Cisco Voip Matiral
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Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Confidential
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CCVP Prep: Cisco IP Telephony Essentials
BRKCRT-2201
RKCRT-2201 13615_05_2007_c1
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Session Goals 1. Cisco Certified Voice Professional 2. To grasp the “big picture” behind VoIP 3. To deliver key concepts and configurations related to the current CVOICE certification exam Exam Tip!
4. To demonstrate on live equipment the methods used to configure a working VoIP network
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Disclaimer This session will strictly adhere to Cisco’s rules of confidentiality We may not be able to address your specific question If you have taken the exam please refrain from asking questions from the exam We will be available after the session to direct you to resources to assist with specific questions or to provide clarification
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Cisco Certified Voice Professional “Earning a CCVP certification validates a robust set of skills in implementing, operating, configuring, and troubleshooting a converged IP network. The certification content focuses on Cisco Systems CallManager, quality of service (QoS), gateways, gatekeepers, IP phones, voice applications, and utilities on Cisco routers and Cisco Catalyst switches.”
642-432 CVOICE 642-444 CIPT 4.X (Windows) / 642-445 CIPT 5.X (Linux) 642-642 QoS 642-425 IPTT (Retiring 10.2.2007) / 642-426 TUC 642-453 GW/GK
Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Exam Topics 642-432 Describe the similarities and differences between legacy TDM and VoIP Configure a router so that a basic IP Telephony call can be completed Troubleshoot a basic IP telephony configuration Successfully integrate a basic IP telephony network into the existing PSTN network Describe the basic operation and components involved in a VoIP call Successfully connect a basic VoIP network to the PSTN Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Exam Format Test Practical Implementation Skills of VoIP Question formats Declarative Procedural Complex procedural (simulation) Drag and drop
Avoided question formats “Trick questions” Version dependencies
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Exam Format—Declarative A Declarative Exam Item Tests Simple Recall of Pertinent Facts: What is the optimal end-to-end delay that should be achieved in a VoIP network?
A. 20 ms B. 100 ms C. 150 ms D. 400 ms
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Exam Format—Procedural A Procedural Exam Item Tests the Ability to Apply Knowledge to Solve a Given Issue: You are the network technician at Widgets Inc. Your newly appointed trainee wants to know what the connection tie-line command emulates. What will your reply be?
A. A temporary connection to a PBX. B. A permanent connection to a PBX. C. A temporary connection to the PSTN. D. A permanent connection to the PSTN. E. A permanent connection to the network.
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Exam Format—Complex Procedural A Complex Procedural Exam Item Tests the Ability to Apply Multiple Knowledge Points to Solve a Given Issue: Configure POTS and VoIP dial-peers to ensure the analog phone can reach the PSTN. The phone number of the analog phone connected to port 1/0/0 is 4805980111. Router
Router POTS
Analog Phone
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Exam Format—Drag and Drop Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
Place Here
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
Place Here
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Outline The Vision and Benefits of VoIP The Phases of VoIP Growth Centralized and Decentralized Call Management Dial-Peer Concepts and Configuration
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IP Telephony: The Vision What networks look like today Why an organization would use IP Telephony What it takes to move to IP Telephony Phase One Migration Phase Two Migration
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Networks Today
Separate networks for voice, video, and data applications Difficult to integrate applications Voice network not designed to handle data+voice+video demands Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Converged Networks
By combining all communication methods into a single network infrastructure, INSANELY cool things are possible Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Why an Organization Would Use IP Telephony Hard Cost Savings ¾Moves/Adds/Changes to the phone system Reduced wiring in new buildings Reduced expenses for telecommuters/branch offices IT staff consolidation Free long distance (Toll Bypass) Application consolidation ¾Lower transmission Costs
Soft Cost Savings Single inbox for messages (voicemail/fax/email) Extension mobility (saves office space) Internet Website integration into phone system (customers love it) ¾Open architecture (invites multi-vendor integrations) Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Exam Tip! 16
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Phase One IP Telephony Migration
Digital Phones
Digital Phones WAN
PBX
PBX
PBX and digital telephones still in place Calls routed over the IP WAN rather than PSTN Major benefit: free long distance Major requirement: Quality of Service (QoS) in place Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Phase Two IP Telephony Migration Cisco CallManager
Cisco CallManager
IP Phone
IP Phone
WAN
IP Phone
IP Phone
Softphone
Softphone
Voice and Data network merged PBX and digital phones sold on Ebay New applications can now integrate into voice network Most newly constructed structures move directly to this phase Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Cisco’s Strategy
Voice
Cisco Unified Communications
Video
Data
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Understanding Packet Telephony Centralized vs. Decentralized Call Control Packet Telephony Component Digital vs. Analog Connections IP Telephony Call Types
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Distributed Call Control
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Centralized Call Control Exam Tip!
