Data Centre Monitoring

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Prepared By K.R.DAMODARAN Technical Consultant - Projects

MAK POWER TECHNOLOGY

4237 Barton Crescent, Windsor, Ontario Mandatory N9G 221, Canada “Measurement become

for better

Management” (MMM) © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 1 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL SYSTEM

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

CONTENT

SL.N O.

DESCRIPTION

PAGE NO.

1

Temperature

4

2

Humidity

9

3

Air Flow

12

4

Fire alarm

18

5

Access Control

25

6

Feeder Changeover

28

7

Generator

31

8

UPS

33

9

Battery

36

10

Air Conditioner

41

11

Lighting Control

45

12

Data centre monitoring server

50

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 4 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

TEMPERATURE

Why Multiple Channel Temperature, Humidity & Air Flow measurement is required ? A recent IT industry study identified power and cooling as the top two

© Copyright 2008 POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. concerns ofMAK data center operators. Page 5 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

In today's high-density data centers and computer rooms, measuring the ambient room temperature is often not enough. The temperature of the air where it enters the server can be measurably higher than the ambient room temperature, depending on the layout of the data center and a higher concentration of heat producing equipment such as blade servers. Measuring the temperature of the aisles in the data center at multiple height levels can give an early indication of a potential temperature problem. Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments ASHRAE

In most of the Computer Data Centers the Design Conditions should be 72-75°F (22-24°C) Temperature TEMPERATURE Technology compaction is producing ever-increasing power and heat densities in computer equipment racks and computer rooms. As densities continues to increase, any interruption in cooling will result in abrupt © temperature Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. increases far exceeding hard ware manufacturer Page 6 of 57 recommendations.

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Increasing Product Heat Density

Impact of Temperature Changes A poorly maintained data center environment will have a negative impact on data processing and storage operations, as described below. High Soft Error Rates, Erratic or Unrepeatable Information, and outright hardware failures can result from exceeding recommended environmental recommendation. Excessive expansion and contraction of the component materials inside computer and communication equipment results from exceeding manufacturer temperature range and rate of change recommendation. A high or low ambient temperature, or rapid temperature swings, can corrupt data processing and shut down an entire system. Temperature variations can alter the electrical and physical characteristics of electronic chips and other board components, thermally-caused instability is when the electrical contacts of a printed circuit board which plugs-on to an interconnecting wiring backplane no longer make physical contact resulting in intermittent or outright failures and causing faulty operation or failure. These problems may be transient or may last for days. Even transient problems can be very difficult to diagnose and repair.

Fig.: Thermally-caused A Single Figure thermal Inside temperature :importance Temperature expansion the Data performance sensor Center has Dispersion been measurement Temperature so issues isgreat notisuniform that aDispersion data high microscopic in soft is not computer error issufficient not printed rate. uniform data The tocircuit center. analyze hardware traces The thekeeps air that complete enter carries operating, incompu the intern mb The of multiple temperature sensor   Using multiple temperature sensors at strategic locations in the computer data center gives us A high or low ambient temperature, or rapid temperature swings, can corrupt data processing and shut down an entire system. Temperature variations can alter the electrical and physical characteristics of electronic chips and other components, thermally-caused instability when the electrical contacts of © Copyright 2008board MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to changeis without notice. a printed circuit board which plugs-on to an interconnecting wiring backplane no Page 7 of 57 longer make physical contact resulting in intermittent or outright failures and causing faulty operation or failure. These problems may be transient or may last for days. Even transient problems can be very difficult to diagnose and repair.

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Recirculation of Hot exhaust air across the top of racks due to anoccur inadequate supply ofatcot Vertical “Bypass Hot Identify spots hot by Airflow” come the spots locations in is occur two defined varieties because andasunderstand conditioned Zone, the internal Vertical. the air causes fans that Zone within isof hot short hot spots the spots cycled computer by or visualizing: not when equipment getting the temper direc To Hot Spots understand and removal Bye-Pass Hot Spots Air Flow  

• plenum and room airflow patterns Vertical hot spots are more discrete and may be unique to just a single rack or cabine • color thermal maps of rack inlet temperatures • surfaces showing clouds of hot and cold air in the room • static pressure distribution,• tile airflow distribution © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 8 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

