Chlorine-caustic Soda_process Description_kutch_chemicals_ind_ltd_kutcheast03_eia1.pdf

M/S. KUTCH CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED (UNIT-2)

Draft EIA & EMP Report for Manufacturing of Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals & Coal based Captive Power Plant at Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Village: Varsana, Taluka: Anjar, Distt. Kachchh, Gujarat. SEPTEMBER, 2016

Kadam Environmental Consultants www.kadamenviro.com

Environment

for

Development

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

QUALITY CONTROL SHEET

KUTCH CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED (UNIT-2)

Manufacturing of Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals & Coal based Captive Power Plant. © Kadam Environmental Consultants (‘Kadam’), September, 2016 This report is released for the use of the Kutch Chemical Industries Limited (Unit-2), Regulators and relevant stakeholders solely as part of the subject project’s Environmental Clearance process. Information provided (unless attributed to referenced third parties) is otherwise copyrighted and shall not be used for any other purpose without the written consent of Kadam.

QUALITY CONTROL Name of Publication Project Number

Draft EIA & EMP Manufacturing of Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals & Coal based Captive Power Plant at Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Village: Varsana, Taluka: Anjar, Distt. Kachchh, Gujarat. 1624321310

Report No.

1

Version

1

Released

September, 2016

DISCLAIMER Kadam has taken all reasonable precautions in the preparation of this report as per its auditable quality plan. Kadam also believes that the facts presented in the report are accurate as on the date it was written. However, it is impossible to dismiss absolutely, the possibility of errors or omissions. Kadam therefore specifically disclaims any liability resulting from the use or application of the information contained in this report. The information is not intended to serve as legal advice related to the individual situation.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

I

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

QUALITY CONTROL SHEET

DECLARATION BY EXPERTS CONTRIBUTING TO THE EIA & EMP REPORT “I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed “ Draft EIA

& EMP Report for Manufacturing of Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals & Coal based Captive Power Plant at Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Village: Varsana, Taluka: Anjar, Distt. Kachchh, Gujarat”. 13

EIA Sector Number as per NABET

Name of Sector as per NABET

21 & 4

Chlor-alkali industry Synthetic organic chemicals industry & Thermal power plants

EIA COORDINATOR Name

Mr. J. A. Rathi

Ms. Jitixa Upadhyay

Mr. Sangram Kadam

Approved Sector as per NABET

13

21

4

Signature & Date

Period of involvement Contact Information

February 2016 – July 2016 Address: 871/B/3, GIDC, Makarpura, Vadodara.

Mobile No: +91-9824476624 Landline No.: +91-265-300-1000

FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS S. No.

1

2

3

Functional Areas

AP

AQ

WP

Involvement

Name of the Expert/s

Task

Period

Sameer Kadam

Site visit, selection of monitoring locations, conducting AAQM. Evaluation of meteorological data with secondary data. Identification of impacts and suggesting mitigation measures.

March – July, 2016

Sameer Kadam

Site visit to verify baseline AAQ in Industrial Estate. Evaluation of measured AAQM with secondary data. Air Dispersion Modeling, Identification of impacts and suggesting mitigation measures with EMP.

March – July, 2016

Sameer Kadam

Site Visit, selection of sampling locations for SW. Preparation of water balance diagrams & ETP Scheme for ZLD. Identification of impacts and suggesting mitigation measures with EMP.

March – July, 2016

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Signature & Date

II

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

S. No.

Name of the Expert/s

4

5

6

7

8

9

Functional Areas

QUALITY CONTROL SHEET

Involvement Task

Period

March – July, 2016

SHW

J. A. Rathi

Site Visit. Adequacy check of Solid & Hazardous Waste Management and suggesting disposal plan. Identification of impacts and suggesting mitigation measures with EMP.

LU

Dr. Jessica Karia

Ground truth survey to validate the interpreted LULC map from satellite data. Supervision in updating LCLU map. Studying the impacts of project.

May – July, 2016

Site visit in core villages for primary database. Evaluation of SE status based on the secondary data. Listing possible CSR activities with approximate budget.

March – July, 2016

Mitali Khuman

Site visit for ecological data. Collection of secondary data for identification of local flora and fauna. Assessment of the impacts & development of green belt management plan.

May – July, 2016

NV

Oni Lokhandwala

Site visit, selection of monitoring locations. Identifying Noise generation equipment & assessment of noise level. Identification of impacts and suggesting mitigation measures with EMP.

May – July, 2016

RH

Jayesh Makwana

Identification of RH. Interpreting RA using PHAST, suggesting measures for safe storage & handling of hazardous chemicals. Preparation of DMP.

May – July, 2016

June – July, 2016

March – July, 2016

SE

EB

Anil Vishwakarma

10 & 11

HG & GEO

Pradeep Pofali

Finalization of GW sampling locations. Assessment of sampling results with secondary data to interpret current conditions. Identification of impacts and suggesting mitigation measures.

12

SC

Dr. B.K. Patel

Assessment of the impacts on the soil. Identifying mitigation measures.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Signature & Date

III

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

QUALITY CONTROL SHEET

Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization: I, Sangram Kadam, hereby confirm that the referred experts have prepared the Draft EIA & EMP

Report for Manufacturing of Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals & Coal based Captive Power Plant at Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Village: Varsana, Taluka: Anjar, Distt. Kachchh, Gujarat. I also confirm that Kadam shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature

:

Name

: Sangram Kadam

Designation

: Director (Consultancy Department)

Name of EIA Consultant Organization

: Kadam Environmental Consultants, Vadodara, Gujarat.

NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date

: NABET/EIA/1316/SA 2 001 valid till 16th September, 2016.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS 1

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND .............................................................. 1 1.1 1.2

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ........................................................................... 1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT & PROJECT ....................................... 1 1.2.1 Project Proponent & Existing Unit ............................................................. 1 1.2.2 Proposed Project ................................................................................. 2

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY & REGION ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3.1 Brief Description of the Project ................................................................ 2 1.3.2 Importance of Project to the Country and the Region ..................................... 2 1.4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ......................................................................... 4 1.4.1 General Clearance and Other Permissions ................................................... 4 1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ................................................................................ 5 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................. 15 2.1

TYPE OF PROJECT ................................................................................... Condensed Description of Aspects .......................................................... 2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT ........................................................................... 2.2.1 Condensed Description of Aspects .......................................................... 2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................... 2.3.1 General Location of the Site .................................................................. 2.3.2 Specific Location of Site & Project Boundary .............................................. 2.3.3 Approach to the Project Site ................................................................. 2.3.4 Condensed Description of Aspects .......................................................... 2.4 SIZE AND MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION ......................................................... 2.4.1 Proposed Plant ................................................................................. 2.4.2 Nearby Existing Unit ........................................................................... 2.4.3 Condensed Description of Aspects .......................................................... 2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION ............................ 2.6 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION ................................................... 2.6.1 Caustic Chlorine Plant (Caustic Soda, 600 TPD & Caustic Potash – 100 TPD) ....... 2.6.2 Hydrogen Peroxide (100% H2O2 Basis) – 100 TPD ....................................... 2.6.3 Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride – 100 TPD ................................................. 2.6.4 Poly Aluminum Chloride – 50 TPD .......................................................... 2.6.5 Calcium Chloride – 175 TPD.................................................................. 2.6.6 Para Amino Phenol – 120 TPD ............................................................... 2.6.7 Hydrogenation of Hydrocarbon, Nitro & Chloro Hydrocarbon – 10,000 TPM......... 2.6.8 Chlorination of Hydrocarbons – 7,500 TPM ................................................ 2.6.9 Chlorination of Toluene – 7,500 TPM ....................................................... 2.6.10 Chlorination of Acetic Acid – Mono Chloro Acetic Acid – 7,500 TPM ................ 2.6.11 Chlorination of Paraffins – CPW – 7,500 TPM .......................................... 2.6.12 Captive Power Plant – 100 MW ...........................................................

2.1.1

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

2.7

UTILITIES ............................................................................................ 2.7.1 Power Requirement ............................................................................ 2.7.2 Fuel Requirement .............................................................................. 2.7.3 Water Requirement ............................................................................ 2.7.4 Manpower ....................................................................................... 2.8 RAW MATERIAL, STORAGE & MODE OF TRANSPORT ......................................... 2.9 SOLVENT AND SOLVENT RECOVERY SYSTEM .................................................. 2.10 CATALYST.......................................................................................... 2.11 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................. 2.11.1 Process Area ................................................................................. 2.11.2 Non-Processing Area ........................................................................ 2.12 AIR EMISSIONS ................................................................................... 2.12.1 Action Plan to Control Ambient Air Quality .............................................. 2.13 NOISE GENERATION ............................................................................. 2.14 WATER CONSUMPTION, WASTE WATER GENERATION & DISPOSAL DETAILS ......... 2.14.1 Water Consumption ......................................................................... 2.14.2 Waste Water Generation ................................................................... 2.14.3 Mode of Disposal ............................................................................ 2.14.4 Water Balance Table & Chart.............................................................. 2.14.5 Details of ETP ................................................................................

47 47 47 48 48 48 49 49 49 49 50 51 52 55 56 56 56 56 56 58

2.15 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE IDENTIFICATION, QUANTIFICATION, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL .................................................................................................... 67 2.15.1 Identification of Waste ..................................................................... 67 2.15.2 Categorization, Storage and Disposal of Waste ........................................ 67 2.15.3 Storage Area ................................................................................. 69 2.15.4 Treatment of Waste ......................................................................... 69 2.15.5 Transportation of Waste ................................................................... 69 2.15.6 Safety System during Handling and Transportation of Waste ....................... 69 2.16 MITIGATION MEASURES AT DESIGN STAGE ................................................. 69 2.17 ASSESSMENT OF NEW AND UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY ..................................... 69 3

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ......................................................... 71 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

STUDY AREA ......................................................................................... PERIOD ............................................................................................... COMPONENTS ....................................................................................... METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................... 3.4.1 Primary data Collection ....................................................................... 3.4.2 Secondary Data Collection .................................................................... 3.5 ESTABLISHMENT OF BASELINE FOR VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS ......... 3.5.1 Long Term Meteorology ...................................................................... 3.5.2 Site Specific Meteorology ..................................................................... 3.5.3 Land Use ........................................................................................ 3.5.4 Ambient Air ..................................................................................... 3.5.5 Traffic Survey ................................................................................... KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

71 71 71 71 71 75 75 75 77 81 87 92 VI

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3.5.6 3.5.7 3.5.8 3.5.9 3.5.10 3.5.11 4

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Noise & Vibration .............................................................................. 92 Hydrology, Surface Water & Ground Water ............................................... 95 Geology ......................................................................................... 104 Soil .............................................................................................. 106 Ecology & Biodiversity ..................................................................... 109 Socio-Economics ............................................................................ 117

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ........128 4.1 4.2

INVESTIGATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT ........ 128 AIR ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................ 133 4.2.1 Emission Rates & Predicted GLCs .......................................................... 136 4.2.2 Incremental Traffic ........................................................................... 141 4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................ 143 4.3.1 Assessment of Noise using SoundPlan .................................................... 143 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................... 149 4.4.1 Impact on Ground Water .................................................................... 149 4.4.2 Impact on Surface Water .................................................................... 149 4.4.3 Mitigation Measures .......................................................................... 149 4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................. 152 4.5.1 Site Preparation ............................................................................... 152 4.5.2 Operation Phase............................................................................... 152 4.5.3 Mitigation Measure ............................................................................ 152 4.6 ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY ...................................................................... 156 4.7 RESOURCE DEPLETION ........................................................................... 159 5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................161 5.1

6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM .................................................163 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6

7

SITE ALTERNATIVE .................................................................................... 161

AIR ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................ 163 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................ 163 WATER ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................... 163 LAND ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................. 163 ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY ...................................................................... 163 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT COST ................................ 172

ADDITIONAL STUDIES ..............................................................................174 7.1

RISK ASSESSMENT ................................................................................. 174 Scope & Methodology ........................................................................ 174 Consequence Analysis for Selected Failure Scenario .................................... 174 Consequence Analysis Results .............................................................. 176 7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN .................................................................. 182 7.2.1 About Industrial Activities ................................................................... 182 7.2.2 Onsite Emergency Plan ...................................................................... 183 7.3 EXTERNAL HAZARDS .............................................................................. 192

7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3

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7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.4

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Earthquake ..................................................................................... 192 Social Unrest ................................................................................... 193 Major Fire in the Vicinity of Plant ........................................................... 193 Offsite Emergency Response Plan .......................................................... 193

DESCRIPTION ON ORGANIZATION SET-UP FOR SAFETY .................................... 194 Safety Organization ........................................................................... 194 Safety Training to Personnel ................................................................ 194 Safety Activities ............................................................................... 194 List of PPEs..................................................................................... 195 First Aid and Antidotes ....................................................................... 196 Allocation and Delegation of Responsibilities for Plant Safety ......................... 196 Emergency Contact Details .................................................................. 196 R&R ACTION PLANS ............................................................................... 196

7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.4.5 7.4.6 7.4.7 7.5 8

PROJECT BENEFITS ..................................................................................197 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4

9

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE .................................................................... 197 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ....................................................................... 197 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL ........................................................................ 197 OTHER TANGIBLE & LOCATIONAL BENEFITS ................................................. 197

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ................................................198

10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................................199 10.1 10.2 10.3

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 199 PURPOSE OF EMP ................................................................................ 199 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................... 199 10.3.1 Air Environment ............................................................................ 199 10.3.2 Water Environment ........................................................................ 199 10.3.3 Land and Soil Environment (Solid Hazardous Waste Management) ............... 200 10.3.4 Ecology and Biodiversity Environment .................................................. 200 10.3.5 Socio Economic Environment ............................................................. 204

11 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ....................................................................207 11.1

PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................ 207 Proposed Project ........................................................................... 207 Process ....................................................................................... 208 Utilities ....................................................................................... 209 Air Emissions & Control .................................................................... 209 Waste Water Treatment & Disposal ..................................................... 210 Noise ......................................................................................... 210 Hazardous & Other Solid Waste ......................................................... 210 11.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...................................................... 210 11.2.1 Study Period, Area & Monitoring/Sampling Locations ................................ 210 11.2.2 Land Use and Land Cover ................................................................. 210 11.2.3 Meteorology ................................................................................. 211

11.1.1 11.1.2 11.1.3 11.1.4 11.1.5 11.1.6 11.1.7

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11.2.4 11.2.5 11.2.6 11.2.7 11.2.8 11.2.9 11.2.10

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Ambient Air Quality ........................................................................ 211 Traffic ........................................................................................ 211 Noise Level .................................................................................. 211 Water Quality ............................................................................... 211 Soil Quality .................................................................................. 212 Biological Environment .................................................................... 213 Socio-Economic Environment ............................................................. 213

11.3

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............. 214 11.3.1 Air Environment ............................................................................ 214 11.3.2 Traffic ........................................................................................ 214 11.3.3 Noise Environment ......................................................................... 214 11.3.4 Water Environment ........................................................................ 215 11.3.5 Land Environment .......................................................................... 215 11.3.6 Biological Environment .................................................................... 215 11.3.7 Socio-Economic Environment ............................................................. 216 11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ................................................ 216 11.5 ADDITIONAL STUDIES .......................................................................... 217 11.5.1 Socio Economic Development Activities ................................................ 217 11.5.2 Risk & Hazards .............................................................................. 217 11.6 PROJECT BENEFITS ............................................................................. 217 11.7 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN ......................................................... 218 11.8 CONCLUSION..................................................................................... 218 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS .................................................................219 12.1 12.2

BRIEF RESUME AND NATURE OF CONSULTANCY (KADAM)............................... 219 EIA TEAM MEMBERS ............................................................................ 220

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LIST OF ANNEXURES Annexure 1: EC Application for ToR to EAC, MoEFCC ................................................................... 223 Annexure 2: Terms of Reference (ToR) Letter from EAC, MoEFCC dated 15th July, 2016 ................. 224 Annexure 3: Land Possession Documents ................................................................................... 228 Annexure 4: In Principle Approval for Coal Supply ....................................................................... 242 Annexure 5: In principle Water Permission from GWIL ................................................................. 243 Annexure 6: Permission for Hazardous Waste Disposal & Incineration ........................................... 244 Annexure 7: Coal Analysis Report ............................................................................................... 246 Annexure 8: Long Term Meteorological Data (1981 – 2010) – IMD, New Kandla ............................ 248 Annexure 9: Classification of Land Use and Land Cover ................................................................ 250 Annexure 10: CPCB’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards ....................................................... 256 Annexure 11: Detailed Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring .................................................. 258 Annexure 12: Impact Assessment Methodology ........................................................................... 262 Annexure 13: Air Dispersion Modeling Results and Isopleths ........................................................ 272 Annexure 14: Detailed Traffic Survey Sheets ............................................................................... 290 Annexure 15: Methodology of Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification ..................................... 299 Annexure 16: Nabet Certificate of EIA Consultant (Kadam Environmental Consultants) .................. 302

LIST OF MAPS Map 2-1: General Location Map of Project Site .............................................................................. 16 Map 2-2: Specific Location Map of Project Site .............................................................................. 18 Map 2-3: Site Layout Map ............................................................................................................ 20 Map 2-4: Combined Layout Plan (Existing Unit & Proposed Unit) .................................................... 22 Map 3-1: Study Area Map – 10 Km from Project Site ..................................................................... 72 Map 3-2: Sampling Location Map ................................................................................................. 74 Map 3-3: Land Use Map ............................................................................................................... 86

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Brief Description of the Project ....................................................................................... 2 Table 1-2: Statutory Clearances / Permissions required from Concerned Ministries or Bodies .............. 4 Table 1-3: Compliance with the Terms of Reference ........................................................................ 5 Table 2-1: Co-ordinates of Project Boundary ................................................................................. 16 Table 2-2: Area Breakup of the Site .............................................................................................. 19 Table 2-3: List of Proposed Products and Production Capacity ........................................................ 21 Table 2-4: Project Implementation Schedule ................................................................................. 24 Table 2-5: Mass Balance – Caustic Soda ....................................................................................... 29 Table 2-6: Mass Balance – Caustic Potash ..................................................................................... 29 Table 2-7: Mass Balance – Sodium Hypo Chloride .......................................................................... 30 Table 2-8: Mass Balance – Hydrogen Peroxide .............................................................................. 32 Table 2-9: Mass Balance – Aluminum Chloride .............................................................................. 33 Table 2-10: Mass Balance – Poly Aluminum Chloride ...................................................................... 34 Table 2-11: Mass Balance – Calcium Chloride ................................................................................ 35 Table 2-12: Mass Balance – Para Amino Phenol ............................................................................. 36 Table 2-13: Mass Balance – Hydrogenated Products ...................................................................... 38 Table 2-14: Mass Balance – MCB .................................................................................................. 40 Table 2-15: Mass Balance – ODCB & PDCB ................................................................................... 41 Table 2-16: Mass Balance – Mono Chloro Acetic Acid ..................................................................... 43 Table 2-17: Mass Balance – Chlorinated Paraffin Wax (CPW) .......................................................... 45 Table 2-18: Fuel Details ............................................................................................................... 48 Table 2-19: Details of Raw Materials, Physical State & Means of Storage ......................................... 48 Table 2-20: Details of Stacks, Fuel Used and APCM attached to Flue Gas Stacks .............................. 53 Table 2-21: Details of Stacks, APCM attached to Process Gas Stacks / Vents ................................... 53 Table 2-22: Technical Details of Proposed APCM ........................................................................... 54 Table 2-23: Water Consumption and Waste Water Generation Details ............................................. 56 Table 2-24: Characteristics of Wastewater Streams ....................................................................... 58 Table 2-25: Inlet and Outlet Characteristics of Wastewater for ETP-1.............................................. 59 Table 2-26: Inlet and Outlet Characteristics of Wastewater for ETP-2.............................................. 62 Table 2-27: MEE Feed Quality ...................................................................................................... 62 Table 2-28: Categorization, Storage and Disposal of Waste ............................................................ 68 KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Table 2-29: Operational Controls at Design Stage .......................................................................... 70 Table 3-1: Predominant Wind Direction based on Long-term Data .................................................. 76 Table 3-2: Average Meteorological Condition based on Long-term Data .......................................... 76 Table 3-3: Monitoring Methodology of Meteorological Data ............................................................ 77 Table 3-4: Average Meteorological Data at Varsana Village ............................................................ 78 Table 3-5: Mean Meteorological Data of Varsana Village ................................................................ 78 Table 3-6: Collation of Meteorological data – Summer Season ........................................................ 81 Table 3-7: GPS Reading Enumerating the Land Use Features in Study Area ..................................... 82 Table 3-8: Area Statistic for Land Use / Land Cover Categories in the Study Area ............................ 83 Table 3-9: Important Features within the Study Area ..................................................................... 84 Table 3-10: Ponds within 5 Km from Project Site ........................................................................... 85 Table 3-11: Methodology of Analyzing Ambient Air Monitoring Parameters ...................................... 87 Table 3-12: AAQM Locations with Justification ............................................................................... 88 Table 3-13: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results ....................................................................... 90 Table 3-14: Noise Level Monitoring Methodology ........................................................................... 92 Table 3-15: Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise for Different Areas/Zones .................. 93 Table 3-16: Noise Level Monitoring Locations ................................................................................ 93 Table 3-17: Noise Level Monitoring Results ................................................................................... 94 Table 3-18: Analysis Methodology for Analyzing Surface & Ground Water Samples .......................... 95 Table 3-19: Surface Water Sampling Locations – Ponds and River .................................................. 97 Table 3-20: Surface Water (Ponds) Analysis Results ...................................................................... 99 Table 3-21: Surface Water (River) Analysis Results ...................................................................... 100 Table 3-22: Ground Water Sampling Locations ............................................................................ 101 Table 3-23: Ground Water (Borewells) Analysis Results ............................................................... 103 Table 3-24: Soil Sampling Locations ........................................................................................... 106 Table 3-25: Methodology for Analyzing Soil Samples .................................................................... 107 Table 3-26: Soil Analysis Results ................................................................................................ 108 Table 3-27: Water Birds Recorded in the Nearest Water Bodies .................................................... 110 Table 3-28: Floral Species Reported from the Proposed Project Site / Core Zone ........................... 111 Table 3-29: Flora Reported from Buffer Zone of the Study Area .................................................... 111 Table 3-30: Herpetofauna Reported from Buffer Zone ................................................................. 113 Table 3-31: Avifauna Reported from Core Zone / Project Site ....................................................... 113 Table 3-32: Birds Reported from Buffer Zone .............................................................................. 113 KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Table 3-33: Mammals Reported from the Buffer Zone .................................................................. 115 Table 3-34: Marine Fish Diversity ............................................................................................... 116 Table 3-35: Approach and Methodology for Conducting the SE Study............................................ 117 Table 3-36: Demographic Status of the Study Area ...................................................................... 119 Table 3-37: Population and Sex Ratio ......................................................................................... 120 Table 3-38: SC/ST Population in Study Area ................................................................................ 120 Table 3-39: Literacy Rate in Study Area ...................................................................................... 121 Table 3-40: Education Facility .................................................................................................... 122 Table 3-41: Medical Facility ........................................................................................................ 123 Table 3-42: Source of Drinking Water ......................................................................................... 123 Table 3-43: Occupation Patterns ................................................................................................ 126 Table 4-1: Aspect – Impact Identification from Proposed Project .................................................. 129 Table 4-2: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Air Environment ....................................... 134 Table 4-3: Assumptions for Calculating Emission Estimate for Point Source ................................... 136 Table 4-4: Emission Estimate from Flue Gas Stacks ..................................................................... 137 Table 4-5: Emission Estimate from Process Stacks ....................................................................... 137 Table 4-6: Emission Estimate from Volume Source ...................................................................... 137 Table 4-7: Summary of Air Dispersion Modeling for Proposed Stacks ............................................. 139 Table 4-8: Maximum Incremental GLC from Proposed Project ...................................................... 139 Table 4-9: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-6, from Bhachau to Gandhidham ................. 142 Table 4-10: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-6, from Gandhidham to Bhachau ................ 142 Table 4-11: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-50, from Bhimasar to Anjar ........................ 142 Table 4-12: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-50, from Anjar to Bhimasar ........................ 142 Table 4-13: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Noise Environment .................................. 144 Table 4-14: Sources of Noise with their Sound Pressure Levels ..................................................... 145 Table 4-15: Noise Level at Receptor Locations (Based on SoundPlan) ........................................... 145 Table 4-16: Predictive Cumulative Noise Levels ........................................................................... 146 Table 4-17: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Water Environment ................................. 150 Table 4-18: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Land Environment ................................... 153 Table 4-19: Activity-Aspect Based Determination of Impacting Ecological Components ................... 156 Table 4-20: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Ecology & Biodiversity ............................. 158 Table 4-21: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Resource Depletion ................................. 160 Table 5-1: Alternative Site Selection Criteria ................................................................................ 161 KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Table 6-1: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Air Environment ........................................ 164 Table 6-2: Traffic Management Plan ........................................................................................... 167 Table 6-3: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Noise Environment .................................... 168 Table 6-4: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Water Environment ................................... 169 Table 6-5: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Land Environment ..................................... 170 Table 6-6: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Ecology and Biodiversity ............................ 171 Table 6-7: Environmental Monitoring and Management Cost ........................................................ 172 Table 6-8: Post EC Environmental Monitoring Plan ....................................................................... 173 Table 7-1: Details of Flammable Raw Materials ........................................................................... 175 Table 7-2: Results of Consequence Analysis for Benzene .............................................................. 176 Table 7-3: Results of Consequence Analysis for Methanol............................................................. 177 Table 7-4: Toxic Dose Effect Distance for Benzene ...................................................................... 177 Table 7-5: Toxc Dose Effect Distance for Chlorine ....................................................................... 177 Table 7-6: Details of Proposed Non–Respiratory PPEs .................................................................. 195 Table 7-7: Details of Proposed Respiratory PPEs .......................................................................... 195 Table 7-8: Details of Proposed Fire Extinguishers at Site .............................................................. 195 Table 7-9: Emergency Contact Details ........................................................................................ 196 Table 10-1: Plant Species Suggested for Greenbelt and Landscaping at Various Locations .............. 201 Table 10-2: Budget for Proposed Greenbelt Development within Project Site ................................. 201 Table 10-3: List of plant species for Plantation in LIZ Area ........................................................... 202 Table 10-4: Budget for Additional Greenbelt / Habitat Improvement Programme ........................... 202 Table 10-5: Issues Raised by Respondents of Core Zone .............................................................. 204 Table 10-6: Budgetary Provision for Ten Years ............................................................................ 206 Table 11-1: List of Proposed Products ......................................................................................... 207 Table 11-2: Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................................. 216 Table 12-1: EIA Team Member .................................................................................................. 220

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1: Block Diagram for Caustic Soda Manufacturing ............................................................. 27 Figure 2-2: Block Diagram for Hydrogen Peroxide Manufacturing .................................................... 32 Figure 2-3: Block Diagram for Poly Aluminum Chloride Manufacturing ............................................. 34 Figure 2-4: Block Diagram for Calcium Chloride Manufacturing ....................................................... 35 KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Figure 2-5: Block Diagram for Hydrogenated Product Manufacturing ............................................... 38 Figure 2-6: Block Diagram for MCB Manufacturing ......................................................................... 39 Figure 2-7: Block Diagram for ODCB & PDCB Manufacturing ........................................................... 41 Figure 2-8: Block Diagram for Chlorination of Toluene Manufacturing ............................................. 42 Figure 2-9: Block Diagram for Mono Chloro Acetic Acid Manufacturing ............................................ 43 Figure 2-10: Block Diagram for CPW Manufacturing ....................................................................... 44 Figure 2-11: PFD – Power Plant ................................................................................................... 46 Figure 2-12: PFD for HCl Scrubbing System .................................................................................. 54 Figure 2-13: Water Balance Diagram ............................................................................................ 57 Figure 2-14: Process Block Diagram – ETP 1 ................................................................................. 61 Figure 2-15: Process Block Diagram – ETP 2 ................................................................................. 65 Figure 3-1: Project Site on Toposheet No. F42E4 (Gandhidham, Gujarat) ........................................ 73 Figure 3-2: Windrose Diagram for Summer Season – 2016............................................................. 80 Figure 3-3: Earthquake zoning map of Gujarat ............................................................................ 105 Figure 4-1: Data Flow in AERMOD Modeling System .................................................................... 138 Figure 4-2: Isopleths Generated During Day Time ....................................................................... 147 Figure 4-3: Isopleths Generated During Night Time ..................................................................... 148 Figure 7-1: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (2 mm Leak & WC 5/F) .......................... 178 Figure 7-2: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Benzene (2 mm Leak & WC 5/F) .............................. 178 Figure 7-3: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (10 mm Leak & EC 5/F) ......................... 178 Figure 7-4: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (10 mm Leak & WC 5/F) ........................ 179 Figure 7-5: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Benzene (10 mm Leak & WC 5/F) ............................ 179 Figure 7-6: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 6/B) ........... 179 Figure 7-7: Max Conc. - Distance Contour of Benzene (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 5/F) ................ 180 Figure 7-8: Late Explosion - Distance Contour of Benzene (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 4/D) .......... 180 Figure 7-9: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Methanol (2 mm Leak & WC 6/B) ......................... 180 Figure 7-10: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Methanol (10 mm Leak & WC 5/F) ..................... 181 Figure 7-11: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Methanol (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 6/B) ......... 181 Figure 7-12: Late Explosion - Distance Contour of Methanol (Catastrophic rupture & WC 5/F) ......... 181 Figure 7-13: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Chlorine (2 mm leak & WC 5/F) ............................. 182 Figure 7-14: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Chlorine (10 mm leak & WC 5/F) ............................ 182 Figure 7-15: Organization Chart of Factory .................................................................................. 187

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LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS Photograph 2-1: Photogharphs of Proposed Project Site ................................................................ 51 Photograph 3-1: Photographs Showing Different Type of Land Use in Study Area ............................ 82 Photograph 3-2: Photographs of AAQ Sampling Stations ................................................................ 88 Photograph 3-3: Photographs of Noise Level Monitoring Stations .................................................... 94 Photograph 3-4: Photographs of Surface Water Sampling .............................................................. 98 Photograph 3-5: Photographs of Ground Water Sampling............................................................. 101 Photograph 3-6: Photographs of Soil Sampling ............................................................................ 106 Photograph 3-7: Photographs Showing Core Zone /Project Site .................................................... 111 Photograph 3-8: Avifauna Sighted from the Buffer Zone .............................................................. 115 Photograph 3-9: Photographs Showing Mangroves in study area Areas ......................................... 116 Photograph 3-10: Educational Facilities in the Study Area ............................................................ 122 Photograph 3-11: Road Connectivity near Site ............................................................................. 124 Photograph 3-12: Post Offices and Bank Facilities in Study Area ................................................... 125 Photograph 3-13: Animal Husbandry in the Study Area ................................................................ 125 Photograph 3-14: Place of Religious Importance in the Study Area ............................................... 127

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS AAQM

:

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

AAS

:

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

AERMIC

:

American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model Improvement Committee

AERMOD

:

AMS/EPA Regulatory Model

ALARP

:

As Low As Reasonably Practicable

ANP

:

Ammonium Nitro Phosphate

APCM

:

Air Pollution Control Measures

APHA

:

American Public Health Association

BLEVE

:

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion

BOD

:

Biological Organic Demand

BSI

:

British Standards Institution

CAS

:

Chemical Abstracts Service

CCA

:

Consolidated Consent and Authorization

CCTV

:

Closed Circuit Television

CETP

:

Central Effluent Treatment Plant

cGMP

:

Current Good Manufacturing Practices

CIB

:

Central Insecticides Board

CO

:

Carbon Monoxide

COD

:

Chemical Oxygen Demand

CLSL

:

Crop Life Science Limited

CPCB

:

Central Pollution Control Board

CRO

:

Control Room Officer

CSR

:

Corporate Social Responsibility

CTO

:

Consent to Operate

dB

:

Decibels

DCP

:

Dry Chemical Powder

DCS

:

Distributed Control System

DG

:

Diesel Generator

DM

:

De-mineralization

DMP

:

Disaster Management Plan

EAC

:

Expert Appraisal Committee

EC

:

Environmental Clearance

ECG

:

Electrocardiogram

EIA

:

Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP

:

Environmental Management Plan

EMS

:

Environmental Management Systems

ENVIS

:

Environmental Information System

ERPG

:

Emergency Response Planning Guideline

ETP

:

Effluent Treatment Plant

FAE

:

Functional Area Expert

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FFA

:

Falling Film type Absorbers

GC

:

Gas Chromatography

GHGs

:

Green House Gases

GIDC

:

Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation

GoG

:

Government of Gujarat

GoI

:

Government of India

GPCB

:

Gujarat Pollution Control Board

GPS

:

Global Positioning System

GSI

:

Geological Survey of India

GSPL

:

Gujarat State Petronet Limited

HB

:

Hemoglobin

HCs

:

Hydro-Carbons

HCl

:

Hydrochloric Acid

HDPE

:

High-Density PolyEthylene

HRT

:

Hydraulic Retention Time

HSD

:

High Speed Diesel

Hz

:

Hertz

IAA

:

Impact Assessment Authority

IC

:

Incident Controller

IDLH

:

Immediately Dangerous to Life & Health

IL&FS

:

Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services Limited

IMD

:

India Meteorological Department

INR

:

Indian Rupees

IPP

:

Import Party Prices

IRC

:

Indian Roads Congress

IS

:

Indian Standards

ISLM

:

Integrating Sound Level Measurement

ISO

:

International Organization for Standardization

ITI

:

Industrial Training Institute

IUCN

:

The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

JCB

:

Joseph Cyril Bamford

Kadam / KEC

:

Kadam Environmental Consultants

KCIL

:

Kutch Chemical Industries Limited

kPa

:

Kilo Pascal

kVA

:

Kilo Volt Amperes

LAN

:

Local Area Network

LCL

:

Lethal Concentration Low

LDO

:

Light Diesel Oil

LDPE

:

Low-Density PolyEthylene

LIZ

:

Likely Impact Zone

LSIR

:

Location Specific Individual Risk

MCAS

:

Maximum Credible Accident Scenario

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MCPA

:

2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid

MCC

:

Motor Control Center

MEE

:

Multiple Effect Evaporator

MLSS

:

Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids

MTA

:

Metric Tons Per Annum

MTPD

:

Metric Tons Per Day

MoEFCC

:

Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change

MSDS

:

Material Safety Data Sheet

MW

:

Mega Watt

MWC

:

Main Works Controller

NAAQES

:

National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Series

NABET

:

National Accreditation Board of Education & Training

NABL

:

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

NG

:

Natural Gas

NH

:

National Highway

NH3

:

Ammonia

NIHL

:

Noise Induced Hearing Loss

NITT

:

National Institute of Technical Training

NOC

:

No Objection Certificate

NOx

:

Oxides of Nitrogen

NRSA

:

National Remote Sensing Agency

OCP

:

Operational Control Procedures

OHS

:

Occupational Health & Safety

OM

:

Office Memorandum

OSHAS

:

Occupation Health and Safety Assessment Series

P&ID

:

Piping and Instrumentation Diagram

PCM

:

Pollution Control Measures

PCU

:

Passenger Car Unit

PEL

:

Permissible Exposure Level

PESO

:

Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organization

PFD

:

Process Flow Diagram

PFR

:

Pre-Feasibility Report

PFT

:

Pulmonary Function Test

PGVCL

:

Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Limited

pH

:

Power of Hydrogen

PHAST

:

Process Heating Assessment and Survey Tool

PM

:

Particulate Matter

PP

:

Polypropylene

PPE

:

Personal Protective Equipment

ppm

:

Parts per Million

PUCC

:

Pollution Under Control Certificates

PVC

:

Poly Vinyl Chloride

QC

:

Quality Council

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QCI

:

Quality Council of India

QRA

:

Quantitative Risk Assessment

GLC

:

Ground Level Concentration

R&D

:

Research & Development

RA

:

Risk Assessment

RO

:

Regional Officer

RO

:

Reverse Osmosis

SEIAA

:

State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority

SEZ

:

Special Economic Zone

SGPT

:

Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (Liver Test)

SH

:

State Highway

SMC

:

Site Main Controller

SPCB

:

State Pollution Control Board

SPL

:

Sound Pressure Level

SO2

:

Sulphur Dioxide

SOI

:

Survey of India

SOP

:

Standard of Procedure

SS

:

Suspended Solids

STEL

:

Short Time Exposure Limit

TCL

:

Toxic Concentration Low

TCM

:

Tri-Chloro Melamine

TDS

:

Total Dissolved Solids

TEFR

:

Techno-Economic Feasibility Report

TFD

:

Thin Film Dryer

TLV

:

Threshold Limit Value

TOC

:

Total Organic Carbon

ToR

:

Terms of Reference

TREM

:

Transport Emergency Card

TSDF

:

Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility

USEPA

:

United States Environmental Protection Agency

VOCs

:

Volatile Organic Compounds

ZLD

:

Zero Liquid Discharge

ZSI

:

Zoological Survey of India

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LIST OF PERSONS AND INSTITUTIONS MET S. No.

Name of Person Met

Designation / Village

KCIL Personnel 1

Mr. Shiv Lal Goyal

Director

2

Mr. Kailash Goyal

Director

3

Mr. Jayprakash Goyal

Director

4

Mr. Surendra Goyal

Director

5

Mr. Jayprakash Goyal

Director

6

Mr. B H Patel

Technical Advisor

7

Mr. K N Mehta

VP – Commercial

8

Mr. Bharat Shah

VP – Finance

9

Mr. Dinesh Purohit

Site Head – KCIL

10

Mr. Vishnu R Pandya

VP – Site KCIL

11

Mr. Hastings Rajyaguru

Sr. Manager – Environment

12

Mr. Sumit Tiwari

Executive

13

Mr. D B Jain

Caustic Chlorine Consultant

14

Mr. Ajay Shah

Power Plant Consultant

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1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

Kutch Chemical Industries Limited (KCIL) proposes to set up separate stand alone independent Unit-2 for manufacturing of new Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals along with Coal based Captive Power Plant at Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Varsana Village of Anjar Taluka, Kachchh District, Gujarat State.

1.1

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

Purpose of the report is to identify environmental aspects, impacts & mitigation measures arising out from the proposed Greenfield multipurpose plant for manufacturing of various technical grade pesticides and prepare EIA/EMP and RA/DMP report as per ToR issued by MoEFCC on 15th July, 2016 and seek environmental clearance. This report is prepared based on ‘General Structure of EIA’ given in Appendix III and IIIA of mentioned EIA Notification.

1.2

IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT & PROJECT

1.2.1

Project Proponent & Existing Unit

M/s Kutch Chemical Industries Limited (KCIL) is one of flagship companies of Goyal Group of Industries, headed by Mr. Shiv Lal Goyal and other directors, namely Mr. Kailash Chandra Goyal, Mr. Jay Prakash Goyal, Mr. Piragchand Goyal & Ms. Kanta Goyal. KCIL is engaged in manufacturing and export of various Chemicals used as intermediates in Pharma, Agro, Plasticizer & Dyes sectors. It is one of the leading & fastest growing chemical manufacturing companies in Gujarat. Incorporated in 2002, KCIL is an ISO 9001: 2008, ISO 14001: 2004 and an OSHAS 18001:2007 certified company. Group’s total turnover is more than INR 1,200 Crores. Out of which more than 20% is coming from Export. Promoters have vast experience in the manufacturing field of industrial and specialty chemicals. Their global reach spreads over many countries along with local presence in Gujarat state through multiple dedicated distribution channels. KCIL’s net worth as on 31st March 2015 was INR 172 Crores. KCIL’s total revenue for 2014-15 was INR 726 Crores. Out of which INR 147 Crores was from Export. Thus 20.25% revenue was from Export. They have established aggressive growth plans for its business with a well-defined pathway for the next several years. Led by a strong and enthusiastic team of technocrats, the company is capable in executing plans for organic growth in the near & medium term. Their existing plant is situated at Village- Padana near Gandhidham in Kutch district. It is engaged in manufacturing of chlorination, Nitration and hydrogenation of hydro carbon. Various Chlorine based chemicals like CPW, Chloro-Benzenes, Thionyl Chloride, Chloro-Sulfonic acid etc. are manufactured. It also has a Sulfuric acid plant of 1,50,000 MTA capacity.

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1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

At KCIL, 225 MT (Approx.) of Chlorine & 125 MT (Approx.) of Caustic Soda are consumed on daily basis. At present Liquid chlorine & Caustic Soda are procured from various Chlor-Alkali plants located in different parts of Gujarat, like Bhavnagar, Vadodara, Dahej etc. 1.2.2

Proposed Project

As a part of backward integration, it is planned to set up separate stand alone independent Unit-2 a Caustic-Chlorine plant of 600 TPD in phased manner so as to meet its present & future Chlorine requirement of downstream projects. Land admeasuring 74 Acres is already acquired for setting up proposed new unit i.e. Unit-2. Further various down steam products based on Chlorine like AAC, PAC, calcium chloride, PAP, MCA, CPW, OCB, MCB, DCB, TCB, Chloro-Toluenes etc. are proposed in the project. For gainful & effective utilization of Hydrogen gas, it is planned to set up Hydrogen Peroxide plant of 100 TPD (On 100% H2O2 basis) along with downstream products involving hydrogenation of hydrocarbon, nitro hydrocarbon & chloro hydrocarbon like Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA/PA, DCA / PCA / MCA, OPDA / PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xylidine. In order to meet the power requirement of the new complex, it is proposed to set up a Captive Coal based co-generation 100 MW Power plant. Project is for manufacturing of Chlor- Alkali products, chemicals based on chlorine & hydrogen along with coal based captive power plant. Thus, the proposed products falls under 4(d), Chlor-Alkali Industry, 5(f) – Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry & 1(d), Thermal Power Plant ‘Project or Activities’ listed within the Category to the EIA Notification dated September 14 th, 2006 (amended till date). This project is classified as Category “A” project.

1.3

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY & REGION

1.3.1

Brief Description of the Project

The brief description of the project is given in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1: Brief Description of the Project S No.

Details

Description

1

Nature

Manufacturing of new Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals along with Coal based Captive Power Plant.

2

Size

3

Location

Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Varsana Village of Anjar Taluka, Kachchh District, Gujarat State.

4

Cost of the project

~ 1,000 Crore.

1.3.2

Plot Area: 74 Acres (~ 2,99,475 m2). Product and their capacities are shown in Table 2-3.

Importance of Project to the Country and the Region

Amongst the products proposed, hydrogenated products & chlorination products are already being manufactured at the company’s current facility.

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1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

The additional products proposed are backward integration of the company’s current products and have a great demand both global and domestic. The demand is envisaged to increase rapidly in the domestic market. India is net deficit of Caustic Soda / Caustic Potash and hence regular import is coming. Gujarat & Maharashtra are leading Industrial States of India and hence regular import of Caustic Soda / Caustic Potash is taking place at Kandla & Nahva Shava ports. Hence sell of Caustic Soda / Caustic Potash shall be easily get absorbed as import substitute in domestic market. Chlorine is a co-product of Caustic Soda / Caustic Potash. Being a gaseous and hazardous product, it has to be consumed either captively or in nearby area. Presently we are consuming Chlorine @ 225 MT per day and further Chlorine based Products are also proposed as a part of expansion. Hence we shall be able to consume total production of Chlorine in-house captively. Hydrogen is also a co-product while making Caustic Soda / Caustic Potash. Our group company is already manufacturing Specialty Chemicals based on hydrogenation process. Moreover India is regularly importing products like Para Amino Phenol, Aniline, OA / PA and hence we shall be able to sell in domestic market as Import substitute. It is therefore proposed to use hydrogen fully by setting up downstream hydrogen process based products like Hydrogen Peroxide, Para Amino Phenol, Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA / PA, DCA / PCA / MCA, ODPA / PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xylidine. Hydro Chloric Acid which is being produced as a co-product is proposed to use as a raw material for making Calcium Chloride. The Calcium Chloride is being largely used by oil and gas exploration sector in Middle East Asia and as De-iceing material in cold countries. We are already exporting this product and hence have experience of global market. Poly aluminum chloride is using as water treatment chemical for which we have large domestic market. With change in global economic scenario, focus is shifting from China and India is now emerging as strong global base manufacturing hub. Our proposed location of Project is within India’s largest salt producing belt in Kutch (Gujarat) which assure availability of main raw material at lowest price. We also have added advantage of producing coal base power at the lowest cost. This is because of having proximity advantage of nearest Kandla Port where large quantity of coal is being regularly imported. More so, this proximity advantage of Kandla Port (14 Km away) & Mundra Port (55 Km away) reduce logistic cost significantly for export of our Products in the world market. In view of this, we shall have global competitiveness for the Products which are based on Caustic Soda, Chlorine & Hydrogen. In view of having very good hands on experience of Chemical processes like Chlorination, Nitration & Hydrogenation, we have proposed various downstream Products as under: 

  

Hydrogenation of Hydrocarbon, Nitro Hydrocarbon & Chloro Hydrocarbon like Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA / PA, DCA / PCA / MCA, ODPA / PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xylidine, Para Amino Phenol; Chlorination of hydrocarbon such as MCB, DCB, ODCB, PDCB, TCB; Chlorination of toluene such as Benzyl chloride, Benzal Chloride, Benzal Trichloride, MCA, CPW; Moreover India is regularly importing products like Para Amino Phenol, Aniline, OA / PA and hence we shall be able to sell in domestic market as Import substitute.

Many of proposed products have got very good export potential which can lead to forex revenues for the country.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

1.4

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

As a part of Environmental Clearance process, KCIL uploaded and submitted relevant documents, namely Form – 1 (as per the EIA Notification, 2006, as amended), along with a Pre-feasibility Report and Proposed Terms of Reference (ToRs) for carrying out Environmental Studies, to the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) MoEFCC on 10th March, 2016, vide letter KCIL/EC/MoEF/2016/01 dated 09th March, 2016 as attached as Annexure 1. Proposal was accepted by Member Secretary on 11th May, 2016. Based on the information contained in the documents submitted, the project has been awarded file no. J-11011/101/2016- IA II(I). Presentation has been made during the 8th Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry – 2) meeting held on 26th May, 2016 to the EAC. ToRs has been finalized to conduct the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) & Environmental Management Plan (EMP) studies, vide its letter dated 15th July, 2016 as attached as Annexure 2. 1.4.1

General Clearance and Other Permissions

KCIL shall obtain required statutory permission and clearances from concerned authorities. Details of permits and clearance as applicable to this project are provided in Table 1-2.

Table 1-2: Statutory Clearances / Permissions required from Concerned Ministries or Bodies S No.

Legal Instruments

1

Factory License

2

The Factories Act, 1948

3

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules, 1975, as amended to date.

4

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 and Rules, 1978, as amended to date.

5

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules, 1982, as amended to date.

6

The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical rules, 1989, as amended to date.

7

The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2008 as amended to date.

8

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rules, 1986, as amended to date

9

Chemical accidents (Emergency Planning, preparedness and response) Rules, 1996

10

The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 & The Central Motor Vehicle rules, 1989

11

The Petroleum Act, 1934 & Rules, 2002.

12

The Explosive Act, 1884 and rules, 1983 as amended to date

13

The Gas Cylinders Rules, 2004

14

The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels (Unfired) Rules, 1981

15

The Biomedical waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 as amended to date

16

The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001, as amended to date

17

The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 as amended to date

18

E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 as amended to date

19

Electricity Rule, 2005

20

Consents from GPCB

21

Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 as amended to date

22

The Bureau of Indian Standards Act

23

Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and Rules, 1991 as amended to date

24

The Custom Act, 1962

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

1.5

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

As per the ToR letter, scope of work for this EIA studies and preparation of detailed EIA/EMP report includes collection of baseline data with respect to major environmental components, viz. Air, Noise, Water, Land, Biological and Socio-economic components for one season. This EIA report complies with Terms of Reference given by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry – 2), Impact Assessment Authority (IAA). Summarized details of the same is tabulated in Table 1-3.

Table 1-3: Compliance with the Terms of Reference S. No.

TOR Point

A.

Specific TOR:

1

Details on solvents to be used, measures for solvent recovery and for emissions control.

Details of Solvent: Chapter 2, Section 2.9, Pg. 49.

2

Details of process emissions from the proposed unit and its arrangement to control.

Details of process emissions and APCM: Chapter 2, Section 2.12, Pg. 51.

3

Ambient air quality data should include VOC, etc.,

AAQM Results: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.4, Pg. 90.

4

Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous chemicals

Work zone monitoring arrangements for hazardous chemicals shall be in place.

5

Detailed effluent treatment scheme including segregation of effluent streams for units adopting 'Zero' liquid discharge.

Details of Effluent treatment scheme: Chapter 2, Section 2.14, Pg.56.

6

Action plan for odour control to be submitted.

Odor control plan: Chapter 2, Section 2.12.1, Pg. 55.

7

A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they co-process organic solid/hazardous waste generated.

MOU with cement manufactures shall be made.

8

Authorization/Membership for the disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF, if any.

Authorization/Membership from TSDF: Annexure 6.

9

Action plan for utilization of MEE/dryers salts.

Salts from MEE & Dryer shall be sent to authorized TSDF.

10

Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are being used/will be used.

Provided in Softcopy.

11

Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF are being used/will be used.

Covered in Point No. 8

12

Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF.

Covered in Point No. 8 & 11.

13

Risk assessment for storage and handling of hazardous chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety system to be incorporated.

14

Arrangements for ensuring health and safety of workers engaged in handling of toxic materials.

Health and safety of workers details: Chapter 7, Section 7.4.2, Pg. 194.

15

Details on demand of the product- chlorine and its associated products.

Demand of products: Chapter 2, Section 2.4.1, Pg. 21.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Compliance in EIA report

Risk Assessment details:

Chapter 7, Section 7.1, Pg. 174.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

S. No.

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

16

Details on raw materials used in the production of chlorine (sodium chloride, potassium chloride, etc.), its storage and handling.

Raw Materials: Chapter 2, Section 2.8, Pg. 48.

17

Details of proposed source - specific pollution control schemes (salt washing, filtration, cell ventilation as, chlorine handling and safety, etc.) and equipments to meet the national standards.

Source specific pollution control schemes: Chapter 2, Section 2.12, Pg. 53.

18

Details on products to rage and handling-chlorine, caustic soda, etc.

Details of products: Chapter 2, Section 2.4, Pg. 19.

19

Details on tail gas treatment.

Not applicable. Water requirement details:

20

Details on requirement of energy and water alongwith its source and authorization from the concerned department.

Chapter 2, Section 2.7.3, Pg. 48. Power requirement details:

Chapter 2, Section 2.7.1, Pg.47.

21

In case of modernization of existing mercury based chlor-alkali plants with membrane cell Process (MBCP) industries or new units in the existing industry premises, remediation measures adopted to restore then environmental quality of the ground water, soil, crop, air, etc., are affected due to salinity and a detailed compliance to the prior environmental clearance/ consent conditions.

22

Details on ground water quality and surface water quality of nearby water sources and other surfaced rains. The parameters of water quality may include Residual chlorine*, TDS*, alkalinity*, pH* & Mercury* (in water & sediment), etc. (*- As applicable)

23

Details on existing ambient air quality and expected, emissions for PM10, PM2.5, SO2*, NOx*, CO2*, CO*, Chlorine*, acid mist* etc., and evaluation of the adequacy of the proposed pollution control devices to meet standards for point sources and to meet AAQ standards. (*As applicable)

Expected Emissions: Chapter 2, Section 2.12.1, Pg. 53.

24

Specific programme to monitor safety and health protection of workers.

As per Point no. 14

25

Risk assessment should also include leakages and location near to caustic soda plant & proposed measures for risk reduction.

As per Point no. 13

26

Details of the emergency preparedness plan for chlorine/ Hydrogen storage, handling and transportation and on- site and off- site disaster management plan.

Details of the emergency preparedness plan & disaster management plan: Chapter 7, Section 7.2, Pg. 182.

Not applicable

Ground water quality: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.7, Pg. 103. Surface water quality: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.7, Pg. 99. AAQM Results: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.4, Pg. 90.

APCM Details: Chapter 2, Section 2.12.1, Pg. 54.

CPP

1

The water requirement shall be optimized (by adopting measures such as dry fly ash and dry bottom ash disposal system, air cooled condenser, concept of zero discharge) and in any case not more than that stipulated by CEA from time to time, to be submitted along with details of source of water and water balance diagram. Details of water balance calculated shall take into account reuse and recirculation of effluents.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ZLD concept will be adopted. All effluent from power plant shall be recycled back in process after required treatment as per: Chapter 2, Section 2.14.2, Pg. 56.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

S. No.

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

2

Optimization of Cycles of Concentration (COC) along with other water conservation measures in the project shall be specified.

Chapter 4, Section 4.4.3, Pg. 149.

3

Plan for recirculation of ash pond water and its implementation shall be submitted.

Recirculation of ash pond water shall be done.

4

Radio activity and heavy metal contents of coal to be sourced shall be examined and submitted along with laboratory reports.

Hg in Coal: Annexure 7.

5

Fuel analysis shall be provided. Details of auxiliary fuel, if any, including its quantity, quality, storage etc. should also be furnished.

6

Quantity of fuel required, its source and characteristics and documentary evidence to substantiate confirmed fuel linkage shall be furnished. The Ministry’s Notification dated 02.01.2014 regarding ash content in coal shall be complied. For the expansion projects, the compliance of the existing units to the said Notification shall also be submitted.

7

Details of transportation of fuel from the source (including port handling) to the proposed plant and its impact on ambient AAQ shall be suitably assessed and submitted. If transportation entails a long distance it shall be ensured that rail transportation to the site shall be first assessed. Wagon loading at source shall preferably be through silo/conveyor belt.

8

Details of fly ash utilization plan as per the latest fly ash Utilization Notification of GOI along with firm agreements / MoU with contracting parties including other usages etc. shall be submitted. The plan shall also include disposal method / mechanism of bottom ash.

B.

Additional TOR

i.

Public hearing to be conducted and issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made.

Shall be commenced.

ii.

Air cooled condenser to be used system.

Air Cooled condenser shall be used.

iii.

Cumulative impact to be assessed in combination to nearby existing unit.

Coal Analysis Report:

Annexure 7. Fuel details: Chapter 2, Section 47, Pg. 48.

Quantity of fuel and its source:

Chapter 2, Section 47, Pg. 48.

Coal shall be transported through covered turcks from nearest port i.e. Kandla / Mundra which are in near vicinity of project site.

Fly ash utilization plan:

Chapter 2, Section 2.6.12, Pg. 46.

Cumulative impact details:

Chapter 2, Section 2.4.2, Pg. 21.

GENERIC TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) IN RESPECT OF INDUSTRY SECTOR 1

Executive Summary

2

Introduction

2.1

Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Executive summary is covered in separate chapter as Chapter 11.

Chapter 12, Section 12.1, Pg. 219.

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

2.2

Information about the project proponent

Chapter 1, Section 1.2, Pg. 1.

2.3

Importance and benefits of the project

About Project Proponent:

3

Importance & benefits of project: Chapter 1, Section 1.3.2, Pg. 2.

Project Description Project Cost:

Chapter 1, Section 1.3.1, Pg. 2. Time of Completion: Chapter 2, Section 2.5, Pg. 23.

3.1

Cost of project and time of completion.

3.2

Products with capacities for the proposed project.

3.3

If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any.

Not Applicable.

3.4

List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of transportation.

Raw materials: Chapter 2, Section 2.8, Pg. 48.

3.5

Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage capacities

Products with capacities:

Chapter 2, Section 2.4.1, Pg. 21.

Air Emissions: Chapter 2, Section 2.12, Pg. 53. 3.6

Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their management.

Effluent details: Chapter 2, Section 2.14.2, Pg. 56. Hazardous waste generation:

Chapter 2, Section 2.15, Pg. 68. Water requirement: Chapter 2, Section 2.7.3, Pg. 48.

3.7

Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract)

Power requirement: Chapter 2, Section 2.7.1, Pg. 47. Water Balance Diagram:

Chapter 2, Section 2.14.4, Pg. 56. Manpower Requirement:

Chapter 2, Section 2.7.4, Pg. 48. Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (quantities) from raw material to products to be provided

Process description: Chapter 2, Section 2.6, Pg. 25.

3.9

Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems.

Hazard idenficiation & safety systems: Chapter 7, Section 7.1, Pg. 174.

3.10

Expansion/modernization proposals:

3.8

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

A

Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing / existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIAEMP report.

Not Applicable

b.

In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.

Not Applicable

4

4.1

Site Details Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered.

Location of project: Chapter 2, Section 2.3, Pg. 15. Justification of selecting site:

Chapter 1, Section 1.3, Pg. 2.

4.2

A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10 Km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all ecosensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places)

4.3

Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site

4.4

Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site.

4.5

Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site.

Chapter 3, Section 3.1, Pg. 72.

4.6

Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate.

Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit:

4.7

Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular.

Photographs of proposed plant site: Chapter 2, Section 2.11, Pg. 51.

4.8

Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area)

Landuse break-up: Chapter 2, Section 2.4.1, Pg. 19.

Toposheet: Chapter 3,

Section 3.12.3, Pg. 73. Site Selection Criteria:

Chapter 5, Section 5.1, Pg. 161. Project Boundary: Chapter 2, Section 2.3.2, Pg. 16. Project site on Google map:

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Chapter 2, Section 2.4.2, Pg. 22.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2) S. No.

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

4.9

A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10 km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area

Major Industries in surrounding area: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.11, Pg. 126.

4.10

Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area shall be included.

Geological features & geohydrological staus: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.8, Pg. 105.

4.11

Details of Drainage of the project upto 5 Km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects)

Not applicable.

4.12

Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land.

Land is acquired in the name of KCIL. Documents are as per:

4.13

R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy.

Not applicable.

5.

Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable):

Annexure 3.

5.1

Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable);

Not Applicable

5.2

Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects involving forest land more than 40 ha)

Not Applicable

5.3

Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted.

Not Applicable

5.4

The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden thereon

Not Applicable

5.5

Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area

Not Applicable

5.6

Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife.

Not Applicable

6

Environmental Status

6.1

Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micrometeorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.

6.2

AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Site specific Met data:

Chapter 3, Section 3.5.2, Pg. 77. AAQM Data: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.4, Pg. 87.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2) S. No.

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

TOR Point

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

Compliance in EIA report

6.3

Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along with – min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report.

6.4

Surface water quality of nearby River (100 m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains at eight locations as per CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines.

6.5

Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details.

6.6

Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be included.

Chapter 3, Section 3.5.7, Pg. 103.

6.7

Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area.

Chapter 3, Section 3.5.6, Pg. 94.

6.8

Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines.

Soil characteristics: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.9, Pg. 108.

6.9

Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc.

Traffic Survey details: Chapter 3, Section 3.5.5, Pg. 142.

6.10

Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished.

6.11

Socio-economic status of the study area.

7

Impact and Environment Management Plan

Detailed AAQM data for 12 weeks: Annexure 11.

Surface water quality data:

Chapter 3, Section 3.5.7, Pg. 99. Not applicable Ground water monitoring data:

Noise monitoring data:

Ecological & Biodiversity status:

Chapter 3, Section 3.5.10, Pg. 109. Socio-economic status:

Chapter 3, Section 3.5.11, Pg. 117.

7.1

Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any.

GLCs: Chapter 4, Section 4.2.1, Pg. 139.

7.2

Water Quality modelling – in case of discharge in water body

Not applicable

7.3

Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be examined.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Impact of transportation:

Chapter 4, Section 4.2.2, Pg. 142.

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

7.4

A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules.

ZLD scheme: Chapter 2, Section 2.14.2, Pg. 56.

7.5

Details of stack emission.

Details of stack emissions and its control: Chapter 2, Section 2.12.1, Pg. 53.

7.6

Measures for fugitive emission control

7.7

Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation.

7.8

Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided.

7.9

Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated.

7.10

Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources.

Rainwater harvesting will be done only in the admin building and from roof top of nearby schools.

7.11

Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures shall be included.

EMP cost breakup: Chapter 6, Section 6.6, Pg. 172.

7.12

Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be submitted.

Fugitive emissions & control:

7.13

8

Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan.

Chapter 2, Section 2.12.1, Pg. 55. Hazardous waste: Chapter 2, Section 2.15, Pg. 67.

Fly ash utilization plan:

Chapter 2, Section 2.6.12, Pg. 46. Greenbelt development plan:

Chapter 10, Section 10.3.4, Pg. 200.

Post-project environmental monitoring: Chapter 6,

Section 6.6, Pg. 173. Onsite Management plan & DMP: Chapter 7, Section 7.2, Pg. 182.

Occupational health

8.1

Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety of all contract and casual workers

8.2

Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the workers’ health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

RH: Chapter 174, Pg. 174196.

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TOR Point

1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

Compliance in EIA report

regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise.

8.3

Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved,

8.4

Annual report of health status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety.

9

Corporate Environment Policy

9.1

Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.

Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors shall be made.

9.2

Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.

EMS shall have well defined aspect & impacts for its normal, abnormal and emergency activities of the process along with mitigation measures and EMPs.

9.3

What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given.

Hierarchical system of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions is given in

Chapter 7, Section 7.1, Pg. 187.

Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report.

Reporting mechanism of reporting of non-compliance / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company is given in

10

Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase.

Iinfrastructure facilities will be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers & truck drivers.

11

Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC)

11.1

Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon.

CSR cost: Chapter 10, Section 10.3.5, Pg. 206.

12

Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections

Proposed project is greenfield. Hence, no any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order

9.4

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1. INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND

TOR Point

Compliance in EIA report

of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case.

passed by any Court of Law against the project.

13

A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TORs.

Agreed and complied.

14

The TORs prescribed shall be valid for a period of three years for submission of the EIA-EMP reports.

Agreed.

The following general points shall be noted: i.

All documents shall be properly indexed, page numbered.

ii.

Period/date of data collection shall be clearly indicated.

iii.

Authenticated English translation of all material in Regional languages shall be provided.

iv.

The letter/application for environmental clearance shall quote the MOEF file No. and also attach a copy of the letter.

v.

The copy of the letter received from the Ministry shall be also attached as an annexure to the final EIA-EMP Report.

vi.

The index of the final EIA-EMP report must indicate the specific chapter and page no. of the EIA EMP Report

vii.

While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the proponents and instructions for the consultants issued by MOEF vide O.M. No. J11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry shall also be followed.

viii.

The consultants involved in the preparation of EIA-EMP report after accreditation with Quality Council of India (QCl) /National Accreditation Board of Education and Training (NABET) would need to include a certificate in this regard in the EIA-EMP reports prepared by them and data provided by other organization/Laboratories including their status of approvals etc. Name of the Consultant and the Accreditation details shall be posted on the EIA-EMP Report as well as on the cover of the Hard Copy of the Presentation material for EC presentation.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Noted & Compled.

NABET Certificate of Kadam by QCI is attached as Annexure 16.

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

This chapter provides a condensed description of those aspects of the project likely to cause environmental effects. Details are described in following sections with regards to type, need, location, size or magnitude of project operations, technology and other related activities.