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Packet Telephony Components Digital Phones CallManager
PSTN
PBX
IP Phone Voice-Enabled Switch
WAN
Voice-Enabled Gateway
IP Phone
Voice-Enabled Gateway
PC
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VIC Cards: Analog Connections Most mainline Cisco routers (1800/2800/3800) now support Voice Interface Cards (VICs) which allow for a variety of analog voice connections Analog connections support a single call for each voice port There are three categories of analog voice ports: Foreign Exchange Station (FXS) Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) Ear and Mouth (E&M)
Cisco VIC-2FXS Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Analog Connections: FXS FXS
Analog Phone
FXS
Fax
Modem
FXS
Provides a direct connection to an analog phone, fax machine, or similar device Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Analog Connections: FXO FXO
Station Interface PBX
FXO
Telco CO
Allows an analog connection to be directed to the PSTN or station interface of a PBX Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Analog Connections: E&M E&M
Trunk Interface PBX
Provides a trunk connection to a PBX
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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How Far Will Those FXS Ports Go? A single FXS Port will go a distance of 3,200 feet A single FXS Port can power a loop of up to 8 analog devices (in a home, for example) The total distance of an FXS connection diminishes the more phones you attach to the port.
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Digital Voice Ports
T1
Central Office
Typically used in corporate environments with high volume requirements Options of T1/E1 (CAS/CCS) and BRI
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The New All-in-One Module: VWICs Traditional T1 WIC cards are designed for data and are unable to communicate with legacy voice networks The VWIC T1 module allows you to connect to both data and voice networks
Cisco VWIC-2MF-T1/E1
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Installing Voice Ports
Installing voice ports require NM-1V/NM-2V network modules + VIC cards Some 17xx and ISR series routers have built-in VIC slots, but require Packet Voice DSP Module (PVDM) Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Local Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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On-Net Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Off-Net Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Private Line Automatic Ringdown (AKA Batphone)
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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On-Net to Off-Net Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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The Configuration Dividing Line Breath deep. You are about to enter a whole new world of configurations. Get your pens ready! Configuration breakdown: FXS/FXO physical port configuration Dial-Peer basic concepts and configuration Digital T1/PRI physical port configuration Dial-Peer advanced concepts and configuration
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FXS Port Configuration Exam Tip! FXS 1/0/0 Analog Phone Router# configure terminal Router(config)# voice-port 1/0/0 Router(config-voiceport)# description Phone on the dock of a bay Router(config-voiceport)# signal loop-start Router(config-voiceport)# cptone GB Router(config-voiceport)# end Router#
Foundation FXS port configuration Physical PORT configuration mode only assigns aspects that affect the physical port itself, not dial-plan information Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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FXS Command Reference Router(config-voiceport)# signal
Sets the signaling type; most often loop-start (default) for analog phones, ground-start for PBX-to-PBX connections Router(config-voiceport)# cptone
Defines the detection of call-progress tones generated at the local interface Router(config-voiceport)# ring frequency <25 | 50>
Configures ring frequency (in hertz for OLD analog phone handsets. If incorrect, handset may not ring (or will buzz instead of ring) Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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FXS Command Reference (cont.) Router(config-voiceport)# ring cadence <pattern | define>
Defines length of ringing voltage. Default to North America. Is automatically set by cptone command Router(config-voiceport)# busyout
Gives you the ability to busy out a port Router(config-voiceport)# station id name <15_character_name> Router(config-voiceport)# station id number <15_character_number>
Configures caller-id information for FXS port (may be overridden by FXO port configuration)
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FXO Port Configuration Exam Tip! FXO
PSTN
1/0/0
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# voice port 1/0/0 Router(config-voiceport)# description Backup PSTN Connection Router(config-voiceport)# dial-type dtmf Router(config-voiceport)# ring number 1 Router(config-voiceport)# end Router#