HUMIDITY

EFFECTS OF HUMIDITY In very dry areas, humidification is desirable because it makes antistatic materials with "sweat layers" function better as well as an overall reduction (not elimination) in triboelectric charging for all materials. Do not let high humidity levels build a false confidence, and beware of corrosion problems with interconnects and other electrical interfaces. A high relative humidity, over 30% RH, reduces the resistance of most dielectrics resulting in an increase in return current, which is the current HUMIDITY that opposes a charge buildup. When an object is undergoing tribocharging in a high humidity environment, the object will reach an equilibrium point where the tribocharging current equals the return current. For objects that undergo charging to a high potential, the primary impact of humidity is to encourage or discourage corona, and effect the rise time of the discharge current. Normally, the moisture content in the air tends to lower the surface resistance of floors, carpets, table mats, etc., by letting wet particles create a vaguely conductive (or less than 10-9 Ohms/square) film over an ©otherwise Copyright 2008insulating MAK POWER. Allsurface. rights reserved. subject humidity to change without notice. If Specifications the relative decreases, this Page 10 of 57 favorable phenomenon disappears. The air itself, being dry, becomes a part of the electrostatic build-up mechanism every time there is an air flow (wind, air conditioning, blower)

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

destroy Naturally Walking Electrons Most electrical sensitive across Charged, transfer charge a floor, electronics. fromare shoes thedispersed surface contact ofthrough and the floor separate the tohands. the from person Ifthe thewalking walking. charged surface. “charging” person This touches the contact-separation person, a computer creating or other an (friction) electric electronic generates imbalance, component, a tribocharge, the charge the charge must or static that be de  Non-moving person In most cases, the person will never feel the discharge even though it has occurred

EVENT

Figure: Humidity plays the major role Walking Across Carpet on ESD Walking Across Vinyl Floor generation

VOLTAGE AT RELATIVE HUMIDITY 10%

40%

55%

35,000

15,000

7,500

12,000

5,000

3,000

Motions of Individual Not Grounded

6,000

800

400

Remove Bubble Pack from Package

26,000

20,000

7,000

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 11 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Cost of ESD damage increases by ten (10) fold at every incremental level Computer Server

Data Center

System Level Board Level

US$ 200,000 US$ 20,000

Component Level

US$ 2,000 US$ 200

US$ 2

At ideal relative humidity, water ions act as a buffer between the equipment and potential sources of electrostatic discharges. When the relative humidity gets too low, the buffer level decrease and vanish. At low temperatures and high relative humidity, the dangers posed are mostly a result of humidity. When overcooled, equipment is exposed to a high amount of moisture that can promote the growth of salt deposits on conductive filaments in the circuitry. The result can be dysfunction or even short circuits. In addition to these isolated dangers at each extreme, fluctuation between the two can cause additional problems. Even if average conditions are maintained at optimum temperature and humidity levels, you could be doing your systems great harm if these measurements vary considerably throughout the day.

Examples of Static Generation Typical Voltage Levels

Means of Generation Walking across carpet Walking across vinyl tile Worker at bench Poly bag picked up from bench

10- 25% 65-90% RH RH 35,000V

1,500V

12,000 V

250V

6,000 V

100 V

20,000 V

1,200 V

Chair with urethane 18,000 V 1,500 V ©foam Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 12 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

AIR FLOW

airflow-engineered The As heat common densities causes rise, of Hotter poor centers. equipment and inefficient at combine, the cooling, bottom found ofincrease the in all rack but consumes the newest the andcold fullyair whic from • Mixing. When hotdata and cool airstreams they rack intake temperatures, Racks Are Getting AIR FLOW through the top of the rack.   • Recirculation. hot air reserved. from server exhausts istodrawn server © Copyright 2008 MAK When POWER. All rights Specifications subject change into without notice. intakes instead of retu   13 of 57 Page • Short Circuiting. When cool air returns directly to the CRAC before doing any cooling work; T   • Leakage. Cool air being delivered uncontrolled, usually by cable cutouts. This cool air is both

• Dehumidification. When the CRAC return air is below the dew-point of the cooling coils. Re-h   • Under floor Obstructions. Cables, pipes, conduits, junction boxes, all impede the normal flo • Under floor Vortex. Poorly planned CRAC placement reduces floor pressure and produces ins • Venturi Effect. Racks placed too close to the CRAC will not get enough cooling because the c

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Short Circuiting

Mixing

Short Circuiting

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Rack

Rack

Rack

CRAC

CRAC

Venturi

Reversal Obstructions

Recirculation

Vortex

Leakage Dehumidification

• Poor Return Path. Hot air that has no

clear route to return to the CRAC causes mixing, higher rack temperatures, and lower CRAC return temperatures.