2.1

TYPE OF PROJECT

KCIL proposes a manufacturing of Chlor- Alkali products, chemicals based on chlorine & hydrogen along with coal based captive power plant. 2.1.1

Condensed Description of Aspects

Based on the type of project, following are the expected aspects:     

Air Emissions having pollutants like PM, SO2, NOx, HCl, Cl2, HC; Waste water generation having organic compounds; Noise generation; Hazardous waste generation; Occupational health, hazards & safety risk.

2.2

NEED FOR THE PROJECT

Need for the proposed products are based on the demand and supply gap in the current market. With increasing utilization of the current products, in future, to carter the requirement of all the products, it is essential to have the proposed manufacturing unit. 2.2.1

Condensed Description of Aspects

Based on the demand and supply gap, the need of the project is justified. Thus, expected aspects due the production of these pesticides will lead to:  

Raised market price of product due to less supply. Batch failure due to uncertain operational variations, to meet the production demand of product in the market.

2.3

LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

2.3.1

General Location of the Site

Project site is located in Varsana Village, Anjar Taluka, of Kachchh district, Gujarat state.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Location map showing general & specific location of proposed project is given in Map 2-1.

Map 2-1: General Location Map of Project Site

2.3.2

Specific Location of Site & Project Boundary

It is located at Survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191. Site is immediately surrounded by vacant and undeveloped land. The base elevation of site is at ~25 m above mean sea level. The co-ordinates of the project site are given in Table 2-1. Location map showing specific location of proposed project is given in Map 2-2.

Table 2-1: Co-ordinates of Project Boundary POINT

LATITUDE

LONGITUDE

A

23°10'9.99"N

70°11'30.91"E

B

23°10'7.42"N

70°11'31.59"E

C

23°10'4.21"N

70°11'26.87"E

D

23°10'8.77"N

70°11'24.52"E

E

23°10'7.05"N

70°11'21.45"E

F

23°10'8.18"N

70°11'19.94"E

G

23°10'6.31"N

70°11'16.64"E

H

23°10'7.19"N

70°11'15.99"E

I

23°10'6.38"N

70°11'14.46"E

J

23°10'8.92"N

70°11'12.01"E

K

23°10'5.95"N

70°11'6.82"E

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

POINT

LATITUDE

LONGITUDE

L

23°10'7.12"N

70°11'5.70"E

M

23°10'10.84"N

70°11'10.64"E

2.3.3

N

23°10'18.65"N

70°11'5.20"E

O

23°10'20.80"N

70°11'9.48"E

P

23°10'21.17"N

70°11'9.29"E

Q

23°10'25.28"N

70°11'19.69"E

R

23°10'24.78"N

70°11'19.84"E

S

23°10'25.16"N

70°11'22.80"E

T

23°10'17.51"N

70°11'23.45"E

U

23°10'17.18"N

70°11'20.45"E

V

23°10'15.92"N

70°11'19.84"E

W

23°10'12.55"N

70°11'20.70"E

X

23°10'13.82"N

70°11'27.73"E

Y

23°10'15.19"N

70°11'32.65"E

Z

23°10'10.44"N

70°11'32.00"E

Approach to the Project Site

The project site is approachable: By Road: Site is well connected to Gandhidham & Ahmedabad via National Highway (NH 8A) at an aerial distance of 500 m in South East Direction. By Rail: Major railway station for public transportation is Gandhidham Railway Station at an aerial distance of ~12 Km in SW Direction from the project site. By Air: Nearest airport from project site is Kandla Airport at an aerial distance of ~ 9.5 Km in SW Direction. By Water: Nearest port is Kandla port at Kandla located at an aerial distance of ~14 Km in S direction. 2.3.4

Condensed Description of Aspects

Based on the location of the project, following are the expected aspects:  

Water withdrawal in water scares area; Change in land use from barren to industrial.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Map 2-2: Specific Location Map of Project Site

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2.4

SIZE AND MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

2.4.1

Proposed Plant

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Size, Land Distribution at Site & Project Site Layout Plot area of the project consists of 74 Acres (~ 2,99,475 m2) area. Land distribution for the proposed project is tabulated in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2: Area Breakup of the Site S. No.

Type of Land Use

Area in m2

% of Total Plot Area

1

Caustic Soda & Caustic Potash Plant

65,700

21.94%

2

H2O2 Plant

12,085

4.04%

3

Water Reservoir

5,000

1.67%

4

SLF area

5,000

1.67%

5

ETP

305

0.10%

6

Organic Units

27,445

9.16%

7

AAC

4,810

1.61%

8

Power Plant

23,370

7.80%

9

Coal Yard

20,750

6.93%

10

Admin Building

320

0.11%

11

Security Office

50

0.02%

12

Green area

1,00,000

33.39%

13

Road Area

14,300

4.78%

14

Ash Dyke

4,400

1.47%

15

Area for Expansion

10,520

3.51%

16

Truck Parking

5,420

1.82%

Total Plot Area

2,99,475

Site layout map of the project is shown in Map 2-3.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Map 2-3: Site Layout Map

Predominant Wind Direction (Annual) is from SW to NE.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Magnitude of the Project The design capacity of proposed products are as mentioned in Table 2-3. Project will be completed in phased manner. Organic units will operate 24 x 7 days a week and 300 days / annum. The balance 65 days will be utilized for product change-over preparation and annual maintenance shutdown.

Table 2-3: List of Proposed Products and Production Capacity S. No.

Name of Product/Byproduct

1

Caustic Chlorine Plant

Production Capacity (MTPA)

1(a)

Caustic Soda (100%) Lye / Prills / Flakes

2,16,000

1(b)

Caustic Potash (100%) Lye / Flakes

36,000

1.1

Chlorine Gas / Liquid

2,12,900

1.2

Hydrogen

6,050

1.3

Hydrochloric acid (32%)

1,80,000

1.4

Sulphuric acid (78-80%)

12,000

1.5

Sodium Hypochlorite

12,000

1.6

Gypsum

3,600

2

Hydrogen Peroxide (100% H2O2 Basis)

36,000

3

Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride

36,000

4.1

Poly Aluminum Chloride (18%)

18,000

4.2

Poly Aluminum Chloride (30%)

18,000

5

Calcium Chloride (100%)

60,000

6

Para Amino Phenol

36,000

Hydrogenation of Hydrocarbon, Nitro Hydrocarbon & Chloro Hydrocarbon like: 7

Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA/PA, DCA / PCA / MCA, OPDA / PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xyldine.

1,20,000*

8

Chlorination of hydrocarbon such as MCB, DCB, ODCB, PDCB, TCB.

9

Chlorination of toluene such as Benzyl Chloride, Benzal Chloride, Benzo Trichloride.

10

Chlorination of Acetic Acid - MCA.

11

Chlorination of Paraffins - CPW

12

Hydrochloric Acid (30%)

1,32,000

13

Coal based Captive Power Plant

100 MW (Capacity)

90,000*

* Total Overall Capacity combining all the products. Product mix will be based on market requirement. 2.4.2

Nearby Existing Unit

Their existing plant is situated adjoining the proposed plant at Village- Padana near Gandhidham in Kutch district. It is engaged in manufacturing of chlorination, Nitration and hydrogenation of hydro carbon. Various Chlorine based chemicals like CPW, Chloro-Benzenes, Thionyl Chloride, Chloro-Sulfonic acid etc. are manufactured. It also has a Sulfuric acid plant of 15,000 MTA capacity. Both the units are different, having separate entry and exit points, admin building, management and manpower. Both units will their own ETPs, utilities and consents to operate from GPCB. Thus, it is insignificatan to predict cumulative impact. Combined Layout plan showing nearby existing unit and proposed plant is shown in Map 2-4. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Map 2-4: Combined Layout Plan (Existing Unit & Proposed Unit)

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2.4.3

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Condensed Description of Aspects

Based on the size and manganite of operation, following are the expected aspects:     

Air Emissions having pollutants like PM, SO2, NOx, HCl, Cl2 & HC. Waste water generation having organic compounds. Hazardous waste generation. Noise generation. Increase in occupational health, hazards & safety risk due to handling of solvents, raw material, finished products and hazardous waste.

2.5

PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION

The construction is likely to start after getting Environmental Clearance from MoEFCC and NOC/CTE from GPCB. Project will be completed in phased manner. Caustic Soda plant will be completed after 24 months. Project implementation schedule describing various activities from finalization of site to project commissioning is tabulated in Table 2-4.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Feb-18

Jan-18

Dec-17

Nov-17

Oct-17

Sep-17

Aug-17

Jul-17

Jun-17

May-17

Apr-17

Mar-17

Feb-17

Jan-17

Dec-16

Nov-16

Oct-16

Sep-16

Aug-16

Activity

Table 2-4: Project Implementation Schedule

Application for PH Tender floating Receipt of Bids/offer Evaluation of offers EC Presentation Application for NOC Environmental Clearance from MoEF Assurance for Water Supply Receipt of NOC Finalization of Contractors Receipt of CTE Procurement of equipment Civil Completion Mechanical Completion Commissioning

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2.6

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION

Project description with process details are described as follows: 2.6.1

Caustic Chlorine Plant (Caustic Soda, 600 TPD & Caustic Potash – 100 TPD)

Process Description: During manufacturing of process of caustic soda, Hydrogen and Chlorine gas as co products are generated. HCl, hypochlorite, dilute H2SO4 are by products.

Brine Preparation, Filtration and Purification This section consists of Salt Handling system, Brine Saturator, Reactor Clarifier, Clarified Brine Tank, Filtration and associated facilities. The depleted brine returned from Electrolyzer is fed to the Brine Saturator and saturated and Salt is added to make it saturated. The salt is continuously fed through a Belt Conveyor System. In order to remove various impurities like Sulfates, Magnesium, Calcium etc., from the brine Chemicals such as barium carbonate, sodium carbonate, caustic soda are added to Saturated brine. After reaction, insoluble are produced which are precipitated out in precipitation tanks & Clarifier. pH of the brine is controlled by the addition of caustic-soda to the brine. The brine, thus clarified, flows into clarified Brine. A part of slurry from the clarifier bottom is sent to Sludge Filter System. The clarified brine is sent to Secondary Brine purification section by clarified brine pump. Secondary Brine Purification Section consists of Anthracite Brine Filters, Polishing filters and Ion Exchange Resin Columns. In this section impurities are removed to ppb level to make brine suitable for Membrane cell electrolyzer. Purified brine is then fed to Electrolyzer.

ELECTROLYSIS Electrolysis section consists of latest version of Membrane Cell Electrolyzer and their associated equipments. In the electrolysis the following reaction takes place. Electrolysis NaCl + H2O

NaOH + ½ Cl2 + ½ H2

Electrolyser consists of number of bipolar type cell frames with the metal anode and the activated cathode, the Ion exchange membrane, press unit for mounting cell frames, sub-headers for feeding anolyte and catholyte, sub-headers, and oil pressure unit which supplies oil to oil cylinders. Anolyte Circulation system is designed to ensure steady and uniform distribution of anolyte to each electrolyzer. A part of the anolyte, is taken out from Anolyte Circulation Tank to Depleted Brine Tank by overflow. The diluted brine collected in Depleted Brine Tank is sent to De-chlorination Tower for removal of Chlorine gas.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Chlorine gas generated in Electrolyser is separated in Anolyte header. Chlorine gas is sent for drying, Filtration, Compression & liquefaction. Catholyte Circulation System is composed of Catholyte Circulation Tank, Catholyte Circulation Pump and Catholyte Cooler. Catholyte is circulated through cathode compartment of cell frames to Catholyte Circulation Tank by Catholyte Circulation Pump. A part of it is taken out from Catholyte i.e. 30%~33% Caustic Soda is sent to Caustic Soda tank which is then fed to caustic evaporation section. Demineralised water is fed to catholyte circulation system to maintain level. Hydrogen gas generated in Electrolyser is separated from the catholyte in the header.

DE- CHLORINATION OF RETURN BRINE Depleted brine returning from electrolysis system contains Chlorine and chlorine is required to be removed before feeding it to saturators. In the De-Chlorination Tower tower, chlorine is stripped together with water vapor, and passed through De-chlorination Tower cooler. The vapor is condensed there and the chlorine gas is sucked by the steam ejector to Ejector Cooler. Steam is condensed and the chlorine gas is then mixed to main stream of chlorine gas product. The remaining traces of free chlorine are removed by adding Sodium sulfite. Return brine is then fed to Return Brine Tank & pumped to salt saturator.

Caustic Concentration For Caustic concentration from 30% to 50%, triple effect energy efficient evaporator system will be adopted. In the Evaporator system 30% caustic solution at 80 0C is fed to third effect evaporator. Steam at 11 kg/cm2a pressure is used as heating media. Caustic Soda lye of 48~50% concentration is produced.

Chlorine Drying, Compression and Liquefaction Chlorine Gas coming out of Anolyte circulation tank contains water vapor saturated at about 900C and has little amount of Sodium Chloride as entrainment. Gas is first washed by process water in a direct contact scrubbing packed tower. It is further cooled to 160 C. The cooled chlorine gas is fed to chlorine Gas Drying Tower. The moisture of chlorine gas is absorbed into 98% Sulfuric Acid. Moisture of Chlorine gas is absorbed in Surfuric acid it gets diluted to 78%. Dry chlorine gas from chlorine Gas Drying Section is compressed to 3.5~ 4 kg/cm2 (a) by using Acid Ring type Compressor. Chlorine gas from compressor is sent to chlorine Gas Liquefaction Unit. Freon 22 is used as refrigerant. The sniff gas from Liquefier is sent to HCI Synthesis unit for burning with Hydrogen to produce HCl. Liquefied chlorine from liquefier is sent to Chlorine Storage Tank. A large quantity of Liquid Chlorine will be vaporized and sent to other units through pipeline to manufacture various Chlorinated products.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Waste Chlorine Neutralization / Sodium Hypochlorite Section In case of plant emergency, Waste chlorine gas from various sections of the plant is diverted to Sodium Hypochlorite Unit. This unit consists of packed tower in which caustic solution is circulated to absorb waste chlorine. After a desired strength of sodium hypochlorite is reached, the solution is sent to a Hypo Reactor. Here it is reacted with fresh chlorine to produce marketable quality Sodium Hypochlorite.

HCL Synthesis The chlorine gas reacts with Hydrogen to form HCI gas which is cooled and absorbed in DM water. The flow rate of DM water is adjusted to obtain 30-33% HCI Solution. Safety Interlocking provisions are made which get actuated by flame protection device. The Hydrochloric Acid Solution is collected in a product tank from where is pumped to main HCI Storage Tanks.

Hydrogen Compression Hydrogen gas is compressed and will be supplied to Hydrogen Peroxide plant & other units consuming Hydrogen as raw material filled in hydrogen cylinders banks of the customers and also stored in cylinder banks.

Caustic Soda Flaking Plant Flaker plant is a double effect evaporator. 48% Caustic is feed to produce 98% Caustic Flakes. Molten Salt (Mixture KNO3, NaNO2 & NaNO3) is used as heating media. Caustic flakes is then cooled and packed using a polythene liner to avoid moisture pick-up as it is a hygroscopic product.

Figure 2-1: Block Diagram for Caustic Soda Manufacturing KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Caustic Potash

Process Description: Manufacturing process for Caustic Potash is similar to that for manufacture of Caustic Soda. The raw material used for manufacture of Caustic Potash is Industrial grade Potassium Chloride (KCl) instead of common salt used for Caustic Soda. For manufacture of Caustic Potash, latest Membrane cell technology shall be adopted. Hydrogen and Chlorine gas produced as the co-product, shall me mixed with those manufactured from Electrolysers of Caustic Soda.

Brine Preparation, Filtration and Purification This section consists of KCl Handling system, Saturator, Chemical dosing system, Clarifier, Clarified Brine Tank, Filtration and associated facilities. The depleted KCl brine returned from Electrolyzer is fed to the Saturator and KCl is added to make it saturated. In order to remove various impurities like Sulfates, Magnesium, Calcium etc., from the Chemicals such as barium carbonate, sodium carbonate, caustic potash are added to saturated brine. After reaction, insolubles are produced which are precipitated out in precipitation tanks & Clarifier. The brine, thus clarified, flows into clarified KCl Brine tank. A part of slurry from the clarifier bottom is sent to Sludge Filter System. The clarified brine is sent to Secondary Brine purification section by clarified brine pump. Secondary Brine Purification Section consists of Anthracite Brine Filters, Polishing filters and Ion Exchange Resin Columns. In this section impurities are removed to ppb level to make brine suitable for Membrane cell electroyzers. Purified KCl brine is then fed to Electrolyzer.

ELECTROLYSIS Electrolysis section consists of latest version of Membrane Cell Electrolysers and their associated equipments. In the electrolysis the following reaction takes place. Electrolysis KCl + H2O

KOH + ½ Cl2 + ½ H2

Electrolyser consists of number of bipolar type cell frames with the metal anode and the activated cathode, the Ion exchange membrane, press unit for mounting cell frames, sub-headers for feeding anolyte and catholyte, sub-headers etc. Anolyte Circulation system is designed to ensure steady and uniform distribution of anolyte to each electrolyzer. A part of the anolyte, is taken out from Anolyte Circulation Tank to Depleted KCl Brine Tank by overflow. The diluted KCl brine collected in Depleted Brine Tank is sent to De-chlorination Tower for removal of Chlorine gas. Chlorine gas generated in Electrolyser is separated in Anolyte Header. Chlorine gas is sent for drying, Filtration, Compression & liquefaction.

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2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Catholyte Circulation System is composed of Catholyte Circulation Tank, Catholyte Circulation Pump and Catholyte Cooler. Catholyte is circulated through cathode compartment of cell frames to Catholyte Circulation Tank by Catholyte Circulation Pump. A part of it is taken out from Catholyte i.e. 30%~33% Caustic Potash is sent to storage tank which is then fed to evaporation section. Demineralised water is fed to catholyte circulation system to maintain level. Hydrogen gas & Chlorine gas generated in Electrolyser are separated from the Catholyte header & Anolyte header. Chlorine gas is mixed with the Chlorine gas generated from Caustic soda plant for further treatment. Hydrogen gas generated from Caustic Potash plant is mixed with Hydrogen generated from Caustic soda plant, for further treatment. Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-5 & Table 2-6.

Table 2-5: Mass Balance – Caustic Soda S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Common Salt

1.55

930

2

Water

1.45

870

3.000

1,800

Total Output/MT of Product Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

Output/ Day of Product MT

1

Caustic Soda Lye (as 50% NaOH)

2

-

-

-

-

1,200

Product

2

Chlorine

0.88

-

-

-

-

528

Co-Product

3

Hydrogen

0.02

-

-

-

12

Co-Product

4

Brine Sludge

-

-

-

-

0.10

60

To TSDF

2.90

-

0

0

0.10

S. No.

Total

Remarks

1,800

3.000

Table 2-6: Mass Balance – Caustic Potash Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Potassium Chloride

1.36

136

2

Water

0.34

34

1.70

170

S. No.

Total Output/MT of Product

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Remarks

29

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

S. No.

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

Output/Day of Product MT

1

Caustic Potash

1

-

-

-

-

100

Product

2

Chlorine

0.634

-

-

-

-

63

Co-Product

3

Hydrogen

0.016

-

-

-

2

Co-Product

4

Brine Sludge

-

-

-

-

0.05

5

To TSDF

1.650

-

0

0

0.05

Total

1.70

170

Sodium Hypo Chloride

Manufacturing Process Sodium Hypochlorite unit is Caustic Soda plant is for De-chlorination of waste air from different parts of the plant. It is triple effect absorption system (Primary, Secondary & Finishing). Caustic Soda (18%) is circulated continuously in all the three absorbers. Waste air enters from the bottom of the primary tower. Top of the primary tower is fed in the bottom of the secondary tower. Top of secondary tower is fed to final tower to remove any traces of Chlorine before discharging waste air in to atmosphere. In these towers Chlorine reacts with Caustic Soda and Sodium Hypochlorite is manufactured. 2NaOH + Cl2

----

NaOCl + NaCl + H2O

Sodium Hypochlorite of 150 GPL concentration is taken out to Sodium Hypochlorite tank. Thus this unit is for Pollution Control. Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-7.

Table 2-7: Mass Balance – Sodium Hypo Chloride Sr. No.

Input

1. 2.

Quantity

(MT)

Sr. No.

Input

Caustic Lye (20%)

0.53

1.

Sodium Hypo Chloride

0.5

Chlorine

0.47

2.

Sodium Chloride

0.38

3.

Water

0.12

Total

2.6.2

Quantity

1.0

Total

(MT)

1.0

Hydrogen Peroxide (100% H2O2 Basis) – 100 TPD

Manufacturing Process For manufacture of Hydrogen Peroxide, “Auto-Oxidation” process shall be adopted. The manufacturing process involves, Hydrogenation of 2-Ethyl Anthra Quinone (2-EAQ) in solvent medium (Working Solution), to get its Quinol and subsequent oxidation of the Quinol to get parent EAQ and crude Hydrogen Peroxide. The crude is then purified and concentrated to marketable products. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

30

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Hydrogenation Working solution and Hydrogen are fed to hydrogenator and in the presence of palladium catalyst, 2 EAQ will be converted to 2 Ethyl hydro anthrax quinone. 2-EAQ + H2 Pd Catalyst

2-EAQH

The working solution is filtered & then fed to Oxidizer

Oxidation The hydrogenated working solution is oxidized with air (oxygen) in an oxidizer. 2-EAQ + O2

2-EAQ + H2O2

The depleted air from the oxidizer is passed the solvent recovery system to recover working solution & it is discharge atmosphere after removal of Organics. Working solution containing Hydrogen Peroxide is then fed to extraction.

Extraction In the Extraction operation is extracted in demineralized water through counter-current operation. Working solution flows upwards and discharges from the top of the extractors after stripping hydrogen peroxide. The aqueous phase is discharged from the bottom of the extractor which contains 30%-35% Hydrogen Peroxide. Working solution is returned back to Hydrogenator through WSN storage.

Product treatment Crude Hydrogen peroxide passes through coulesers, where traces of solvents are separated from Hydrogen Peroxide. Purified Hydrogen Peroxide is pumped to the product day tank to the distillation.

Distillation Hydrogen Peroxide having concentration of 30%-35% is fed to distillation wherein it is concentrated to 50%, 60% or 70% as required. The product is drawn from the bottom of the column and pumped to the storage tanks. Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-2.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

31

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Figure 2-2: Block Diagram for Hydrogen Peroxide Manufacturing Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-8.

Table 2-8: Mass Balance – Hydrogen Peroxide S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Hydrogen

0.065

6.5

2

Air

6

600

6.065

606.5

Total Output/MT of Product S. No.

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

Hydrogen Peroxide (100% basis)

1

-

-

-

-

100

Product

2

Inert Gas

-

-

5.064

-

-

506.43

Off Gas Vent

3

Hydrogen

-

-

0.001

-

-

0.07

Off Gas Vent

1

0

5.065

0

0

Total

6.065

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

606.5

32

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

2.6.3

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride – 100 TPD

Manufacturing Process Gaseous chlorine is reacted with molten Aluminum in specially designed reactor to form Aluminum Chloride in gaseous phase. Heat liberated because of the exothermic reaction is removed partially in melting solid Aluminum and balance by radiation from the molten Aluminum surface. Vapors of Aluminum Chloride lose their heat of sublimation from the wall of the condenser and get deposited there. This deposited solid is discharged into specially designed containers by hammering the condenser wall from outside, periodically. After cooling, it is conveyed to a silo from where it is size graded and packed under dry air blanketing. Unreacted Chlorine and uncondensed gases are efficiently scrubbed in well-designed scrubbers. Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-9.

Table 2-9: Mass Balance – Aluminum Chloride Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Aluminum

0.205

20.5

2

Chlorine

0.797

79.7

1.002

100.2

S. No.

Total Output/MT of Product S. No.

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

-

100

Product

0.002

-

0.2

Saleable

0.002

0

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride

1

-

-

-

2

Sodium Hypochlorite

-

-

-

1.015

0

0

Total

2.6.4

1.002

100.2

Poly Aluminum Chloride – 50 TPD

Manufacturing Process Hydrochloric acid and Alumina hydrate in required quantities are fed to a glass-lined reactor. The reactor is heated to a desired temperature & pressure in a predetermined cycle, to avoid thermal shock. It is maintained at this temperature & pressure to complete the reaction. It is then cooled in a manner where thermal shock to the glass lined reactor is avoided. The cooled PAC solution is filtered and stored in product tanks. It is then sent to either liquid formulation section or to spray drier for powder production

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

33

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-3. 12 HCl + 6 Al2O3 + 6 H2O ---- Al12Cl12 (OH)24

Figure 2-3: Block Diagram for Poly Aluminum Chloride Manufacturing Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-10.

Table 2-10: Mass Balance – Poly Aluminum Chloride S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Aluminum Hydroxide

0.528

26.4

2

HCl

0.378

18.9

3

Water

0.094

4.7

1.000

50

Total Output/MT of Product S. No.

HW / Solid Waste

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

1

PAC

1.00

-

-

-

-

50

Product

2

Waste

-

-

-

-

Negligible

0

For Recycling

1.00

-

-

-

-

Total

1.000

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

50

34

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

2.6.5

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Calcium Chloride – 175 TPD

Manufacturing Process Calcium Carbonate is reacted with Hydrochloric Acid to get Calcium Chloride. Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-4. CaCO3 + 2 HCl 100

----

CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

73

111

18

44

Ventuary Scrubber (Alkali) Lime Stone (3,600)

Reactor – (6,200)

HCl (2,600) Unreacted Lime (1,200)

Filter Press (5,000) CaCl2 Clear Liquid

Moisture Loss (1,000)

Evaporator

Dry CaCl2 Product (4,000)

Figure 2-4: Block Diagram for Calcium Chloride Manufacturing Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-11.

Table 2-11: Mass Balance – Calcium Chloride S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Lime Stone

0.904

158.2

2

HCl

0.650

113.8

1.554

272.0

Total

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

35

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP Output/MT of Product

S. No.

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

CaCl2

1.00

-

-

-

-

175

Product

2

Moisture Loss

-

0.25

-

-

-

43.8

Recycled

3

Solid Waste

-

-

-

-

0.302

52.9

Sold

4

Air Emissions

-

-

0.002

-

-

0.4

Scrubber

1.00

0.25

0.002

0

0.302

Total

2.6.6

272

1.554

Para Amino Phenol – 120 TPD

Manufacturing Process PNCB is reacted with caustic soda at temperature of 160 deg C and pressure of 5 – 6 Kg/cm2 getting PNP.Na which is further hydrogenated to get PAP. Reaction Reaction involved is shown below: 160oC, 5-6 Kg/Cm2 C6H4Cl.NO2 + 2 NaOH 157.5

-------------

80

161

C6H4OnaNO2 + 3 H2 161

C6H4ONaNO2 + NaCl

-------------

6

58.5

C6H4OHNH2

+

109

2H2O 36

Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-12.

Table 2-12: Mass Balance – Para Amino Phenol Input /Day of Product (MT)

S.No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

1

PNCB

1.44

173

2

Caustic

0.733

88

3

H2

0.06

7

4

Sulphuric Acid

0.835

100

Total

3.063

368

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

36

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP Output/MT of Product

S. No.

1 2

Material / Item Para Amino Phenol Waste Water Total

2.6.7

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

-

120

Product

-

-

248

To ETP

0

0

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

-

-

-

-

2.063

-

1

2.063

0 3.063

368

Hydrogenation of Hydrocarbon, Nitro & Chloro Hydrocarbon – 10,000 TPM

Products: Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA/PA, DCA/PCA/MCA, OPDA/PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xyldine

Manufacturing Process The reaction involves one-step hydrogenation process on the respective raw materials. Raw Material will be fed to the raw material preparation tank as per the batch size. Nitro/Chloro derivatives of Hydrocarbon form homogenous nitrate slurry with metal catalyst will be pumped to High Pressure Autoclave. In Autoclave material will be heated by means of Oil Heating to 90-95 °C. Then H2 will be supplied through PRS. H2 pressure in autoclave maintained at 15-21.5 Kg/cm2. Through PRS, unreacted & unresolved dispersed gas in autoclave will be passed through condenser and recirculated. As the reaction is exothermic in nature, temperature of reaction mass shall start rising which will be controlled and maintained at 120-130°C by applying cooling water jerk. After completion of hydrogenation, the product mass will be cooled to 30-35°C and transferred to candle filter. From Filtration the product will be fed to conical separation vessel, where aqueous phase will be separated from product by providing sufficient settling time. Product from separator shall be pumped to crude storage tank. Catalyst will be recycled back to autoclave via. Candle filters. The crude product contains traces of water and high boiler along with the product, which will be distilled out in High Vacuum Batch Distillation Column.

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-5.

Catalyst R-NO2 + 3H2(g)

----

R-NH2 + 2H2O

Catalyst C6H4CH3.NO2 + 3H2(g) 137

----

6

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

C6H4CH3.NH2 107

+

2H2O 36

37

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Catalyst (26.6) Hydrogen (111.9) Nitro/Chloro Hydrocarbon Compound

Reactor Recycle

(2,558.1)

2,696.6 26.6 Filter 2,670 Water

Crude Product (20)

Reuse (650)

Distillation 2,000 Pure Amino Product

Figure 2-5: Block Diagram for Hydrogenated Product Manufacturing

Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-13.

Table 2-13: Mass Balance – Hydrogenated Products S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Nitro Compound

1.245

498

2

Hydrogen

0.056

22

3

Water

0.330

132

4

Catalyst

0.067

27

1.698

679

Total Output/MT of Product S. No.

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

-

400

Product

0.631

-

252

Recycled

-

0.067

-

27

Recycled

0

0.698

0

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

Hydrogenated Products

1.00

-

-

-

2

Effluent

-

-

-

3

Recovered Catalyst

-

-

1.00

0

Total

1.698

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

679

38

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

2.6.8

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Chlorination of Hydrocarbons – 7,500 TPM

Mono Chloro Benzene MCB

Manufacturing Process Mono Chlorobenzene plant is continuous plant. Benzene and Chlorine continuously feed in reactor from bottom. From overflow, product Mono Chlorobenzene will be extracted. The reaction is exothermic so cooling water circulation will control temperature of the reactor. During the reaction Hydrochloric Acid vapor shall be generated. This vapor will be passed through the water to produce 30% Hydrochloric Acid. Material getting from reactor will be fed into acid stripper to remove the acidity. Material from the stripper will be sent to remove any unreacted benzene. The benzene free material will be fed into the MCB stripper; from MCB stripper, pure mono chloro benzene will be generated.

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-6. C6H6 + Cl2 78



71

C6H5Cl + 112.5

Water (686)

HCl 36.5

HCl Absorber

32% HCl (1,010)

324 Benzene (693)

Reactor – (1,324)

Chlorine (631) Acid Stripper

Recycle

Benzene Stripper

MCB Stripper

MCB (1,000)

Figure 2-6: Block Diagram for MCB Manufacturing

Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-14. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

39

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Table 2-14: Mass Balance – MCB S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Benzene

0.693

208

2

Chlorine

0.631

189

3

Water

0.686

206

2.010

603

Total Output/MT of Product Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Waste

Output/Day of Product MT

1

MCB

1

-

-

-

-

300

Product

2

Dil. HCl

-

-

-

1.008

-

302

By Product

3

Air Emissions

-

-

0.002

-

-

1

To Scrubber

1.013

0

0.002

1.008

0

S. No.

Total

2.010

Remarks

603

Di Chloro Benzene (i.e. ODCB, Ortho Di-chloro Benzene & PDCB, Para Di-chloro Benzene) & TCB

Manufacturing Process The raw material Benzene will be fed into continuous chlorinator (Packed Column) via Benzene dryer to remove the moisture from Benzene. Chlorine will be fed through vaporizer which will react with Benzene in manner to produce DCB isomer and lower high boiler by controlling the process parameter, where HCl gas coming out from top of reactor will be scrubbed with water in absorber to produce 30% HCl as byproduct. The reactor mass will be washed with water to remove the impurity and then it will be delivered to the crystallizer to crystallize para isomer of DCB. After crystallizing the PDCB, it will be centrifuged and mother liquor will be taken into distillation section. In distillation section, from the bottom of the first column ODCB shall be obtained and top will contain high concentrate PDCB which will be recycled in crystallization section. And from the top of the second column in distillation section, pure ODCB will be separated as a product. At the end of distillation, a mix of TCB is collected.

