Community-based Care In Mental Health Nursing

Community-Based Care in Mental Health Nursing Hazel May N. Evangelista, RN

In the USA

OUTPATIENT SERVICES  Subacute

Care

- when inpatient hospitalization is not needed - less expensive and less intensive 24-hours supervision - allows individual autonomy and independence

OUTPATIENT SERVICES  Outpatient

programs

- traditionally, occurs in mental health clinics and private offices - number of visits varies according to the individual’s needs - assessment of needs is made to determine if intense or different type of service is needed

PSYCHIATRIC HOME CARE - available for homebound clients whose disabilities or illness inhibits them from leaving their home - often serves individuals with severe and persistent mental illnesses and those with a combination of psychiatric and medical illness

COMMUNITY OUTREACH PROGRAMS - developed to reach out individuals in the rural areas, homeless or transient groups who lack traditional medical and social services

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES - provided to individuals who need temporary or long-term housing - length of stay: 3 to 6 months or longer

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES 

Extended care facilities (Nursing homes) - for individuals with severe developmental disabilities, dementia, or acute and chronic medical illnesses

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES 

Apartment living - provide varying degrees of supervision and programming - staff may be on site on a daily basis offering groups and activities, or periodically to ensure medication compliance

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES 

Group Homes ( Halfway homes) - may provide temporary or permanent housing for individuals with chronic mental disorders. - some provide group therapy and structured activities, while others just meals, a bed or laundry facilities

RESIDENTIAL SERVICES 

Foster care and boarding homes - are generally staffed by nonprofessionals but with professional supervision offered on an outpatient basis - shelters for the homeless - services for specific populations

SELF-HELP GROUPS   



 

Addiction based Alcoholics Anonymous Survivor based Incest Survivors Anonymous Disorder based National Alliance for the Mentally Ill Loss based Grief, divorce, bereavement support group Medically based AIDS support group Prevention based Parenting, tough love support groups

Here in the Philippines

Mental Health Programs GOALS:  



Promotion of mental health Decrease health-related effects of stressful lifestyle Reduction of prevalence of mental ill health and disorders in the Philippines

National Objectives 

Health Status - reduce by 1% ; prevalence - reduce by 5% ; target: workforce

National Objectives Risk Reduction proportion of high risk individuals

INCREASE

proportion of members of the workforce proportion of children

National Objectives 

Services and Programs - establish new and upgrade existing mental health facilities - upgrade existing competencies on mental health, for mental professionals and health care providers

National Objectives - increase the percentage of health facilities, workplace and communities that provide mental health services - develop self-help and family care programs - increase the capability of health facilities for psychosocial assessment and screening of mental disorders

Nursing Responsibilities and Functions 

In Mental Health Promotion - Participate in the promotion of mental health - Utilize opportunities - Help people in the community - Teach parents the importance of providing emotional support to their children

Nursing Responsibilities and Functions 

In Prevention and Control - Recognize mental health hazards and stress situations - Recognize pathological deviations from normal - Be aware of the potential causes of breakdown

Nursing Responsibilities and Functions - Help the family to understand and accept the patient’s health status and behavior - Impart information and guidance about the treatment scheme of the patients

Nursing Responsibilities and Functions 

Rehabilitation - Initiate patient participation in occupational activities - Encourage and initiate patients to partake in activities - Advise the family about the importance of regular follow-up at the clinic - Make regular home visits

Nursing Responsibilities and Functions 

In Research and Epidemiology - Participate actively in epidemiological survey to be aware of the size and extent of mental health problems of the community and organize a program for better preventive, curative and rehabilitative measures

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