• Low

Continuous Change in Heat Loads Expected in the Future

CRAC Return Temperature. Common result of many of the above conditions, it reduces the efficiency of the cooling system. It also may trick the system into thinking the room is too cool and throttle back.

• Defective

Cooling System Operation. Many cooling systems are improperly configured or operated. Common conditions are setpoints incorrect, chilled water loops not operating as intended or CRACs in need of maintenance.

• Rack Orientation. Legacy equipment

often uses non-standard airflow paths or rows of racks may not be configured to hot aisle/cold aisle.

• External Heat and Humidity. Data

centers Are often affected by outside

However Simplified The CFDby technique fishbone carefully diagram, studying produces a structured the a computer cause-and problem simulation effect solving interactions tool of they airflow used aren’t toin and help the thermal determin data ce weather conditions if Cause-and-Effect Interactions Problem Solving Technique

Knowing the common causes of poor cooling forms the starting point for solving the p © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 15 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

CFD Knowledgebase solution for small- to medium-sized data centers and isolated ho

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

AIR FLOW MONITORING / CONTROLLER ETHERNET BUS    

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

FIRE ALARM

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

THE A The When Photoelectric light DIFFERENT there emitted are Detection smoke by TYPE the particles LED OF device FIRE normally in isSENSORS the normally air, does the not used light reach inbeam data the center emitted photocell, because from since the itnothing has lightasourc simp ref • Heat (Temperature) Sensors As the• smoke more particles reflect the light and cause more light rays to la Opticalthickens, (Flame Radiation) Sensors • Gas Sensors The photocell detection type senses more effectively the smoldering type of fire. ⇒ CO ⇒ Hydrocarbon (Gunk) Sensors ⇒ Odor • Smoke Sensors © Copyright 2008⇒ MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Ionization-Type Page 19 of 57 ⇒ Optical-Type ⇒ Other • Multiple Gas/Smoke Sensors

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

It is fire Smoke The possible alarm detectors tosystem implement is a very a variety important of security deviceand fixed surveillance in the datafunctions center. In using most of t  the outlined range of sensors and detectors.

Typical Smoke In the case examples detectors of emergency are are used the for lot early of sequential detection actions of smoke are required so that possible ie. Opening injury oftothe peop m surveillance of windows and doors for opening or locking, monitoring for water pipe burst, monitoring for the risk of fire with smoke detectors interior surveillance using motion detectors.

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

The proposed fire alarm monitoring device is integrated with various other devices in Interacting with various other devices The fire alarm system is inter connected with various other devices like

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

 Data center temperature/humidity monitoring system  Data center access control monitoring system Co-ordinate Action/Alert  Data the center Conditioner system Whenever fire Air alarm is actuated, the data center fire alarm monitoring  Data center Feeder Power Supply System system immediately annunciates the fire alarm by way of hooter sound,  itData center information gateway system then switches OFF the magnetic door locks (so the people inside Data center database/reporting system OFF the air conditioners thedata center can move out) & switching (Fire will spread drastically when the air is blown), then the relevant power supply section is switched OFF and SMS message can also sent to the nearest fire service department. © Copyright 2008 MAK periodically POWER. All rights test reserved. to change notice. The user can theSpecifications availablesubject features ofwithout the fire alarm Page 22 of 57

monitoring system periodically in association with the fire service department as per their convenience.

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Mock Fire Alarm Test with fire service personnel

Automatic Lift Fire Stoppage Pump Activation Reporting

All the The Fireevents alarm related systemto can fire bealarm interfaced are recorded with fire building in pump the data lift activation through base with software/hardware system. date and time s  

For non-conducting The system will automatically of fire alarm switch mockON test the asfire perpump. the schedule, the system sends em  

The system can be interfaced with the fire pump activation system, lift deactivation w

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Icons can be optionally added to identify the exact device of interest and optional trav MIMIC Graphic Screen

  Graphic screens can provide easily recognizable site plan and floor plan information. T In addition to screen text or graphic information, the operator will be presented with s  

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Systematic security

An access control system has to satisfy high demands in data center managed on the ACCESS MASTER controller is flexible, user friendly, expandable, and with distributed

Access Control System offers versatility in the selection of device actuated. It can be c