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-7. C6H6 + Cl2 78 71

--

C6H5Cl + HCl 112.5 36.5

C6H6 + 2 Cl2 78 142

--

C6H4Cl2 + 147

C6H6 + 3 Cl2 78 213

--

C6H3Cl3 + 3 HCl 182.5 109.5

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

2 HCl 73

40

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

HCl Absorber

Water (1,054)

32% HCl (1,550)

496

Benzene (531)

Reactor – (1,496)

Chlorine (965) Crystallizer

Recycle

PDCB (650)

Centrifuge

Distillation

ODCB (350)

Figure 2-7: Block Diagram for ODCB & PDCB Manufacturing

Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-15.

Table 2-15: Mass Balance – ODCB & PDCB S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Benzene

0.531

159.3

2

Chlorine

0.965

289.5

1.054

316.2

2.550

765

3

Water Total Output/MT of Product

S. No.

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

-

105

Product

-

-

195

Product

-

1.55

-

465

By Product

0

1.55

0

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

ODCB

0.35

-

-

-

2

PDCB

0.65

-

-

3

Dil. HCl

-

-

1.00

0

Total

2.550

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

765

41

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

2.6.9

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Chlorination of Toluene – 7,500 TPM

Benzyl Chloride / Benzal Chloride / Benzal Trichloride

Manufacturing Process Toluene & Cl2 are reacted in a reactor to form Benzal Chloride & Benzyl Chloride. After Fractionation and purification, it forms Benzo trichloride.

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-8. C6H5CH3 + Cl2

--

C6H5CH2Cl + Cl2

--

C6H5CHCl2 + Cl2

C6H5CH2Cl + C6H5CHCl2 +

--

HCl HCl

HCl Absorber

Water Toluene

C6H5CCl3 +

HCl

Dil. HCl

Reactor

Chlorine Benzyl Chloride / Benzal Chloride

For Sale

Purification

Benzo Trichloride

Figure 2-8: Block Diagram for Chlorination of Toluene Manufacturing 2.6.10

Chlorination of Acetic Acid – Mono Chloro Acetic Acid – 7,500 TPM

Manufacturing Process Acetic Acid will be charged in the reactor and heated to 100˚C through hot water circulation. Chlorine shall be charged in the reactor for chlorination. Acetic acid will be converted into Mono Chloro Acetic Acid (MCA) in presence of suitable catalyst. During the process, HCl gas will be generated, which will be scrubbed through scrubber and dissolved in water to get 30% HCl liquor.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

42

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

After completion of reaction, the mass will be transferred in buckets for crystallization where natural followed by induced cooling takes place. After about 70 hrs, pure MCAA crystals shall be recovered. After centrifuging, MCAA product will be ready for packing. The Mother Liquor (ML) generated from centrifuge shall be separated out and sold as ML of MCA.

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-9. CH3COOH + Cl2

----

Cl.CH2COOH +

HCl

Acetic Acid

Chlorine

MCA

Hydrochloric Acid

60

71

94.5

36.5

HCl Absorber

Water (814)

Acetic Acid (635)

32% HCl (1,200)

386

Liq. Cl2 (751)

GLR

Catalyst (37.5) Crystallizer

Centrifuge

Packing

MCA (1,000)

Figure 2-9: Block Diagram for Mono Chloro Acetic Acid Manufacturing

Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-16.

Table 2-16: Mass Balance – Mono Chloro Acetic Acid S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Acetic Acid

0.635

191

2

Chlorine (Liq.)

0.751

225

3

Catalyst

0.038

11

4

Water

0.814

244

2.238

671

Total

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

43

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP Output/MT of Product

S. No.

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

MCA

1.00

-

-

-

-

300

Product

2

Dil. HCl

-

-

-

1.20

-

360

By Product

3

Rec. Catalyst

-

-

-

0.038

-

11

Recycle

1.00

0

0

1.238

0

Total

2.6.11

671

2.238

Chlorination of Paraffins – CPW – 7,500 TPM

Manufacturing Process Raw Heavy Normal Paraffin will be heated electrically to the required temperature in a Heavy Normal Paraffin storage tank and measured quantity of Heavy Normal Paraffin will be charged in to reactor (chlorinator). Then chlorine gas will be bubbled through the H.N.P in a reactor. Reaction between HNP and chlorine shall take place. The reaction will be exothermic. During reaction liberated HCl gas will be scrubbed in to water scrubber, where this gas will be converted to Hydrochloric Acid. Recirculation of HCl gas shall take place in the system & bubbling tank until the desired concentration of HCl is attained. In the final stage the left over gases mostly unreacted chlorine shall be taken to the alkali tower, where by alkali solution will be pumped counter. In the reactor it is necessary to maintain constant temperature so cooling water shall be circulated. After completion of reaction, the product, chlorinated paraffin wax obtained will be aerated for removal of any free gases. The chlorinated paraffin wax will be then filled in drums for dispatch.

Reaction and Process Flow Diagram Reaction involved is shown below and the process flow diagram is shown in Figure 2-10. R-H + Cl2

---

R-Cl +

HCl, where R is the hydrocarbon.

Water (7,040)

Heavy Normal Paraffin (3,025)

HCl Absorber

Dil. HCl (10,065)

3,025 Chlorination

HCl Gas

Chlorine (5,500)

Product – CPW (5,500 MT)

Figure 2-10: Block Diagram for CPW Manufacturing KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Mass Balance Mass balance per ton of product and per day basis is given in Table 2-17.

Table 2-17: Mass Balance – Chlorinated Paraffin Wax (CPW) S. No.

Raw Materials

Input/MT of Product (MT)

Input /Day of Product (MT)

1

Heavy Normal Paraffin

0.55

165

2

Chlorine

1.00

300

3

Water

1.28

384

2.83

849

Total Output/MT of Product S. No.

Output/Day of Product MT

Remarks

-

300

Product

1.83

-

549

By Product

1.83

0

Material / Item

Product / Byproduct

Liquid Effluent

Air Emission

Recovery

HW / Solid Waste

1

CPW

1.00

-

-

-

2

Dil. HCl

-

-

-

1.00

0

0

Total

2.6.12

2.83

849

Captive Power Plant – 100 MW

In coal thermal power plant, the steam is produced in high pressure in the steam boiler due to burning of fuel (coal) in boiler furnaces. This steam is further heated in a super heater. This super-heated steam then enters into the turbine and rotates the turbine blades. The turbine is mechanically coupled with alternator that its rotor will rotate with rotation of turbine blades. After entering the turbine the steam pressure suddenly falls and corresponding volume of the steam increase. After imparting energy to the turbine rotor the steam passes out of the turbine blades into the condenser. In the condenser the cold water is circulated with the help of pump, which condense the low-pressure wet steam. This condensed water is further supplied to low-pressure water heater where the low-pressure steam increases the temperature of feed water; it again heated in high pressure. Major steps of coal base power plant operation:     

 

First the coal is burnt into furnace of steam boiler. High-pressure steam is produced in the boiler. This steam is then passed through the super heater, where it further heated up. This super-heated steam is then entered into a turbine at high speed. In turbine this steam force rotates the turbine blades that means here in the turbine the stored potential energy of the high-pressure steam is converted into mechanical energy. Turbine shaft connected with generator in which power generates. After rotating the turbine blades, the steam has lost its high pressure, passes out of turbine blades and enters into a condenser. In the condenser the cold water is circulated with help of pump, which condenses the lowpressure wet steam.

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This condensed water is then further supplied to low pressure water heater where the low pressure steam increase the temperature of this feed water, it is then again heated in a high pressure heater where the high pressure of steam is used for heating. The turbine in thermal power station acts as a prime mover of the alternator.

Figure 2-11: PFD – Power Plant Coal Handling System Capacity of Coal Handling Plant (CHP) is envisaged 115 ton/Hr for 215 TPH Boiler, and total capacity of CHP for both the plant is envisaged 230 TPH.   

 

Coal will be fed to ground hopper grizzly by pay-loaders or dumper. From ground hopper, coal shall be fed to crusher via raw coal conveyor and primary screen. Primary screen will segregate <6 mm sized coal and it shall be fed to product conveyor and oversized coal shall go to crusher. Crushed coal shall again segregated by secondary screen and oversized coal shall fed to raw coal conveyor via recycle conveyor and sized coal <6 mm shall be fed to product conveyor. Which will ultimately fed bunkers through shuttle conveyor. Bunker capacity per boiler is designed based on 18 hours of storage considering 100% Imported Coal as a fuel. Crusher capacity shall be designed to operate for 8 hours considering 100% Imported Coal as a fuel.

Ash Handling System Dense phase Ash Handling System is proposed for two boilers. It is designed to handle bed ash from bottom hoppers of boiler after Bed ash cooler and fly ash from Bottom hoppers of economizer, Air pre heater and ESP.

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Separate lubricated screw type, air cooled, service air compressors (1W+1S), which can delivered air pressure of maximum 5 kg/cm2 (g) for ash handling system. One number of suitable capacity air receiver tank shall also be considered. The system will start from Surge hopper, which is kept above the Ash transmitter vessel. Bed ash cooler is envisaged to reduce the ash temperature up to maximum 240°C. The ash collected in the various hoppers will be fed by Gravity into individual transmitter vessel located below the hoppers. Once the desired conveying pressure is reached inside the vessel, the outlet valve will open and the ash shall be conveyed by air to ash silos through suitably sized pipes. The conveying air will be vented out from silo through the bag filter provided on top of the silo. Further, fly ash from silo will be unloaded into trucks through a Rotary Airlock valve and an Ash conditioner. The ash conditioner shall have suitably designed water spray arrangement to contain dust emanation during ash unloading. Considering the power plant operation for 24 hours, operating on 100% imported coal having max 7.5% of ash in imported coal, the maximum Ash generation is envisaged 140 TPD so AHP capacity is envisaged 150 TPD. RCC Ash silo capacity is envisaged as 2 x 300 m3 based on 48 hrs of min storage.

Bed Ash Handling System Dense phase Bed ash handling system along with ash cooler (air cooled) shall be provided.

Dense Phase Bed Ash/ Fly Ash Handling System Bed ash from boiler and Fly ash from economizer, air pre heater & of ESP hoppers shall be carried to silo with the help of service air supplier. Ash conditioning system with water spray, nozzles and telescopic chute shall be considered along with dust extraction at top of the Silo, by the EPC Supplier. MOU with nearby cement manufacturers for utilizing fly ash shall be done.

2.7

UTILITIES

The estimated list of utilities required for the project is as given below: 2.7.1

Power Requirement

Power requirement will be sourced from proposed 100 MW CPP having backup source of PGVCL. Two DG Sets of 1,000 KVA each will be installed and used as standby back-up supply for emergency conditions & safe shutdown of Chemical plants in case of main power failure only. 2.7.2

Fuel Requirement

Imported Indonesian/ South African Coal having 0.5 % sulphur and 7.5% ash content will be used for the proposed CFBC Boilers and HSD will be used for DG Sets. Inprinciple approval for procurement of coal is obtained from ADI Tradelink (Adani) and is attached as Annexure 4. Radioactive elements in coal and fly ash should not be sources of alarm. The vast majority of coal and the majority of fly ash are not significantly enriched in radioactive elements, or in associated radioactivity, compared to

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common soils or rocks.1 Though a letter is submitted to Deparment of Atomic Energy as provided in Annexure 7, for analysis of Radioactive material content in coal. Analysis report is awaited and shall be provided as and when available. Details of the same are tabulated in Table 2-18.

Table 2-18: Fuel Details S. No.

Type of Fuel

Used in

Quantity

Source

1

Imported Coal

Boiler

1,860 MT/Day

ADI Tradelink (Adani) / Open Market – (Kandla & Mundra Ports)

2

HSD

400 Ltr/Hr.

Local Depot/ Suppliers

2.7.3

(2 Nos, 215 TPH Capacity total) DG Sets (2 Nos. 1,000 kVA each)

Water Requirement

The total fresh water requirement would be 6,304 KLD by maximizing recycle and reuse concept & achieving ZLD which will be met from GWIL (Narmada Canal). Inprinciple approval for 7 MLD is been obtained and is attached as Annexure 5. 2.7.4

Manpower

During the construction phase around 1,000 workers will be hired. During operation phase, project will generate direct employment for more than 500 people and indirect employment for approx. 500 people. They may be hired locally. First preference shall be given to skilled, semi-skilled work force of local community.

2.8

RAW MATERIAL, STORAGE & MODE OF TRANSPORT

Based on the need and availability, raw material shall be sourced from registered supplier within India and Imported (if required) via road transportation by trucks, tankers & tempos. Details of raw material along with the quantity, physical state and means of storage is given in Table 2-19.

Table 2-19: Details of Raw Materials, Physical State & Means of Storage S. No.

Name of Raw Material

1

Common Salt

2 3

Consumption MTPA

Physical State

Source

Means of Transportation

3,25,550

Solid

Kutch

Trucks

Potassium Chloride

47,600

Solid

Kutch

Trucks

Hydrogen

1,13,960

Gas

In-house

Pipeline

4

Chlorine

3,19,795

Gas

In-house

Pipeline

5

Chlorine (Liq.)

94,500

Liquid

In-house

Pipeline

6

HCl*

46,500

Liquid

In-house / Local

Pipeline / Trucks

7

Aluminum

7,175

Solid

Local

Trucks

8

Aluminium Hydroxide

9,240

Liquid

Local

Tankers

9

Sulphuric Acid

30,000

Liquid

Local

Tankers

10

Lime Stone

55,400

Solid

Local

Trucks

1 1

U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-163-97

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S. No.

Name of Raw Material

11

Consumption

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

MTPA

Physical State

Source

Means of Transportation

ONCB / PNCB

2,14,760

Liquid

Local

Tankers

12

Caustic Flake

70,000

Solid

Local

Trucks

13

Dichloro Nitro Benzene

1,89,000

Liquid

Local

Tankers

14

Methanol

28,000

Liquid

Local

Tankers

15

Benzene

1,28,100

Liquid

Local

Tankers

16

Heavy Normal Paraffin

57,750

Liquid

Local

Tankers

17

Acetic Acid

70,350

Liquid

Local

Tankers

18

Nitric Acid

30,000

Liquid

Local

Tankers

* HCl requirement as a raw material will be met from the in-house production from other products. Excess stock will be sold as byproduct.

2.9

SOLVENT AND SOLVENT RECOVERY SYSTEM

Solvent like Methanol shall be mainly used in Hydrogenation products. This is recovered by in distillation units. Following steps shall be involved in solvent recovery from the distillation units: 

     

Methanol shall be directly distillated from product mix and purified in packed column with the help of reflux and therefore there will be no generation of any distillation residue from the solvent distillation; The solvent distillation system will be designed so as to achieve minimum 90% recovery; Pure solvent, crude solvent and distilled (recovered) solvent shall be stored only in storage tanks and no drums shall be used; Wherever required, the solvents shall be directly pumped into day tanks from the storage tanks and shall be charged into the reactors without involving any manual handling; All the pumps shall be mechanical seal type to avoid any leakage of solvent; All necessary fire fighting systems shall be provided with alarm system. Flame proof wiring and flame proof electrical accessories shall be provided to avoid any mishaps; Chilled water condensers will be provided to maximize the recovery process and prevent any losses of solvent in atmosphere.

Other aromatic solvent like tetra butyl urea and tri octyl phosphate will be used in process of Hydrogen Peroxide. No recovery is required as the usage is very low to quantify.

2.10

CATALYST

During the process only catalyst used will be Palladium in Hydrogen Peroxide plant which will be stored in Drums. Used catalyst will be given to reprocessors.

2.11

PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE

2.11.1

Process Area

The industrial area shall comprise of following sections:

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Manufacturing process area; Coal & Ash storage area; Salt and other raw material storage; Finished product storage; Utility Area; Packing material storage; ETP area; SLF area; Hazardous waste storage area.

Adequate storage space for salt storage, coal, raw material, solvents, finished products, ash, hazardous and other solid waste shall be provided. The Plant building will be multistoried with all necessary equipments and vessels having multiple floors in between for installing heat exchangers, dosing vessels, receivers etc. Factory will have tank farm, ETPs, RO, MEE, ATFD, ESPs, Coal Yard, Fly Ash silo, Brine sludge SLF, HW storage, fire hydrant lines, admin building, security cabin, utility area, laboratory and health care center. As a safety aspect, installation of process vessels shall be placed as far as possible from boiler section, opposite to the predominant wind direction which is usually from SW in all seasons, except monsoon2. 2.11.2

Non-Processing Area

Requirement of non processing area will be developed as shown below:         

Weighbridge; Administrative Building; Laboratory; Security cabins; Workers restroom; Vehicle Shed; Water reservoirs for raw water and fire hydrant system; Temporary storage sites; Worksblock etc.

There is no infrastructure available at site except “kuchha” road connecting project site to highway. Photographs of existing site are shown in Photograph 2-1.

1 2

As per IMD’s long term meteorological data, mentioned in Chapter 3, Section 3.5.1, Pg. 74.

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Project Site which is a barren land

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Shrubs & under shrubs like Prosopis juliflora at site

EIA Coordinator with KCIL’s representatives and EIA Team members at Project Site

Photograph 2-1: Photogharphs of Proposed Project Site

2.12

AIR EMISSIONS

Due to proposed project various sources of air pollution are identified during construction and operation phase. Identified air emission sources are as follows: Construction Phase: Vehicular emissions due to movement of construction machinery and vehicles. Operation Phase:

Point Source Likely air pollutants from proposed project will be PM, SO2 & NOx from boiler stack and DG Sets, HCl, Cl2 & HC from various process vents.

Line Source SPM emissions from movement of vehicles on paved roads & vehicular emissions like SPM, CO & HC’s from exhaust of the vehicles are envisaged as line source emissions. Approximately, 250 trucks per day carrying raw material and finished goods shall be using the national highways (NH – 6 & NH-50) connecting Site to Gandhidham and Ahmedabad. Employees and contract

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workers (~2 staff buses, 50 cars & 100 two wheelers & 100 bicycles) shall use the same route during peak hours.

Volume Source SPM emissions from coal stock piles.

Others Fugitive emissions from storage & handling of various hazardous chemicals used as either raw material or finished product in MCB/ODCB/PDCB/TCB units. 2.12.1

Action Plan to Control Ambient Air Quality

Point Sources Emissions & Control Flue gas emissions, i.e. PM, SO2 & NOx from boiler stacks shall be controlled by multistage ESP with one filed extra. Process gas emissions of HCl & Cl2 shall be controlled by stacks connected to the alkali scrubber & DM water scrubber. Process gas emissions of HC shall be controlled by stacks connected to activated carbon adsorption columns. The ambient air quality & stack emission norms will be adhered to as per GPCB/CPCB norms by taking following measures:

Construction Phase For dust suppression, water sprinkling will be done from time to time.

Operation Phase Appropriate control measures shall be taken to control ambient air quality. Details of the proposed stacks, fuel used, quantity of fuel used, air pollution control measures (APCM), expected pollutants and expected efficiency of APCM are tabulated in Table 2-20 & Table 2-21.

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Table 2-20: Details of Stacks, Fuel Used and APCM attached to Flue Gas Stacks S. No. 1 2

Stack Attached to Boilers (2 Nos.)

Fuel Used

Quantity of Fuel

APCM

Expected Pollutants

Efficiency of APCE

Stack Height (m)

Stack Top Dia. (m)

Exit Temp. (°C)

Exit Velocity (m/s)

Imported Coal

1,860 MT/Day

ESP

PM, SO2 & NOx

> 99.5 %

105

3.5

140

18

HSD

400 Ltr/Hr.

Adequate Stack Ht.

PM, SO2 & NOx

-

15

0.5

150

15

DG Sets (2 Nos.)

Table 2-21: Details of Stacks, APCM attached to Process Gas Stacks / Vents S. No.

Stack Attached to

APCM

Expected Pollutants

Stack Height (m)

Stack Top Dia. (m)

Exit Temp. (°C)

Exit Velocity (m/s)

1

Waste air De-Chlorination Unit -1 & 2

3 Stage Caustic Scrubbing System

Cl2

30

0.4

35

1.5

2

HCl synthesis Unit 1 & 2

Single Stage DM Water Scrubbing System

HCl, Cl2

30

0.15

35

1.5

3

Depleted air from solvent recovery Unit 1 & 2 (H2O2 Plant)

Activated Carbon Adsorption

HC

32

0.4

40

2.5

4

Calcium Chloride Plant

Alkali Ventury Scrubber

HCl, Cl2

11

0.2

30

1.5

5

CPW Plant

Water + Alkali Scrubber

HCl, Cl2

15

0.2

30

1.5

6

Chlorinator of Chloro Benzene Plant – MCB

Water Absorber + Glass Water Scrubber + Caustic Scrubber

HCl, Cl2

22

0.2

30

1.5

7

Chlorinator of Chloro Benzene Plant – ODCB/PDCB/TCB

Water Absorber + Glass Water Scrubber + Caustic Scrubber

HCl, Cl2

22

0.2

30

1.5

8

Chlorinator of Toluene Plant

Water Absorber + Caustic Scrubber

HCl, Cl2

22

0.2

30

1.5

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Design details of Absorber system – (to control HCl) During the manufacture of some of the products gaseous Hydrogen chloride are evolved. These gases are absorbed in water/ caustic soda solution. Hydrogen chloride gas is absorbed in water producing 31% Hydrochloric acid solution. The absorber system is designed for absorbing a mixture of HCl. The system comprises of two FFA, one Ventury absorber and a packed column as a tail gas absorber. The first FFA is for concentrating HCl to 31% before it goes to the storage tank. In this dilute HCl solution is circulated as the absorbent. Both HCl gas and absorbent liquid enters at the top (co-currently) and flows down as a film through the tubular passage formed by the multi-block graphite absorber. The heat generated is removed by the cooling water circulating through the utility passage. The acid solution runs down into the circulating liquid holding tank and the unabsorbed gases go to a ventury scrubber which absorbs part of the HCl and also creates a suction effect for the gas flow. The exit gases from the ventury scrubber enters the second FFA where almost all the HCl is absorbed in water. The gas and the absorbent liquid (caustic soda solution) flows counter-currently in the tower. The top outlet of the scrubber will be practically free of HCl. Process flow diagram for this absorption system is shown in Figure 2-12.

Figure 2-12: PFD for HCl Scrubbing System Technical specifications of scrubbers are given in Table 2-22.

Table 2-22: Technical Details of Proposed APCM S. No.

APCM Equipment

1

Alkali Scrubber

2

Scrubbers

Specifications

Emission Rate (mg/Nm3)

Type: Ventury Scrubber, Columns with perforated trays. Capacity: 2,500 m3/Hr.

HCl : 20

Efficiency: 99.5%, MOC: PP, Scrubbing Agent: 10% Caustic Soda Solution.

Cl2: 9

Carbon Tower (to remove organic traces)

HC : 15

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Volume Source Emissions & Control Due to the proposed activities in the project, SPM emission from coal stock piles shall be controlled by providing wind shields in coal storage area / coal will be covered during monsoon season. Line Source Emissions & Control PUCC checked vehicles will only be allowed. Trucks will be covered with tarpaulin to reduce the spillage of coal and common salt. Fugitive Emissions & Control Fugitive emissions from storage & handling area for raw materials, solvents, finished products is envisaged due to proposed project. Odor of raw materials & finished goods shall be limited to plant area. Fugitive emissions shall be controlled by taking following steps:  

  

      

All liquid raw materials and intermediates shall be charged into Reactors with pumps or under gravity through closed pipes. All vents of holding tanks and dosing vessels shall be connected to a Vent Scrubber system comprising of a suction Blower, Alkali Scrubber and an Activated Carbon Column before venting through a tall stack. All process emissions will be passed through properly designed scrubber and finally released in to atmosphere through adequate stack height; VOC present in the vent gas stream shall be absorbed in the Activated Carbon tower. Suction Hoods shall be placed near the Man-holes & Charging funnels of Reactors & Filters so that chemical vapors and dust do not escape into the Plant & surroundings, when the man-hole covers are opened for inspection or charging of RM. All storage tanks of low boiling solvents / chemical shall be provided with Conservation Vents. Vents of HCl storage tanks shall be provided with a Water filled trap to prevent Acid fumes from escaping out. All pumps handling hazardous chemicals shall be provided with mechanical seals to prevent fugitive emission. Wherever possible magnetic coupled pumps will be used. Any spillage from drums etc. will be absorbed with saw dust / soda ash and moped clean. The contaminated absorbent will be safely disposed off along with hazardous waste. Storage tank will be provided with level gauge, dyke wall, automated loading and unloading for the chemicals to avoid human contact. All storage tank will be designed and placed according to the Industrial Safety & Health Department. Measuring Instruments with sound alarm and having strategically placed sensing elements will be provided for alerting the personnel in case of any escape of gases like Chlorine, HCl vapors.

2.13

NOISE GENERATION

From the proposed project, noise shall be generated from the various activities. Source of noise generation are:   

The heavy machinery like crane, dumper, roller, bulldozers etc. will be used during daytime; Operation of boiler, compressors, chillers, DG sets, etc. will have a permanent effect; Vehicle movement for transportation of raw material and finished goods.

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2.14

WATER CONSUMPTION, WASTE WATER GENERATION & DISPOSAL DETAILS

2.14.1

Water Consumption

As discussed in Section 2.7.3, Pg. 48, it is estimated the fresh water requirement would be 6,304 KLD by maximizing recycle and reuse concept & achieving ZLD. Principle areas of water consumption are DM Plant, Process, Boiler, Cooling Tower, Industrial Domestic Use and gardening. 2.14.2

Waste Water Generation

The waste water will be generated from the process, utilities and domestic area. These will be treated to achieve ZLD. Breakup of waste water generation is tabulated in Table 2-23. 2.14.3

Mode of Disposal

In the proposed project, ZLD concept will be adopted. Sewage generated from the domestic use will be disposed into soak pit and septic tank. There will be no disposal of waste water outside the premises in normal situation. Separate waste water stream and storm water line will be provided. 2.14.4

Water Balance Table & Chart

Water consumption & waste water generation is given in Table 2-23. By implementing various recycle/reuse schemes as per Figure 2-13, 1,301 KLD water will be reused.

Table 2-23: Water Consumption and Waste Water Generation Details Sr. No.

Description

Water Consumption (KLD)

Wastewater Generation (KLD)

Effluent Treatment Facility

1

Domestic

22

18

To Soak Pit

2

Cooling Tower

2,160

105

To ETP-2 followed by RO & Reject from RO sent to MEE.

3

DM Plant

5,053

150

i

Boiler

300

300

ii

Synthetic Organic Plant

1,603

248

iii

Caustic Soda and other plants

3,000

315

6

Washings

200

200

8

Gardening

170

-

Total Water Consumption

7,605

1,336

Recycled water form ETP-1 & ETP-2

1,301

Total Fresh Water Consumption

6,304

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To ETP-1 followed by MEE & ATFD To ETP-2 followed by RO & Reject from RO sent to MEE. -

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Figure 2-13: Water Balance Diagram

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Details of ETP

The effluent generated from the various areas are:   

Process Waste Water from Synthetic Organic Plant, Caustic Soda and other plants; Domestic sewage; Utility Blow downs – Boiler, Cooling Tower, DM Plant, washing etc.

Stream segregation at source will be carried out for segregation of high pollution level and low pollution level of streams. Wastewater Treatment Methodology 

Stream A: The wastewater generated from the manufacturing process consisting of high organic contents with high TDS & high COD streams will be segregated from the other streams and treated in MEE after primary treatment in ETP-1. The condensate from the MEE will be recycled and reused in plant area. Stream B: Streams from caustic soda, utilities blow downs and washings water consisting of low TDS & low COD will be treated in ETP-2 consisting primary and tertiary treatment. It will be then send to recycling RO for reuse of water. Permeate water from the RO will be reuse in plant while the reject water from the RO will be combined with stream from ETP 1 entering MEE for further concentrate. Stream C: Domestic wastewater will be disposed into soak pit and septic tank.





Wastewater Characteristics The characteristics of process wastewater from different streams are given in Table 2-24.

Table 2-24: Characteristics of Wastewater Streams ETP – 1 S. No.

Parameters

1

Flow

248

2

pH

3 4

ETP – 2

Synthetic Caustic soda and Organic Plant other plant (Organic Stream) (Inorganic stream)

Boiler Blow Down

Cooling Tower Blow down

Washing

DM Rejects

315

300

105

200

150

3.5-6.5

7.5-8.5

7.0-9.0

7.0-9.0

7.0-9.0

7.0-9.0

COD

12,000

400

100

120

500

100

BOD

100-300

100

30

40

100

40

5

TDS

20,000

30,000

2,500

1,500

4,000

4,500

6

SS

500-600

400

100

100

200

200

Effluent Treatment Facility for Stream A – ETP 1 The wastewater generated from the manufacturing process i.e. synthetic organic plant consisting of high TDS high COD stream will be treated in ETP-1 and further send to MEE for evaporation. The condensate from the MEE will be completely recycled and reused in plant achieving Zero Liquid Discharge. The design inlet and outlet characteristics of proposed ETP-1 is given in Table 2-25.

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Table 2-25: Inlet and Outlet Characteristics of Wastewater for ETP-1 ETP-1 Inlet Characteristics

ETP-1 Outlet Characteristics (which will merge as MEE Feed Water)

S. No.

Parameters

Unit

1

Flow

m3/day

246

246

2

pH

-

5.0 - 6.0

6.5-7.5

3

COD

mg/l

10,000

8,000

4

BOD

mg/l

200

160

5

TDS

mg/l

20,000

22,000

6

SS

mg/l

600

200

Design Details of ETP - 1 ETP-1 is proposed with only primary treatment followed with advance tertiary treatment MEE. Unit wise process description of ETP-1 is described as below.

Equalization Tanks The combined effluent from manufacturing units will be taken to the Equalization tanks. The prime purpose of these tanks is for collection and storage of effluents generated and to have proper equalization of effluents in order to have constant load onto the further treatment units. The equalized effluent will be further transferred to the flash mixer.

Flash Mixer After equalization, effluent is pumped to flash mixer. Lime and alum dosing will be carried out in flash mixer. The purpose of the flash mixers is better mixing of wastewater with alum, which helps in better flock formation by bringing down the pH of wastewater up to 7 to 7.5.

Flocculator Wastewater from Flash mixer overflows to a flocculator where polyelectrolyte will be added for agglomeration and flocculation. Slow speed paddle type flocculator mechanism will be provided in this tank for gentle mixing and flocc formation. Flocculated effluent will go to primary settling tank under gravity.

Primary Settling Tank Overflow from flocculation tank will pass through the Primary Settling Tank under gravity. Separation of flock formed will take place in Primary Settling Tank. The settling tank is equipped with Tube Settler Media bed in order to have enhanced settling characteristics. Clear effluent will then transferred to MEE feed tank. The sludge will be collected into sludge collection sump.

