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GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Chandkheda, Ahmedabad Affiliated
Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science, Rajkot
A Report On
POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION Under subject of DESIGN ENGINEERING – 2A B. E. III, Semester – V (Mechanical Engineering)
Sr. 1. 2.
Submitted by: Group: Name of student Bharada Devang k. Gojiya Bhurabhai
Enrolment No. (160030119506) (160030119510)
Mr. vaishnav ankit vallabhbhai (Faculty Guide)
Prof. P.S.Puranik (Head of the Department)
Academic year (2018-2019)
1|P a g e
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work presented in this project entitled “POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSIO” submitted towards completion of project in Fifth Semester of B.E. (Mechanical) is an authentic record of my original
work
carried
out
under
the
guidance
of
“Mr.
VAISHNAV
ANKIT
VALLABHBHAI”.
I have not submitted the matter embodied in this Report for the award of any other degree.
Semester: 5th Place : Rajkot Signature : Bharada Devang k. (160030119506) Gojiya Bhurabhai (160030119510)
2|P a g e
ATMIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE RAJKOT
CERTIFICATE Date: This is to certify that the “POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION” has been carried out by BHARADA DEVANG K.under my
guidance in fulfillment of the subject Design Engineering-2A in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(5th
Semester)
of
Gujarat
Technological
University,
Ahmedabad during the academic year 2018-19.
GUIDE: Mr. VAISHNAV ANKIT VALLABHBHAI
HOD DR. P.S.PURANIK
3|P a g e
ATMIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE RAJKOT
CERTIFICATE Date: This is to certify that the “POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION” has been carried out by GOJIYA BHURABHAImy guidance in
fulfillment of the subject Design Engineering-2A in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(5th
Semester)
of
Gujarat
Technological
University,
Ahmedabad during the academic year 2018-19.
GUIDE: Mr. VAISHNAV ANKIT VALLABHBHAI
HOD DR. P.S.PURANIK
4|P a g e
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the outset, we express our deepest sense of gratitude to our guide Mr. VAISHNAV ANKIT VALLABHBHAI Mechanical Department, A.I.T.S., Rajkot, for giving us an opportunity to work on a project that was so challenging and interesting for us. We remember with great emotion, the constant encouragement and help extended to us by him that wenteven beyond the realm of academics. We express our profound gratitude to Dr. P.S. PURANIK, Head of Department Mechanical Engineering Department, A.I.T.S, Rajkot. We are delighted to work under our principal of A.I.T.S. Dr. G.D. ACHARYA and grateful to him for his inspiring and invigorating presence. Our sincere thanks go to all the faculty members of the department and technicians for the voluntary help, extended to us during the course of the project work.
Bharada Devang (160030119506) Gojiya Bhurabhai (160030119510)
5|P a g e
ABSTRACT Presently automobiles and machines use incompressible fluids as shock absorbers in order to absorb sudden shocks and vibrations that arise under motion. These shock absorbers provide damping effect thus converting Kinetic energy of sudden shock into heat energy which is then dissipated. Our attempt is to design electromagnets in order to replace these shock absorbers by using the concept of polarity. This system consists of two electromagnets and a 12V battery assembled in such a way that a clearance is maintained between these two electromagnets by placing similar poles on the same side. Whenever there is a sudden shock (or) a vibration, this clearance between two electromagnetic plates provides damping effect. This project resulted in increased comfort for passenger travelling in automobiles and reduced annoying sounds in machines. It also minimized the damage to the floor carried due to vibrations. Moreover the additional advantage using this concept is clearance can be varied by making changes in
the
input
voltage
and
the
number
of
windings.
6|P a g e
INDEX Sr No.
Topics
Page No.