Both authorized personnel and also the door assigned to them can be divided into mu The ACCESS CONTROL MANAGEMENT software used in the system ensures, easy and

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Access ∗ Single door Control / Multi System Door control is networked with inside with or outside the Data proximity Centercard monitori reader ∗ Magnetic / Lever Lock ∗ Forced door opening—detector ∗ Emergency Door Opening— Push Button ∗ Fire Alarm Input

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 27 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

FEEDER CHNAGEOVER SYSTEM © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 28 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

FEEDER CHANGEOVER PANEL Feeder Changeover Panel shall increase the reliability of the feeder supply available to the data centre. Any failure of feeder shall be automatically taken care by the data centre monitoring system. The individual feeder network parameters recorded in the database to enable the user to choose the efficient feeder and the data is used for preventive maintenance work.

oleObject7

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 29 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Feeder-01

Feeder-02

MCCB

SM

SM

SM

MCCB

SM

SM

To Monitoring System

ENERGY METER

ENERGY METER

ENERGY METER

Feeder-03

SM

MCCB

SM

SM

SM

Phase-1 Phase-2 Phase-3

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 30 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Computer data center changeover panel is controlling two or three electricity feeder & generator. • The output phase (two or three ) is derived from any healthy feeder phase automatically. • The changeover switching matrix operation shall be designed by the pre programmed switching sequence to avoid phase over lap. • The feeder voltage monitoring enables the user to prevent the equipment damage at the same time the system isolates the equipmentChangeover by disconnecting the feeder supply. the following Automatic control panelpower monitoring •

feeder signals status, signal levels and user set parameters.

Status Monitoring  ED Feeder-01, ED Feeder –02, Generator Feeder-03, 

All Feeder MCCB Healthy /Trip Monitoring.

Signal Level Monitoring  Three Phase Voltage Monitoring of Incoming ED Feeder-01,02,  Three Phase Current Monitoring of Incoming EB Feeder-01, 02  Three Phase Voltage / Current Monitoring of Incoming Generator Feeder-03

Switching Matrix

Set

 The switching of feeder phase voltage using single pole contactor Rated Capacity of required Load current.  In the case of single phase failure in all the feeder, the output shall be derived from the various other individual healthy phases.  Priority Wise Healthy Feeder Selection Trip/Alarm Level economizer  Feeder changeover  Uniform operating Hours of Feeders.  In each Feeder the voltage minimum / maximum level shall be  Load Sharing . set to Alarm voltage level and Trip voltage level, changeover voltage level.  The power quality shall be monitored automatically and healthy power quality feeder shall be assigned for highest priority.  The frequency of the feeder shall be monitored and minimum / maximum level can be set to Alarm frequency range and Trip Frequency range , changeover frequency range.

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 31 of 57

 The current maximum / minimum alarm /warning level can be set according to the field situation.

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

GENERATOR

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 32 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

AUTOMATIC MAINS FAILIURE GENERATOR STARTING PANEL GSM INTERFACE

UPS

PRINTER INTERNET

MobileHand Held Display TerminalUnit

DataCentre MonitoringSystem Cell Phone ServiceProvider

A – AUTOMATIC M– MANUAL L1 – GENSETAVAILABLE L2 – EBAVAILABLE SW2– GENSETOUTPUTON /OFF

SMS/TCP/E-Mail CommunicationUnit

A M L1 Alarm Hooter

Alarm Signal

Charger

SW1 Start

Redundant Battery

E-STOP

BatteryVoltage Transducer &Monitor

L2 OFF ON SW2 Stop Reset

OPERATOR PANELSW ITCH

DI7

DI2,DI3,DI4,DI5,DI6,

GENSETMONITOR / CONTROL DO1

DI1

AI1

DO2

AI2

DO4

DO3

FSW Level Sensor FUEL TANK

Engine Engine Engine Engine Oil Stop RPM Temp. Cranking Pressure

Energy Meter AMF PANEL Contactor C1

C3 R

R Y

Y

B N

B N

C2

ENGINE

ED MAINS

C4

GENERATOR LOAD

Generator Monitoring and Control Panel facility shall includes the following minimum feature –

Battery Voltage Monitoring

Generator Failure SMS facility Automatic Data Logger © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Automatic report generation & Page 33 of 57 emailing facility. On-Line Generator efficiency monitoring

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL – – – – – –

– – – –

Generator Temperature Monitoring Generator RPM Monitoring Alternator AC Voltage Monitoring Mains AC Voltage Monitoring Energy Monitor Auto Start / Stop of Generator Generator Failure -Alarm Hooter, Lamp Remote connectivity - built-in communication port. Automatic / Manual Generator control Automatic Daily START/STOP of generator to enhance the healthiness.

