Cholera

Cholera (El tor)

Etiology: Vibrio Cholorae

Causes: > Oral – fecal contamination > ingestion of contaminated food/water >transmitted also via flies, soiled hands and utensils

Ingestion of significant inoculum

Colonization of the small intestine

Passage of the viable vibrio cholerae into small bowel

Multiplication of the bacteria

Secretion of potent enterotoxin

Stimulates the activity of adenylcyclase Conversion of Adenosine Triphosphate to Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Risk factors/ Predisposing factors: >unproper hygiene >unsanitary disposal of human excreta >lives in a crowded place

Cholera (El tor)

Increase Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate The mucosal cells are stimulated Increase secretion of Chloride with water and bicarbonate loss Toxin is intact in the epithelium on vasculator of the bowel Outpouring of intestinal fluid (diarrhea)

Increase gut electrolyte secretion