Foundation FXO port configuration Physical PORT configuration mode only assigns aspects that affect the physical port itself, not dial-plan information Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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FXO Command Reference Router(config-voiceport)# dial-type
Chooses appropriate dial-type for outbound calls Router(config-voiceport)# signal
Sets the signaling type; most often loop-start (default) for analog phones, ground-start for PBX connections Router(config-voiceport)# cptone
Defines the detection of call-progress tones generated at the local interface
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FXO Command Reference (cont.) Router(config-voiceport)# ring number
Number of rings before incoming call is answered by the router
Router(config-voiceport)# busyout
Gives you the ability to busy out a port Router(config-voiceport)# station id name <15_character_name> Router(config-voiceport)# station id number <15_character_number>
Configures caller-id information for FXO port (overrides FXS port configuration) Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Dial Peers: The Routing Table for Voice Provide the logical configuration and connections for voice ports Used to create a “routing table” for voice calls Can be POTS when connecting to traditional PSTN connections (such as FXS/FXO ports) or VoIP when connecting to a packet network
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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POTS Dial Peer Configuration Exam Tip! FXS 1/0/1 x1111 Router# configure terminal Router(config)# dial-peer voice 1 pots Router(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 1111 Router(config-dialpeer)# port 1/0/1
• Similar to creating a static route for extension 1111 • Destination-pattern command configures the telephone number • Port command associates the physical port with the logical extension
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VoIP Dial Peer Configuration 10.1.1.1/30
FXS
FXS 10.1.1.2/30
x1111
R4
R5
x2222
R4# configure terminal R4(config)# dial-peer voice 2 voip R4(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 2222 R4(config-dialpeer)# session target ipv4:10.1.1.2 R5# configure terminal R5(config)# dial-peer voice 2 voip R5(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 1111 R5(config-dialpeer)# session target ipv4:10.1.1.1
When destination-pattern is matched, router immediately forwards the call (no further digits are collected) Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Configuring Digital Interfaces T1/E1 CAS Port Configurations T1/E1 CCS Port Configurations
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Digital T1 CAS Physical Port Configuration Step 1: Specify Framing, Linecode, and Timing
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# framing < sf / esf > Router(config-controller)# linecode < b8zs / ami >
Exam Tip!
Router(config-controller)# clock source < internal / line >
Framing and Linecode are specified by the service provider Timing can be either internal if your router is providing the clocking, or line if it is receiving the clock rate from an external source
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Digital T1 CAS Physical Port Configuration Step 2: Create ds0-group Router# configure terminal Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# ds0-group timeslots <1-24> type <signaling>
Ds0-group number is locally significant, timeslots must match timeslots in use Signaling must match between end devices E&M signaling types typically connect to PBX trunk lines & telco equipment FXS signaling types typically connect to PBX equipment FXO signaling types typically connect to the CO
Once you have created the ds0-group, the router will create a voice port using the ds0-group number you have chosen. For example: T1 1/0, ds0-group 5 becomes voice port 1/0:5 T1 2/1, ds0-group 1 becomes voice port 2/1:1 Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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T1 CAS Configuration Example
PSTN
T1 1/0
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type fxo-loop-start Router(config-controller)# framing esf Router(config-controller)# linecode b8zs Router(config-controller)# clock source line
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T1 CCS (ISDN PRI) Configuration T1 1/0 Router# configure terminal Router(config)# isdn switch-type primary-qsig Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# pri-group 1 timeslots 1-24 Router(config-controller)# exit Router(config)# interface serial 1/0:23 Router(config-if)# isdn incoming-voice voice
PBXs are commonly equipped with a PRI interface Most Cisco T1 interfaces can double as an ISDN PRI interface ISDN PRI D-channel is always channel 23 (T1) or 15 (E1) Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Dial-Peer Destination Patterns…Let’s Step it Up! Plus (+)
(Optional) Indicates an E.164 standard number
Comma (,)
Inserts a pause between digits
Period (.)
