Collection And Analysis Of Data

Title: Collection and Analysis of Data Purpose: To become familiar with data collection and analysis using common substances. Materials: Electronic balance, graduate, paper cups, graph paper, water, vegetable oil, and ethanol Safety: Ethanol is both toxic and flammable. No flames in the lab and keep the ethanol out of your mouths. Procedure: 1. Using your graduate, measure exactly 10.0 ml of water. Add the water to the cup. Record the mass of the water and cup in your data table. Use figure 1 as a model for your data table. 2. Repeat step one four more times (don’t empty the cup until you have recorded your fifth measurement). 3. In a clean dry cup add exactly 10.0 of vegetable oil to the cup. Record the mass of the cup and oil. 4. Repeat step 3 four more times. 5. In a clean dry cup add exactly 10.0 ml of ethanol. Record the mass of the cup and ethanol. 6. Repeat step 5 four more times. 7. Discard the cups and clean your lab station. Be sure to discard the oil into the appropriate container. The water and ethanol may be discarded in the sink. 8. Analyze your data. Figure 1. Mass 1

Mass 2

Mass 3

Mass 4

Mass 5 Water Oil Ethanol Analysis: 1. Using the water data, prepare a graph of cup and water mass as a function of volume. That is, the volume will be the independent variable and the masses, the dependent variable. Be sure to title and label your graph appropriately. 2. Determine the slope of the line of best fit for your data. 3. Write the volume – mass relationship as a function, F(x) = mX +b 4. What do the terms F(x), m, X, and b mean (volume, mass, slope and or the y intercept)? 1

5. Repeat the analysis steps 1-4 for the oil and ethanol data. You may use the same piece of graph paper. Discussion: 1. What are the units of “m”? What common physical characteristic has these same units?

2. What are the masses of the cups in terms of the F(x) = mX + b equation? Confirm by direct measure of the cups. 3. Compare the densities of these substances to the accepted values (Your text may be a good source of information). Water

Oil

Ethanol

Experimental Accepted 4. Summarize what you have learned in this experiment.

5. Identify potential sources of error.

2

Prepared by: R.K. Vermillion Atlanta, GA 30327

Westminster Schools

3

27 May 2009