Controller Output Guide

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Controller Output Comparison Guide I want to switch… I want to control…

Controller Output

• • • •

Solenoid coil/valve Mercury displacement relay (MDR) Electromechanical relay General purpose contactor

Solid state relay, Form A, with RC suppression

• • • • •

AC input solid state relay (SSR) AC input solid state contactor High impedance load, typ.≥ 5kΩ Piezoelectric buzzer Indicator lamps

Solid state relay, Form A, without contact suppression

Output Life

Electromechanical relay, Form A,

• Various devices in on-off mode (high impedance or inductive devices with coils suppressed) • Indicator lamps • Small heaters • AC input solid state contactor

Electromechanical relay, Form A, without contact suppression

• A safety limit circuit with contactor, electromechanical relay or mercury displacement relay (MDR)

Electromechanical relay, Form A or B, with RC suppression

N/A

• A safety limit circuit with contactor, electromechanical relay or mercury displacement relay (MDR)

Electromechanical relay, Form C, without RC suppression

N/A

• • • •

Various devices in on-off mode Indicator lamps Small heaters AC input solid state contactor

Electromechanical relay, Form A or B, without contact suppression

• • • • • •

Various devices in on-off mode Solenoid coil/valve Mercury displacement relay (MDR) Electromechanical relay General purpose contactor Pilot duty relays

Electromechanical relay, Form C, with RC suppression

• Various devices in on-off mode (high impedance or inductive devices with coils suppressed) • Indicator lamps • Small heaters • AC input solid state contactor

Electromechanical relay, Form C, without contact suppression

• DC input solid state relay (SSR) • PLC-dc input • Low voltage panel lamp

Switched dc, isolated

• DC input solid state relay (SSR) • PLC-dc input • Low voltage panel lamp

Switched dc, non-isolated

• DC input solid state relay (SSR) • PLC-dc input • Low voltage panel lamp

Open collector, isolated

Controller Output Comparison Guide

• Various devices in on-off mode with RC suppression

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Controller Output Comparison Guide I want to switch… I want to control…

Output Life

Controller Output

• • • •

Phase-angle or burst fire SCR 0-20mAÎ(dc)a valve positioner Cascade control Other instruments

Process 0-20mAÎ(dc), non-isolated

• • • •

Phase-angle or burst fire SCR 4-20mAÎ(dc) valve positioner Cascade control Other instruments

Process 4-20mAÎ(dc), non-isolated

• • • •

Multiple SCRs, phase-angle or burst fire 0-5VÎ(dc) valve positioner Cascade control Other instruments

Process 0-5VÎ(dc), non-isolated

• • • • •

Multiple SCRs, phase-angle or burst fire 0-5VÎ(dc), 1-5VÎ(dc) or 0-10VÎ(dc) valve positioner Cascade control Other instruments

Process 0-5VÎ(dc), 1-5VÎ(dc), 0-10VÎ(dc), 0-20mAÎ(dc), 4-20mAÎ(dc), isolated

• • • •

Multiple SCRs, phase-angle or burst fire 0-10VÎ(dc) valve positioner Cascade control Other instruments

Process 0-10VÎ(dc), non-isolated

• Sensor transmitters • Ancillary devices

Power supply, 5, 12 or 20VÎ(dc) @ 30mA

N/A

Retransmit/Alarms • • • •

1 or 2 devices, impedance dependent Chart recorder Master-remote (slave) system Data logging device

0-20mAÎ(dc), 4-20mAÎ(dc), non-isolated

• • • •

1 or 2 devices, impedance dependent Chart recorder Master-remote (slave) system Data logging device

4-20mAÎ(dc), non-isolated

• • • •

Multiple devices, impedance dependent Chart recorder Master-remote (slave) system Data logging device

0-5VÎ(dc), non-isolated

• • • •

Multiple devices, impedance dependent Chart recorder Master-remote (slave) system Data logging device

0-5VÎ(dc), 1-5VÎ(dc), 1-10VÎ(dc), Isolated

• Various devices in on-off mode with RC suppression

Electromechanical relay, Form A or B

• Various devices in on-off mode without RC suppression

Electromechanical relay, Form C

• Various devices in on-off mode without RC suppression

Electromechanical relay, Form A

Best Life a

Better Life Good Life 226

b

Watlow power controller process inputs calibrated for 4-20mA unless otherwise specified with order. Standard output, no option code.