Matches any single digit
Brackets ( [ ] )
Indicates a range of numbers
T
Allows a variable-length dial string Exam Tip!
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Destination Pattern Examples 5551212
Matches one telephone number exactly, 5551212
555[5-9]…
Matches a seven-digit telephone number where the first three digits are 555, the fourth digit can be 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and the last three digits can be any valid digit
9T
Matches any telephone number where the first digit is 9. T wildcard can vary in length from 0 to 32 digits total Exam Tip!
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A Few More Destination Pattern Examples 555[14-6]…
555121[^135]
[1-79]..[^1]5
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
Place Here
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
Place Here
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
Place Here
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
dial-peer voice 5 pots Place Here .T destination-pattern port 1/0/0
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
dial-peer voice 5 pots Place Here .T destination-pattern port 1/0/0
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
dial-peer voice 5 pots Place Here .T destination-pattern port 1/0/0
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
dial-peer voice 8 pots Place Here 545118. destination-pattern port 1/0/3
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Selecting a CODEC Voice over IP Coder/DECoders (CODECs) dictate the type of compression that will be used when converting voice signals Three primary CODECs are used in the Cisco VoIP environment: G.711 (Uncompressed – 64Kbps) G.729 (Compressed – 8Kbps)
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Exam Tip!
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30
Selecting a CODEC (cont.) Router#config t Router(config)#voice class codec 99 Router(config-class)#codec preference 1 g711ulaw Router(config-class)#codec preference 2 g729br8 Router(config-class)#end
Router(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 voip Router(config-dial-peer)#voice-class codec 99 Router(config-dial-peer)#^Z
Exam Tip!
The default CODEC used for VoIP dial-peers is G.729 Voice classes allow you to set up ‘failover’ CODECs during VoIP negotiations
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Wrap-Up: Session Goals 1. Cisco Certified Voice Professional 2. To grasp the “big picture” behind VoIP 3. To deliver key concepts and configurations related to the current CVOICE certification exam Exam Tip!
4. To demonstrate on live equipment the methods used to configure a working VoIP network
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Q and A
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Recommended Reading Continue your Networkers at Cisco Live learning experience with further reading from Cisco Press Check the Recommended Reading flyer for suggested books
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Recommended Reading Continue your learning experience with further reading from Cisco Press Cisco IP Telephony (CIPT) 2nd Edition, ISBN 1-58705-261-X Cisco Voice over IP (CVoice), 2nd Edition, ISBN 1-58705-262-8 CCVP CVoice Quick Reference Sheets (Digital Short Cut), ISBN 1-58705-322-5
Available Onsite at the Cisco Company Store Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Win fabulous prizes; give us your feedback Receive ten Passport Points for each session evaluation you complete Go to the Internet stations located throughout the Convention Center to complete your session evaluation Winners will be announced daily at the Internet stations Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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CCVP Prep: Cisco IP Telephony Essentials
BRKCRT-2201
RKCRT-2201 13615_05_2007_c1
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Session Goals 1. Cisco Certified Voice Professional 2. To grasp the “big picture” behind VoIP 3. To deliver key concepts and configurations related to the current CVOICE certification exam Exam Tip!
