Constitution Of India

Constitution of India

Basic Structure of Indian Economy:

The structure of Indian economy is basically dependent upon two things: 1. Rights

2. Duties

Rights here implies the fundamental rights of any indian citizen which start right from the date of birth of a person and it continues even after the death of a person i.e. the decent funeral of a person.

Article 21: Article 19:

Start before birth which end till funeral of a person. Right of freedom of expression.

Framing of Constitution of India$5

B.R. Ambedkar was the chairman of drafting committee of constitution of drafting committee of constitution of India. Constitutional committee was consisting of 299 members in 1947 where some seats were reserved for low castes also. Then the discussions were made during the period regarding the constitution for 2 year 11 months 18 days. Cabinet minister plan:

1946

Total Articles

: 395

Total schedule

: 12

Total parts

: 24

The constitute assemble held its first meeting on december 9, 1946 and elected Dr. Sachidanand Sinha as its provisional head (president) and its permanent president was Dr. Rajendra Prasad on December 11, 1946 There were two separate constituent assembly for india & Pakistan and there were 13 committee were consitituted & 14th committee was drafting committee of constitution which finally made the constitution of india headed by B.R. Ambedkar. The draft of constitution of India is signed on January 24, 1950 and it came into force on January 26, 1950. The major part of constitution on january 20, 1950 but in totalitiy, it came into force on january 26, 1950. E.g. citizenship election etc. Govt. of India Act, 1935 (75% of the constitution of India is taken from the act & remaining is taken from : 1. Fundamental rights, USA 2. DPSP: Directive Principle of State Policy, Ireland 3. Rule of law: UK 4. Fundamental duties : ussr 5. Republic equality, liberty, fraternity: france 6. Lists from australia. We had taken three list from australia: Union List, State list and concurrent list. Preamble:

Preamble is the part of constitution so it can be ammended. To interpret the constitution the final authority is Supreme court. Objective: 1. Soverienty of the nation

2. 3. 4. 5.

To establish democratic union Republic: Where head of state is elected by public Secularism and socialism To eradicate poverty and give employment to all.

Features of constitution: 1. The bulkiest constitution of world containing 395 articles. 2. Combination of rigidity and flexibility

3. 4. 5. 6.

Parliamentary system of government Federal system with unitary bias. Fundamental rights and duties Secular state 7. Indipendent juduciary: Present law minister: Mr. Bhardwaj 8. Panchayati Raaj

Articles:

Article 1 to 4: Nation India: In 2000, Three states are created. Article 5 to 11: Citizenship In India, we have only single citizenship. citizenship can be attained through 1. By birth 2. By living in India for 6 months then application and then can be acquired Article 12 to 35: Fundamental Rights Article 12: What is state? Article 13: Article 226: Go to High court Article 32: Go to Supreme court for any discrepency in case of violation of fundamental rights. Article 14-18: Right to equality Article 14: Equality before law Article 15-16: everybody is equal except SC, ST & others (OBC) in educational institution. Article 15(5): there is reservation given to OBC in central government educational institution. Article 16: in case of employment everyone is equal except SC/ST & others. Article 17: Abolition of untouchability

Article 18: Abolition of titles Article 19: Freedom of expression, speech, mobility, progression Article 20: Right of fair trial and justice. No double jeopardy (you can’t be punished twice for one offence) Article 22: you should be presented within 24 hours before magistrate (Ilaka Magistrate) Article 21: Nucleus of constitution Right of life Article 21A: from 6 to 14 year, your primary education is free and compulsory but if parents break these rule then state can’t file care against parents. Article 23: Human trafficking (Sale of human beings) Article 24: Ban on child labor below age of 14 Article 25-28: Educational, cultural & religious right of minorities. Article 29-30: fundamental right of minorities Article 31: It is abolished now. Earlier it was for right of property Article 32: Supreme Court. Any person whose fundamental rights had been broken can go directly to supreme court.