I
Candidate’s Declaration
2
II
Certificate(s)
3
III
Acknowledgement
5
IV
Abstract
6
V
List of Figures
7
1
Chapter 1: Introduction of your Domain / Project
9
2
Chapter 2: Observation: Through AEIOU framework
12
2.1 Visit of domain/place of interest for getting insights and define problems. 2.2 Summary of AEIOU activity/inputs
12
12
2.2.1
12
AEIOU Canvas Image & Description 2.2.2 13
Empathy Canvas Image & Description
13
2.2.3
3
4
Mind Map Image & Description
14
Chapter 3: Problem Definition
16
3.1 Diachronic and Synchronic analysis
16
3.2 Verification of problem identified by team through users/stakeholders
17
Chapter 4: Ideation Phase 4.1 Ideation Canvas Image & Description
5
6
Chapter 5: Product Development
19 19
20
5.1 Product Development Canvas Image & Description
20
5.2 SCAMPER tool
21
Chapter 6: Phase -2 Pre-Design (Learning Need Matrix LNM) 6.1 Summary on learning needs by students in the 5th Semester shall
22 22 7|P a g e
be included in report with allocation of learning requirements among the members of the group 6.2 Time Line Chart (Create Time Line Chart comprises of learning’s of all team Members) 6.3 LNM Sheet Image & Description
7
Chapter 7: Rough Prototype Model / Conceptual Plan-Layout 7.1 Feedback received from Users/Stakeholders/Users/Stakeholders/another student groups/guide 7.2 Iteration & Modification based on feedbacks 7.3 Image of your Rough Prototype / Conceptual Plan-Layout & Description
22 22
23 23 23
24
5
Log Sheet
25
6
References
25
8|P a g e
1. INTRODUCTION The sole purpose of this project is to improvise the existing suspension system by replacing the present shock absorbers with electromagnets. The present shock absorbers consist of incompressible fluid which converts the Kinetic energy in to heat energy and dissipated. As all the parts are in contact with each other even though it is damping sudden shocks, due to direct contact these vibrations are transferred. Some of the disadvantages of the present shock absorbers are: 1) Damage of the vehicle components due to vibrations. 2) Failure of parts due to sudden shocks. 3) Discomfort for passengers due to vibrations. 4) Floor damage in case of machines due to vibrations. If we analyze the drawbacks of the present shock absorbers, all the above problems can be solved by simply eliminating the contact between the wheels and chassis of the vehicle. Therefore as a student of mechanical engineering this project will expose me to the field of designing and allows
9|P a g e
Project synopsis In this project in order to raise the upper part of the body from the lower one, electromagnets are used. These electro magnets are placed in such a way that similar poles are placed on the same side so that the repel each other and as the moment in horizontal direction is constrained it starts moving up lifting up the body of the vehicle.
Objectives First and foremost design of mechanical part of an electromagnet is an important Aspect in this project, which would be close to practical applications. Design should be flexible and more efficient in absorption of the vibrations. Developing the powerful electromagnets according to the requirement of magnetic force which is used to damp maximum amount of vibrations is to be done in this project. To get highest value of the magnetic strength a number of case studies to be conducted by varying length, diameter, windings of solenoid and also changing the voltage and current which passes through the windings. Finally structure will be designed which should support the complete system. Structure should be more flexible so as to withstand the weight of system and external loads.
10 | P a g e
Overview Theoretical background of suspension system is given in detail so as to make aware of present generation suspension system, and the components of the suspension system. Methodology includes various case studies we made; they also include different attempts we made to increase the magnetic strength of the electromagnets. Fabrication of suspension system is the place where the design of the prototype is made. A prototype is a simple replica of the shock absorber that we made using the concept of electromagnets. Results and discussions include various results that we got during several case studies. Graphs were plotted based on those results. Advantages and disadvantages are the next topic of the report. It explains how our project overcomes the drawbacks of the present shock absorbers. Conclusion is made by giving an overview on the project followed by a discussion on future scope of the project. Bibliography is made in order to tell, what were the journals and books that we referred before jumping into conclusions.