4. To demonstrate on live equipment the methods used to configure a working VoIP network
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Disclaimer This session will strictly adhere to Cisco’s rules of confidentiality We may not be able to address your specific question If you have taken the exam please refrain from asking questions from the exam We will be available after the session to direct you to resources to assist with specific questions or to provide clarification
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Cisco Certified Voice Professional “Earning a CCVP certification validates a robust set of skills in implementing, operating, configuring, and troubleshooting a converged IP network. The certification content focuses on Cisco Systems CallManager, quality of service (QoS), gateways, gatekeepers, IP phones, voice applications, and utilities on Cisco routers and Cisco Catalyst switches.”
642-432 CVOICE 642-444 CIPT 4.X (Windows) / 642-445 CIPT 5.X (Linux) 642-642 QoS 642-425 IPTT (Retiring 10.2.2007) / 642-426 TUC 642-453 GW/GK
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Exam Topics 642-432 Describe the similarities and differences between legacy TDM and VoIP Configure a router so that a basic IP Telephony call can be completed Troubleshoot a basic IP telephony configuration Successfully integrate a basic IP telephony network into the existing PSTN network Describe the basic operation and components involved in a VoIP call Successfully connect a basic VoIP network to the PSTN Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Exam Format Test Practical Implementation Skills of VoIP Question formats Declarative Procedural Complex procedural (simulation) Drag and drop
Avoided question formats “Trick questions” Version dependencies
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Exam Format—Declarative A Declarative Exam Item Tests Simple Recall of Pertinent Facts: What is the optimal end-to-end delay that should be achieved in a VoIP network?
A. 20 ms B. 100 ms C. 150 ms D. 400 ms
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Exam Format—Procedural A Procedural Exam Item Tests the Ability to Apply Knowledge to Solve a Given Issue: You are the network technician at Widgets Inc. Your newly appointed trainee wants to know what the connection tie-line command emulates. What will your reply be?
A. A temporary connection to a PBX. B. A permanent connection to a PBX. C. A temporary connection to the PSTN. D. A permanent connection to the PSTN. E. A permanent connection to the network.
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Exam Format—Complex Procedural A Complex Procedural Exam Item Tests the Ability to Apply Multiple Knowledge Points to Solve a Given Issue: Configure POTS and VoIP dial-peers to ensure the analog phone can reach the PSTN. The phone number of the analog phone connected to port 1/0/0 is 4805980111. Router
Router POTS
Analog Phone
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Exam Format—Drag and Drop Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
Place Here
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
Place Here
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Outline The Vision and Benefits of VoIP The Phases of VoIP Growth Centralized and Decentralized Call Management Dial-Peer Concepts and Configuration
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IP Telephony: The Vision What networks look like today Why an organization would use IP Telephony What it takes to move to IP Telephony Phase One Migration Phase Two Migration
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Networks Today
Separate networks for voice, video, and data applications Difficult to integrate applications Voice network not designed to handle data+voice+video demands Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Converged Networks
By combining all communication methods into a single network infrastructure, INSANELY cool things are possible Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Why an Organization Would Use IP Telephony Hard Cost Savings ¾Moves/Adds/Changes to the phone system Reduced wiring in new buildings Reduced expenses for telecommuters/branch offices IT staff consolidation Free long distance (Toll Bypass) Application consolidation ¾Lower transmission Costs
Soft Cost Savings Single inbox for messages (voicemail/fax/email) Extension mobility (saves office space) Internet Website integration into phone system (customers love it) ¾Open architecture (invites multi-vendor integrations) Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Phase One IP Telephony Migration
Digital Phones
Digital Phones WAN
PBX
PBX
PBX and digital telephones still in place Calls routed over the IP WAN rather than PSTN Major benefit: free long distance Major requirement: Quality of Service (QoS) in place Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Phase Two IP Telephony Migration Cisco CallManager
Cisco CallManager
IP Phone
IP Phone
WAN
IP Phone
IP Phone
Softphone
Softphone
Voice and Data network merged PBX and digital phones sold on Ebay New applications can now integrate into voice network Most newly constructed structures move directly to this phase Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Cisco’s Strategy
Voice
Cisco Unified Communications
Video
Data
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Understanding Packet Telephony Centralized vs. Decentralized Call Control Packet Telephony Component Digital vs. Analog Connections IP Telephony Call Types
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Distributed Call Control
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Centralized Call Control Exam Tip!