Sludge Collection Sump Primary chemical sludge from primary settling tank will be taken to sludge collection sump and then to filter press for further drying of sludge. Dried sludge will be packed in HDPE/LDPE bags & will be stored in hazardous waste storage area for final disposal in TSDF. Leachate generated will be recycled back into Equalization Tank.

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MEE Feed Tank The primary treated effluent from ETP 1 & RO Reject will collect into MEE feed tank for further evaporation. MEE will be proposed for the concentration of aqueous solutions. Evaporation is carried out by supplying heat to the solution to vaporize the solvent. The heat is supplied basically to provide the latent heat of vaporization and by adopting methods for recovery of heat from the vapour, it has been possible to achieve great economy in heat utilization. The condensate from MEE will be recycled and reused in plant while salts from the MEE will be disposed into TSDF after passing from ATFD.

Sludge/Salt Generation from ETP 1 and Disposal Facility The sludge generated from the proposed ETP-1 will be about 150 kg/day including chemical sludge which will be disposed at approved TSDF site.

Block Diagram – ETP 1 Block diagram of Proposed ETP – 1 is shown in Figure 2-14.

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Figure 2-14: Process Block Diagram – ETP 1

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Effluent Treatment Facility for Stream B – ETP 2 Wastewater from the utilities blow downs washing water, Caustic soda plant and other plants effluent consisting high TDS low COD streams which will be treated in ETP-2 having primary and tertiary treatment and treated effluent will be further send to recycling RO system. Permeate from the RO will be reuse in plant and reject water from the RO will be send to MEE for further concentrate. Here no treated wastewater to be discharged outside the project premises as adopting Zero Liquid Discharge Concepts. Wastewater characteristics of utilities blow downs and washing area is given in Table 2-24. MEE Feed quality is given in Table 2-27. The design inlet and outlet characteristics of proposed ETP-2 is given in Table 2-25.

Table 2-26: Inlet and Outlet Characteristics of Wastewater for ETP-2 S. No.

Parameters

1

Flow

Unit

Combined Inlet Characteristics - to ETP -2 Stiochiometrically

ETP-2 Inlet Characteristics

ETP-2 Outlet Characteristics

m3/day

1,070

1,070

1,070

2

pH

-

6–7

6.5 – 8.5

6.5 – 8.5

3

COD

mg/l

265

300

<100

4

BOD

mg/l

66

100

<20

5

TDS

mg/l

11,058

11,500

13,000

6

SS

mg/l

212

250

<50

Table 2-27: MEE Feed Quality S. No.

Parameters

RO Reject

ETP – 1 Outlet

MEE Feed Quality

1

Flow

428

248

676

2

pH

7–9

6.5 – 7.5

6–7

3

COD

400

8,000

1,909

4

BOD

100

160

128

5

TDS

32,000

22,000

30,015

6

SS

100

180

116

Design Details of ETP - 2 Unit wise process description of ETP-2 is described as below.

Equalization Tanks The combined effluent from utilities blow downs, washings, DM regeneration, Caustic soda plant and other plants will be taken to the Equalization tanks. The prime purpose of these tanks is for collection and storage of effluents generated and to have proper equalization of effluents in order to have constant load onto the further treatment units. The equalized effluent will be further transferred to the flash mixer.

Flash Mixer

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After equalization, effluent is pumped to flash mixer. Lime and alum dosing will be carried out in flash mixer. The purpose of the flash mixers is better mixing of wastewater with alum, which helps in better flock formation by bringing down the pH of wastewater up to 7 to 7.5.

Flocculator Wastewater from Flash mixer overflows to a flocculator where polyelectrolyte will be added for agglomeration and flocculation. Slow speed paddle type flocculator mechanism will be provided in this tank for gentle mixing and flocc formation. Flocculated effluent will go to primary settling tank under gravity.

Primary Settling Tank Overflow from flocculation tank will pass through the Primary Settling Tank under gravity. Separation of flock formed will take place in Primary Settling Tank. The settling tank is equipped with Tube Settler Media bed in order to have enhanced settling characteristics. Clear effluent will then transferred to Intermediate Collection Tank. The sludge will be collected into sludge Collection Sump.

Intermediate Collection Tank The clear effluent from the final settling tank shall be collected in an intermediate collection tank. In this tank liquid chlorine in form of Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) will be mixed using aeration grid provided at the bottom of the tank. The aeration will help to achieve effective mixing of chlorine solution with dosage of NaOCl for disinfection. The effluent is then pumped to Pressure Sand Filter & Activated Carbon Filter for tertiary treatment.

Pressure Sand Filter Pressure Sand Filter will be provided as a form of tertiary treatment for removal of residual suspended solids. The filter consists of different gradations of gravel & sand bed. The filter will be provided with necessary valve arrangements for inflow and outflow and backwashing of the system. The backwash water of the system shall be taken to the Equalization tank / Primary Settling Tank for re treatment.

Activated Carbon Filter Activated Carbon Filter will be provided as a form of tertiary treatment for removal of residual organics, odour and colour. The filter consists of gradations of gravel & sand sub bed and over which is provided activated carbon of high iodine value. The filter will be provided with necessary valve arrangements for inflow and outflow and backwashing of the system. The backwash water of the system shall be taken to the Equalization tank / Primary Settling Tank for re treatment.

Final Collection Tank The outlet of PSF & ACF will be taken to the final collection tank. From this final collection tank the treated wastewater will be transferred to recycling RO. Permeate from the RO will be reused in plant and RO reject water will be sent to MEE for further evaporation and treatment.

Sludge Collection Sump Primary chemical sludge from primary settling tank will be taken to sludge collection sump and then to filter press for further drying of sludge. Dried sludge will be packed in HDPE/LDPE bags & will be stored in hazardous waste storage area for final disposal in TSDF. Leachate generated will be recycled back into Equalization Tank. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Tertiary Recycling RO System The treated waste water from the ETP-2 will be taken to RO feed tank. The Permeate water from the RO will be recycled into plant area and reject water from RO will transferred to MEE for further evaporation and removal of salts form the wastewater.

MEE Feed Tank The RO reject water will collect into MEE feed tank. MEE will be proposed for the concentration of aqueous solutions. Evaporation is carried out by supplying heat to the solution to vaporize the solvent. The heat is supplied basically to provide the latent heat of vaporization and by adopting methods for recovery of heat from the vapour, it has been possible to achieve great economy in heat utilization. The MEE condensate will be reused in plant and MEE concentrate will be further passes into ATFD. Salts from the ATFD will be disposed at TSDF facility.

Sludge/Salt Generation from ETP 2 and Disposal Facility The sludge generated from the proposed ETP-2 will be about 320 kg/day including chemical sludge and moisture which will be disposed at approved TSDF site. Salts generated from the MEE will be about 17 TPD which will be disposed at approved TSDF site.

Block Diagram – ETP 2 Block diagram of Proposed ETP – 2 is shown in Figure 2-15.

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Figure 2-15: Process Block Diagram – ETP 2

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Total Sludge/Salt Generation and Disposal Facility Total sludge generation from the ETP’s will be about 470 kg/day. The MEE salt generation will be about 17 TPD. Water Conservation Measures Following measures shall be taken to reduce fresh water demand:    

Use of drip irrigation/sprinkling system for green belt development, which will reduce the fresh water demand; Washing water shall be again reused; Recycling RO and MEE is proposed to reuse ETP treated water; Avoid the leakage of water sources which will be maintained by continuous monitoring by flow measurements.

Action Plan for Zero Liquid Discharge The waste water will be generated from the process, utilities and domestic area. The process effluent along with utilities blowdowns and domestic sewage will be treated in ETP followed by RO. The permeate from the RO will be reused in plant areas and reject will be treated into MEE. Advance systems like ATFD / Spray dryers shall be equipped to achieve” Zero Liquid Discharge” concept.

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2.15

SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE IDENTIFICATION, QUANTIFICATION, STORAGE AND DISPOSAL

2.15.1

Identification of Waste

From the proposed project, it is envisaged that different type of hazardous waste like Used/spent oil, Distillation residue, Process waste from CaCl2 Plant, Chemical containing residue arising from decontamination, Discarded containers/barrels/liners contaminated with hazardous waste, Chemical sludge from waste water treatment, ATFD / Spray Dryer Solid Waste, Inorganic acids (HCl) shall be generated. Non-hazardous solid waste like Brine Sludge will be stored in in-house SLF and disposed to authorized TSDF. Fly ash shall be disposed off as per Fly ash notification. Based on the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, as amended till date, categorization, storage and disposal of both process and non-process wastes shall be done. In-principal approval for receiving landfilling / incineration waste by Saurastra Enviro Projects Pvt. Ltd., Kutch Facility is received and attached as Annexure 6. 2.15.2

Categorization, Storage and Disposal of Waste

Based on the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, as amended till date, categorization, storage and disposal of both process and non-process wastes are provided in Table 2-28.

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Table 2-28: Categorization, Storage and Disposal of Waste S. No

Waste Name

Category

MT/Year

Source

Means of storage

Disposal Method

Incineration

Hazardous Waste 1

Distillation residue

20.3

200

Hydrogenation Process

Drums

2

Used/spent oil

5.1

10

Utilities

Drums

Sold to authorized Recyclers

3

Discarded drums and containers

33.1

6,000 Nos.

Process

As it is

Collection, decontamination & sold to authorized vendor

4

Contaminated cotton rags or other cleaning materials

33.2

1

Handling

Poly Bag / Drums

Incineration

5

ETP waste and MEE salts

35.3

6,125

ETP & MEE

HDPE Bags

TSDF

Non-Hazardous Waste 1

Brine Sludge

--

23,400

Caustic Soda

Inhouse SLF

As per rules.

2

Solid Waste

--

9,000

Calcium Chloride

HDPE Bags

Can be sold as Stabilizer/agriculture

3

Fly Ash

--

50,000

Power plant

Silos

Shall be given to Brick/Cement manufacturing Industries

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Storage Area

Adequate storage space to store hazardous waste for maximum 90 days will be provided. 2.15.4

Treatment of Waste

The waste will be neutralized before sending to Landfill if required. 2.15.5 

 

Transportation of Waste

The transport of the hazardous wastes will be in accordance with the provisions of The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2016 as amended till date and the rules made by the Central Government under the Motor Vehicles Act. 1988 Manifest system will be followed in accordance with Form 13 of Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2016 as amended till date. TREM card will be provided to the transport drivers as per Form 11 of Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2016 as amended till date.

2.15.6

Safety System during Handling and Transportation of Waste

PPE’s like hand gloves, organic mask, gum boots/safety shoes, dust mask/ nose mask will be provided to workers and drivers involved in handling and transportation of hazardous waste.

2.16

MITIGATION MEASURES AT DESIGN STAGE

Description of operation control incorporated into the project to meet environmental standards, environmental operating conditions at design stage are tabulated in Table 2-29.

2.17

ASSESSMENT OF NEW AND UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY

No recommendation of Assessment of New and Untested Technology was given during appraisal stage, hence it is not carried out. World-wide tested technology for manufacturing of technical grade of pesticides shall be used.

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Table 2-29: Operational Controls at Design Stage Operational Controls at Design Stage S. No.

Name of Plant

Air

Water

Hazardous Waste

Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act – 1981

Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act – 1974

Hazardous Waste (Management Handling & Trans Boundary Movement) Rules, 2016.

Parameters

Energy

1

2

Chlor Alkali

Synthetic Organic Units

HCl, Cl2 & HC

Scrubber

--

--

Waste Water

--

ETP with MEE and RO/ATFD.

--

--

--

Brine Sludge will be stored in inhouse SLF.

Solid Waste Safety

Interlocks, gas detection systems, alarm system, solvent recovery system, sprinkler system, control valves and fire hydrant system with water curtains will be designed and provided.

Energy

Energy efficiency will be considered during technology selection.

HCl, Cl2 & HC

Scrubber

--

Waste Water

--

ETP with MEE and RO/ATFD.

--

--

Impervious flooring with adequate storage space and dyke wall will be provided.

Hazardous Waste Safety

3

Coal based power plant

4

--

--

Interlocks, gas detection systems, alarm system, solvent recovery system, sprinkler system, control valves and fire hydrant system with water curtains will be designed and provided.

SPM, SO2, NOx

Adequate Stack Height, low sulphur content will be purchased.

--

--

Waste Water

--

Treated in ETP and RO.

--

Hazardous Waste

--

--

Impervious flooring with adequate storage space and dyke wall will be provided.

Safety Operation of Utilities

Energy efficiency will be considered during technology selection.

Interlocks, gas detection systems, alarm system, solvent recovery system, sprinkler system, control valves and fire hydrant system with water curtains will be designed and provided.

SPM, SO2, NOx

Adequate Stack Ht.

--

--

Waste Water

--

Treated in ETP followed by RO.

--

Hazardous Waste

--

--

Sold to Authorized Agencies.

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3

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1

STUDY AREA

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The study area is considered within 10 km radius of the project site. Study area map of proposed project on google image and toposheet is shown in Map 3-1 & Figure 3-1.

3.2

PERIOD

Baseline monitoring study and surveys of the study area has been carried out in summer season from 15th March, 2016 to 15st June, 2016.

3.3

COMPONENTS

The baseline environmental data of valued environmental components with respect to air, noise, water, land, flora, fauna, socio-economic and soil quality in the study area was collected by conducting primary data collection which includes sampling/field studies, survey & secondary data collection as mandated by the ToR issued by EAC.

3.4

METHODOLOGY

The guidelines given in the EIA Manual of the MoEFCC and methodologies mentioned in Technical EIA Guidelines Manual for Pesticides Industries and Pesticide Specific Intermediates by IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd., approved by MoEFCC is followed for conducting the baseline environmental survey. Field monitoring for meteorological conditions, ambient air quality, water quality, noise quality, Soil quality etc. has been carried out, which constitutes major portion of the baseline environmental studies. In addition to these important parameters, certain aspects like land use, socio-economic studies, Ecological and Biodiversity studies etc. are covered during the study period. This information is based on secondary information sources and constitutes remaining part of the baseline environmental studies. Sampling location map within the study area is shown in Map 3-2. The entire data has been collected through actual physical surveys and observations, literature surveys, interaction with locals, government agencies and departments. 3.4.1

Primary data Collection

Primary Data collected includes: Sampling/Field Studies

Survey

   

 

Ambient air quality Noise Ground water/Surface water quality Soil Quality

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Map 3-1: Study Area Map – 10 Km from Project Site

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Figure 3-1: Project Site on Toposheet No. F42E4 (Gandhidham, Gujarat)

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Map 3-2: Sampling Location Map

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Secondary Data Collection

This includes review of secondary/published information on:  

Socio-Economic profile; Sensitive area as biosphere reserve, forests, sanctuaries, places of historical, archeological, tourist’s importance, etc. if any.

3.5

ESTABLISHMENT OF BASELINE FOR VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

3.5.1

Long Term Meteorology3

The climate of the study area is based on information from the most recent published long-term climatological tables (1981 – 2010) by Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), for New Kandla (Station ID: 42639). The observatory was in the Harbour area of New Kandla. A copy of the long-term climatological data is enclosed as Annexure 8. These tables give useful information about a region’s weather, since they are collected over a 29-year period. Temperature The highest monthly temperature (mean) & daily maximum temperature (mean) recorded are 40.1°C & 35.5°C in the month of May. The highest temperature recorded was 47.1°C on 18th June, 1979. January is generally the coldest month, with daily minimum (mean) temperature of 14.5°C. The lowest temperature recorded was 4.4°C on 10th January, 1954. During summer season, i.e. March - May, mean dry bulb temperature remain between 22.4º – 34.1ºC. Humidity Most humid conditions are found in the monsoons, followed by summer, post-monsoons, and winter in that order. Mornings are more humid than evenings, highest relative humidity is recorded as 83% in August mornings followed by 82% in July mornings. During summer season, morning relative humidity remains between 68 – 76 % and in the evening it remains between 40 – 56 %. Rainfall The distribution of rainfall in the region, which includes the study area, is regular. Annual total rainfall in the region is 407.4 mm. Number of rainy days are 17.3. Distribution of rainfall by season is 384.4 mm in monsoons (June, July, August, September), 18.7 mm in October to December, 0.2 mm in January & February and 4.0 mm March to May. About 94.3

1 3

Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 1969 -1990, Broach (Bharuch) District.

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

percent of the annual rainfall in the region is received during the monsoon months i.e. June to September. July is the rainiest month. Heaviest rainfall in 24 hours was 224 mm recorded on 11th July, 1981. July is having maximum number of rainy days i.e. 6.5. Cloud Cover The area remains cloudy between July - August, which is the active period of the monsoon season. Generally cloud cover ranges from 1.2 to 5.4 OKTAS during monsoon season. In the summer season cloud cover ranges from 0.2 to 1.4 OKTAS. Wind Long term wind direction data is presented in Table 3-1. Overall for the whole year, first predominant wind directions is from SW Direction (31.0%), second predominant wind direction is from W (18.5%) and third predominant wind direction is from N Direction (15%). During the summer period, first predominant wind directions is from SW Direction (44.5%), second predominant wind direction is from W (21.8%) and third predominant wind direction is from S Direction (12.5%). Average wind speed in this period was 14.5 Km/Hr (4.0 m/sec).

Table 3-1: Predominant Wind Direction based on Long-term Data Predominant Wind Month

First

Second

Third

Morning

Evening

Morning

Evening

Morning

Evening

January

N

N

NW

NE

NE

SW / NW

February

N

N / SW

NW

S

NE / W

NE

March

W

SW

NW

S

N / SW

N

April

SW

SW

W

S

NW

W

May

SW

SW

W

W

S

S

June

SW

SW

W

W

S

S

July

SW

SW

W

W

S

S

August

SW

SW

W

W

S

S

September

W

SW

SW

W

NW

S

October

N

SW

NW

S

W

N

November

N

N

NW

NE

NE

SW

December

N

N

NW

NE

NE

NW

Average Long Term Meteorological Condition Average meteorological condition is given in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2: Average Meteorological Condition based on Long-term Data Month January

Mean Daily Temperature Max

Min

26.1

14.5

Rainfall (mm) Monthly Total

No. of Rainy days

Relative Humidity (%), (Morning)

Relative Humidity (%), (Evening)

0.2

0

62

40

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Month

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Rainfall (mm) Monthly Total

No. of Rainy days

Relative Humidity (%), (Morning)

Relative Humidity (%), (Evening)

Max

Min

February

28.6

16.7

0

0.1

63

36

March

32.4

20.7

0.8

0.1

68

40

April

34.7

23.9

0.1

0

73

48

May

35.5

26.7

3.1

0.2

76

56

June

35.2

28.1

64.7

1.9

78

61

July

32.9

27.3

175.7

6.5

82

68

August

31.8

26.3

99.1

5.4

83

69

September

33.3

25.9

44.9

2.1

80

60

October

34.9

24.6

14

0.6

70

46

November

31.7

20.4

3.3

0.4

64

41

December

27.6

16

1.4

0.1

62

42

Total

--

--

407.4

17.3

--

--

Average

32.1

22.6

--

--

72

51

3.5.2

Site Specific Meteorology

Baseline meteorological data has been collected hourly by installing automatic meteorological station at roof top of security building of existing unit, near Varsana Village which is 1.0 Km in S direction from proposed project site. Methodology for Collection of Meteorological Parameters Methodology for meteorological data collection is given in Table 3-3.

Table 3-3: Monitoring Methodology of Meteorological Data Sample collection S. No.

Sampling Parameters

1

Wind Speed

Sampling equipment Anemometer cup counter

Sensitivity/ Detection Limit

Total Sampling Period

Sampling Frequency

Methodology

0.25 m/s

(0 to 65 m/s) 2

Wind Direction

3

Temperature

4

Humidity

Wind vane (0° to 357°) Thermometer (-40° to 60°) Relative Humidity meter

1° 0.1°C

Summer 2016

Hourly

3%

As per manufacturer’s manual (IS 8829 -1978) Instruments are calibrated.

(0-99%) 5

Rainfall

Rain gauge

0.5 mm

6

Cloud Cover

--

--

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4 Hourly

Visual Inspection by the observer.

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Summer 2016’s Site Specific Meteorological Data The data obtained have then been compiled to obtain average data as shown in Table 3-4.

Table 3-4: Average Meteorological Data at Varsana Village Time

Temp °C

Relative Humidity %

Wind Speed (m/sec)

Wind Direction

Cloud Cover, Octas

Rainfall, mm

Average / Predominant

32.5

44

6.1

WSW

9.8

1.0

Compiled mean meteorological data is represented in Table 3-5.

Table 3-5: Mean Meteorological Data of Varsana Village Time

Temp °C

Relative Humidity %

Wind Speed (m/sec)

Wind Direction

Cloud Cover, Octas

Rainfall, mm

0:00

30.5

50

6.3

W

10.8

1.1

1:00

29.7

53

6.2

W

12.5

1.2

2:00

28.8

55

5.9

WSW

12.6

1.3

3:00

28.2

56

5.5

WSW

14.0

1.4

4:00

27.7

59

5.5

WSW

13.2

1.3

5:00

27.6

61

5.4

W

14.2

1.4

6:00

27.3

63

5.2

WSW/W

13.9

1.4

7:00

28.1

59

5.3

W

12.7

1.3

8:00

29.2

56

5.4

W

12.5

1.3

9:00

30.2

53

5.5

W

12.3

1.2

10:00

32.3

46

5.5

W

10.4

1.0

11:00

34.4

38

5.6

W

9.3

0.9

12:00

35.5

32

5.4

WSW

6.9

0.7

13:00

36.5

29

5.7

WSW

6.6

0.7

14:00

37.4

27

5.9

SW

6.5

0.7

15:00

38.0

25

6.1

SW

6.8

0.7

16:00

37.6

27

6.6

SW

7.1

0.7

17:00

37.1

28

7.0

WSW

7.3

0.7

18:00

36.8

29

7.4

WSW

7.5

0.8

19:00

35.8

34

7.3

WSW

7.5

0.8

20:00

34.5

38

7.1

WSW

7.1

0.7

21:00

33.3

42

7.0

WSW

7.0

0.7

22:00

32.5

45

6.8

WSW

8.1

0.8

23:00

31.5

48

6.6

W

9.3

0.9

Site-specific meteorological data shows that:  

Average wind speed in the summer season was 6.1 m/sec. Maximum wind speed recorded was 12.5 m/sec at 1600 Hrs, 22nd May. Wind blows predominantly from WSW to ENE direction (32.0%). Calm wind contributes to about 4.14 % of all winds. Windrose diagram is shown as Figure 3-2. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Average temperature recorded for summer season was 32.5°C with maximum temperature recorded as 46.2°C at 1500 Hrs, 19th May and minimum of 22.1°C at 0600 Hrs, 14th March. The average relative humidity was 44% with maximum humidity recorded as 85.4% at 0500 Hrs, 01st April and minimum of 11.9% at 1500 Hrs, 1st March.

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3-2: Windrose Diagram for Summer Season – 2016

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Collation of Site Specific Data with Secondary Data of IMD Site specific Meteorological data is compared with IMD’s secondary data as shown in Table 3-6.

Table 3-6: Collation of Meteorological data – Summer Season S. No.

Parameters

Site Specific

IMD (Long term 1981 – 2010)

1

Average Wind Speed

21.85 Km/Hr.

14.50 Km/Hr.

2

Predominant Wind Direction (From)

SW to NE direction (32.0 %).

SW to NE direction (44.5 %).

3

Temperature

Max. – 46.2 °C. Min. – 22.1 °C.

Max. – 45.9 °C. (4th May, 2002) Min. – 12.8 °C (1st March, 1972).

4

Relative Humidity

Max. – 85.4 %. Min. – 11.9 %.

Max. – 76 %. Min. – 17.8 %.

3.5.3

Land Use

Methodology Adopted for Land Use / Land Cover Study Land Use and Land Cover is classified in Annexure 9. The project area was placed, based on coordinates taken on the site, on satellite imagery and determined the study area for the proposed project. The resulting satellite data of study area was interpreted through onscreen visual interpretation using basic elements of interpretation resulting in the combined land use/cover map for the proposed project. To accomplish the objective the following steps were undertaken:    

Study and collection of relevant documents and maps Interpretation of satellite data Ground truth study/Field survey Final map preparation

Study and Collection of Relevant Documents and Maps This covers:   

Downloading of remote sensing data using the licensed software, Google Earth Pro having high resolution (<1.0 m) imagery. Topographical maps as base map. Reconnaissance survey of the study area to get a general feel of the entire ground area which can aid in the preliminary interpretation of the data.

Interpretation of Satellite Data The downloaded satellite imagery was imported to software and geo referencing of the imagery was done by registering it to the SOI maps through identification of common points between the map and the image. Considering the basic elements of interpretation, such as tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, location, association, shadow, aspect and resolution along with ground truth and ancillary information collected during the preliminary reconnaissance survey, the interpretation was accomplished.

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Ground Truth Studies/Field survey A detailed ground truth was carried out to check the discrepancy of the interpreted data. It comprises of data collection of ground features along with the respective geographical position in terms of latitudes and longitudes. The aim of ground truth studies is to confirm whether the interpreted land use / cover are correct thus improving the quality of the output. Interaction was done with local people to gather background information. The field survey consisted of traversing the study area, cross-checking of unidentified features. Field notes were kept in the form of log sheets recording information pertaining to co-ordinates, photographs and identified land use/cover. Additional features identified or remarks made against existing interpretation were also recorded. A field visit was done on 13th April, 2016.

Table 3-7 & Photograph 3-1 enumerates the land features in the study area and its corresponding GPS readings of all the ground truthing locations verified.

Table 3-7: GPS Reading Enumerating the Land Use Features in Study Area S. No.

Latitude

Longitude

Location

Classes

1

23° 11’ 14.3”

70° 09‘ 47.0”

Bhimasar

Waterbody

2

23° 13’ 46.5”

70° 11’ 15.4”

Pasuda

Village

3

23° 14’ 11.9”

70° 08’ 17.8”

Tapar

Canal

4

23° 14’ 50.1”

70° 07’ 38.5”

Tapar

Dam

5

23° 10’ 59.6”

70° 10’ 03.2”

Bhimasar

Industrial Area

6

23° 10’ 21.1”

70° 11’ 11.3”

Bhimasar

Project site

7

23° 08’ 46.1”

70° 09’ 01.4”

Modvadar

Waterbody

8

23° 09’ 49.5”

70° 06’ 49.4”

Ajapar

Village

9

23° 11’ 17.7”

70° 13’ 48.2”

Yasodadham

Colony

Photograph 3-1: Photographs Showing Different Type of Land Use in Study Area

Salt pans on southern region

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Tapar village Prosopis juliflora covered region

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Bhimasar water body

Scrub region

Tapar canal

Bhimasar Industrial Area

Class wise Area Statistics The area statistics of these classes are presented in Table 3-8.

Table 3-8: Area Statistic for Land Use / Land Cover Categories in the Study Area Sr. No.

1

2

3

4

5

Primary Classification Built-up Land or Habitation Agricultural Land

Wastelands

Water Bodies

Secondary Classification

Area, Secondary Class km2

Ha.

~%

Residential / Commercial

4.3

430

1.3

Industrial

10.4

1,041

3.1

Crop Land/Fallow Land

137.2

13,722

40.8

Plantation

0.0

3

0.0

Land without Scrub

17.2

1,718

5.1

Mudflat

14.6

1,462

4.3

Salt affected land

0.1

12

0.0

Reservoir / Lakes / Ponds / Tanks

2.8

275

0.8

River Beds

1.9

190

0.6

Creek

7.1

710

2.1

Scrub

57.1

5,707

17.0

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Area, Primacy Class km2

Ha.

~%

14.7

1,471

4.4

137.3

13,725

40.8

31.9

3,192

9.5

11.8

1,176

3.5

100.3

10,033

29.8

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Primary Classification

Vegetation Cover

6

Others

Area, Secondary Class

Secondary Classification

km2

Ha.

~%

Open Vegetation

32.4

3,245

9.6

Close Vegetation

1.0

103

0.3

Mangroves

9.8

978

2.9

Salt Pans

39.2

3,924

Storage area

1.5

153

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Area, Primacy Class km2

Ha.

~%

11.7

39.2

3,924

11.7

0.5

1.5

153

0.5

336.7

33,675

100

Total

Note: Road, Railways, Canals are not calculated separately in area statistics Following were observed and noted during the study:  

  

 

The most observed category in the region was agriculture, scrub and salt pans as per area covered; The crops grown in this region was mostly juwar (Sorghum vulgare), bajra (Pennisetum glaucum), and Moong (Vigna radiate) during rainy seasons. Other crops like wheat, guwar, groundnut, til, cotton and castor are grown in some area. The cultivation is essentially through rain water and in some area through bore wells. It was observed that along the agriculture land there was plantation of Coconut and Khajur; Also along the coast there was stretch of Mudflat, and Salt affected land; Sang and Sakra rivers flows through the region, which meets the sea. There were Khadawali, Bhojawali, Sanu and Sara creeks flows through the study area; Near Pasuda on the northern region there are scrubs having Capparis deciduas, Cassia tora etc. dominated shrub species. Open and Close vegetation region were mixed species dominated by Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica; The Mangroves were well distributed along the creek in the region; Industrial area in the study area was spread along the highway NH 8A.

Final Map Preparation The proportional presence of different land uses and land cover in terms of statistical percentages was derived for the study area. Appropriate legends were used to represent the various categories of land use and land cover, and were then represented on land use and land cover map, Map 3-3. Important Features of Project Site & Study Area There is no Biosphere Reserve, National Park, Sanctuary & Reserved Forests within the study area. However, details of the important features in the study area are provided in Table 3-9.

Table 3-9: Important Features within the Study Area S. N.

Features

Details falling within study area

1

Critically Polluted Areas

None Identified

2

National Park / Wildlife Sanctuary

None Identified

3

Tiger Reserve / Elephant Reserve / Turtle Nesting Ground

None Identified

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

4

Core Zone of Biosphere Reserve

None Identified

5

Reserved / Protected / Social Forests

None Identified in Study area.

6

Habitat for migratory birds

None Identified Estuary: Nearest Estuary ( ~ 7.5 Km towards SE) Sea: Gulf of Kutch ( ~ 20 Km towards SSE)

7

Estuary / Sea / Lakes / Reservoir / Dams / Streams / River

8

Mangroves

9

Mountains / Hills

None Identified

10

Archaeological Sites (as per ASI)

None Identified

11

Defense Installation

None Identified

River: Churva River (~ 3.5 Km towards S) Ponds: Approximately 14 Ponds within study area, having 4 ponds within 5 Km from project site as tabulated in Table 3-10. None Identified in Study area. Afforested Mangroves ( ~ 7 Km towards E)

Table 3-10: Ponds within 5 Km from Project Site S. N.

Pond / River / Other Water Bodies

Distance in Km / Direction w.r.t Site

1

Padana Pond

~ 1.0 / S

2

Varsana Pond

~ 1.5 / ENE

3

Bhimasar Pond

~ 2.5 / NW

4

Modvadar Pond

~ 4.5 / SW

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Map 3-3: Land Use Map

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3.5.4

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Ambient Air

Ambient Quality Monitoring was conducted at Eight (8) locations within the study area. Sampling Frequency The frequency of monitoring was 24 hours (PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)) & 1 hour (HCl & Cl2), twice a week at each station spread over the entire season. Grab sampling for gaseous parameters like HC (Methane and Nonmethane) & VOC taken atleast twice a month. Methodology Adopted for AAQM Parameters The parameters monitored were PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, HCl, Cl2, HC (Methane and Nonmethane) & VOC. Other parameters as specified in ToR, i.e. CO2, CO, acid mist were not analyzed as source for the same is not envisaged from the project. The detailed monitoring methodology for ambient air is given in Table 3-11.