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Power Controller Comparison Guide Power Controller Characteristics Initial Cost

3 Year Cost a

Control Life

Electromechanical Relay and Contactor Low for low Highest Limited current electrical and mechanical

Heater Life

EMI Generation

Control

Response Rate

Options

Comments

Shortest

Yes, coil and contacts

Poor

Slowest

None

To extend life the cycle time is normally extended to 30 seconds or more.

Good

Minimal

Good

Fast

None

240VÅ(ac) maximum

High

Good

Yes, coil and contact

Fair to good

Medium to fast

None

Mercury is not desirable. Minimum cycle time is two seconds. Position sensitive.

Extended

Extended

Minimal with burst fire

Good

Fast

None

Excellent control with one second cycle time. Requires heatsink.

SCR Solid State Contactor Medium Low Extended

Extended

Minimal

Good

Fast

None

Excellent control with one second cycle time.

SCR Burst Firing High Low

Extended

Longest

Minimal

Excellent

Fastest

None

Fastest variable time base unit.

SCR Phase-Angle Firing High Lowest Extended

Longest

High

Excellent

Fastest

Current limit

Required for tungsten elements, transformers, or for current limiting.

Saturable Core Reactor Highest Low

Longest

Minimal

Very good

Fast

Current limit

Cannot be turned full on or off, inefficient.

E-SAFE RELAY® Low Medium

High

Mercury Displacement Relay (MDR) Low for Medium low to medium current Solid State Relay (SSR) Medium Medium

heater replacement and lost production.

Power Controller Quick Selection Chart Amps 18 to 100A

Power Controller DIN-A-MITE®

Firing Mode

Electric Heating Element Type

Features

Agency Approvals

Burst fire, variable time base Phase-angle firingc

Nichrome™ wire Four models meet power, budget and feature requirements. Same footprint as popular MDRs. Otherb Convenient DIN-rail mounting.

UL® 508 listed,C-UL® up to 100 amps and CE with proper filter

150 to 1000A QPAC

Burst fire, variable time base Phase-angle firing

Nichrome™ wire Modular design incorporating plug-in cards for contactor, burst fire, variable time base, Otherb or phase angle. Quick delivery.

UL® 508 listed and C-UL® up to 300A

10 to 75A

SSR

VÅ(ac) or VÎ(dc), burst fire contactor input

Nichrome™ wire Low cost, requires heatsink. Heatsink and over-temperature protection recommended. Stocked for same day shipment.

UL® 873 Recognized, CSA Certified and VDE 0805

18 to 50A

CZR

Contactor input

Nichrome™ wire Compact electrically. Touch safe package. Convenient DIN-rail mounting.

UL® 508 listed CSA Certified, VDE, CE

65 to 250A

POWER SERIES

Burst fire, Variable time base Phase-angle firingc

Nichrome™ wire Microprocessor-based heater diagnostics. Otherb RS-232/485 communications. Heater bakeout feature.

UL® 508 listed C-UL®, VDE 50178, CE

20-40A

E-SAFE RELAY®

Contactor Nichrome™ wire Touch safe, long contact life. 24VÅ(ac), 120VÅ(ac) Mercury free. and 220VÅ(ac) Fast cycling.

Controller Output Comparison Guide

a Includes

Extended

UL® 508 listed C-UL®

b Heating

elements that change resistance value over time and temperature, i.e; silicone carbide and tungsten. angle fire up to 65 amps. Single phase only. Not CE approved. Nichrome™ is a trademark of Driver-Harris Company. c Phase

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Ranges and Tolerances Thermocouples ANSI Tolerances In 1969, nomenclature of the American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) superseded previously used ISA designations. Reference Junction 0 °C (32 °F) Thermocouple Type B E J K N R or S T Cryogenic Range Eb Kb Tb a

2

The standard and special tolerances in this table come from ANSI Circular MC96.1-1982. The standard and special tolerances stated apply only to the temperature ranges listed for each thermocouple type.

Cd

CP W5Re (Tungsten 5% Rhenium) CN W26Re (Tungsten 26% Rhenium)

Dd

DP W3Re (Tungsten 3% Rhenium) DN W25Re (Tungsten 25% Rhenium)

E

EP Chromel®, Tophel®, HAI-KP® EN Constantan, Cupron®, Advance®

J

JP Iron JN Constantan, Cupron, Advance

K

KP Chromel, Tophel, HAI-KP KN Alumel®, Nail®, HAI-KN®

N

NP Nicrosil NN Nisil

Standard Special whichever is greater

870 to 1700 1598 to 3092 0 to 900 32 to 1652 0 to 750 32 to 1382 0 to 1250 32 to 2282 0 to 1250 32 to 2282 0 to 1450 32 to 2642 0 to 350 32 to 662