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Packet Telephony Components Digital Phones CallManager
PSTN
PBX
IP Phone Voice-Enabled Switch
WAN
Voice-Enabled Gateway
IP Phone
Voice-Enabled Gateway
PC
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VIC Cards: Analog Connections Most mainline Cisco routers (1800/2800/3800) now support Voice Interface Cards (VICs) which allow for a variety of analog voice connections Analog connections support a single call for each voice port There are three categories of analog voice ports: Foreign Exchange Station (FXS) Foreign Exchange Office (FXO) Ear and Mouth (E&M)
Cisco VIC-2FXS Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Analog Connections: FXS FXS
Analog Phone
FXS
Fax
Modem
FXS
Provides a direct connection to an analog phone, fax machine, or similar device Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Analog Connections: FXO FXO
Station Interface PBX
FXO
Telco CO
Allows an analog connection to be directed to the PSTN or station interface of a PBX Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Analog Connections: E&M E&M
Trunk Interface PBX
Provides a trunk connection to a PBX
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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How Far Will Those FXS Ports Go? A single FXS Port will go a distance of 3,200 feet A single FXS Port can power a loop of up to 8 analog devices (in a home, for example) The total distance of an FXS connection diminishes the more phones you attach to the port.
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Digital Voice Ports
T1
Central Office
Typically used in corporate environments with high volume requirements Options of T1/E1 (CAS/CCS) and BRI
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The New All-in-One Module: VWICs Traditional T1 WIC cards are designed for data and are unable to communicate with legacy voice networks The VWIC T1 module allows you to connect to both data and voice networks
Cisco VWIC-2MF-T1/E1
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Installing Voice Ports
Installing voice ports require NM-1V/NM-2V network modules + VIC cards Some 17xx and ISR series routers have built-in VIC slots, but require Packet Voice DSP Module (PVDM) Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Local Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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On-Net Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Off-Net Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Private Line Automatic Ringdown (AKA Batphone)
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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On-Net to Off-Net Calls
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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The Configuration Dividing Line Breath deep. You are about to enter a whole new world of configurations. Get your pens ready! Configuration breakdown: FXS/FXO physical port configuration Dial-Peer basic concepts and configuration Digital T1/PRI physical port configuration Dial-Peer advanced concepts and configuration
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FXS Port Configuration Exam Tip! FXS 1/0/0 Analog Phone Router# configure terminal Router(config)# voice-port 1/0/0 Router(config-voiceport)# description Phone on the dock of a bay Router(config-voiceport)# signal loop-start Router(config-voiceport)# cptone GB Router(config-voiceport)# end Router#
Foundation FXS port configuration Physical PORT configuration mode only assigns aspects that affect the physical port itself, not dial-plan information Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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FXS Command Reference Router(config-voiceport)# signal
Sets the signaling type; most often loop-start (default) for analog phones, ground-start for PBX-to-PBX connections Router(config-voiceport)# cptone
Defines the detection of call-progress tones generated at the local interface Router(config-voiceport)# ring frequency <25 | 50>
Configures ring frequency (in hertz for OLD analog phone handsets. If incorrect, handset may not ring (or will buzz instead of ring) Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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FXS Command Reference (cont.) Router(config-voiceport)# ring cadence <pattern | define>
Defines length of ringing voltage. Default to North America. Is automatically set by cptone command Router(config-voiceport)# busyout
Gives you the ability to busy out a port Router(config-voiceport)# station id name <15_character_name> Router(config-voiceport)# station id number <15_character_number>
Configures caller-id information for FXS port (may be overridden by FXO port configuration)
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FXO Port Configuration Exam Tip! FXO
PSTN
1/0/0
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# voice port 1/0/0 Router(config-voiceport)# description Backup PSTN Connection Router(config-voiceport)# dial-type dtmf Router(config-voiceport)# ring number 1 Router(config-voiceport)# end Router#