Table 3-11: Methodology of Analyzing Ambient Air Monitoring Parameters Sampling Parameters

Sampling equipment / Solution used

Analytical Equipment

Sensitivity/ Detection Limit

Methodology

PM10

Respirable Dust Sampler with Cyclone & Flow measurement

Electronic balance

10 µg/m3

Gravimetric IS: 5182 (Part 23) 2006

PM2.5

Fine Particulate Sampler

Electronic Balance

3 µg/m3

Gravimetric

SO2

Gaseous Flow (Impinger with TCM) with RDS

Spectro photometer

3.7 µg/m3

Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part II) 2001

Spectro photometer

6 µg/m3

Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part VI) 2006

HCl

Gaseous Flow (Impinger with Distilled Water) with RDS

Titrimetric Method

0.2 µg/m3

Argentometric Method

Cl2

Gaseous Flow (Impinger with Methyl Orange) with RDS

Colorimetric

1.0 µg/m3

IS 5182 (Part 19): 1982

HC (Methane & Non Methane)

Bladder & Pump

GC

1 ppm

IS 5182 (Part 21)

GC

1 ppm

IS 5182 (Part 2)

NOX

Gaseous Flow (Impinger with Sodium Hydroxide (0.1 N) Media) with RDS

VOC

Bladder & Pump (Charcoal adsorption/ analyzer)

AAQM Monitoring Locations The locations for AAQM were decided based on the prescribed guidelines4. For this EIA, the purpose is to ascertain the baseline pollutant concentrations in ambient air. Accordingly, the criterion was selected to ascertain quality of air at important human settlements (residential areas).

1 4

As per Guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring by CPCB, MoEF Published as SERIES: NAAQMS/ …/2003-04, April, 2013

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Details of AAQM monitoring locations and justification for selecting these stations are presented in Table 3-12 & Photograph 3-2.

Table 3-12: AAQM Locations with Justification AAQM Station

Location & Address

Source

Distance from Project Site in Km

Direction w. r. t Project Site

Justification for selection of station

AA01

At Project Site

Industrial

0

-

Core station

AA02

Varsana

Residential

~ 1.25

NE

1st Downwind

AA03

Nandgaon

Residential

~ 3.85

NE

2nd Downwind

AA04

At KCIL (Unit 1)

Industrial

~ 0.40

SW

1st Upwind

AA05

Padana

Residential

~ 1.10

S

1st Crosswind

AA06

Bhimasar

Residential

~ 2.50

NW

2nd Crosswind

AA07

Modvadar

Residential

~ 4.00

SW

2nd Upwind

N

3rd Crosswind (1st downwind to 3rd predominant Wind Direction)

AA08

Pashuda

Residential

~ 6.20

Photograph 3-2: Photographs of AAQ Sampling Stations

Ambient Air Monitoring Station at Varsana

Ambient Air Monitoring at Nandgaon

Ambient Air Monitoring at KCIL Unit 1

Ambient Air Monitoring at Bhimasar

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Ambient Air Monitoring at Modvadar

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Ambient Air Monitoring at Pashuda

AAQM Results Detailed result of AAQM are given in Annexure 11. Complied average data are represented in Table 3-13. The comparison of the results with the value range indicators provided by CPCB ( Annexure 10) and Factories Act indicates:   





Average concentration of PM10 recorded ranged from minimum 54 µg/m3 (At Pashuda Village) to maximum 134 µg/m3 (At Project Site); Average concentration of PM2.5 recorded raged from minimum 13 µg/m3 (At Padana) to maximum 75 µg/m3 (At Varsana Village); It is noted that the average PM10 & PM2.5 results does not exceeds the permissible limits of 100 µg/m3 & 60 µg/m3 respectively for 24 Hrs. at all locations except at KCIL, Unit – 1 (only PM10) which could be due to:  Operation of existing unit (industrial activities);  Near coastal regional, influence of windy atmosphere;  Vehicular movement on the “ kaccha” road connecting site to main highway. The concentration of SO2 (8.0 – 11.7 µg/m3), NOx (18.1 – 44.8 µg/m3), HCl ( < 1.0 – 8.6 µg/m3), Cl2 (< 1.0 – 12.2 µg/m3) & HC Methane (994 – 1,411 µg/m3) are within permissible limits as prescribed by CPCB & Factories act; The concentration of NMHC – Non-Methane & VOC were below detectable limit.

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3-13: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results Parameters & Results

Station code

AA1

AA2

AA3

AA4

All stations are in Industrial, Residential, Rural & Other Areas (CPCB)

3

Note: All units are in µg/m . Figures in brackets indicate CPCB limits. Minimum Reportable Readings are 8 µg/m3 for SO2, 10 µg/m3 for NOX & NMHC, 1.0 µg/m3 for Cl2 & HCl, 800 µg/m3 for HC & 1.0 ppm for VOC. PM10

PM2.5

SO2

NOX

HCl

Cl2

HC

NMHC's

VOC

100

60

80

80

[24 Hours]

[24 Hours]

[24 Hours]

[24 Hours]

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Maximum

134

56

10.8

44.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,215

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

62

18

Average

89

28

8.0

18.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

994

< 10

< 1 ppm

98%tile

134

52

9.2

29.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,124

< 10

< 1 ppm

10.6

43.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,213

< 10

< 1 ppm

Maximum

129

75

10.8

43.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,323

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

71

23

8.0

27.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,017

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

95

98%tile

129

34

9.4

33.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,160

< 10

< 1 ppm

75

10.7

43.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,315

< 10

< 1 ppm

Maximum

117

45

11.7

44.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,317

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

61

19

8.0

27.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,040

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

89

29

9.1

34.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,198

< 10

< 1 ppm

98%tile

117

42

11.3

44.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,315

< 10

< 1 ppm

Maximum

127

50

10.8

44.5

8.6

12.2

1,379

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

68

23

8.0

21.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,037

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

103

31

9.5

34.4

2.7

4.0

1,203

< 10

< 1 ppm

98%tile

127

46

10.7

44.2

8.4

12.0

1,374

< 10

< 1 ppm

At Project Site

Varsana

Nandgaon

KCIL (Unit 1)

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Parameters & Results

Station code

AA5

AA6

AA7

AA8

All stations are in Industrial, Residential, Rural & Other Areas (CPCB)

3

Note: All units are in µg/m . Figures in brackets indicate CPCB limits. Minimum Reportable Readings are 8 µg/m3 for SO2, 10 µg/m3 for NOX & NMHC, 1.0 µg/m3 for Cl2 & HCl, 800 µg/m3 for HC & 1.0 ppm for VOC. PM10

PM2.5

SO2

NOX

HCl

Cl2

HC

NMHC's

VOC

100

60

80

80

[24 Hours]

[24 Hours]

[24 Hours]

[24 Hours]

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

Maximum

118

36

10.9

43.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,370

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

63

13

8.0

21.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,083

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

91

98%tile

117

28

9.5

32.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,215

< 10

< 1 ppm

36

10.8

43.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,360

< 10

< 1 ppm

Maximum

125

44

10.5

41.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,411

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

73

16

8.0

22.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,112

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

94

29

9.2

32.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,234

< 10

< 1 ppm

98%tile

124

43

10.5

41.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,401

< 10

< 1 ppm

Maximum

128

41

10.9

41.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,388

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

62

20

8.0

22.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,077

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

95

29

9.4

31.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,221

< 10

< 1 ppm

98%tile

126

40

10.9

41.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,375

< 10

< 1 ppm

Maximum

127

42

10.4

38.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,247

< 10

< 1 ppm

Minimum

54

24

8.0

24.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,039

< 10

< 1 ppm

Average

91

31

8.9

31.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,165

< 10

< 1 ppm

98%tile

125

42

10.4

37.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,245

< 10

< 1 ppm

Padana

Bhimasar

Modvadar

Pashuda

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

91

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

3.5.5

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Traffic Survey

Traffic survey was carried out at: NH-6, Near Padana Village on 22.06.2016. The road is 24 meters wide which is 3-Lane (One Way), Sub-arterial Road 5 and connects site to Bhachau and Gandhidham; NH-50, Near Bhimasar Village on 21.06.2016. The road is 7.5 meters wide which is 2-Lane (Two Way), Collector Road and connects site to Anjar & Bhimasar.

 

Peak hours are considered from 08:00 – 12:00 Noon and 16:00 – 20:00 Hours. As tabulated in Table 4-9 -Table 4-12, average peak hourly traffic on these routes are: 

NH-6, from Bhachau to Gandhidham and from Gandhidham to Bhachau is 938 and 320 PCU respectively; NH-50, from Bhimasar to Anjar and from Anjar to Bhimasar is 161 and 118 PCU respectively.



Traffic Survey sheets are given in Annexure 14. 3.5.6

Noise & Vibration

The objective of monitoring background noise level in study area is to establish baseline noise level to identify impact due to proposed activity. Methodology for Noise Level Analysis Monitoring of noise is done by identifying suitable monitoring locations. Background noise quality is monitored at the selected locations, in dB (A) Leq (d) and dB (A) Leq (n). Monitoring methodology for noise monitoring is given in Table 3-14.

Table 3-14: Noise Level Monitoring Methodology Envt. Component

Ambient Noise

Sample collection

Sampling Location

Sampling Frequency

Methodology

8 Locations

Once during the study (Hourly reading for 24 hours at each location)

Sound Level Measurement (SLM)

Sampling Equipment

Detection Limit

Noise Level Meter

0.1 dB (A)

Sampling Parameter

Decibels – dB (A)

Following methodology is followed to conduct baseline monitoring, impact assessment and to propose suitable mitigation measures:    

Site visit (for existing plant) and identification of sources of noise and vibrations; Determining possible impacts of Noise & Vibrations on the environment from proposed activities; Identifying monitoring locations and conducting Noise monitoring; Prediction of incremental noise levels by using SoundPlan software;

1 As per The Indian Road Congress - Guideline for capacity of roads in urban Area. (IRC:106-1990), Table-2, Recommended Design Service Volumes, page – 11. 5

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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 

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Checking whether the increase of SPL in the locations surrounding the project makes conflicts with stipulated allowable norms; Suggestions of mitigation measures of Noise/Vibrations and to reduce noise/vibrations of sources exceeding the allowable limits of SPL.

The standard for monitoring ambient noise level as per CPCB guidelines is as given in Table 3-15.

Table 3-15: Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of Noise for Different Areas/Zones Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of NOISE The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 Note:

Area Code

Category

A

Limits in dB(A) Leq* Day Time

Night Time

Industrial

75.0

70.0

B

Commercial

65.0

55.0

C

Residential

55.0

45.0

D

Silence

50.0

45.0



Day Time: 6:00 AM to 10:00 PM; Night Time: 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM



dB (A) Leq*: denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing.

Noise Level Monitoring Locations Receivers were placed nearby project site, at a distance of 2 Km maximum from the source of noise generation and at sensitive locations ambient noise monitoring i.e. habitation area. Noise readings were taken at Eight (8) different locations within the study area as presented in Table 3-16. Photographs showing monitoring location is given in Photograph 3-3. Map showing monitoring station locations is given in Map 3-2.

Table 3-16: Noise Level Monitoring Locations Location Code

Location

Date of monitoring

Category of Area / Zone

Distance from Project Site in Km

Direction w.r.t. Project Site

NL1

At Project Boundary (E)

22.06.16

Industrial

-

-

NL2

At Project Boundary (W)

21.06.16

Industrial

-

-

NL3

At Project Boundary (N)

21.06.16

Industrial

-

-

NL4

At Project Boundary (SW)

22.06.16

Industrial

-

-

NL5

Padana Village

23.06.16

Residential

1.16

S

NL6

Varsana Village

23.06.16

Residential

1.45

NE

NL7

100 m N from project boundary

24.06.16

Industrial

0.10

N

NL8

1.40 km NW from project boundary

24.06.16

Industrial

1.40

NW

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Photograph 3-3: Photographs of Noise Level Monitoring Stations

At 100 m N from Project Boundary

At Padna Village

At Varsana Village

At 1.40 km NW from project boundary

Noise Level Results The average noise levels at monitoring stations are presented in Table 3-17.

Table 3-17: Noise Level Monitoring Results CPCB Limits in Location Code

Location

Date

Category

NL1

At Project Boundary (E)

22.06.16

NL2

At Project Boundary (W)

NL3

dB (A)

Average Noise levels in dB (A)

Day Time

Night Time

Day Time

Night Time

Industrial

75.0

70.0

62.7

56.0

21.06.16

Industrial

75.0

70.0

63.7

57.2

At Project Boundary (N)

21.06.16

Industrial

75.0

70.0

62.8

58.1

NL4

At Project Boundary (SW)

22.06.16

Industrial

75.0

70.0

64.4

57.1

NL5

Padana Village

23.06.16

Residential

55.0

45.0

56.2

46.8

NL6

Varsana Village

23.06.16

Residential

55.0

45.0

58.8

49.7

NL7

100 m. north from project boundary

24.06.16

Industrial

75.0

70.0

60.1

53.9

NL8

1.40 km NW from project boundary

24.06.16

Industrial

75.0

70.0

61.4

54.2

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Observations: Based on the noise monitoring results, it is observed that: 

Noise level during day time & night time, in Industrial area, were within the CPCB standards i.e. Industrial area (75 dBA (d) & 70 dBA (n)). Noise level during day & night time, in Residential area, were slightly higher than the CPCB standards which is due to vehicular movements in nearby highways.



Vibration Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an equilibrium point. The oscillations may be periodic such as the motion of a pendulum or random such as the movement of a tire on a gravel road. Major sources of vibration are blasting due to mining activities, vibration caused by motions of engines, electric motors, or any mechanical device in operation theses are typically unwanted. Such vibrations can be caused by imbalances in the rotating parts, uneven friction, the meshing of gear teeth, etc. such vibrations can be reduced by proper designing. During construction phase other than constructing structures, no major sources of vibrations are envisaged due to proposed project. 3.5.7

Hydrology, Surface Water & Ground Water

The objective of monitoring surface and ground water in study area is to establish baseline water quality to identify impact due to proposed activity. Source of Water Raw water required for the project will be supplied by GWIL. This water is sourced from canal of Sardar Sarover Narmada Project. Priority for supply of this water to industries is after fulfilling the requirement of domestic needs of villages. But it is assured, that surplus water is available to meet the water requirement of project. Methodology Adopted for Surface and Ground Water Sampling Surface water was collected from Six (6) locations, including One (1) river water samples and Ground water from Eight (8) locations. The samples were collected as grab samples, from each location, once during the study period and the analysis methodology is given in Table 3-18.

Table 3-18: Analysis Methodology for Analyzing Surface & Ground Water Samples Parameters Analyzed in Surface Water

River (Estuary) Water

Ground Water

Minimum Detection Limit

√

√

√

1

S. No.

Parameters

Analysis Methodology

1

pH

APHA: 4500-H+ B*, pH meter

2

Color

APHA: 2120 *, Visual Comparison

3

Temperature

APHA: 2550 B *, Standard Thermometer

√

√

1 Deg C

4

Turbidity

APHA: 2130 B *, Nephelometric

√

√

4 NTU

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

1 Pt-Co

95

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Parameters Analyzed in S. No.

Parameters

Analysis Methodology

Surface Water

River (Estuary) Water

Ground Water

Minimum Detection Limit

5

TDS

APHA: 2540C *, Gravimetric

√

√

√

20 mg/l

6

Electrical conductivity

APHA: 2510 B *, Conductivity meter

√

√

√

1µmho/cm

7

COD

APHA: 5220 B *, Titrimetric Open reflux method

√

<5 mg/l

8

BOD

IS: 3025 (part-44), Iodometric

√

√

<3 mg/l

9

Chlorides

APHA:4500Cl- B *, Titrimetric

√

√

√

1.5 mg/l

10

Phenol

APHA: 5530-D *, colorimetric

√

√

√

0.001 mg/l

11

Sulphates

APHA:4500-E as SO4 *, Turbid metric

√

√

√

< 1 mg/l

12

Total Hardness

APHA: 2340-C *, Titrimetric (EDTA method)

√

√

√

< 10 mg/l

13

Ca++ Hardness

APHA: 3500-B-Ca * Titrimetric, (EDTA method)

√

√

√

< 4 mg/l

14

Mg++ Hardness

APHA: 3500-B-Mg *, By difference

√

√

√

8 mg/l

15

Total Alkalinity

APHA: 2320 B *, Titrimetric

√

√

<10 mg/l

16

Nitrate

IS:3025 (part-34),3.3 , colorimetric

√

√

√

<0.1 mg/l

17

Fluoride

APHA:4500 F-D*,Colorimetric

√

√

√

<0.1 mg/l

18

Sodium

APHA:3500 Na-B *, Flame emission Photometric

√

√

<1 mg/l

19

Potassium

APHA: 3500 K-B * Flame emission Photometric

√

√

<1 mg/l

20

Calcium

APHA Edition 22 (3500 Ca- B) Titrimetric (EDTA Method)

√

√

1 mg/l

21

Magnesium

APHA Edition 22 (3500 Mg- B), by difference

√

√

3 mg/l

22

Salinity

APHA: 2520 B *, Electrical Conductivity method

√

√

-

23

Total Nitrogen

APHA: 4500 N Org, Micro Kjeldahl Distillation *, Titrimetric

√

√

0.06 mg/l

24

Total Phosphorous

APHA: 4500 P-C *, colorimetric

√

√

<1 mg/l

25

Dissolved Oxygen

APHA: 4500O-C *, Iodometric

√

√

0.5 mg/l

26

Ammonical Nitrogen

APHA: 4170-B */IS:3025 (part34), 1988, Distillation & colorimetric

√

√

<0.01 mg/l

27

SAR

Flamephotmetric & EDTA method

√

√

-

28

Heavy Metals

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

√

√

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Parameters Analyzed in S. No.

Parameters

Analysis Methodology

a

Arsenic (as As)

b

Minimum Detection Limit

Surface Water

River (Estuary) Water

Ground Water

APHA: 3500-As-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS)*

√

√

√

<0.002 mg/l

Cadmium (as Cd)

APHA: 3500-Cd-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS) *

√

√

√

<0.003 mg/l

c

Chromium (as Cr)

APHA: 3500-Cr-B *, colorimetric

√

√

√

<0.003 mg/l

d

Copper (as Cu)

APHA: 3500-Cu-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS)* IS:3025(part42):1992

√

√

√

<0.05 mg/l

e

Cyanide (as CN)

APHA: 4500 CN- D & E*, colorimetric

√

√

√

0.003 mg/l

f

Iron (as Fe)

APHA: 3500-Fe-B *, colorimetric

√

√

√

<0.1 mg/l

g

Lead (as Pb)

APHA: 3500-Ld-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS)*

√

√

√

<0.01 mg/l

h

Mercury (as Hg)

APHA: 3500-Hg-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS)*

√

√

√

<0.001 mg/l

i

Manganese (as Mn)

APHA: 3500-Mn-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS) *

√

√

√

<0.04 mg/l

j

Nickel (as Ni)

APHA: 3500-Ni-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS)*

√

√

<0.02 mg/l

k

Zinc (as Zn)

APHA: 3500-Zn-A */ APHA: 3111-B(AAS)*

√

√

<0.08 mg/

l

Boron (as B)

APHA: 4500 B-C *, colorimetric

29

Total Coliform

APHA: 9221-B *, Multiple Tube Fermentation

√

30

Fecal Coliform

APHA: 9221-E *, Multiple Tube Fermentation

√

√ √ √

<0.02 mg/l √

1.8 MPN/100ml

√

1.8 MPN/100ml

* denotes methods as per 22nd Edition Surface Water Results Surface water samples were collected from Six (6) different locations within the study area as shown in Table 3-19, Map 3-2 & Photograph 3-4. Analysis results of collected samples are given in Table 3-20 & Table 3-21.

Table 3-19: Surface Water Sampling Locations – Ponds and River Code

Location

Source

Date of Sampling

Distance from Site (in Km)

Direction w.r.t Site

SW 1

Churva River

River

12.06.16

3.5

S

SW 2

Bhimasar

Pond

11.06.16

2.5

NW

SW 3

Modvadar

Pond

11.06.16

4.4

SW

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Sampling Rational To check water quality of the stagnant water body / river

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

Code

Location

Source

Date of Sampling

Distance from Site (in Km)

Direction w.r.t Site

SW 4

Padana

Pond

12.06.16

1.1

S

SW 5

Varsana

Pond

12.06.16

1.6

ENE

SW 6

Mithirohar

Pond

11.06.16

7.0

SW

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Sampling Rational

Photograph 3-4: Photographs of Surface Water Sampling

Churva River

Bhimasar Pond

Modvadar Pond

Padana Pond

Varsana Pond

Mithirohar Pond

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3-20: Surface Water (Ponds) Analysis Results IS 10500 Standard Limits for drinking water

S. No.

Parameters

Units

Samples Bhimasar

Modvadar

Padana

Varsana

Mithirohar

(SW 2)

(SW 3)

(SW 4)

(SW 5)

(SW 6)

Source

Pond

Pond

Pond

Pond

Pond

Date of sampling

11.06.16

11.06.16

12.06.16

12.06.16

11.06.16

Acceptable limit

Permissible limit

1

pH

pH scale

6.5-8.5

NR

8.15

8.02

8.1

7.61

8.19

2

Temperature

oC

NS

NS

32

32

32

32

32

3

Turbidity

NTU

1

5

3.5

2.9

3.1

3.8

4.1

4

TDS

mg/lit

500

2,000

365

351

414

439

3,859

5

Electrical conductivity

µmhos/cm

NS

NS

671

532

599

711

5,900

6

Phenol

mg/lit

0.001

0.002

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

7

Chlorides

mg/lit

250

1,000

140

135

149

125

1,712

8

Sulphates

mg/lit

200

400

23

28

65

93

398

9

Total Hardness

mg/lit

200

600

90

80

80

120

380

10

Ca++ Hardness

mg/lit

NS

NS

20

42

18

78

90

11

Mg++ Hardness

mg/lit

NS

NS

70

38

62

42

290

12

Total Alkalinity

mg/lit

200

600

270

240

260

160

280

13

Nitrate

mg/lit

45

NR

41.1

47.7

29.3

49.3

28.6

14

Fluoride

mg/lit

1

1.5

1.32

0.96

0.80

0.43

1.22

15

Sodium

mg/lit

NS

NS

115

83.7

110.3

109.2

1,229

16

Potassium

mg/lit

NS

NS

20.4

29

15.3

48.7

41.9

17

Calcium

mg/lit

75

200

8.0

17.0

7.2

31.0

36.0

18

Magnesium

mg/lit

30

100

17.0

9.0

15.1

10.0

70.0

19

Salinity

mg/lit

NS

NS

252

243

269

226

3,084

20

Total Nitrogen

mg/lit

0.5

NR

9.20

10.64

6.72

12.32

6.72

21

Total Phosphorous

mg/lit

NS

NS

<1

<1

<1

<1

<1

22

Dissolved Oxygen

mg/lit

NS

NS

4.1

4

3.9

4.3

4.2

23

Ammonical Nitrogen

mg/lit

NS

NS

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

24

SAR

-

NS

NS

5.24

4.00

5.00

4.32

27.28

25

Heavy Metals

a

Arsenic (as As)

mg/l

0.01

0.05

<0.002

<0.002

<0.002

<0.002

<0.002

b

Cadmium (as Cd)

mg/l

0.003

NR

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

c

Chromium (as Cr)

mg/l

0.05

NR

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

d

Copper (as Cu)

mg/l

0.05

1.5

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

e

Cyanide (as CN)

mg/l

0.05

NR

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

f

Iron (as Fe)

mg/l

0.3

NR

0.081

0.068

<0.01

0.66

<0.01

g

Lead (as Pb)

mg/l

0.01

NR

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

h

Mercury (as Hg)

mg/l

0.001

NR

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

i

Manganese (as Mn)

mg/l

0.1

0.3

<0.04

<0.04

<0.04

<0.04

<0.04

j

Nickel (as Ni)

mg/l

0.02

NR

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

k

Zinc (as Zn)

mg/l

5

15

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

<0.08

0.022

26

Total Coliform

MPN

Shall not be detectable

Shall not be detectable

15,000

12,000

13,000

14,000

17,000

27

Faecal Coliforms

MPN

Shall not be detectable

Shall not be detectable

1,200

940

1,700

2,300

1,300

NS: Not Specified

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Classification of River Water as per their intended use is described in below table: S. No.

Class

Intended Use

1

A

Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection

2

B

Outdoor bathing (organized)

3

C

Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfection

4

D

Propagation of wild life, fisheries

5

E

Irrigation, industrial cooling etc.

Table 3-21: Surface Water (River) Analysis Results S. No.

Parameters

Unit

1

pH

2

Total Dissolved Oxygen

Classification for Inland Surface Water6

Surface water Quality

A

B

C

D

E

SW1 - Churva River

pH Scale

6.5 to 8.5

6.5 to 8.5

6.0 to 9.0

6.5 to 8.5

6.5 to 8.5

8.1

mg/l

6.0

5.0

4.0

4.0

NS

4.4

3

Total Dissolved Solids

mg/l

500.0

NS

1,500

NS

2,100

22,194

4

Electrical Conductivity

μmohs/cm

NS

NS

NS

1,000

2,250

31,800

5

BOD

mg/l

2.0

3.0

3.0

NS

NS

105

6

Total Hardness

mg/l

300

NS

NS

NS

NS

1,660

7

Ca++ Hardness

mg/l

200

NS

NS

NS

NS

70

8

Mg++ Hardness

mg/l

100

NS

NS

NS

NS

1,590

9

Copper

mg/l

1.5

NS

1.5

NS

NS

0.04

10

Iron

mg/l

0.3

NS

50

NS

NS

0.25

11

Manganese

mg/l

0.5

NS

NS

NS

NS

<0.04

12

Chlorides(as CL)

mg/l

250

NS

600

NS

600

10,380

13

Sulphates

mg/l

400

NS

400

NS

1,000

1,849

14

Nitrate (as NO3)

mg/l

20

NS

50

NS

NS

22.35

15

Fluoride

mg/l

1.5

1.5

1.5

NS

NS

1.91

16

Phenolic Compound

mg/l

0.002

0.005

0.005

NS

NS

<0.001

17

Mercury

mg/l

0.001

NS

NS

NS

NS

<0.001

18

Cadmium

mg/l

0.01

NS

0.01

NS

NS

<0.003

19

Arsenic

mg/l

0.05

NA

0.2

NS

NS

<0.002

20

Cyanide

mg/l

0.05

0.05

0.05

NS

NS

<0.003

21

Lead

mg/l

0.1

NS

0.1

NS

NS

<0.01

22

Zinc

mg/l

15

NS

15

NS

NS

0.032

23

Chromium

mg/l

0.05

1

0.05

NS

NS

<0.003

24

Boron

mg/l

NS

NS

NS

NS

2

<0.02

25

Sodium Absorption Ratio

mg/gm

NS

NS

NS

NS

26

64.49

26

Total Coliform

MPN/100ml

50

500

5,000

NS

NS

22,000

1 6

IS 2296 – 1982 Inland Surface Water Standards

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Quality of Surface water (Pond) It is observed that:  

Mithirohar is worst polluted pond where total 11 parameters are more than acceptable limits, whereas Padana & Varsana ponds are the least polluted sources. Parameters such as turbidity, TDS, Chloride, Sulphate, Hardness, alkalinity, fluoride, total nitrogen and coliforms are above acceptable limits in major pond sources, there by requiring necessary treatment if utilized for drinking purposes.

Quality of Surface water (River) It is observed that: 

The quality of river water is saline in nature due to tidal impact in river and near to coastal area. The river water can be used for any purpose after suitable treatment.

Ground Water Results Ground water samples were collected from Eight (8) different locations within the study area as shown in Table 3-22, Map 3-2 & Photograph 3-5. Analysis results of collected samples are given in Table 3-23.

Table 3-22: Ground Water Sampling Locations Code

Location

Source

Date of Sampling

Distance from Site (in Km)

GW 1

Mithirohar

Borewell

11.06.2016

7.90

S

GW 2

Bhimasar

Borewell

11.06.2016

2.51

NW

GW 3

Ajapur

Openwell

11.06.2016

7.24

W

GW 4

Varsamedhi

Borewell

11.06.2016

9.20

SW

GW 5

Padana

Handpump

11.06.2016

2.92

S

GW 6

Nani Chirai

Borewell

11.06.2016

6.45

NE

GW 7

Modvadar

Openwell

11.06.2016

4.15

SW

GW 8

Pasuda

Handpump

11.06.2016

6.20

N

Direction w.r.t Site

Sampling Rational

To check ground water quality within study area

Photograph 3-5: Photographs of Ground Water Sampling

At Ajapur

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At Bhimasar

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

At Varsamedhi

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Table 3-23: Ground Water (Borewells) Analysis Results S. No.

Parameters

Unit

IS 10500:2012 Standard Limits for drinking water (2nd Revision)

Sampling Code & Location GW1

GW2

GW3

GW4

GW 5

GW 6

GW 7

GW 8

Acceptable limit

Mithirohar

Bhimasar

Ajapur

Varsamedhi

Padana

Nani Chirai

Modvadar

Pasuda

1

pH

pH scale

6.5 - 8.5

7.34

8.16

7.93

7.42

7.59

7.55

7.41

7.4

2

Temperature

°C

-

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

3

Turbidity

NTU

1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

<0.1

4

TDS

mg/lit

500

4,299

424

7,489

1,311

1,121

2,232

2,562

2,951

5

Electrical conductivity

µmho/cm

-

6,400

697

11,200

1,900

1,644

3,200

4,100

4,400

6

COD

mg/lit

-

<4

<4

<4

<4

<4

<4

<4

<4

7

BOD

mg/lit

-

<1

<1

<1

<1

<1

<1

<1

<1

8

Phenol

mg/lit

0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

9

Chlorides

mg/lit

250

1,596

106

3,095

376

77

829

868

1,167

10

Sulphates

mg/lit

200

567

33

618

174

502

300

530

281

11

Total Hardness

mg/lit

200

860

200

1,300

460

480

440

470

570

12

Ca++ Hardness

mg/lit

-

312

36

238

126

322

162

168

178

13

Mg++ Hardness

mg/lit

-

548

164

1,062

334

158

278

302

392

14

Total Alkalinity

mg/lit

200

110

270

230

120

160

150

120

120

15

Nitrate

mg/lit

45

48.9

14.9

36.6

8.1

28.7

36.3

60.7

41.8

16

Fluoride

mg/lit

1

1.1

0.8

1.5

<0.1

1.2

1.2

1.5

1.4

17

Sodium

mg/lit

-

641.3

49.1

1,152.3

74.5

228.7

405.9

419.7

512

18

Potassium

mg/lit

-

56.4

12.6

214.5

41.3

64.4

83.5

95.8

114.1

19

Calcium

mg/lit

75

125

14

95

51

129

65

67

71

20

Magnesium

mg/lit

30

133

40

258

81

38

68

73

95

21

Salinity

mg/lit

-

2,876

191

5,578

678

139

1,494

1,564

2,102

22

Total Nitrogen

mg/lit

-

11.2

3.36

8.4

1.68

6.16

8.4

13.44

9.52

23

Total Phosphorous

mg/lit

-

<1

2.6

0.32

<1

0.08

<1

<1

<1

24

Dissolved Oxygen

mg/lit

-

3.3

3.4

3.3

3.6

3.4

3.7

3.6

3.5

25

Ammonical Nitrogen

mg/lit

-

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

26

SAR

-

-

9.47

13

14

1.5

4.53

8.38

8.38

9

27

Heavy Metals a

Arsenic (as As)

mg/l

0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

b

Cadmium (as Cd)

mg/l

0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

c

Chromium (as Cr)

mg/l

0.05

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

d

Copper (as Cu)

mg/l

0.05

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

e

Cyanide (as CN)

mg/l

0.05

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

<0.003

f

Iron (as Fe)

mg/l

0.3

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

<0.05

g

Lead (as Pb)

mg/l

0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

h

Mercury (as Hg)

mg/l

0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

i

Manganese (as Mn)

mg/l

0.1

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

j

Nickel (as Ni)

mg/l

0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

k

Zinc (as Zn)

mg/l

5

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

<0.03

28

Total Coliform

MPN/100ml

Shall not be detectable in any 100 ml sample

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

29

Faecal Coliforms

MPN/100ml

-

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

Absent

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Quality of Ground Water As per data procured from Ground Water Investigation Unit 3, Rajkot, of Bhimasar village (Well No. SHP/189 having 12.90 m water level) dated 1st May, 2015, it is observed that ground water quality, as per IS 10500:2012 standard limits for drinking water, deviates for following parameters: 

pH (8.6), Total Hardness (550), Alkanity (250), TDS (12,430) & Chloride (6,840).

