or no new information. – Buyers operate in the routine problem solving stage.
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Buying Decision Approaches Causal purchases…involve no information search or analysis.
Routine low priority…decisions are more important and involve a moderate amount of analysis.
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• Enables individual employees to buy online while the company retains control of the purchasing process. The Buy-Side Requisitioning Process
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Forces Influencing Organizational Buying Behavior A projected change in business conditions can drastically alter buying plan.
Organizational Buying Behavior
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Environmental Forces
•Economic Outlook: Domestic & Global •Pace of Technological Change •Global Trade Relations
Organizational Forces
•Goals, Objectives, and Strategies •Organizational Position of Purchasing
Group Forces
•Roles, relative influence, and patterns of interaction of buying decision participants
Individual Forces
•Job function, past experience, and buying motives of individual decision participants Copyright © 2004 by South-Western, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Buygrid Framework for Organizational Buying Situations
With rising competitive pressures managers are using rigorous cost modeling approaches to identify factors that drive the cost of purchased goods and services.
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Questions for the Industrial Salesperson • • •
Which member takes part in the buying process? What is each members relative influence in the decision? What criteria is important to members in the evaluation process?
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Members of the buying center assume different roles throughout the procurement process.
Clues for Identifying Powerful Buying Center Members
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Selective Process & Cognition
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Selective exposure. Selective attention. Selective perception. Selective retention.
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Perceived Risk Components 1. Uncertainty about the outcomes of a decision. 2. The magnitude of consequences associated with making the wrong selection.
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Major Elements of Organizational Buying Behavior
The behavior of organizational buyers is influenced by environmental, organizational, group, and individual factors.
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