Foundation FXO port configuration Physical PORT configuration mode only assigns aspects that affect the physical port itself, not dial-plan information Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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FXO Command Reference Router(config-voiceport)# dial-type
Chooses appropriate dial-type for outbound calls Router(config-voiceport)# signal
Sets the signaling type; most often loop-start (default) for analog phones, ground-start for PBX connections Router(config-voiceport)# cptone
Defines the detection of call-progress tones generated at the local interface
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FXO Command Reference (cont.) Router(config-voiceport)# ring number
Number of rings before incoming call is answered by the router
Router(config-voiceport)# busyout
Gives you the ability to busy out a port Router(config-voiceport)# station id name <15_character_name> Router(config-voiceport)# station id number <15_character_number>
Configures caller-id information for FXO port (overrides FXS port configuration) Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Dial Peers: The Routing Table for Voice Provide the logical configuration and connections for voice ports Used to create a “routing table” for voice calls Can be POTS when connecting to traditional PSTN connections (such as FXS/FXO ports) or VoIP when connecting to a packet network
Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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POTS Dial Peer Configuration Exam Tip! FXS 1/0/1 x1111 Router# configure terminal Router(config)# dial-peer voice 1 pots Router(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 1111 Router(config-dialpeer)# port 1/0/1
• Similar to creating a static route for extension 1111 • Destination-pattern command configures the telephone number • Port command associates the physical port with the logical extension
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VoIP Dial Peer Configuration 10.1.1.1/30
FXS
FXS 10.1.1.2/30
x1111
R4
R5
x2222
R4# configure terminal R4(config)# dial-peer voice 2 voip R4(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 2222 R4(config-dialpeer)# session target ipv4:10.1.1.2 R5# configure terminal R5(config)# dial-peer voice 2 voip R5(config-dialpeer)# destination-pattern 1111 R5(config-dialpeer)# session target ipv4:10.1.1.1
When destination-pattern is matched, router immediately forwards the call (no further digits are collected) Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Configuring Digital Interfaces T1/E1 CAS Port Configurations T1/E1 CCS Port Configurations
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Digital T1 CAS Physical Port Configuration Step 1: Specify Framing, Linecode, and Timing
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# framing < sf / esf > Router(config-controller)# linecode < b8zs / ami >
Exam Tip!
Router(config-controller)# clock source < internal / line >
Framing and Linecode are specified by the service provider Timing can be either internal if your router is providing the clocking, or line if it is receiving the clock rate from an external source
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Digital T1 CAS Physical Port Configuration Step 2: Create ds0-group Router# configure terminal Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# ds0-group
Ds0-group number is locally significant, timeslots must match timeslots in use Signaling must match between end devices E&M signaling types typically connect to PBX trunk lines & telco equipment FXS signaling types typically connect to PBX equipment FXO signaling types typically connect to the CO
Once you have created the ds0-group, the router will create a voice port using the ds0-group number you have chosen. For example: T1 1/0, ds0-group 5 becomes voice port 1/0:5 T1 2/1, ds0-group 1 becomes voice port 2/1:1 Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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T1 CAS Configuration Example
PSTN
T1 1/0
Router# configure terminal Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type fxo-loop-start Router(config-controller)# framing esf Router(config-controller)# linecode b8zs Router(config-controller)# clock source line
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T1 CCS (ISDN PRI) Configuration T1 1/0 Router# configure terminal Router(config)# isdn switch-type primary-qsig Router(config)# controller t1 1/0 Router(config-controller)# pri-group 1 timeslots 1-24 Router(config-controller)# exit Router(config)# interface serial 1/0:23 Router(config-if)# isdn incoming-voice voice
PBXs are commonly equipped with a PRI interface Most Cisco T1 interfaces can double as an ISDN PRI interface ISDN PRI D-channel is always channel 23 (T1) or 15 (E1) Exam Tip! Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Dial-Peer Destination Patterns…Let’s Step it Up! Plus (+)
(Optional) Indicates an E.164 standard number
Comma (,)
Inserts a pause between digits
Period (.)