UPS

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Monitoring UPS1 & the UPS2 output current helps to find out /which UPSInput is working /delive Self Checking UPS Healthiness Monitoring of UPS output current UPS voltag

If changes from UPS1 to UPS2 means the UPS1 current is zero and the UPS2 is deliv Asitper the user defined interval/time the changeover system shall automatically chec

Changeover controller checks the UPS input feeder supply, UPSchangeover input supply fails o At the time of healthiness checking, if the UPS is failed, thenIfthe controlle

If one UPS output current is zero (atchecking the samesystem time the UPS input voltage is healthy), Routine Automatic UPS healthiness shall gives the user advanced al

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 35 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

UPSUPS The - INTERFACING c The status, system alarm, automatically WITH trip messages, VARIOUSmaintains COMMUNICATION set values the of various uniform PROTOCOL parameters runningshall hours be of accessed each UPS. by th T

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

BATTERY

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Whilst A When battery sizing battery block the manufacturers isbattery a self –contained set forprovide UPS,the electro discharge primary chemical factors curves device and to consider tables that can to include assist store electrical selection.e Battery Sizing  The Battery within a UPS must be sized to provide a specified runtime in minutes or h Comparing ∗ Site battery powerruntime history, performance and in particular, between the duration UPS suppliers of previous can bemains difficult power unles s   ∗ Critical Load sizes. The best ∗ solution If there isisato maintained ensure all runtimes standby generator are quoted onusing site. the same load Watt rating   ∗ The length of time required for load shedding and an orderly shutdown. If the load ∗ The and available power factor environment values are for not example, clearlyspace, defined temperature comparisons and can humidity. therefore ∗ Overall cost for a long runtime versus an individual standby generator or fue

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Whether The user • Lots aHealth shall design of refer interesting life and is design met stuff… or not the will battery depend sizing onbased a number on the of factors following including data sheet the fr n Battery Data Sheet Problems discharge vs. time vs. temp • Self Sulfation • Cycle life vs.discharge discharge depth – Deep • Discharge vs. time – Beingvoltage left at low SOC vs. current • Discharge time vs. current – High temperatures vs. temperature of charge vs. open circuit voltage • State Positive grid corrosion, flaking, dendrite growth – Over voltage, over charging, wrong or faulty charger – High temperatures • Loss of electrolyte – Over voltage, over charging, wrong or faulty charger – Decompression of cell, faulty valve, mishandling – High temperatures esp. during charge • Cell poisoning – Impurities cause poisoning over time

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 39 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Battery Aging One of the most important factors of battery aging and performance is ambient temperature. The Higher ambient temperatures do actually reduces the service life.

Wet Charged Stand Time-Months Effect of Cell Temperature on Capacity Loss During Charged Stand (Pure Lead Charge Retaining Cells) This below table further highlights the need to control the ambient temperature around a battery set if a premature and potentially costly replacement is to avoided. This will invariably lead to system downtime and if not caught early enough a complete system failure which only becomes evident set is placed under load during a mains power supply failure.

Temperature Deg. C. % Service Life

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

100

71

50

35

25

18

13

Before power failure we shallBackup assure the total back-up BATTERY DISCHARGE– Time Test time available in the battery ba To test the total back-up time availability of the battery, user shall discharge the batte  

In constant current mode the battery bank voltage and discharge current continuo Before power failure we shallBackup assure the total back-up BATTERY DISCHARGE– Time Test time available in the battery ba   Before power failure we shall assure the total back-up time available the battery To test the total back-up time availability of the battery, user shall theasbatte BATTERY DISCHARGE– Backup Time Test This can from part of an quarterly preventive maintenance visit or discharge beinprovided aba s  To test the total back-up time availability of the battery, user shall discharge the batte  In constant current mode the battery bank voltage and discharge current continuo  In constant current mode the battery bank voltage and discharge current continuo  This can from part of an quarterly preventive maintenance visit or be provided as a s This can from part of an quarterly preventive maintenance visit or be provided as a s

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 40 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Typical resistor bank to measure the total battery back-up time available

The individual battery voltage, current shall be monitored at the time of load bank discharge test. Due to the chemical nature of the battery, the individual battery performance will differ. During the discharge test the individual battery voltage is monitored, and the non-performing battery shall be identified and the battery test is paused, after removing the battery from the battery bank the discharge test shall be continued. The load bank reduces the removed battery voltage while calculating the constant current.

