Copy Of Copy Of English Reformation

English Reformation

Henry VIII (1509-1547)

From Papal Catholicism to Catholicism

Henry VIII - A Break with Rome

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▪ Henry VIII

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Henry VIII wanted to divorced Catherine of Aragon: no male heir Fallen in love with Anne Boleyn He was a Roman Catholic: Catholic law does not permit divorce. He asked the pope to annul, or cancel, his marriage but it was declined (didn’t want to offend the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V who was Catherine’s nephew) Henry ordered the English archbishops Thomas Cranmer to grant him a divorce Lead to England breaking away from Roman Catholic church.

Catherine

Anne Boleyn

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Married Anne Boleyn in 1533 and gave birth to a daughter named Elizabeth. In 1534 Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy, making Henry the Supreme Head of the Church of England. ▫ Many loyal Catholics disagree and are executed for *treason. The break with Rome was complete. 1n 1536: The Act of Dissolution closed 560 English monasteries and gave their lands and holdings to the kings. 1539 - The Six Articles defined the doctrine and practice of the English Church. They retained many Catholic elements but Henry was still the head. * Treason- the crime of betraying one's country (กบฏ)

Edward VI (1547-1553)

From Catholicism to Protestantism

Edward VI - Protestant to the Core

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When his father, Henry VIII died, he became the successor which he was only ten years old at that time Images and many Catholic symbols, including the crucifix and holy water, were removed from English churches. In 1549, The Book of Common Prayer was introduced: presented the religious services in English rather than Latin, and established a simpler *liturgy that was more like Lutheran worship. 1549 - A new Act of Uniformity required everyone to use the Book of Common Prayer. England was fast becoming more and more Protestant. 1552 - The Book of Common Prayer received revision that stripped off more Catholic elements Died in 1553.

*Liturgy- A form of religious worship (พิธีสวดมนต)

Mary Tudor: “Bloody Mary” (1553-1558)

From Protestantism to Papal Catholicism

Mary I - Catholic to the Core

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Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. Mary’s goal was to restore Catholic doctrine and practice. The population disagreed with the marriage of Mary and Philip, because they had no wish to be governed by a foreigner. In 1554: She got married with Philip II of Spain: cementing alliance with the Catholic country 1555-1558: About 287 Protestants were burned at the stake as she wanted to get rid Protestant influence; she earned a nickname. Died in 1558.

Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

From Papal Catholicism to Protestantism

Elizabeth I- Restore Protestant

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After the death of Mary, the throne is passed to Elizabeth I, the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. (Even though she was declared illegitimate.) She had to determine the future of the Church in England and later she reforms the Elizabethan Settlement. ▫ It’s the policies that compromise between Protestant and Catholic Practices. ▫ She used her skills to restore unity to England and made England a firmly protestant nation. Supreme Governor asserted Elizabeth’s right as “Supreme Governor” over all affairs.

Cause and Long term effect

Immediate Causes

Long-term Causes

Immediate effects

Long-term effects

The selling of indulgences causes Martin Luther to post the 95 Theses

Roman Catholic Church becomes more worldly

Founding of Lutheran, Calvinist, Anglican, Presbyterian and other Protestant Churches

Roman Catholic Churches launch reforms

(list of statements and questions towards Catholic Church)

Printing press spreads the 95 Theses

Inquisition (investigation) tracks down heresies (people who challenged the Church)

Connected to Puritan New England

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Puritans was the name given in the 16th century to more extreme Protestants

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The process began in the 1530s, when King Henry VIII rejected papal authority and transformed the Church of Rome into a state Church of England.

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They thought the Church of England was still too much like the Roman Catholic church; wanted to purify their national church by eliminating every shred of Catholic influence.

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They were persecuted and migrated to North America

5 Important Facts ● ●

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One of causes for the English Reformation was that Henry VIII want to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon. Another reason was because Henry wanted to control the lands that belonged to the Church. The Church was rich. Henry thought that if he was in power of the church he would be richer (and gain power) The English Reformation was part of the Protestant Reformation; led to some Christian churches in Europe breaking away from Rome. When Henry VIII died, his son Edward VI assumed the throne. The country turned protestant. When Edward VI died, Mary I assumed the throne and officially reverted England back to Catholicism. After she dies, Elizabeth I came up reached successful compromises between Catholics and Protestants. The use of the printing press allowed the ideas of Luther and John Calvin to spread quickly.