Danh Phap Huu Co

IUPAC nomenclature = danh phap thay the

Danh phap goc chuc + ten thong thuong

- Halogen: Goc hydrocarbon + (halogen + ide)

- Amine: -amine

halide - Ether:

Mach chinh

Nhánh

So chi Tien to so lg Ten nhanh (tên goc) vi tri - Hydrocarbon: Tiep dau ngu chi slg carbon + tiep vi ngu do bat bao hoa + yl

1-methyl-3-(2-methylbut-3-en-1yl)benzene - Halogen: + "o" VD: chloro, bromo, fluoro, iodo. dibromomethane CH2Br2 Br Br 1,2-dibromoethane - Ether: goc hydrocarbon - yl + oxy O - Amine, amide: N-goc ethoxybenzene - Alcol: -hydroxy - Amine: amino - Aldehyde: acyl - Ketone: - oxo - Acid carboxylic: carboxy

Tiep dau ngu Tiep vi ngu chi chi so luong carbon do bat bao hoa - 1C: met(h)- No: - an(e) - 2C: et(h)- 1 noi doi: - (vi tri) + en(e) - 3C: prop- nhieu noi doi: - "a" + (vi tri)+ - 4C: but(tien to so luong) + en(e) - 5C: pent- 1 noi ba: - (vi tri) + (y)in(e) - 6C: hex- nhieu noi ba: - "a" + (vi tri) + - 7C: hept(tien to so luong) + (y)in(e) - 8C: oct- 9C: non-10C: dec- 11C: undec- 12C: dodecMach carbon vong: -cyclo + tiep dau ngu

Cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene = benzene

HOOC bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6-carboxylic acid Bicyclo[a.b.c] + tiep dau ngu chi so carbon + do bat bao hoa a: so luong dinh cua vong to - 2 b: so luong dinh cua vong nho - 2 c: so luong carbon tren cau Cach danh so: a>b>c + so 1 bat dau tu chan cau --> vong to --> vong nho + khong chay vong so 8 1 10 3

O COOH

9

2

5 4

8 6 7

acid butandioic O Ethan-1,2-dicarboxylic acid COOH O HOOC ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Nhom chuc - tiep vi ngu O (Functional groups) - Halogen: Khong co - Amine: (vi tri) + (tien to so luong) + amine ??? - Alcol: (vi tri) + (tien to so luong) + -ol ionone - Ether: Khong co - Ketone: (vi tri) + (tien to so luong) + -on - Aldehyde: + Mach ho, CHO tinh vao mach chinh: (di) + -al + CHO khong tinh vao mach chinh: (vi tri) + (tien to so luong) + carbaldehyde - Acid carboxylic: + Mach ho, COOH tinh vao mach chinh: acid (di) + -oic (acid) + COOH khong tinh vao mach chinh: (vi tri) + (tien to so luong) + carboxylic - Ester: (Phan acid)COO-(phan ruou) [Goc ruou + ten acid - (o)ic + at(e)] O NH N H CH3

N-methylbenzamide N-ethyl-3-methylhexan-2-amine 1-(sec-butyl)-3-ethylbenzene

Thu tu uu tien --> Cach danh so: Danh so lam sao cho 1) Nhom chuc la nho nhat but-1-en-3-yne - Hop chat da chuc: di theo quy uoc 2) Do bat bao hoa la nho nhat - Chat co noi doi hoac ba: 2: ene; 3: in, yne -> uu tien alphabet 3) Nhanh la nho nhat - Nhieu nhanh: uu tien alphabet 4) Theo quy uoc cua mach chinh, VD: bicyclo, spiro,...

4)

COOH 1,6,9-trimethylspiro[4.5]decane Spiro[a.b] + tiep dau ngu chi so carbon + do bat bao hoa a: so luong dinh cua vong nho - 1 b: so luong dinh cua vong to - 1 a>b Cach danh so: + so 1 bat dau tu carbon ke dinh chung tren vong nho --> vong nho --> vong to + khong chay vong so 8

3-oxobutanoic acid COOH

COOH 4-(carboxymethyl)benzoic acid isopropyl

N

CHO

n-butyl Cl

3-ethyl-N,N,5-trimethylaniline

I

sec-butyl

3-chloro-4-iodo-5-methylbenzaldehyde O

tert-butyl H2N isobutyl

H N

H3C OH

O

CH3 O

quy O 5 4

6

neopentyl

H3C

- Carboxylic: goc ten thong thuong + yl

N H

O

CH3

methyl methylcarbamate

COOH

H3C

N H

2

3

1

CH3

1,3-dimethylurea

2

COOH

O phthaloyl dichloride

O phthalaldehyde

O phthalamide

(Danh so sai) OH

O succinO

valer-

O glutar-

OH

propynoic acid

O

benz(o)

O

adip-

O

O OH

NH2 NH2

6

O

OH

O H H

Cl Cl

5

COOH

O

O O

1

6

CHO

O

2

3 4

2-phenylacetic acid

2-formylbenzoic acid

CH3

2-hydroxy-6-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid OH 5 6-hydroxy-2-methylcyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid O O O H2N formH R carbam(o)O O Goc ten thong thuong acetH3C oxalO O O O O OH propionmalonpropiolic acid O O O butyr4

propionic acid N H

1

CHO

CH3

OH

O

bicyclo, spiro,...

OH 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-oxohex-5-enal

carbamic acid O

3

,

benzoic acid

NH2 benzamide

O

O

O O

O

O

OH

OH

O O phthal(o)-

O isophthal(o)-

O terephthal(o)-

3-benzylbenzoic acid

3-benzoylbenzoic acid