Matches any single digit
Brackets ( [ ] )
Indicates a range of numbers
T
Allows a variable-length dial string Exam Tip!
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Destination Pattern Examples 5551212
Matches one telephone number exactly, 5551212
555[5-9]…
Matches a seven-digit telephone number where the first three digits are 555, the fourth digit can be 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and the last three digits can be any valid digit
9T
Matches any telephone number where the first digit is 9. T wildcard can vary in length from 0 to 32 digits total Exam Tip!
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A Few More Destination Pattern Examples 555[14-6]…
555121[^135]
[1-79]..[^1]5
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
Place Here
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
Place Here
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
Place Here
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
dial-peer voice 5 pots Place Here .T destination-pattern port 1/0/0
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
Place Here
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
dial-peer voice 5 pots Place Here .T destination-pattern port 1/0/0
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
Place Here
Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Practice Question Click and drag the dial peer to the phone number it would match. Answers may be used more than once or may not be used at all. dial-peer voice 5 pots destination-pattern .T port 1/0/0
5551
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 6 pots destination-pattern 555[1-2].. port 1/0/1
5551199
dial-peer voice 5 pots Place Here .T destination-pattern port 1/0/0
dial-peer voice 7 pots destination-pattern 5551 port 1/0/2
555121
dial-peer voice 7 pots Place Here 5551 destination-pattern port 1/0/2
dial-peer voice 8 pots destination-pattern 545118. port 1/0/3
5451181
dial-peer voice 8 pots Place Here 545118. destination-pattern port 1/0/3
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Selecting a CODEC Voice over IP Coder/DECoders (CODECs) dictate the type of compression that will be used when converting voice signals Three primary CODECs are used in the Cisco VoIP environment: G.711 (Uncompressed – 64Kbps) G.729 (Compressed – 8Kbps)
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Exam Tip!
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Selecting a CODEC (cont.) Router#config t Router(config)#voice class codec 99 Router(config-class)#codec preference 1 g711ulaw Router(config-class)#codec preference 2 g729br8 Router(config-class)#end
Router(config)#dial-peer voice 2000 voip Router(config-dial-peer)#voice-class codec 99 Router(config-dial-peer)#^Z
Exam Tip!
The default CODEC used for VoIP dial-peers is G.729 Voice classes allow you to set up ‘failover’ CODECs during VoIP negotiations
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Wrap-Up: Session Goals 1. Cisco Certified Voice Professional 2. To grasp the “big picture” behind VoIP 3. To deliver key concepts and configurations related to the current CVOICE certification exam Exam Tip!
4. To demonstrate on live equipment the methods used to configure a working VoIP network
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Q and A
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Recommended Reading Continue your Networkers at Cisco Live learning experience with further reading from Cisco Press Check the Recommended Reading flyer for suggested books
Available Onsite at the Cisco Company Store Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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Recommended Reading Continue your learning experience with further reading from Cisco Press Cisco IP Telephony (CIPT) 2nd Edition, ISBN 1-58705-261-X Cisco Voice over IP (CVoice), 2nd Edition, ISBN 1-58705-262-8 CCVP CVoice Quick Reference Sheets (Digital Short Cut), ISBN 1-58705-322-5
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Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Win fabulous prizes; give us your feedback Receive ten Passport Points for each session evaluation you complete Go to the Internet stations located throughout the Convention Center to complete your session evaluation Winners will be announced daily at the Internet stations Session ID 13615_05_2007_c1
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