11 | P a g e
2.Observation: Through AEIOU framework
Summary of AEIOU activity/inputs AEIOU Canvas Image & Description
ENVIRONMENT:SUNNY DAY SUDDEN WEATHER CHANGES INNOVATIVE DESIGN PORTABLE DEVICE
INTERACTIONS:SAVE ELECTRICITY LUBRICANTS USED USED IN TWO- WHEELERS TOO 12 | P a g e
OBJECTS:COPPER WIRE ROD ELECTROMAGNETS AUTOMOBILE SPRINGS
ACTIVITIES:COLLECTED INFORMATION DICUSSED IDEAS SURFED NET
USERS:EVERY SINGLE PERSON CAN USE IT
Empathy Canvas Image & Description
13 | P a g e
STAKEHOLDERS:TRANSPORTERS EXPORTERS AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES
STORY BOARDING:HAPPY:- After introduction the Power generation using electromagnetic suspension system in the family, they reduced their electricity ,bills and saves a lot of money. HAPPY:- The usage of the system in the joint family helped of reduce burder of the
working people and also helping saving time.
Mind Map Image & Description
14 | P a g e
COMPONENTS:GEAR WHEEL ROD
MATERIALS:MILD STEEL ALUMINIUM
MFG:CASTING WELDING
SOFTWARES USED:SOLIDWORKS AUTOCAD
15 | P a g e
3: Problem Definition 3.1 Diachronic and Synchronic analysis Rolls Royce (1913) illustrates that how the different situations was in the early years where rear dampers stopped to use. Dry snubbers were used in between 1910-1925. However, the period 19251980 was very extensive by simple hydraulics, primarily simply constant force blow off, then proportional characteristics, then adjustable, leading to mature product. In the period of 1980 to 1985, there was an enthusiasm about the possibilities for the different types of active suspension, and they had the ability to get rid of the ordinary dampers. Then after some period in 1985, the fast auto-adjusting dampers, turn out to be more and more obvious, because they found a good deal profit of active suspension much more cheaply, and from that period the damper unexpectedly became an interesting, developing component again (Dixon & John, 2010). In 1966 for high-speed transportation Danby and Powell introduced an EDS system using super conducting magnets with a “null flux” suspension. After some period some more designs proposed using continues sheet guide ways. Then some from U.S., Japan, Germany, UK and Canada have developed further innovations (such as ladder type guide way for increased lift efficiency), but there are still a number of technical problems that needed resolution. (T.Thompson, Richard D. Thornton and Anthony Kondoleon, 2010).
16 | P a g e
3.2 Verification of problem identified by team through users/stakeholders How we can use Hydraulic Systems instead of Electromagnetic Systems? Due to the high force density, ease of design, maturity of technology, and commercial availability of the various parts, hydraulic systems are commonly used in body control systems. As an example, BMW has recently developed an antiroll control (BMW-ARC) system by placing a hydraulic rotary actuator in the center of the antiroll bar at the rear of the vehicle ,as shown in Fig. Another example is given by the active body control system of Mercedes , which uses high-pressure hydraulics to prestress the spring, hence generating antiroll forces without coupling the left and right wheels (as in the case of an antiroll bar). All commercial body control systems use hydraulics to provide the active suspension system to improve vehicle roll behavior and ride control, where the main advantages of the hydraulic system are as follows: 1) very high force density; 2) ease of control; 3) ease of design; 4) commercial availability of the various parts; 5) reliability; 6) commercial maturity. The main disadvantages of the hydraulic system are as follows: 1) considered inefficient due to the required continuously pressurized system; 2) relatively high system time constant (pressure loss and flexible hoses); 3) environmental pollution due to hose leaks and ruptures, where hydraulic fluids are toxic; 4) mass and intractable space requirements of the total system, including supply system, even though it mainly contributes to the sprung mass. Hydraulic systems already proved their potential in commercial systems with regard to active roll control (ARC) since the bandwidth requirement is very small (order of hertz); however, concerning reduction of road vibrations, the performance of the hydraulic system is insufficient.
