Cover Page Journal Iaapc

Indian Journal of

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL VOL. IX

No. 1

March 2009 CONTENTS

From the Editor’s Desk A Report from the Secretary Instructions for Authors for Submission of Manuscripts

Contributed Papers 1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Town Planning Strategies to Reduce Air Pollution: European Guidelines, Approaches, Experiences and Experiments Prof. Arch. Tullis Cigni Contribution of Vehicular Activity to Air Pollution in Hyderabad, India: Measurements, Chemistry and analysis Sarath K. GuttiKunda and rakesh Aggarwal Performance Evaluation of AERMOD and ADMS Urban Models in a Tropical Urban Environment Manju Mohan, Shweta Bhati and Pallavi Marrapu Role of IAAPC for Better Air Quality S.P. Singal Isopleths of SO2 in the Neighbourhood of T.P.S. II at Neyveli S. Palanivelraja and M.P. Choikalingam Optimization of Injection Timing and Pressure of Stationary C.I. Engine Operated on Pre-Heated Karanj-Diesel Blend Satish Kumar sharma, Dilip Sharma and S.L. Soni Monitoring Noise Levels at Selected Cities in Northern India D. Saha, K. Kumar, F. Rahman, D. Gautam, K.P. Rathi, A. Kumar and S.D. Makhijani Meteorological Considerations in Environmental protection of Large Building Construction Projects B. Padmanabhamurty Oily Droplets in Ambient Air of Shillong

S.C. Katiyar and G.D. Agrawal 10.

Defining Aerosols by Physical and chemical Characteristics Shandilya Kaushik K., and Khare Mukesh 1. Report on the Proceedings of the Workshop “Air Pollution and Human Health”, held on 23.09. 2008. 2. Report and Recommendations of the Workshop “Evolving Strategies for Improving Air Quality in Indian Cities”, held on 01.10. 2008.

Published by

Indian Association for Air Pollution Control (Delhi Chapter)

A- 271, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase - I, New Delhi – 110020 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.iaapc.in

Indian Journal of

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL VOL. IX

No. 1

March 2009

CONTENTS From the Editor’s Desk A Report from the Secretary Instructions for Authors for Submission of Manuscripts

Contributed Papers 1 . 2 . 3 .

Town Planning Strategies to Reduce Air Pollution: European Guidelines, Approaches, Experiences and Experiments Prof. Arch. Tullis Cigni Contribution of Vehicular Activity to Air Pollution in Hyderabad, India: Measurements, Chemistry and analysis Sarath K. GuttiKunda and rakesh Aggarwal Performance Evaluation of AERMOD and ADMS Urban Models in a Tropical Urban Environment Manju Mohan, Shweta Bhati and Pallavi Marrapu Role of IAAPC for Better Air Quality S.P. Singal

4 . 5 Isopleths of SO2 in the Neighbourhood of T.P.S. II at Neyveli S. Palanivelraja and M.P. Choikalingam . 6. Optimization of Injection Timing and Pressure of Stationary C.I. Engine Operated on Pre-Heated Karanj-Diesel Blend Satish Kumar sharma, Dilip Sharma and S.L. Soni 7. Monitoring Noise Levels at Selected Cities in Northern India D. Saha, K. Kumar, F. Rahman, D. Gautam, K.P. Rathi, A. Kumar and S.D. Makhijani 8. Meteorological Considerations in Environmental protection of Large Building Construction Projects B. Padmanabhamurty 9. Oily Droplets in Ambient Air of Shillong

S.C. Katiyar and G.D. Agrawal

10

1 37 47 63 71 79 90 99 103

Defining Aerosols by Physical and chemical Characteristics 107 Shandilya Kaushik K., and Khare Mukesh 1. Report on the Proceedings of the Workshop “Air Pollution and 127 Human Health”, held on 23.09. 2008. 2. Report and Recommendations of the Workshop “Evolving Strategies for Improving Air Quality in Indian Cities”, held on 01.10. 2008.

Published by: INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

Indian Association for Air Pollution Control

(Delhi Chapter) A-271, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase-I, INDIAN ASSOCIATION FOR AIRWeb POLLUTION CONTROL New Delhi – 110020; E-mail: [email protected]; site: www.iaapc.in (Delhi Chapter)

Indian Association for Air Pollution Control (Delhi Chapter)

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE President National Vice-President Vice-Presidents (4)

Prof Dilip K. Biswas Dr B. Sengupta Dr H.K. Parwana Dr B. Padmanabhamurthy Dr T.K. Joshi Dr Malti Goel Secretary General Shri S.K. Gupta Treasurer Dr Rajendra Prasad Editor-in-Chief Dr S.P. Singal Editors (2) Dr Nasim Akhtar Dr S.K. Tyagi Managing Committee Members Dr Pramila Goel Dr Mukesh Khare Dr Keyur Shah Dr Sanchita Jindal Dr Kafil Ahmad Dr Krishan Pal Dr Manju Mohan Dr Prashant Gargava Dr Chandra Prakash Dr Manju Raina Dr A.K. Bhattacharya (Special Invitee) Dr P.C. Jha (Special Invitee) Regional Invited Members Lucknow Dr M.M. Lal Patiala Dr Charanjit Singh Chandigarh Dr Rajesh Kumar Meerut Dr A.K. Shukla Kanpur Dr Mukesh Sharma

 Views expressed in the journal are those of the authors and Indian Association of Air Pollution Control may not necessarily subscribe to them  Any part of the articles published in the journal can be reproduced by proper acknowledgement to IJAPC. A copy should be sent to IJAPC.  The journal is for restricted circulation to the members of the association.