± 0.5% ± 1.7 °C or ± 0.5% ± 2.2 °C or ± 0.75% ± 2.2 °C or ± 0.75% ± 2.2 °C or ± 0.75% ± 1.5 °C or ± 0.25% ± 1.0 °C or ± 0.75%

-328 to 32 -328 to 32 -328 to 32

Where tolerances are given in percent, the percentage applies to the temperature being measured in degrees Celsius. For example, the standard tolerance of Type J is ± 0.75 percent. If the temperature being measured is 538°C, the tolerance is ± 0.75 percent of 538°C, or ± 4.0°C. To determine the tolerance in degrees Fahrenheit, multiply the tolerance in degrees Celsius times 1.8. Thermocouples and thermocouple material are normally supplied to meet the tolerances specified in the table for the normal specified range. The same materials, however, may not fall within the cryogenic tolerances in the second section of the table. Tolerances indicated in this

ANSI T/C Popular Generic Letter Leg and Trade Names B BP Platinum 30% Rhodium BN Platinum 6% Rhodium

Tolerancesa

Temperature Range °C °F

-200 to 0 -200 to 0 -200 to 0

Letter Designations

± 1.0 °C or ± 0.4% ± 1.1 °C or ± 0.4% ± 1.1 °C or ± 0.4% ± 1.1 °C or ± 0.4% ± 0.6 °C or ± 0.1% ± 0.5 °C or ± 0.4% 3

± 1.7 °C or ± 1% ± 2.2 °C or ± 2% ± 1.0 °C or ± 1.5%

3

Pt 2d

3

R

RP Platinum 13% Rhodium RN Pure Platinum

S

SP Platinum 10% Rhodium SN Pure Platinum

T

TP Copper TN Constantan, Cupron, Advance

3

table are not necessarily an indication of the accuracy of temperature measurements in use after initial heating of the materials. Little information is available to justify establishing special tolerances for cryogenic temperatures. Limited experience suggests the following tolerances for Types E and T thermocouples: Type E -200 to 0 °C ±1.0 °C or ±0.5% (whichever is greater) Type T -200 to 0 °C ±0.5 °C or ±0.8% (whichever is greater) Due to the characteristics of the materials, cryogenic tolerances for Type J thermocouples and special cryogenic

d

PTP Platinel® 5355 PTN Platinel® 7674

tolerances for Type K thermocouples are not listed. Not an ANSI symbol.

Cupron®, Nial® and Tophel® are registered trademarks of Carpenter Technology. Advance®, HAI-KP® and HAI-KN® are registered trademarks of Harrison Alloys Co. Chromel® and Alumel® are registered trademarks of Hoskins Manufacturing Company. Platinel® is a registered trademark of the Engelhard Corporation.

RTDs RTD Tolerance Class Definitions The two equations below define tolerances for platinum DIN Class A and B RTDs, where [t] is the actual temperature of the platinum elements. JIS tolerances are the same as DIN tolerances. DIN class A:

±(0.15 + 0.002 [t°C])

DIN class B:

±(0.30 + 0.005 [t°C])

Base resistance: Temperature Coefficient of Resistance (TCR):

100Ω @ 0°C

Table of Tolerance Valuese Temperature (°C) -200 -100 0 100 200

Resistance Value Ω 18.49 60.25 100.00 138.50 175.84

300 400 500 600 650

212.02 247.04 280.90 313.59 329.51

0.00385 Ω/Ω/°C (DIN-IEC-761) 0.003916 Ω/Ω/°C (JIS 1604-1981)

For more information on thermocouples and RTDs…plus thermistors and more, order your Watlow Sensors catalog using the postcard in the back of this 228 catalog.

e

Tolerance DIN-IEC-761 Class A Class B °C (Ω) °C (Ω) ±0.55 (±0.24) ±1.3 (±0.56) ±0.35 (±0.14) ±0.8 (±0.32) ±0.15 (±0.06) ±0.3 (±0.12) ±0.35 (±0.13) ±0.8 (±0.30) ±0.55 (±0.20) ±1.3 (±0.48) ±0.75 ±0.95 ±1.15 ±1.35 ±1.45

(±0.27) (±0.33) (±0.38) (±0.43) (±0.46)

±1.8 ±2.3 ±2.8 ±3.3 ±3.6

(±0.64) (±0.79) (±0.93) (±1.06) (±1.13)

Tolerance values applicable to JIS Curve 0.003916 (JIS 1604-1981).