17 | P a g e
Bose suspension system
18 | P a g e
4: Ideation Phase 4.1 Ideation Canvas Image & Description
PEOPLES:COMMON PEOPLES CAN USE IT USEFUL FOR TRANSPORTERS PROPS & POSSIBLE SOLUTION:ELECTROMAGNETS COPPER WIRES M.S. STAND
19 | P a g e
5: Product Development 5.1: Product Development Canvas Image & Description
PRODUCT FEATURES:HIGH SPEED LATEST DESIGN LESS INPUT MORE OUTPUT REJECT REDESIGN:DECREASE IN WEIGHT FRICTION EFFECT CUSTOMERS REVALIDATION:LESS AVAILABLE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
20 | P a g e
5.2: SCAMPER tool
S:- SUBSTITUTE: Here susbstitute comes up with another topic that is equivalent to the present topic. C:-COMBINE : Here Combine adds information to the original topic. A:- ADJUST:- Adjust identifies ways to construct the topic in a more flexible and adjusted material. M:-MODIFY: Modify creatively changes the topic. P:-PUT: Put to other uses identifies the possible scenarios and situations where this topic can be used. E:- ELIMINATE: Eliminate removes ideas or elements from the topic that are not valuable. R:- REVERSEReverse, rearrange evolves a new concept from the original concept.
21 | P a g e
6: Phase -2 Pre-Design (Learning Need Matrix - LNM) 6.1 LNM Sheet Image & Description
APPLICATION PROCESS INVOLVED TOOL BOX POWER GNERATION FLUX GENERATION EXPERIMENTS STUDY OF FLUX GENERATION STUDY OF FAILURE OF COMPONENTS
22 | P a g e
7: Rough Prototype Model / Conceptual Plan-Layout Image of your Rough Prototype / Conceptual Plan-Layout & Description
23 | P a g e
24 | P a g e
References :[1] Gerschutz MJ, Denune JA, Colvin JM, Schober G. Elevated vacuum suspension influence on lower limb amputee’s residual limb volume at different vacuum pressure settings. J Prosthetics and Orthotics 2010;22(4):252-6. [2] Street GM. Vacuum suspension and its effects on the limb. Orthopadie- Technik Quarterly 2007;1-4. [3] Mak AF, Zhang M, Boone DA. State-of-the-art reasearch in lower-limb prosthetic biomechanics-socket interface: A review. J Rehab R&D 2001;38(2):161-74. [4] Biel TL, Street GM, Covey SJ. Interface pressure during ambulation using suction and vacuum-assisted prosthetic sockets. J Rehab R&D 2002;39(6):693-700. [5] Sanders JE, Harrison DS, Myers TR, Allyn KJ. Effects of elevated vacuum on insocket residual limb fluid volume: case study results using bioimpedance analysis. J Rehab Res & Dev 2011;48(10):1231-48. [6] Goh JCH, Lee PVS, Chong SY. Static and Dynamic Pressure Profiles of a Patellartendon- bearing (PTB) Socket. Proc The Inst of Mech Eng Part H - J Eng in Med 2003;217(2):121-6. [7] Jason T. Kahle, John J. Orriola, Will Johnston, and M. Jason Highsmith. The effects of vacuum-assisted suspension on residual limb physiology, wound healing and function: a systematic review. Tech and Innov 2014;15:333-41. [8] 2212-8271 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncnd/ 4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd CIRP Conference on BioManufacturing 2017 doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2017.04.047
25 | P a g e
Atmiya Institute of Technology & Science, Rajkot
A Report On
POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION Under subject of DESIGN ENGINEERING – 2A B. E. III, Semester – V (Mechanical Engineering)
Sr. 1. 2.
Submitted by: Group: Name of student Bharada Devang k. Gojiya Bhurabhai
Enrolment No. (160030119506) (160030119510)
Mr. vaishnav ankit vallabhbhai (Faculty Guide)
Prof. P.S.Puranik (Head of the Department)
Academic year (2018-2019)
1|P a g e
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work presented in this project entitled “POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSIO” submitted towards completion of project in Fifth Semester of B.E. (Mechanical) is an authentic record of my original
work
carried
out
under
the
guidance
of
“Mr.
VAISHNAV
ANKIT
VALLABHBHAI”.
I have not submitted the matter embodied in this Report for the award of any other degree.
Semester: 5th Place : Rajkot Signature : Bharada Devang k. (160030119506) Gojiya Bhurabhai (160030119510)
2|P a g e
ATMIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE RAJKOT
CERTIFICATE Date: This is to certify that the “POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION” has been carried out by BHARADA DEVANG K.under my
guidance in fulfillment of the subject Design Engineering-2A in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(5th
Semester)
of
Gujarat
Technological
University,
Ahmedabad during the academic year 2018-19.