From the Editor’s Desk The March 2009 issue of Volume IX of the Journal of the Indian Association of Air Pollution Control, Delhi Chapter is now in your hands. This issue is constituted of 10 papers. Two of these papers were presented in the workshop “Evolving Strategies for Improving Air Quality in Indian Cities”, organized at CRRI, Delhi by IAAPC on 01.10. 2008. The first paper presented by Prof. Cigni discussed town planning strategies to reduce air pollution in European cities. The guidelines followed in Europe, approaches, experiences and experiments carried out by the author are described in the article with a view that suitable ones may be adopted in India. In the paper presented by Dr GuttiKunda entitled Contribution of Vehicular Activity to Air Pollution Problem in Hyderabad City is discussed. In the article on modeling in a tropical urban environment, Prof. Manju Mohan has discussed performance evaluation of AERMOD and ADMS urban models. The article “Role of IAAPC for better air quality” was presented by Dr Singal in the Better Air Quality Conference held at Bangkok during 10 – 14 November 2008. He, Dr Parwana and Dr S.K. Tyagi had participated in this conference. In another paper Dr Padmanabhamurty has discussed meteorological considerations in environmental protection in the construction of large buildings. The paper on defining aerosols describes in detail their physical and chemical characteristics while listing the problems encountered in aerosol studies. The rest of the papers describe their respective research experiences in various areas related to air pollution problems. Apart from the workshop organized on 01.10 2008, the Association had also organized another half day workshop on “Air Pollution and Human Health” on the Annual Day of the Association on 23.09. 2008. The reports of these workshops are a part of this issue of the journal. Many papers dealing with the various aspects of the subjects were presented during these workshops. All the papers projected a high standard of research being carried out in our country. A memorial lecture in the memory of Prof. Nilay Choudhary was an important part of the Annual Day. This is also a day of the foundation of Central Pollution Control Board and thus the memorial lecture is organized every year in association with CPCB. Prof. Nilay Choudhary was the founder chairman of CPCB. This year the memorial lecture was delivered by Padam Shree Sushri Sunita Narain, Director, Centre for Science & Environment. The topic of her talk was “Second Generation Reform in India’s Environmental Movement – Moving Beyond the Easy and the Ordinary”. We thank our contributors for their patronization of our journal and request to all our scientific workers very earnestly to keep sending their original manuscripts related to the various aspects of the subject of air pollution for publication in the journal. The manuscript may be sent either to the Chief Editor or to the Secretary of the Association at the earliest possible so that it may be processed (reviewed, resubmitted, and finally edited) well in time for publication.

S. P. Singal e-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Tel: 011-26857837; 9868167837 (M)

Instructions for Authors The Indian Journal of Air Pollution Control aims to focus attention on all problems and their solutions related to the subject of air pollution. Authors wishing to have their papers published in the journal are requested to send their manuscripts to the Chief Editor c/o Envirotech Instruments (P) Ltd., A–271, Okhla Industrial Area – Phase I, New Delhi – 110020 (e-mail address: [email protected]). Three copies (original plus two copies) of the paper must be submitted. Two reviewers will review the manuscripts. All correspondence regarding the manuscript will be made with the first author unless specified. Articles reporting current R & D and in-depth studies on subjects of current interest are welcomed. Submission of the manuscript for publication in the journal will imply that it has not been previously published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and further that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere. We shall particularly wish to encourage papers that are likely to be of interest to more than one professional group, either because the work is fundamental or because it reflects the best in current technology or it offers extensive critical reviews, especially of subjects of interest in the country. Papers on developments in Indian technology must pay special attention to the problems peculiar to the country. The editors assume no responsibility for the statements and opinions expressed by individual authors. All parts of the script must be typed single-spaced on one side of the white bond paper of A-4 size. A 4 cm margin must be provided for insertion of printer’s instructions. Title page must contain the title of the paper, the initials and names of the authors and the name and address of the institution where the work was done and a brief running title of not more than 50 letter spaces. The title should be as concise as possible, generally no more than two lines. If necessary for clarity, a glossary of mathematical symbols may be included under an unnumbered heading ‘Notation’ after the acknowledgements. Abstract must be informative and not just indicative, and must contain the significant results reported in the paper. Keywords, not more than six in number, may be provided for indexing and information retrieval. The text must be divided into sections, generally starting with ‘Introduction’ and ending with ‘Conclusions’. The main text should be followed by a list of references. Tables with legends must be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals in the order of occurrence in the text. They should be self-contained and have a descriptive title. Figures, in black and white, with suitable captions, should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals in the order of occurrence in the text. Equations must be written clearly, each on its own line, well away from the text but punctuated to read with it. Units and associated symbols must invariably follow SI practice. Footnotes must be avoided. Appendices if any should be labeled A, B etc., in order of appearance. A copy of the original tables and figures must be sent separately. References should be cited in the text by author’s name and year, not by number. If there are more than two authors, references should be made in the name of the first author followed by et al in the text. References at the end of the paper should be listed alphabetically by author’s names, followed by initials, year of publication, title of the paper, name of the journal, volume number and page numbers. Reference to books should include name(s) of author(s), initials, year of publication, title of the book, edition if not the first, initials and name(s) of editor(s) if any, place of publication, publisher, and chapter or pages referred to. Reference to thesis, must include the year, the title of the thesis, the degree for which submitted and the University. The reviewed manuscript (hard copy) along with its copy on the floppy disc/CD (alternately e–mail copy) in the prescribed format must be resubmitted for consideration of publication within three months of the receipt of the referee’s comments. In the final copy, A4 (297X 210mm) size, margin should be as follows: top 25 mm; bottom 30 mm; sides 20mm. Paper title should be in

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