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

AIR CONDITIONER

AIR following The FLOW / TEMPERATURE air-conditioner method SENSOR is normally adapted in the IT data center. Air Conditioner Monitor   c The change over controller maintains uniform running hours of each air condit © Copyright All rights reserved. Specifications to change without notice. Air flow/temperature -c Standalone Multiple sensor Air continuously Conditioner monitors -subject Split/Window the air based. conditioner air controller output, inau c If2008 theMAK AirPOWER. conditioner mains input MCB trips, then the changeover Page 42 of 57   - Centralized Air Conditioner (Chill water based) - Air Handling Unit CURRENT - Precision MONITORING Air Conditioner   - Package Air Conditioner Current monitoring of the individual air-conditioner with the air flow shall be logged i

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Function: 1. Liquid cooler fans An AC drive optimizes compressor motor speed to actual cooling demand. The compr Benefits:   • Energy savings 4. Chilled • Easierwater to maintain pump low noise levels © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Benefits: Accurate control to keep desired Page 43 of•57 • Energy condenser savings water temperature Function: • Accurate control to keep desired duct Liquid temperature cooler fans are controlled according to the temperature of the condenser water

and stopping 2.starting Condenser water pump

• Reduced pump and pipe sizes Benefits:   • Energy savings •DATA Accurate control to keep desired CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL condenser water temperature • Elimination of water hammer due to soft starting and stopping • Reduced pump and pipe sizes Function: Condenser water pump is controlled with a PID controller according to the temperatur  

3. Chiller compressor

Benefits: Function: • Energy savings Chilled water pump circulates chilled water in a cooling coil • Reduced peak demand charges according to the temperature of the supply air. Operation is enabled • Elimination of water hammer or hydraulic when the duct temperature rises above a preset level and chiller shock due to softisstarting compressor running.and stopping • Increased chiller life •5. Tighter chilled Supply fanwater temperature control • Reduced maintenance demand  

Benefits: • Energy savings • Accurate control to keep desired air quality/ CO2 content • Reduced maintenance of mechanical equipment such as belts and bearings due to reduced operating speeds and AC drive soft starting and stopping. • Easier to maintain low noise levels Function: Room air quality is controlled by changing the speed of the supply fan according to the CO2 content of the exhaust air. The outdoor air damper will be opened when the fan is started. Operation is enabled when the damper is fully open (damper end switch).

6. Return fan Benefits:

• Energy savings • Accurate control to keep desired duct pressure • Reduced maintenance of mechanical equipment such as belts and bearings due to reduced operating speeds and AC drive soft starting and stopping • Easier to maintain low noise levels

Function: © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. pressure is controlled by changing the speed of the return Page 44 ofRoom 57

fan according to the exhaust duct pressure. Return fan keeps up constant under pressure in the exhaust duct by using PID control. Exhaust air dampers will be opened when the fan is started.

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

LIGHTING CONTROL

Intensity Based Lighting Control

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

Occupancy Based Lighting Control ENERGY SAVING

Sunlight has the highest light quality available – now MARK POWER lets you use it for real. The MARK POWER System collects sunlight outdoors and brings it indoors using fibre optic cables. This way you can experience the presence of nature in rooms where you work, live, love and learn...

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

OPTICAL FIBRE BASED DAY LIGHTING

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

WELLNESS & PRODUCTIVITY  Productivity increases by 6 – 16 percent when natural light is added to a workplace.  1 percent productivity increase equals the total energy cost in offices.  Pure sunlight is dynamic and has a full spectrum that triggers the ganglion cells, which controls levels of melatonin and cortisol, thereby synchronizing the body clock. 

Sunlight gives improved visibility from improved light, better color rendering, and the absence of flickering from electrical lighting.

SUSTAINABILITY & ENERGY SAVINGS

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 49 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL  Electrical lighting represents 40 – 50 percent of the energy consumption in commercial buildings. 

Electrical lighting contributes 25 – 30 percent of the emission of greenhouse gases generated in commercial buildings.



Exchanging half of a building’s electrical lighting for mark power Fiber Optic Solar Lighting can lower the energy costs by 20 – 25 percent and the emission of greenhouse gases by 10 – 15 percent.