GUIDE: Mr. VAISHNAV ANKIT VALLABHBHAI
HOD DR. P.S.PURANIK
3|P a g e
ATMIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE RAJKOT
CERTIFICATE Date: This is to certify that the “POWER GENERATION USING ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION” has been carried out by GOJIYA BHURABHAImy guidance in
fulfillment of the subject Design Engineering-2A in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(5th
Semester)
of
Gujarat
Technological
University,
Ahmedabad during the academic year 2018-19.
GUIDE: Mr. VAISHNAV ANKIT VALLABHBHAI
HOD DR. P.S.PURANIK
4|P a g e
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the outset, we express our deepest sense of gratitude to our guide Mr. VAISHNAV ANKIT VALLABHBHAI Mechanical Department, A.I.T.S., Rajkot, for giving us an opportunity to work on a project that was so challenging and interesting for us. We remember with great emotion, the constant encouragement and help extended to us by him that wenteven beyond the realm of academics. We express our profound gratitude to Dr. P.S. PURANIK, Head of Department Mechanical Engineering Department, A.I.T.S, Rajkot. We are delighted to work under our principal of A.I.T.S. Dr. G.D. ACHARYA and grateful to him for his inspiring and invigorating presence. Our sincere thanks go to all the faculty members of the department and technicians for the voluntary help, extended to us during the course of the project work.
Bharada Devang (160030119506) Gojiya Bhurabhai (160030119510)
5|P a g e
ABSTRACT Presently automobiles and machines use incompressible fluids as shock absorbers in order to absorb sudden shocks and vibrations that arise under motion. These shock absorbers provide damping effect thus converting Kinetic energy of sudden shock into heat energy which is then dissipated. Our attempt is to design electromagnets in order to replace these shock absorbers by using the concept of polarity. This system consists of two electromagnets and a 12V battery assembled in such a way that a clearance is maintained between these two electromagnets by placing similar poles on the same side. Whenever there is a sudden shock (or) a vibration, this clearance between two electromagnetic plates provides damping effect. This project resulted in increased comfort for passenger travelling in automobiles and reduced annoying sounds in machines. It also minimized the damage to the floor carried due to vibrations. Moreover the additional advantage using this concept is clearance can be varied by making changes in
the
input
voltage
and
the
number
of
windings.
6|P a g e
INDEX Sr No.
Topics
Page No.
I
Candidate’s Declaration
2
II
Certificate(s)
3
III
Acknowledgement
5
IV
Abstract
6
V
List of Figures
7
1
Chapter 1: Introduction of your Domain / Project
9
2
Chapter 2: Observation: Through AEIOU framework
12
2.1 Visit of domain/place of interest for getting insights and define problems. 2.2 Summary of AEIOU activity/inputs
12
12
2.2.1
12
AEIOU Canvas Image & Description 2.2.2 13
Empathy Canvas Image & Description
13
2.2.3
3
4
Mind Map Image & Description
14
Chapter 3: Problem Definition
16
3.1 Diachronic and Synchronic analysis
16
3.2 Verification of problem identified by team through users/stakeholders
17
Chapter 4: Ideation Phase 4.1 Ideation Canvas Image & Description
5
6
Chapter 5: Product Development
19 19
20
5.1 Product Development Canvas Image & Description
20
5.2 SCAMPER tool
21
Chapter 6: Phase -2 Pre-Design (Learning Need Matrix LNM) 6.1 Summary on learning needs by students in the 5th Semester shall
22 22 7|P a g e
be included in report with allocation of learning requirements among the members of the group 6.2 Time Line Chart (Create Time Line Chart comprises of learning’s of all team Members) 6.3 LNM Sheet Image & Description
7
Chapter 7: Rough Prototype Model / Conceptual Plan-Layout 7.1 Feedback received from Users/Stakeholders/Users/Stakeholders/another student groups/guide 7.2 Iteration & Modification based on feedbacks 7.3 Image of your Rough Prototype / Conceptual Plan-Layout & Description
22 22
23 23 23
24
5
Log Sheet
25
6
References
25
8|P a g e
1. INTRODUCTION The sole purpose of this project is to improvise the existing suspension system by replacing the present shock absorbers with electromagnets. The present shock absorbers consist of incompressible fluid which converts the Kinetic energy in to heat energy and dissipated. As all the parts are in contact with each other even though it is damping sudden shocks, due to direct contact these vibrations are transferred. Some of the disadvantages of the present shock absorbers are: 1) Damage of the vehicle components due to vibrations. 2) Failure of parts due to sudden shocks. 3) Discomfort for passengers due to vibrations. 4) Floor damage in case of machines due to vibrations. If we analyze the drawbacks of the present shock absorbers, all the above problems can be solved by simply eliminating the contact between the wheels and chassis of the vehicle. Therefore as a student of mechanical engineering this project will expose me to the field of designing and allows
9|P a g e
Project synopsis In this project in order to raise the upper part of the body from the lower one, electromagnets are used. These electro magnets are placed in such a way that similar poles are placed on the same side so that the repel each other and as the moment in horizontal direction is constrained it starts moving up lifting up the body of the vehicle.