In the samples collected by Kadam, it is observed that ground water quality, as per IS 10500:2012 standard limits for drinking water, deviates for following parameters at different villages:         

TDS at Mithirohar (4,299), Ajapur (7,489), Varsamedhi (1,311), Padana (1,121), Nani Chirai (2,232), Modvadar (2,562) & Pasuda (2,951); Chlorides at Mithirohar (1,596), Ajapur (3,095), Varsamedhi (376), Nani Chirai (829), Modvadar (868) & Pasuda (1,167); Sulphates at Mithirohar (567), Ajapur (618), Padana (502), Nani Chirai (300), Modvadar (530) & Pasuda (281); Total Hardness at Mithirohar (860), Bhimasar (200), Ajapur (1,300), Varsamedhi (460), Padana (480), Nani Chirai (440), Modvadar (470) & Pasuda (570); Nitrate at Mithirohar (48.9), Modvadar (60.7); Fluoride at Mithirohar (1.1), Ajapur (1.5), Padana (1.2), Nani Chirai (1.2), Modvadar (1.5) & Pasuda (1.4); Calcium at Mithirohar (125), Ajapur (95), Padana (129); Magnesium at Mithirohar (133), Bhimasar (40), Ajapur (258), Varsamedhi (81), Padana (38), Nani Chirai (68), Modvadar (73) & Pasuda (95). All units in mg/l.

The observed higher concentration of TDS, Chloride & Sulphate is due to saline geological formations. Higher concentration of Total Hardness, Nitrate, Fluoride, Calcium and Magnesium is due to near proximity of sea (Gulf of Kutch). 3.5.8

Geology

This section describes environmental setting covering baseline conditions with respect to geology. Methodology The methodology adopted for the study of baseline environment started with desk study followed by secondary data collection. Secondary data like recent Google imageries, District Resource Map, information published by GSI studies were used to collect basic information on Geology, Hydrogeology, aquifers, identification of Topography and Structural features of site and surrounding area. A field visit was conducted to study site specific geological and hydrogeological conditions includes lithology, drainage patterns, water bodies, ground water condition and any possible impact to the environmental setting due to project. Geological Conditions A drilling machine was working in nearby area. It was noted that drilling was carried out upto depth of around ~150 m. The Core Bit used for the drilling was of Drag type and hence, it can be noted that KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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the clay contents as well as thin zones might have turned into drilling mud. Thus, the sample stacks showed only sand with various grain size formations. As per sedimentology principle, in the study area (coastal area), there are intermittent layers of sand and clay as well as admixture in various proportions. Topography The entire plot area is alluvial, with overall flat topography. An arrangement will be needed to channelize the run-off post levelling of the ground and construction. This being the coastal area, the slope is gentle towards sea i.e. SE. Drainage A primary drain originates and passes through the plot area flowing in South East direction. However, due to construction activities around it disappears. Hydro Geological Conditions The coastal belt formations are saline and hence it necessitate to have alternate source. Only the surface water storage away from Marine mudflats are suitable. As per CGWA Anjar Taluka falls under Saline Zone. Seismicity in the Study Area Seismicity Site falls under the seismic intensity Zone V7, which is classified as Very High Risk zone (Area liable to shaking Intensity IX (and above)). Thus, suitable seismic coefficients accordingly shall be adopted while designing the structures to make it earthquake resistant. The project will be founded in mudflats which is likely to behave akin to liquefaction when subjected to seismic wave. This point needs investigation in terms of its physical parameters and simulation. Earthquake zoning map of Gujarat is shown as Figure 3-3.

Figure 3-3: Earthquake zoning map of Gujarat

1 7

Seismic Map of Gujarat (Institute of Seismological Research, Govt. of Gujarat)

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Soil

The project area falls under North West Agro-climatic Zone (GJ-5) and Agro-ecological region-3.The annual average rain fall is 353 mm. The soils are black (53.8 %), sandy loam (41.6 %), hydromorphic (4.5 %). The soils belongs to the greater group Ustipsamments and in the sub group Typic Ustifluvents of order Entisols. The soils are having sandy to sandy loam texture, poor in organic carbon, available phosphorous, but rich in available potassium. The soils are saline (EC > 2 dS/m). The soil depth is > 100 cm, having high porosity and permeability, but water holding capacity is very low due to sandy loam texture of soils. The main source of irrigation is open wells (56.9 %) and bore wells (4.4 %) as well as estimated area under Narmada command would be 38.7 %. The cropping intensity of the area is 107%. However, in the project area availability of ground water is practically nil as ground waters are saline & alkaline, hence farmers use harvested rain water in ponds or rivers and grow cluster bean, moong, sorghum etc. The soils belongs to the greater group Ustipsamments and in the great group Ustifluvents of order Entisols. The area is having sandy to sandy loam texture, poor in organic carbon, available nutrients, saline, depth > 100 cm, having high porosity and permeability, but water holding capacity is very low. Soil Sampling Locations Soil samples were collected from Six (6) different locations within the study area as shown in Table 3-24, Map 3-2 & Photograph 3-6. Analysis results of collected samples are given in Table 3-26.

Table 3-24: Soil Sampling Locations Code

Location

Date of Sampling

Source

Distance from Project Site in Km

Direction w.r.t Project Site

ST1

At Site

12.06.16

Industrial

0

Core

ST2

Padana

11.06.16

Residential

~ 1.0

S

ST3

Modvadar

11.06.16

Residential

~ 4.5

SW

ST4

Bhimasar

11.06.16

Residential

~ 2.5

NW

ST5

Pashuda

12.06.16

Residential

~ 6.5

N

ST6

Varsana

12.06.16

Residential

~ 1.5

ENE

Justification

To check surface soil quality within study area.

Photograph 3-6: Photographs of Soil Sampling

At Site

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At Padana

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At Modvadar

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

At Bhimasar

Methodology Adopted for Soil Sampling Various parameters were monitored in soil. The detailed monitoring methodology for soil sampling is given in Table 3-25.

Table 3-25: Methodology for Analyzing Soil Samples Sampling Parameters

Sample Collection

Analytical Equipment

Methodology

Porosity

-

IS: 2720 Part 7

Water holding capacity

Keen Apparatus

HMSO, UK

Permeability

-

IS: 2720 Part 17

Moisture content

Electronic Balance

IS: 2720 Part 2

-

IS: 2720 Part 4

Glass wares

IS: 2720 Part 4

Centrifuge

IS: 2720 Part 24 (1976)

F. Photometer (Na, K), Titration ( Ca & Mg)

Calculation

pH Meter

4500 H+B

Conductivity Meter

As per IS 14767 2000

Calcium

Glass wares

3500 Ca B

Magnesium

Glass Wares

3500 Mg B

Sodium (Na)

F.Photometer

3500 Na B

Potassium

F.Photometer

3500 K B

Texture Particle size Distribution Cation Exchange Capacity SAR pH Electrical Conductivity

Manual sample collection using hammer and container tube for collecting undisturbed top soil.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Remarks

Trial pit method for topsoil sample collection; disturbed samples

5% Leachate to be made and analyzed as per APHA, “Standard Methods”. All method numbers are as per APHA “Standard Methods” (21st edition, 2005)

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Table 3-26: Soil Analysis Results Sampling Location S. No

Parameter

Unit

%

ST1

ST2

ST3

ST4

ST5

ST6

At Site

Padana

Modvadar

Bhimasar

Pashuda

Varsana

48

49

51

52

50

48

1

Porosity

2

Water Holding Capacity

%

32

36.00

46.00

49.00

38.00

26

3

Permeability

mm/hr.

30.4

26.5

21.8

20.8

25.2

32.3

4

Particle Size Distribution a

Sand

%

76

71.00

63

55

71

77

b

Silt

%

13

15.00

25

29

19

6

c

Clay

%

11

14.00

12

16

10

17

5

Texture

-

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

Sandy Loam

6

Cation Exchange Capacity

meq/100 gm

27.20

25.00

22.50

27.00

24.50

22.20

7

Electrical Conductivity

μmhos/ cm

110

130

96

156

154

80

8

SAR

-

1.15

1.56

1.07

1.11

1.2

0.84

9

Exchangeable Sodium

%

0.43

1.03

0.31

0.38

0.51

<0.1

10

pH

-

7.61

8.21

8.11

7.81

7.74

7.9

11

Calcium

gm/kg

0.26

0.29

0.32

0.32

0.22

0.19

12

Magnesium

gm/kg

0.38

0.31

0.19

0.44

0.45

0.22

13

Sodium

gm/kg

0.56

0.72

0.44

0.59

0.61

0.33

14

Potassium

gm/kg

0.27

0.22

0.18

0.24

0.26

0.15

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Soil Quality Results It is observed that at different locations:     

The porosity ranged from 48 to 52% and WHC varied from 26 to 49 %; The soil permeability was ranged from 20.8 to 32.3 mm/hr, however soil texture in all the soil samples was sandy loam; The EC of soil ranged from 80 to 156 μmhos/cm which indicates soil is saline in nature; The pH of soil ranged from 7.6 to 8.2, which indicates that soils are neutral to slightly alkaline; Among water soluble cations predominance of sodium was seen followed by Mg, Ca and K.

The overall soil quality indicates that soils are normal, which is not under cultivation since long and whatever salts were there are washed off or leached down due to rain water over the years. However, due to predominance of sodium cation due care needs to be taken to apply gypsum if soil PH exceeds 8.5 in a sandy loam soil. For successful raising of landscape/greenbelt, application of liberal quantity of organic manure (> 50 tons/ha), double the recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus as well as recommended dose of potassium need to be applied. 3.5.10

Ecology & Biodiversity

This section represents existing biodiversity status of the project site (core zone) and its surrounding environ of the project study area (buffer zone of 10 km. radius). Methodology Adopted for Ecology & Biodiversity Study A field visit was conducted on 11th July 2016 to:  

  

Inventororize floral and faunal components of project area (project site / core zone and buffer zone). Locate / demarcate and understand ecological setting of the project area in terms of national parks / wildlife sanctuary / reserve forests / tiger reserve / Eco-sensitive Areas / wetlands etc. within 10 km. radius from project site (if any). Identify schedule-I, rare, endemic and endangered species within the project study area and prepare conservation plan for same. Identify impact zone and evaluate the likely impact of the proposed project on flora, fauna and ecological setting of the project study area. Prepare green belt development plan / conservation plan to mitigate likely impacts and to conserve ecology and biodiversity.

Ecological Sensitivity / Habitats of the Study Area (During Field Visit) Survey was carried out in and around the project environs to gain basic understanding about the existing ecosystem types, and to identify the presence of ecologically sensitive areas, if any. This exercise facilitates to identify the sampling locations and numbers based on availability of extent and different habitat types. The study area was mostly covered with the typical vegetation of mudflats with mangroves and semi aquatic species. The most important vegetation of the field is large patch of mangroves Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata. In addition, mud flats have herbaceous vegetation typical of saline soils. Common plants like Acacia nilotica and other thorny plants were noted.

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Entire coastal ecosystem is the habitat of different types of water birds. These water birds were also observed in one stream passing near the project site which is around 550 meters in WSW direction from project boundary. Nearest huge water body is identified as Pond of Bhimasar village which is habitat of migratory and local avifauna. Water birds that were recorded in the study area during survey are tabulated in Table 3-27.

Table 3-27: Water Birds Recorded in the Nearest Water Bodies S. No.

New Common Name

Scientific Name

IWPA-1972 Schedule

Count

1

Coot

Fulica sp.

Schedule IV

More than 100

3

Flamingo

Phoenicopterus sp.

Schedule IV

12

4

Cormorant

Phalacrocorax sp.

Schedule IV

More than 100

5

Painted Stork

Mycteria leucocephala

Schedule IV

2

6

Black Headed Ibis

Threskiornis melanocephalus

Schedule IV

12

7

Sandpiper

Actitis hypoleucos

Schedule IV

26

8

White stork

Ciconia ciconia

Schedule IV

18

Mangroves The most important vegetation of the field is large patch of mangroves Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata. Nearest patch of mangrove from the project site boundary falls at a distance of 7.0 km towards SE direction. The highest length of mangroves was about 4 ft.

Mudflat Nearest distance of mudflats from the project site boundary is 6 km. towards South East direction.

National Park/Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserve There is no notified/protected ecologically sensitive area including national park, sanctuary, Elephant/Tiger reserves existing in the study area.

Secondary Literature Review Since the proposed project surrounding environ (buffer zone) encompasses various industries, some studies have been conducted to carryout EIA projects. Secondary information on ecology and biodiversity aspect has been used from following two reports made by Kadam. However, efforts have been made to verify same in the field and interaction with local people. 1. Environmental Impact Assessment Report for “Proposed installation of 2,42,182 KL capacity Isolated liquid storage terminal by M/s. Ahir Salt and Allied Products Pvt. Ltd.” 2. Environmental Impact Assessment of “Jalkhau Salt Jetty”.

Field Data Collection / Inventory Terrestrial Ecology Since project site falls in the industrial area and no natural vegetation exists at site, efforts have been made to enlist existing species. Similarly, the buffer zone is mainly dominated with mud flats/ saltpans/ coastal areas / fallow land and study area is dominated by an invasive species Prosopis

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juliflora (monoculture) which does not require quantification. So, secondary data from various EIA reports have been extracted and verified through ground surveys.

Aquatic Ecology Secondary data extracted from above said reports have been used to understand status of the marine environment of project study area.

Threat Assessment Criteria Indian wild Life Protection Act, 1972, ENVIS Database, IUCN Database, Red Data Book etc. Terrestrial Ecosystem

Flora Core Zone / Project Site Project site was reported with three common species of flora / plants; taxonomic account is given in Table 3-28.

Table 3-28: Floral Species Reported from the Proposed Project Site / Core Zone S. No.

Habit

Species Name

Local Name

Family

1

Shrub

Argemone Mexicana

Darudi

Papaveraceae

2

Shrub

Cassia sp.

-

Cassinae

2

Shrub

Prosopis chilensis

Gando Baval

Mimosaceae

Photographs showing project site is given in Photograph 3-7.

Photograph 3-7: Photographs Showing Core Zone /Project Site

Project site having shrubs

Buffer Zone Buffer zone has been reported 34 floral species, which includes 22 species of trees, 4 species of Shrubs, 6 species of grasses and 2 species of mangroves. Taxonomic account for all life forms is tabulated in Table 3-29.

Table 3-29: Flora Reported from Buffer Zone of the Study Area

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Local Name

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Status

TREES AND SHRUBS 1

Tamarindus indica

Amli

C

2

Cassia auriculata

Aval

C

3

Acacia nilotica

Baval

C

4

Zizyphus sp.

Bor

C

5

Acacia planifrons

Chatri Baval

C

6

Prosopis juliflora

Gando Baval

7

Cordia dichotoma

Gundi

C

8

Balanites aegyptica

Ingori

C

9

Euphorbia nivulia

Kanthoro Thor

C

10

Capparis aphylla

Kerdo

11

Prosopis cineraria

Khijado

C

12

Azadirachta indica

Limdo

C

13

Calotropis gigantia

Moto Akdo

C

14

Moringa oleifera

Sargawo

C

15

Ficus benghalensis

Vad

C

16

Sygygium cumunii

Jambu

C

17

Cassia fistula

Garmalo

C

18

Cocos nucifera

Coconut

C

19

Phoenix species

Palm

C

20

Nerium indicum

Karen

C

21

Delonix regia

Gulmohar

C

22

Ficus sp.

-

C

CLIMBER 1

Bongainvillea spectabilis

Bougainvel

C

2

Cuscuta reflexa

Amarvel

C

3

Tinospora cordifolia

Galo

C

4

Celastrus paniculata

Malkankan

C

GRASSES 1

Sorghum halepense

Baru

C

2

Cynodon dactylon

Daro

C

3

Cymbopogon jwarancusa

Gandharu

C

4

Dichanthium annulatum

Jinjavo

C

5

Apluda mutica

Bhangoru

C

6

Themeda cymbaria

Ratad

C

MANGROVES 1

Avicennia marina

Cher

C

2

Rhizophora mucronata

Karod

C

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Core Zone / Project site No herpetofauna reported from the project site.

Buffer Zone Overall 3 herpetofaunal species have been reported from the buffer zone as tabulated in Table 3-30.

Table 3-30: Herpetofauna Reported from Buffer Zone S. No.

Family

Common Name

Scientific Name

IWPA-1972 & IUCN

Status

1

Colubridae

Rat Snake

Ptyas mucosus

II

-

2

Colubridae

Common Worm Snake

Typhlina brathina

LC

-

3

Varanidae

Sand Boa

Eryx johni

LC

-

Avifauna Core Zone Only 4 common species of birds were reported from the project site (flying across site) as tabulated in Table 3-31.

Table 3-31: Avifauna Reported from Core Zone / Project Site S. No.

Family

New Common Name

Scientific Name

IWPA-1972 Schedule

1

Ardeidae

Cattle Egret

Bubulcus ibis

Schedule-IV, LC

2

Sylviidae

Common Babbler

Turdoides caudatus

Schedule-IV, LC

3

Corvidae

House Crow

Corvus splendens

Schedule-IV, LC

4

Pycnonotidae

Red-vented Bulbul

Pycnonotus cafer

Schedule-IV, LC

Buffer Zone Overall 59 species of birds from 24 families have been reported from the buffer zone area as shown in Table 3-32 & Photograph 3-8.

Table 3-32: Birds Reported from Buffer Zone S. No.

New Common Name

Scientific Name

IWPA-1972 Schedule

1

Avocet

Recurvirsotra avosetta

Schedule-IV, LC

2

Black Ibis

Pseudibis papillosa

Schedule-IV, LC

3

Black Winged Stilt

Himantopus himantopus

Schedule-IV, LC

4

Blue Jay

Coracias benghalensis

Schedule-IV, LC

5

Blue Rock Pigeon

Columba livia

Schedule-IV, LC

6

Brown Dove

Streptopelia senegalensis

Schedule-IV, LC

7

Indian Robin

Erithacus brunneus

Schedule-IV, LC

8

Red Vented Bulbul

Pycnonotus Cafer

Schedule-Iv, Lc

9

Comb Duck

Sarkidiomis melanotos

Schedule-IV, LC

10

Common Babbler

Tudoides caudatus

Schedule-IV, LC

11

Common Myna

Acridotheres tristis

Schedule-IV, LC

12

Pariah Kite

Milvus migrons

Schedule-IV, LC

13

Common Peafowl

Pavo cristatus

Schedule-IV, LC

14

Indian Sand grouse

Pterodes exustus

Schedule-IV, LC

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S. No.

New Common Name

Scientific Name

IWPA-1972 Schedule

15

Erosion Curlew

Numenius arguata

Schedule-IV, LC

16

Large Egret

Egretta alba

Schedule-IV, LC

17

Singing Bush Lark

Mirafra javanica

Schedule-IV, LC

18

Great Indian Bustard

Otis tarda

Schedule-IV, LC

19

Green Bee eater

Merops orientalis

Schedule-IV, LC

20

Grey patridge

Francolinus pondicerianus

Schedule-IV, LC

21

Grey Quail

Coturnix coturnix

Schedule-IV, LC

22

Grey Shrike

Lanius excubitor

Schedule-IV, LC

23

Common Black headed Gull

Larus ridibundus

Schedule-I, LC

24

Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax

Schedule-IV, LC

25

House crow

Cprvus splenndens

Schedule-V, LC

26

Indian wren warbler

Prinia subflava

Schedule-IV, LC

27

Indian small lark

Alauda gulgula

Schedule-IV, LC

28

Jungle Babbler

Turdoides straitus

Schedule-IV, LC

29

Jungle crow

Corvus macrohynchos

Schedule-IV, LC

30

Kingfisher

Halcyon smyrensis

Schedule-IV, LC

31

Ring Dove

Streptopelia decaocto

Schedule-IV, LC

32

Rose ringed parakeet

Psittacula krameri

Schedule-IV, LC

33

Sandpiper

Actitis hypoleucos

Schedule-IV, LC

34

Shikra

Accipiter badius

NT

35

House Sparrow

Passer domasticus

Schedule-V, LC

36

Spot billed duck

Anas poecilorhynchs

Schedule-IV, LC

37

House Swift

Apus affinis

Schedule-IV, LC

38

Tailor Bird

Orthotomus sutorius

Schedule-IV, LC

39

White Ibis

Threskiomis melanocephalus

Schedule-IV, LC

40

White Checked Bulbul

Pycnonotus leucogenys

Schedule-IV, LC

41

Brahminy Kite

Haliastur Indus

Schedule-IV, LC

42

Pied Crested Cucukoo

Clamatur jacoinus

Schedule-IV, LC

43

Common Pochard

Aythya ferina

Schedule-IV, LC

44

Common Snipe

Gallinago gallinago

Schedule-I, LC

45

Common Teal

Anas crecca

Schedule-IV, LC

46

Coot

Fulica atra

Schedule-IV, LC

47

Cormorant

Phalacrocorax niger

Schedule-IV, LC

48

Darter

Anhinga rufa

Schedule-IV, LC

Source: District Forest Department of Kuchchh & Bhuj & Field Survey by KEC Team Members. I, II, III, IV & V are Scheduled of Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. R: Residential and M: Migrant LC: Least Concern, EN: Endangered, NT: Near Threatened, VU: Vulnerable are the status assigned by IUCN.

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Photograph 3-8: Avifauna Sighted from the Buffer Zone

Cormorant

Cormorant & Coot

Mammals Core Zone No direct or indirect evidences of mammals were reported from the site.

Buffer Zone Totally 4 species from 4 families have been enlisted from buffer zone of the project area as shown in Table 3-33.

Table 3-33: Mammals Reported from the Buffer Zone S. No.

Family

Common Name

Scientific name

IWPA-1972 & IUCN

1

Eupleridae

Mongoose

Herpestes edwardsi

II

2

Felidae

Jungle Cat

Fellis chaus

LC

3

Bovidae

Nilgai

Besolaphus tragocamelous

III

4

Canidae

Indian Fox

Vulpes bengalenses

II

Agriculture and Horticulture Aeranda (Ricinus communis), Cotton (Gossypium sp.), Bajri (Pennisetum sp.), Juvar (Sorgum sp.) and Makai (Zea mays) are main agricultural crop in the study area There is no much activity of horticulture were observed in the study area. Only khajur (Phenix sp.) plantation were recorded in the study area. Aquatic Ecosystem Status of fishery, mangroves and phytoplankton & zooplanktons of the study area buffer zone is described further.

Fishery Gulf of Kutch is a very important eco-region of Gujarat. Port of Kandla located on the northwestern coast of India. Bombay duck is prevalent in marine fisheries and breed in the mangroves area. Mudskippers are important in fisheries along the mudflats. White Pomfret and Ribbon fish are commercially important fishes.

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Marine fishery diversity in study area is tabulated in Table 3-34.

Table 3-34: Marine Fish Diversity Sr. No.

Name Of Fish

Scientific name

1

White Pomfret

Pampus argenteus

2

Bombay Duck

Harpadon nehereous

3

Threadfin Fish

Nemipteres sp.

4

Jew Fish

Nibea Squamosa

5

Other Clupieds

Clupiedae family

6

Coilia

Coilia dussumeri

7

Sharks

Charcharias sp.

8

Mullets

Mugil cephalus

9

Cat Fish

Siluriformis Order

10

Seer Fish

Scomberomorus gattatus

11

Ribbon Fish

Lepturacanthus sp.

12

Silver Bas

Morone sp.

13

Small Scieniedaes

Scienidae Family

14

Shrimps

Parapeneous sp.

15

Prawns (Medium)

Penaeus sp.

16

Crabs

Callinectus sp.

17

Miscellaneous

-

Source: State Forest Department

Mangroves Mangroves density in the western part (downstream) of the bet was comparatively higher than the eastern (upstream) part due to the more conductive environmental conditions like salinity regime, topography and lesser human activity. Density in the middle of the bet was also lower. It could be concluded that structural status of Avicennia marina in the western part was found to be healthier and showed significance difference with the eastern part. Photographs showing mangroves in the study area are provided in Photograph 3-9.

Photograph 3-9: Photographs Showing Mangroves in study area Areas

Creak near Varsana Village

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Status of Threatened and Endemic Biodiversity Among floral species noted / identified, no floral species is enlisted in the Red Data book (threatened species). For faunal species, threat status as per IWPA-1972 and IUCN has been given in respective tables. Reported birds includes Schedule-I species i.e. Peacock. Among recorded faunal species, none of the species can be designated as an endemic8. Conservation plan for Peacock overall biodiversity of the project area is prepared and provided in Chapter 10, Section 10.3.4. 3.5.11

Socio-Economics

The main objectives of the socio economic need assessment study was: 

To provide an accurate representation of the social, cultural and economic conditions of the population surrounding the project site; To identify the potential socio-economic positive and negative impacts during the construction, operations and decommissioning phase of the proposed project; To develop sustainable mitigation measures to enhance positive impacts and reduce or avoid negative impacts; To develop proper monitoring and evaluation system with accountability to be implemented; To identify the CSR benefits for the target population.

   

Methodology Adopted for Social-Economic Survey The approach of conducting baseline survey / Need Based Assessment is to bring views of the people as to find out what are the issues faced; what is their understanding of development; which are the areas that need to be worked upon based on needs of the communities so as to implement sustainable CSR interventions. The study area is defined as an area lying within aerial distance of 10 km from the project area boundaries. The core area as part of social survey has been defined as 0-3 Km from the proposed project site. This has been done using professional judgment considering the realistic impact zone of the project. Socio-economic fieldwork comprises of undertaking a structured household survey format focusing on population, household composition, education levels, general health status, livelihood strategies, employment, income level, and holding focus group discussions considering the origins and movements of the local population and social concerns/issues in relation to the proposed project. The buffer zone villages are selected by random sampling method. In the selected villages, focused group discussions, consultation with people of various cross section of the society like teachers, fishermen etc. and meeting with Village Panchayat representative are conducted. The procedural approach (methodology) are given in Table 3-35.

Table 3-35: Approach and Methodology for Conducting the SE Study

1 8Venkataraman, K., Chattopadhyay, A. and Subramanian, K.A. (Editors). 2013. Endemic Animals of India (Vertebrates):1–235+26 Plates. (Published by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata)

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Area S. No.

Aim / Objective

Study Area

Core Area Only

Methodology

1

To Identify and Assess

1.1.

Social status of society in the core and buffer zones. To do this it is required to get reliable information with regards to:

1.1.1

People residing in the core and buffer zones along with key demographic figures as per the secondary data (mainly Census of India) giving information on: population, literacy, gender and occupation

1.1.2

Main sub-communities dwelling in the core zone by caste and religion

√

From interviews with PRI representatives

1.1.3

People who are vulnerable classes such as: Below Poverty Line (BPL), Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST)

√

From interviews with PRI representatives and census

1.2

Economic status of society in the core / buffer zone. To do this it is required to get reliable information with regards to:

1.2.1

Occupational pattern from secondary data (mainly Census of India) giving information on: main workers / marginal workers / non-working population

1.2.2

Sources of revenue available to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)

√

From interviews with PRI representatives

1.2.3

Economic well-being of different classes by gaining an understanding of: prevailing daily wage rates for labor (male / female), status of land holding across different classes / landless households, major crops and farmer support, livestock and animal husbandry

√

From interviews with PRI representatives

1.3

Status of physical and social infrastructure within the core and buffer areas. To do this, it is required to get reliable information with regards to

1.3.1

Physical infrastructure - reliable information on availability and adequacy with respect to: educational facilities, road infrastructure, power, water for drinking and irrigation, sanitation, garbage / MSW, banking facilities

1.3.2

Social infrastructure – reliable information on availability and adequacy with respect to infrastructure associated with: sports, community events and community selfhelp / support group

1.3.3

Cultural heritage of the area

1.4

Effects of

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Secondary data collection and collation from Census of India

√

Secondary data collection and collation from Census of India

√

-

From interviews with PRI representatives

√

√

√

From interviews with PRI representatives From published literature and site visits -

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Area S. No.

Aim / Objective

1.4.1

Ongoing impacts of other developments in the vicinity of the subject development on people and their lifestyle within the core impact zones, as determined by the EIAC in interaction with FAE (WP / AP&AQ / SHW / RH & NV)

√

From focus group discussions

1.4.2

Likely impacts of proposed operations (if a greenfield project) on people and their lifestyle within the core impact zones mentioned above

√

From focus group discussions

2.0

To Determine

2.1

Needs of different communities based on the work done in identification and assessment mentioned above

3.0

To Propose

3.1

A Social Management Plan with budgets, timelines and actionable items to achieve the expected outcomes

Study Area

Core Area Only

Methodology

From data analysis, internal / client discussions

√

From data analysis, internal / client discussions

√

Primary Field Survey The field visit was done by the social experts from 25th to 28th July, 2016 in order to find out the needs in the communities and thereby develop a sustainable CSR/Social Development approach which can be replicated into meaningful interventions in the surrounding areas of the proposed site. Social Profile

Population Distribution The study area is divided into two parts namely core and buffer for socio-economic study purpose. In the core zone (i.e. 0-3 Km) there exits 3 Villages/Hamlets/Habitation while rest in buffer zone where 14 Villages exists as shown in Table 3-36.

Table 3-36: Demographic Status of the Study Area S. No.

District

Taluka

Distance

Habitation

Household

Population

1

Kachchh

Anjar

0 - 3 kms

Varsana

257

1,176

2

Kachchh

Gandhidham

0 - 3 kms

Padana

432

2,059

3

Kachchh

Anjar

0 - 3 kms

Bhimasar

1,765

9,413

2,454

12,648

Sub Total 4

Kachchh

Anjar

3 - 5 kms

Modvadar

379

1,552

5

Kachchh

Gandhidham

3 - 5 kms

Chudva

422

1,734

6

Kachchh

Anjar

3 - 5 kms

Nandgam

-

-

801

3,286

Sub Total 7

Kachchh

Gandhidham

5 - 7 kms

Mithi Rohar

2,757

13,712

8

Kachchh

Anjar

5 - 7 kms

Gopalnagar

-

-

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S. No.