Sun Tracking Optical Fresnel lens is used to collect the sun light from the roof top.

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 50 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

DATA CENTRE MONITORING - SERVER CLIENT PC DATA RETRIVAL from the DATABASE CELL PHONE DATA RETRIVAL from the DATABASE

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 51 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Centr al ized DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Data Center Monitoring System

Menu Based Data Centre Monitoring / Control

IL1 IL2 IL3

L1

Centralized Data Centre Monitoring Panel

Office

Note Book

PDA

BIL L 0 0 2 0 3 5 4 5 67

Emergency Message

Internet Server

B IL L 00 2 0 3 545 67

GSM/GPRS GATEWAY

GPRS

ON-LINE

E-MAIL Server DATA RETRIVE

HISTORY SETTING

DATA EXCHANGE

TREND

DATA STORAGE

ALARM EVENT REPORT

DATA PROCESS DATA MIRRORING

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 52 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL DATA SYSTEM

CENTRE

MONITORING

AND

REPORTING

The acquired data shall be transferred to the Data Centre Monitoring Data Base server and the same shall be retrieved by the various departments using PC through Client Data Centre Monitoring Software, through the internet or campus wide network. The remote department Client PC database shall be synchronized with the Data Centre Monitoring Data Base.

Ethernet Bus

Client PC

Client PC

Internet

Remote PC

MySQL, MicrosoftSQL Oracle MSAccessetc.

Remote Data Base Synchronization All the data acquired from the data centre monitoring system etc. shall be stored in the Data Centre Monitoring Data Base Server database . The same data base information shall be accessed with the help of internet or campus wide connection by the remote client PC. The remote client PC data base shall be synchronized with the Data Centre Monitoring Data Base server database. Only the change-in data shall be updated in the respective remote client database. Due to this the data exchange in the internet or campus

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DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL wide network is minimized, indirectly this will reduce the data transfer rate.

Graphical Analyzing The data shall be retrieved from the local database and the user can view any type of graphical representation like curve, bar chart, plot etc. or table type viewing. User can select the different parameter and compare the trend /maximum minimum values, alarm, trip, warning, outage etc. with the help of graphical representation. Set Alarm / Trip Level User can set the alarm / trip values of individual or all the parameters with the help of user name and password. Real Time Trend All the acquired data shall be time synchronized with the help of network time stamping. Due to this acquired data value shall be very accurate with time stamping. And this type of real time data helps the user to analyze the various parameters at critical time or failure/trip/warning analysis. History of the data All acquired data shall be available in the local data base with date / time stamping, user can retrieve the date/time stamped data (various parameters) for further analysis.

Temp & Humidity Trend

MySQL, MicrosoftSQL Oracle MSAccessetc.

History Alarm Trip

Application Software

On-Line Monitor

Setting

Better Forecast The history of the available information in the data base helps the user to forecast the preventive maintenance/ replacement of devices etc. © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 54 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

SMS ALARM, TRIP MESSAGES Using GSM interface to the server, the alarm/warning, trip message is transmitted to the field personnel to attend the fault immediately.

Data Centre Monitoring Feeder Details UPS Battery Air Conditioner Humidity Temperature

M enu

CELL PHONE BASED DATABASE SERVER

INFORMATION

RETRIEVAL

Options

FROM

THE

The stored data in the Data Centre Monitoring Data Base Server shall be retrieved by the data centre monitoring software, which is very useful tool for the end user to retrieve the various parameters of various device parameters and compare the trend /maximum minimum values, alarm, trip, warning, outage etc. Graphical Front End Data Centre Monitoring Software front end shall be graphical interface helps user to navigate the menus/ keys that are user friendly, at the same time the user feels the comfort when he browses the various pages. Authentication © Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 55 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL Only the authorized person shall be able to access the central database. Various level of security layers helps user to protect the central database server access for unauthorized user. Viewing Report User after selecting the required devices shall be retrieved from the Data centre Monitoring Database Server. The user shall view the parameters of various devices and compare the trend /maximum minimum values, alarm, trip, warning, outage etc. User can select and view the various report available in the database through TCP/IP data socket connection. History Report User can view the daily, weekly, monthly report. The maximum, minimum and average value of all parameter is simply retrieved by the user by selecting the user friendly menus.

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 56 of 57

DATA CENTRE MONITORING / CONTROL

© Copyright 2008 MAK POWER. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice. Page 57 of 57