Objectives First and foremost design of mechanical part of an electromagnet is an important Aspect in this project, which would be close to practical applications. Design should be flexible and more efficient in absorption of the vibrations. Developing the powerful electromagnets according to the requirement of magnetic force which is used to damp maximum amount of vibrations is to be done in this project. To get highest value of the magnetic strength a number of case studies to be conducted by varying length, diameter, windings of solenoid and also changing the voltage and current which passes through the windings. Finally structure will be designed which should support the complete system. Structure should be more flexible so as to withstand the weight of system and external loads.
10 | P a g e
Overview Theoretical background of suspension system is given in detail so as to make aware of present generation suspension system, and the components of the suspension system. Methodology includes various case studies we made; they also include different attempts we made to increase the magnetic strength of the electromagnets. Fabrication of suspension system is the place where the design of the prototype is made. A prototype is a simple replica of the shock absorber that we made using the concept of electromagnets. Results and discussions include various results that we got during several case studies. Graphs were plotted based on those results. Advantages and disadvantages are the next topic of the report. It explains how our project overcomes the drawbacks of the present shock absorbers. Conclusion is made by giving an overview on the project followed by a discussion on future scope of the project. Bibliography is made in order to tell, what were the journals and books that we referred before jumping into conclusions.
11 | P a g e
2.Observation: Through AEIOU framework
Summary of AEIOU activity/inputs AEIOU Canvas Image & Description
ENVIRONMENT:SUNNY DAY SUDDEN WEATHER CHANGES INNOVATIVE DESIGN PORTABLE DEVICE
INTERACTIONS:SAVE ELECTRICITY LUBRICANTS USED USED IN TWO- WHEELERS TOO 12 | P a g e
OBJECTS:COPPER WIRE ROD ELECTROMAGNETS AUTOMOBILE SPRINGS
ACTIVITIES:COLLECTED INFORMATION DICUSSED IDEAS SURFED NET
USERS:EVERY SINGLE PERSON CAN USE IT
Empathy Canvas Image & Description
13 | P a g e
STAKEHOLDERS:TRANSPORTERS EXPORTERS AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES
STORY BOARDING:HAPPY:- After introduction the Power generation using electromagnetic suspension system in the family, they reduced their electricity ,bills and saves a lot of money. HAPPY:- The usage of the system in the joint family helped of reduce burder of the
working people and also helping saving time.
Mind Map Image & Description
14 | P a g e
COMPONENTS:GEAR WHEEL ROD
MATERIALS:MILD STEEL ALUMINIUM
MFG:CASTING WELDING
SOFTWARES USED:SOLIDWORKS AUTOCAD
15 | P a g e
3: Problem Definition 3.1 Diachronic and Synchronic analysis Rolls Royce (1913) illustrates that how the different situations was in the early years where rear dampers stopped to use. Dry snubbers were used in between 1910-1925. However, the period 19251980 was very extensive by simple hydraulics, primarily simply constant force blow off, then proportional characteristics, then adjustable, leading to mature product. In the period of 1980 to 1985, there was an enthusiasm about the possibilities for the different types of active suspension, and they had the ability to get rid of the ordinary dampers. Then after some period in 1985, the fast auto-adjusting dampers, turn out to be more and more obvious, because they found a good deal profit of active suspension much more cheaply, and from that period the damper unexpectedly became an interesting, developing component again (Dixon & John, 2010). In 1966 for high-speed transportation Danby and Powell introduced an EDS system using super conducting magnets with a “null flux” suspension. After some period some more designs proposed using continues sheet guide ways. Then some from U.S., Japan, Germany, UK and Canada have developed further innovations (such as ladder type guide way for increased lift efficiency), but there are still a number of technical problems that needed resolution. (T.Thompson, Richard D. Thornton and Anthony Kondoleon, 2010).
16 | P a g e
3.2 Verification of problem identified by team through users/stakeholders How we can use Hydraulic Systems instead of Electromagnetic Systems? Due to the high force density, ease of design, maturity of technology, and commercial availability of the various parts, hydraulic systems are commonly used in body control systems. As an example, BMW has recently developed an antiroll control (BMW-ARC) system by placing a hydraulic rotary actuator in the center of the antiroll bar at the rear of the vehicle ,as shown in Fig. Another example is given by the active body control system of Mercedes , which uses high-pressure hydraulics to prestress the spring, hence generating antiroll forces without coupling the left and right wheels (as in the case of an antiroll bar). All commercial body control systems use hydraulics to provide the active suspension system to improve vehicle roll behavior and ride control, where the main advantages of the hydraulic system are as follows: 1) very high force density; 2) ease of control; 3) ease of design; 4) commercial availability of the various parts; 5) reliability; 6) commercial maturity. The main disadvantages of the hydraulic system are as follows: 1) considered inefficient due to the required continuously pressurized system; 2) relatively high system time constant (pressure loss and flexible hoses); 3) environmental pollution due to hose leaks and ruptures, where hydraulic fluids are toxic; 4) mass and intractable space requirements of the total system, including supply system, even though it mainly contributes to the sprung mass. Hydraulic systems already proved their potential in commercial systems with regard to active roll control (ARC) since the bandwidth requirement is very small (order of hertz); however, concerning reduction of road vibrations, the performance of the hydraulic system is insufficient.
17 | P a g e
Bose suspension system
18 | P a g e
4: Ideation Phase 4.1 Ideation Canvas Image & Description
PEOPLES:COMMON PEOPLES CAN USE IT USEFUL FOR TRANSPORTERS PROPS & POSSIBLE SOLUTION:ELECTROMAGNETS COPPER WIRES M.S. STAND
19 | P a g e
5: Product Development 5.1: Product Development Canvas Image & Description
PRODUCT FEATURES:HIGH SPEED LATEST DESIGN LESS INPUT MORE OUTPUT REJECT REDESIGN:DECREASE IN WEIGHT FRICTION EFFECT CUSTOMERS REVALIDATION:LESS AVAILABLE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
20 | P a g e
5.2: SCAMPER tool
S:- SUBSTITUTE: Here susbstitute comes up with another topic that is equivalent to the present topic. C:-COMBINE : Here Combine adds information to the original topic. A:- ADJUST:- Adjust identifies ways to construct the topic in a more flexible and adjusted material. M:-MODIFY: Modify creatively changes the topic. P:-PUT: Put to other uses identifies the possible scenarios and situations where this topic can be used. E:- ELIMINATE: Eliminate removes ideas or elements from the topic that are not valuable. R:- REVERSEReverse, rearrange evolves a new concept from the original concept.
21 | P a g e
6: Phase -2 Pre-Design (Learning Need Matrix - LNM) 6.1 LNM Sheet Image & Description
APPLICATION PROCESS INVOLVED TOOL BOX POWER GNERATION FLUX GENERATION EXPERIMENTS STUDY OF FLUX GENERATION STUDY OF FAILURE OF COMPONENTS
22 | P a g e
7: Rough Prototype Model / Conceptual Plan-Layout Image of your Rough Prototype / Conceptual Plan-Layout & Description
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