District

Taluka

Distance

Habitation

Household

Population

9

Kachchh

Bhachau

5 - 7 kms

Chirai Nani

2,054

7,711

10

Kachchh

Anjar

5 - 7 kms

Pashuda

171

717

4,982

22,140

Sub Total 11

Kachchh

Anjar

7-10 kms

Golpadar

-

-

12

Kachchh

Anjar

7-10 kms

Varsamedhi

2,826

10,654

15

Kachchh

Anjar

7-10 kms

Ajapar

216

1,040

16

Kachchh

Anjar

7-10 kms

Tapar

874

3,823

17

Kachchh

Bhachau

7-10 kms

Chirai Moti

940

3,953

Sub Total

4,856

19,470

Grand Total

13,093

57,544

Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011 Sex Ratio Details Table 3-37 reveals out of the total population, male are 31,458 (54.66%) and female population is 26,086 (45.33%) and the sex ratio is 829 females per 1,000 males in the study area.

Table 3-37: Population and Sex Ratio Distance

Male

Female

Sex Ratio (per 1,000 male)

0-3 kms

6,621

6,027

910

3 - 5 kms

1,793

1,493

833

5 - 7 kms

11,828

10,312

872

7 - 10 kms

11,216

8,254

736

Total

31,458

26,086

829

Source: Primary Census Abstract, 2011 Social Characteristics Kutch, located on the western-most tip of India, is the largest district in India. The district has 10 talukas, of which the major ones are Bhuj (district headquarter), Anjar, Mandvi, Mundra and Gandhidham. The entire district is inhabited by various groups and communities. Many of these have reached this region after centuries of migration from neighboring regions of Marwar, Sindh, Afghanistan. Gandhidham is a Taluka in the Kachchh District of Gujarat state of India. The town was created in the early 1950s for the resettlement of the refugees from Sindh of Pakistan in the aftermath of the partition of India. In recent history Gandhidham is a fast developing city in Gujarat state. Even today, one can find various nomadic, semi nomadic and artisan groups living in Kutch. The study area is predominantly Hindu. The various caste of people residing in the study area are Ahir, Rabari, Patels, Harijan, etc. The area is also partly dominated by Muslims. SC/ST population in the study area has been shown in Table 3-38.

Table 3-38: SC/ST Population in Study Area Distance 0 - 3 kms

% SC

% ST

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

7.93

54.14

45.86

1.59

53.73

46.27

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Distance

% SC

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT % ST

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

3 - 5 kms

16.34

52.70

47.30

2.40

72.15

27.85

5 - 7 kms

8.19

52.37

47.63

1.20

56.02

43.98

7 - 10 kms

6.27

55.33

44.67

1.54

55.00

45.00

Total

7.95

53.59

46.41

1.47

56.62

43.38

Source: Primary Census Abstract, 2011 As per census 2011 average scheduled caste population in Study area is 7.95 % of the total population. Out of the total SC population, males are 53.59% and female population is 46.41%. In case of scheduled tribe the population 1.47% of the total population. Out of the total ST population, male are 56.62% and female population is 43.38%.

Literacy Rate in Study Area The statistics regarding the literacy rate in the study area are given in Table 3-39.

Table 3-39: Literacy Rate in Study Area Distance

Literacy Rate (%) Total

Male

Female

0 - 3 kms

45.25

64.58

35.42

3 - 5 kms

47.72

65.43

34.57

5 - 7 kms

44.23

65.59

34.41

7 - 10 kms

58.21

66.93

33.07

Total

49.38

65.91

34.09

Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011 It is calculated that average literacy rate of the study area in 2011 is 49.38%. Out of total Literate population male literacy is 65.91% and female literacy is 34.09% of total population. Approximately, 50.62% Population is illiterate in the study area.

Educational Facility Anganwadis and Primary schools are present in all the villages of the study area but for further studies the students have to travel to nearby town/cities. Gandhidham city has several schools providing high school education. The first English Medium School in the city is Modern School. The Schools in the area include D.A.V. Public School,"Bachpan Pre-School", P.N. Amersey High School, Small Wonder School, Delhi Public School, Ananda Marga Primary school in Sector-7 and Ananda Marga High School in DC-2, Rambaug road (English Medium),the other schools are Mount Carmel High School, Kakubhai Parikh School (K.P.S), Saint Xaviers at Adipur, Kendriya Vidyalaya at IFFCO colony, Kendriya Vidyalaya at Railway colony, Aum Vidiya Mandir at IFFCO colony, Sadhu Vaswani International School and Amarchand Singhvi School and "Hindi Medium" Schools are Dr. C.G. High School and Adarsh Mahavidhyalaya situated in the heart of the city. The colleges for graduation and higher studies are Tolani college of Science & Arts, Tolani commerce college, Pharmacy college and Diploma in Engineering, Management Institute situated nearby in Adipur. Educational Facilities in the study area is shown in Photograph 3-10.

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Photograph 3-10: Educational Facilities in the Study Area

Shree United Salt Prathmik Shaala

Arjun Vidalaya, Bhimasar

In the study area it was observed that the each village has school up to primary level. For further education students have to travel to nearby town like Anjar, Bachau, Mundra and Gandhidham. The basic infrastructure of school is in fair condition. The quality of education and teachers are good especially in Bhimasar Village. The education facilities that are prevailing in the study area are shown in Table 3-40.

Table 3-40: Education Facility

Core Zone (0-3 Km) Buffer Zone (3-10 Km) Total

Senior Secondary School College

Secondary School

Middle School

Primary School

Pre- Primary School

Private

Senior Secondary School College

Secondary School

Middle School

Primary School

Pre- Primary School

Distance

Government

-

5

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

17

-

1

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

-

22

-

2

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

-

Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011 The above data indicates that almost all the villages are having education institution up to primary level, whereas the education institution from middle school to college level is absent.

Medical & Health Facilities The average Life Expectancy of the people in Gandhidham Taluka is 70-80 years. The morbidity rate is low and people don’t fall sick quite often. The most common disease spread in the entire study area is Malaria affecting a large number of people. Some other diseases predominantly found in the area are Cancer, Skin Diseases, Typhoid and Problem of Stones in stomach/ kidney, etc. Most of the households in the study area lack proper sanitation facilities. Only few houses in the villages have privately constructed toilet blocks. Others do not have such facility. There is a dearth of a collective toilet blocks (Sulabh Shauchalaya) in the villages which causes a threat to the hygiene conditions of the people.

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Table 3-41: Medical Facility Primary Primary Heallth Sub Health Centre Centre

Distance

Maternity And Non-Government Mobile Child Welfare Medical facilities Health Clinic Centre Out Patient

Core Zone (0-3 Km)

1

1

1

1

2

Buffer Zone (3-10 Km)

-

4

2

1

1

Total

1

5

3

2

3

Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011 There is absence of Community Health Centre, TB Clinic, Allopathic Hospital, Dispensary, Veterinary Hospital and Family Welfare Centre in the study area village according to census data 2011. To avail the better medical facility they have to visit Gandhidham or Ahmedabad for better medical services. The medical facilities available in the study area are shown in Table 3-41. Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) and Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) are present in all the villages and work actively for Women and Child development. While the Anganwadi Workers work in the areas of pre-natal and neonatal care, immunization and vaccination of children up to 6 years, and implementing the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS); the Accredited Social Health Activists work specifically in the areas of female health, maternal mortality and promotion of institutional deliveries, encouraging for “family planning”, improving village sanitation, maintaining demographic records of the village etc.

Drinking Water Facilities Most of the villages are provided with water through the Private Water Tankers. These tankers are brought from Anjar or Bhuj. Most of the villages are connected with Narmada Canal water for drinking purpose in the study area.

Table 3-42: Source of Drinking Water Distance

Tap WaterTreated

Tap Water Untreated

Covered Well

Uncovered Well

Tube Wells /Borehole

Others

0 - 3 kms

×



×

×



×

3 - 5 kms

×



×

×



×

5 - 7 kms





×

×





7 - 10 kms

×











Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011 The statistics regarding the drinking water facilities are given in above table. The main source of drinking water are tube well /Bore well, Open Wells, Panchayat’ s Overhead Water tank, ponds etc.

Infrastructure and Accessibility of Roads and Means of Transportation National Highway 6 connects Kutch with Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Rajkot and Surat. Bhuj is connected with Kandla by a National Highway 50 via Anjar. Road connectivity is shown in Photograph 3-11.

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Photograph 3-11: Road Connectivity near Site

Road Connectivity near Project Site

Mumbai is connected with Bhuj by 5 broad gauge stations. Mundra and Kandla ports are linked by broad gauge rail to the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor. Bhuj-Gandhidham-Kandla-Ahmedabad broad gauge line provide direct connectivity from Kutch to other parts of country. Bhuj has the only operational airport in Kutch. Kandla, Mandvi, Mundra air strips are under development Mundra Port Project has just established the longest non - government railway line, between Adipur and Mundra, covering a distance of 57 km. This port is connected to Gandhidham by National Highway and a broad gauge railway line. Other ports in the district include Kandla and Mandvi. The project site is well connected by 4-lane internal road network, street lights, plantations, water supply and power supply distribution network, CC storm water drainage system.

Power Supply in Study Area The Government Power supply (PGVCL) is easily available to all the houses of all the villages of the study area. The district also owns Lignite Power Stations. It also has 42 sub stations installed with a capacity of 215 Mega Watt (MW). Wind power has a great potential in the district. Few wind power projects proposed in Kutch are:  

250 MW project by NEG Micon; 500 MW project by Suzlon Energy (to manufacture tubular tower in the region).

Means of Communication The changing trends in technology have massively affected the people in the study area. The most important means of communication is mobile phones which are possessed by most of the individuals in the locality. It has become an obsession among the youth and a necessity for the working class. All other means of communication seem to have become extinct after the advent of mobile technology.

Banking Facilities There are branches of many nationalized banks like State Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Dena Bank etc. present in the study area which is an advantage to the people. Other players in the banking service with their facilities in the study area are ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, HDFC, etc. Easily accessible

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Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) of these banks are also located here which benefits the locals and outsiders too. Post offices and Bank facilities in study area are shown in Photograph 3-12.

Photograph 3-12: Post Offices and Bank Facilities in Study Area

Post Office at Bhimasar Village

Banking Facilities at Study Area

Economic Profile

Agriculture Major Crops being produced in the study area are Oil seed, Bajra, Jowar, Cotton, Pulses, Date Palms and Egg-Plant. Among various Oilseeds groundnut, castor seeds, rape and mustard seeds are the most important crops. Kutch is an important producer of psyllium (Isabgul), cumin and coriander. Agriculture is mostly carried out by the water from open wells, bore wells and rainwater. The main market for selling the crops is Anjar.

Animal Husbandry & Poultry Livestock rearing profession is also followed in some parts of the study area. Most of the animals tamed by them are cows, buffaloes, goats, bullock etc. Even the poultry profession is also followed a few places. Animal Husbandry in the study area in study area are shown in Photograph 3-13.

Photograph 3-13: Animal Husbandry in the Study Area

Animal Husbandry in the study area

Employment Generation People residing in the study area mostly depend on the various factories for their livelihood. Many people of the study area are employed into private sector firms established in the vicinity of their KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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residence. They work mostly at the shop floor level where actual manpower is required. Some

people also work as daily wage laborers into skilled and unskilled sectors. The statistics regarding the Occupational Pattern in the study area are given in Table 3-43.

Table 3-43: Occupation Patterns % Occupational Status (2011) Distance

Total Working Population

Cultivators

Agricultural Labor

Household Workers

Others

Marginal Workers

0 - 3 kms

35.82

27.23

32.11

0.46

22.16

18.03

3 - 5 kms

39.53

3.70

4.93

2.85

78.98

9.55

5 - 7 kms

32.91

5.79

5.30

1.58

83.91

3.42

7 - 10 kms

40.42

6.12

4.97

0.57

83.72

4.61

Total

36.47

10.42

10.94

1.04

70.20

7.40

Source: Primary Census Abstract 2011 There are 7.40% marginal workers and 10.42 % cultivators. The agricultural labours in the study area are 10.94% with 1.04%. During survey it could be revealed that there ample number of job opportunities for the village youth. Most of them are engaged in the nearby industries through permanent jobs or contractual labourers. The fishing occupation is also carried out in few selected villages like Mithi Rohar etc.

Industries/Factories During field survey it is observed that many of the villages/habitation of the core zone has been lies around the existing plant of KCIL. The other industries in the purview of the existing plants are Cargil Foods Ltd, Maple India Ltd, Lakme Uniliver Ltd, Indian Steel (Ruchi Group), JMD Oil, Ratnamani Tubes etc. Kutch has re-emerged from the ruins of one of the most disastrous earthquakes in the history that took place in January 2001 and today has become a major industrial hub. Over 60% of total salt production is contributed by the district. The district also has large reserves of limestone, bauxite, lignite and bentonite, and is one of the preferred destinations for most of the mineral based industries. It boasts of being the world’s largest manufacturer of Submerged Arc Welded (SAW) pipes. A good number of medium /large scale industries are supported by a sizeable number of small scale industries. Due to presence of two important ports, Kandla and Mundra, the district accounts for a very high cargo movement. Kutch is also known for handicrafts. Out of total 136 industrial cooperative societies, 71 belong to handicrafts. Palaces, temples, fairs and festivals of Kutch attracts a large number of tourists in the district. Cultural Profile Kutch district is inhabited by various groups and communities. Many of these have reached this region after centuries of migration from neighboring regions of Marwar, Sindh, Afghanistan and further. Even today, one can find various nomadic, semi nomadic and artisan groups living in Kutch. The language spoken predominantly in Kutch is Kutchi language, to a lesser extent Gujarati, Sindhi, and Hindi. The district's population mostly follows Hinduism. The remaining population adhere mostly to Jainism and Islam. There are also some Sikhs and a Gurudwara is situated in Kutch at Lakhpat. The Swaminarayan

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Sampraday has a huge following in this region. Their main temple in this district is Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Bhuj. Place of Religious Importance in the study area is shown in Photograph 3-14. Photograph 3-14: Place of Religious Importance in the Study Area

Hindu Temple, Mithi Rohar

Hanuman Temple, Gandhidham

The majority of the population is vegetarian. Jains, Buldhmins and some other caste practice strict vegetarianism. Jains also refrain from eating kandmool food grown below the ground such as potatoes, garlic, onion, suran, etc. Hindus practice various degree of vegetarianism but certainly do not eat beef. In the villages, staple foods include bajra and milk; bajara na rotla with curd and butter milk is very common food for all the Gujarati people. Bajra was introduced by a brave king of this region named Lakho Fulani. During his period of exile, he came to know about this grain in some tribal regions. They also extensively drink buttermilk during lunch. Milk is considered to be sacred food and offering it to somebody is considered a gesture of friendship and welcoming. Tea is the most popular drink in this region and is enjoyed irrespective of sex, caste, religion or social status. Tea stalls where groups of people chat over tea are invariable sights of every village or town entrance from early morning to late evening. Alcoholic liquor is another popular drink, though it has been illegal to drink or possess since Kutch was incorporated within Gujarat. Most of the liquor drunk in this region is distilled from molasses by local people in villages. As a rule, women do not drink alcohol.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

In this chapter, we:   

Identify project activities that could beneficially or adversely impact the environment; Predict and assess the environmental impacts of such activities; Examine each environmental aspect-impact relationship in detail and identify its degree of significance; Identify possible mitigation measures for these project activities and select the most appropriate mitigation measure, based on the reduction in significance achieved and practicality in implementation; In case impact are low or moderate and can be suitably managed by SOP’s / OCP’s, to minimize / control the consequences, no specific management plans are prescribed; If consequences are high / indicating significant impact, implementation of mitigation measures requires specific management plan, these are prescribed.



 •

4.1

INVESTIGATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Details of investigated environmental impacts due to project location, possible accidents, project design, project construction, regular operations and final decommissioning are discussed in this section. Key Definitions, identification of impacts, methodology of component wise risk assessment is described in Annexure 12. This methodology is used in this chapter for preparing impacts and their listing evaluation. Mitigation measures are formulated based on the significance of the impact. A programme to implement all mitigation measures is then prepared and presented as an Environmental Monitoring Program and Environmental Management Plan, presented in Chapter 6 & Chapter 10 respectively. Impact on environment have been identified, based on an assessment of various environmental aspects associated with the project activities and has been summarized in Table 4-1.

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Table 4-1: Aspect – Impact Identification from Proposed Project

S No.

Project Activity

C1

C2

1

Project Location

1.1

Site selection

2

Project Design

Identified Aspect

N / AN / E

Potential Impacts

C3

C4

Increase in traffic on state highways and internal roads in study area

N

Air

Water

Ecology & Biodiversity

Land

Resource Depletion

Social

AP / AQ

NV

SW

GW

Effluent / Sewage

LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

MSW

TER.

AQUA.

RD

Infrastructure

Economic

OH / (H&S)

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C19

C20

•

• (+ve)

•

Non-compliance of Environmental standards due to failure in designs of the following: 1) Air Pollution Control Equipment 2.1

Design & selection of technology, reactors/ equipment / site layouts, etc.

•

2) Boilers / Compressors / Other utilities 3) ETP, RO, MEE, ATFD & Hazardous waste storage area

• •

• •

AN

•

•

•

•

4) Chlorine & other hazardous material storage tanks and structure

•

5) High Energy Consumption 3

Project Construction

A

Pre-Construction

3.A.1

Removal of site vegetation like herbs, shrubs and grasses (except trees)

B

Construction

3.B.1

3.B.2

Heavy fabrication work for erecting major plant equipment including operation of equipment like crane, concrete mixtures, vibrators etc.

•

Change in Landuse from Scrub to Industrial Use

N

Site specific loss of common floral diversity, associated faunal diversity & habitat / habitat diversity

N

Generation of Debris

N

Noise Generation

N

Site specific disturbance to faunal species

N

Excavation and paving of site, Movement of JCBs, other machinery, workers / labors etc.

Dust Generation

N

Fall in pit, land sliding from sidewalls

AN

Generation of Scraps

N

Emission of Heat Radiation

N

Noise Generation

N

Breaking of pulley, chains of cranes during lifting of equipment

AN

• •

• • • •

• • •

•

•

• •

• •

3.B.3

Influx of Construction Workers

Sewage Sludge Generation

N

Dust generation and emission of HC & CO

N

3.B.4

Vehicular movement for transportation of materials and equipment

Noise Generation

N

C

Commissioning Process Emissions of HCl, Cl2 & HC

AN

•

3.C.1

Startup and shutdown activities like operation of various equipments in Chlor-Alkali,

Flue gas Emissions of PM, NOx, CO, unburnt fuel, etc.

AN

•

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•

•

•

• (+ve) •

•

•

•

• •

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S No.

C1

Project Activity

C2

C3

C4

reactors in synthetic organic units, inorganic plants and Captive Power Plant.

Noise Generation

N

Leakage of chemicals, fuel and generation of waste water

AN

Generation of discarded packing materials

N

Loss of resource in rainy season.

N

Fugitive emission of chlorine

AN

Effluent generation having high TDS

N

4

Project Operation

A

Chlorine liquefaction, Storage, Filling & Dispatch

4.A.1

Procurement of Salt

4.A.2

4.A.3

Identified Aspect

N / AN / E

Potential Impacts

Brine preparation-resaturation, dechlorination, etc.

Electrolysis Process

Air

GW

Effluent / Sewage

LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

MSW

TER.

AQUA.

RD

Infrastructure

Economic

OH / (H&S)

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C19

C20

•

Brine sludge disposal

N

Soil contamination due to spillage of Brine Sludge during transportation at SLF

•

AN

Depleted brine

AN

•

Cl2 release

E

•

Caustic and Brine leakage from electrolyser assembly

AN

•

•

4.A.6

Hydro testing of Chlorine tonners

Disposal of wash water

N

4.A.7

Chlorine supply through pipeline to nearby existing industry

Leakage of Chlorine

AN

4.A.8

Transportation of Chlorine within plant through pipeline

Leakage of Chlorine

4.A.9

Storing Cl2 in bullets

4.A.10

Secured Landfill Facility

Hydrogen Plant

4.D.1

H2 Compressor

E

H2O2 Plant

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

• •

•

•

•

AN

D

• •

Leakage of Chlorine

Absorption of Chlorine in Hypo Tower

•

•

Liquefaction, Storage, Bottling & Vaporization of Chlorine in Chlorine bullets

4.C.1

•

•

4.A.5

Hypo Plant

• •

•

C

• •

E

HCl Plant

Social

SW

Cl2 leakage due to valve failure and tonner leakage

Scrubbing of HCl vapors

Resource Depletion

NV

Loading of Chlorine tonners

B

Ecology & Biodiversity

Land

AP / AQ

4.A.4

4.B.1

Water

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

AN

•

•

•

Bullet failure due to natural calamities or sabotage

E

•

•

•

Leachate generation

N

Emission of HCl

AN

•

•

•

•

Escape of unabsorbed Chlorine & HCl

AN

•

•

•

•

Fire due to electrostatic charge

AN

Explosion

E

•

•

• •

•

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S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

N / AN / E

Potential Impacts Air

Water

Ecology & Biodiversity

Land

Resource Depletion

Social

AP / AQ

NV

SW

GW

Effluent / Sewage

LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

MSW

TER.

AQUA.

RD

Infrastructure

Economic

OH / (H&S)

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C19

C20

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

4.E.1

Operation of Hydrogen Peroxide unit

Emission of HC

N

•

Process Waste as spent Alumina

N

F

Anhydrous Aluminium Chloride, PAC, & Calcium Chloride Plants

4.F.1

Operation of Inorganic unit

Emission of HCl & Cl2

N

Process Waste

N

G

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products. Emission of HCl & Cl2

N

Effluent generation having high COD & TDS

N

Generation of Process waste and other hazardous wastes like distillation residue.

N

Generation of Coal dust during transportation

N

Transportation by road

N

•

Development of ancillary activity

N

•

Generation of Coal dust

N

•

Fire

E

•

4.G.1 4.G.2

Operation of Organic unit

4.G.3

H

4.H.1

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• •

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant Procurement of Coal

•

Coal storage and stock pilling

4.H.3

Handling and Crushing of coal

Emission of Coal dust

N

•

4.H.4

Operation of Coal fired boilers & Turbines

Emission of PM, SO2, NOx and Fly Ash generation

N

•

Noise Generation

N

5

General & Utilities Vehicular movement for transportation of raw materials, finished goods, Industrial Waste.

SPM generation and emission of HC & CO.

N

5.1

Noise Generation

N

5.2

Handling of Material, Products (Dry).

Generation of Dust

N

•

Flue gas emission of PM, SO2, NOx from DG sets

N

•

Waste water generation from cooling tower blow down, shaft leaks, washings etc

N

Leakages in HSD tank

AN

Noise Generation

N

Generation of Used/spent oil, waste/residue containing oil, contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags

N

Acidic and alkaline waste water

N

5.4

• •

4.H.2

5.3

•

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc. & Floor Washing.

Operation of DM Plant

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

• (+ve) •

• •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• (+ve)

•

• • •

• (+ve)

• •

•

•

•

• • •

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

S No.

C1

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.8

5.9

5.10

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C2 Storage of fuel, Class A Solvents, Raw material, Finished products and Hazardous waste handling

Effluent / Sewage

LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

MSW

TER.

AQUA.

RD

Infrastructure

Economic

OH / (H&S)

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C19

C20

• •

N

Consumption of water (surface)

N

Zero Liquid Discharge

N

Sludge Generation

N

Spillage of HW/effluent

AN

Untreated effluent generation due to abnormal operation/ breakdown of RO & MEE

AN

Mixing of contamination form Process, coal storage, chemical & fuel storage and handling area, effluent treatment plant and salt yard with storm water

AN

Generation of waste/used oil and lubricants

N

Generation of scraps, used spares, cotton waste, hand gloves etc.

N

Waste water generation

N

Generation of Broken Glassware

AN

Injury due to splash of acid/alkali on chemist

AN

Analysis in laboratory

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Social

GW

AN N

Resource Depletion

SW

Fire and Explosion in Class A solvent storage area Dust Generation

Ecology & Biodiversity

Land

NV

C5

Generation of discarded container, drums, packing material etc.

Water

AP / AQ

C4

Operation of ETP, RO, MEE

Equipment maintenance

Air

C3

Raw water intake from GWIL reservoir

Storm water management

N / AN / E

Potential Impacts

•

• •

•

•

•

• • (+ve) • •

• •

•

•

•

• •

• •

• •

132

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4.2

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

AIR ENVIRONMENT

As discussed earlier, environmental aspects and impacts have been identified based on an assessment of environmental aspects associated with the project, which include emissions:    

During During During During

Project Design Stage; Project Construction; Project Operation; General Operation phase of Utilities.

For the purpose of impact predictions on air environment, emission sources can be classified into point and area sources. Whilst no area sources have been identified as part of the project, point sources have been identified and these include stacks attached to various units. For the purpose of impact predictions on air environment, the impact assessment methodology is given in Table 1 of Annexure 12. Based on the identified aspects from project activities, impact scores and operational controls / mitigation measures on air environment are tabulated in Table 4-2.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

N / AN / E

Table 4-2: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Air Environment Legal

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C4

C5

C6

C7

Non-compliance of Environmental standards due to failure in Air Pollution Control Equipment designs.

AN

No

5

Excavation and paving of site, Movement of JCBs, other machinery, workers / labors etc.

Dust Generation

N

No

2.A.2

Heavy fabrication work for erecting major plant equipment including operation of equipment like crane, concrete mixtures, vibrators etc.

Emission of Heat Radiation

N

2.A.3

Vehicular movement for transportation of materials and equipment

Dust generation and emission of HC & CO

Process Emissions of HCl, Cl2 & HC

S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3

1

Project Design

1.1

Design & selection of reactors/ equipment / site layouts, etc.

2

Project Construction

A

Construction

2.A.1

B

Commissioning

2.B.1

Startup and shutdown activities like operation of various equipments in Chlor-Alkali, reactors in synthetic organic units, inorganic plants and Captive Power Plant.

3

Project Operation

A

Chlorine liquefaction, Storage, Filling & Dispatch

3.A.1

Brine preparation-resaturation, dechlorination, etc.

3.A.2

Electrolysis Process

3.A.3

Loading of Chlorine tonners

Impact Scoring

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C8

C9

C10

C11

1

5

Low

Membrane cell technology is considered. Approved and standard designs of air pollution control equipment & process equipment will be procured from Authorized vendors to meet environmental standards.

No

1

5

5

Low

Barricading will be done wherever required. Water sprinkling is carried out as and when required.

No

No

1

5

5

Low

Properly certified, tested and calibrated equipment will be used.

No

N

No

2

5

10

Moderate

PUC Certified vehicles will be used. Traffic management will be ensured.

No

AN

No

4

1

4

Low

No SOP's, OCP, OEP will be made and followed. APC will be provided. Firefighting and emergency response team will be at place.

Flue gas Emissions of PM, NOx, CO, unburnt fuel, etc.

AN

No

4

3

12

Moderate

Fugitive emission of chlorine

AN

No

4

1

4

Low

Regular work place monitoring will be done. Leakages will be immediately attended. OCP will be followed. Chlorine system is connected with caustic scrubber.

No

Depleted brine

AN

No

2

1

2

Negligible

OCPs will be made and followed.

No

Cl2 release

E

No

5

1

5

Low

SOP's, OCP, OEP & Offsite emergency plan will be followed during emergency

No

Cl2 leakage due to valve failure and tonner leakage

E

No

4

1

4

Low

SOP's, OCP, Onsite and Offsite emergency plan will be followed during emergency. Firefighting and emergency response team will be at place.

No

Yes

No

3.A.4

Liquefaction, Storage, Bottling & Vaporization of Chlorine in Chlorine bullets

Leakage of Chlorine

AN

No

5

3

15

High

Cl2 & HCl Detectors will be placed at suitable locations. Vacuum system will be in place to capture Cl2 and transferred to Hypo plant for Caustic scrubbing. SOP's will be followed during emergency. Mandatory inspection of each equipment shall be done as per the requirements. Regular work place monitoring will be carried out.

3.A.5

Chlorine supply through pipeline to nearby existing industry

Leakage of Chlorine

AN

No

4

1

4

Low

Leakages will be immediately attended by competent person. Preventive maintenance schedule in place.

No

3.A.6

Transportation of Chlorine within plant through pipeline

Leakage of Chlorine

AN

No

4

1

4

Low

Leakages will be immediately attended by competent person. Preventive maintenance schedule in place.

No

3.A.7

Storing Cl2 in bullets

Bullet failure due to natural calamities or sabotage

E

No

5

1

5

Low

Onsite and Offsite emergency plan will be followed. Firefighting & emergency response team will be at place. Preventive maintenance schedule in place.

No

B

HCl Plant

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N / AN / E

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

Legal

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C4

C5

C6

C7

Emission of HCl

AN

Yes

--

Escape of unabsorbed Chlorine & HCl

AN

Yes

Emission of HC

N

Emission of HCl & Cl2

S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3

3.B.1

Scrubbing of HCl vapors

C

Hypo Plant

3.C.1

Absorption of Chlorine in Hypo Tower

D

H2O2 Plant

3.D.1

Operation of Hydrogen Peroxide unit

E

Anhydrous Aluminium Chloride, PAC, & Calcium Chloride Plants

3.E.1

Operation of Inorganic unit

F

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products.

3.F.1

Operation of Organic unit

G

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant

3.G.1

Procurement of Coal

Impact Scoring

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C8

C9

C10

C11

--

--

Significant

3 Stage Caustic Scrubbing System will be provided. Adequate stack height of 30 m will be provided.

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

Single Stage DM Water Scrubbing System will be provided. Adequate stack height of 30 m will be provided.

Yes

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

Activated Carbon Adsorption System will be provided. Adequate stack height of 32 m will be provided.

Yes

N

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

Alkali Ventury Scrubber will be provided. Adequate stack height will be provided.

Yes

Emission of HCl & Cl2

N

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

Water, Alkali Ventury Scrubbers will be provided. Adequate stack height will be provided.

Yes

Generation of Coal dust during transportation

N

No

1

5

5

Low

Barricading will be done wherever required. Water sprinkling is carried out as and when required.

No

Generation of Coal dust

N

No

1

5

5

Low

Barricading will be done wherever required. Water sprinkling is carried out as and when required.

No

Fire

E

No

5

1

5

Low

Onsite and Offsite emergency plan will be followed. Firefighting & emergency response team will be at place. Preventive maintenance schedule in place.

No

Handling and Crushing of coal

Emission of Coal dust

N

No

2

5

10

Moderate

OCPs will be followed. Water sprinkling will be done. Dust extraction system will be provided at crusher house

No

3.G.4

Operation of Coal fired boilers & Turbines

Emission of PM, SO2, NOx and Fly Ash generation

N

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed. Stack height of 105 m will be provided for proper dispersion. Online meter for PM, SO2 & NOx will be provided. Ash Handling and Management plan will be prepared and followed.

Yes

4

General & Utilities

4.1

Vehicular movement for transportation of raw materials, finished goods, Industrial Waste.

SPM generation and emission of HC & CO.

N

No

3

5

15

High

OCPs will be followed. Water sprinkling will be done. Dust extraction system will be provided at crusher house

Yes

4.2

Handling of Material, Products (Dry).

Generation of Dust

N

No

2

5

10

Moderate

Regular cleanup activities shall be done.

No

4.3

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc.

Flue gas emission of PM, SO2, NOx from DG sets

N

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed. Adequate Stack height of 15 m will be provided for DG sets for proper dispersion

Yes

4.4

Storage of fuel, Class A Solvents, Raw material, Finished products and Hazardous waste handling

Fire and Explosion in Class A solvent storage area

AN

No

5

1

5

Low

Onsite and Offsite emergency plan will be followed. Firefighting & emergency response team will be at place. Preventive maintenance schedule in place.

No

Dust Generation

N

No

2

5

10

Moderate

Regular cleanup activities shall be done.

No

3.G.2

3.G.3

Coal storage and stock pilling

Note: Scoring is not done for those impacting activities, where the mitigation measure of the arising aspect requires to meet/comply with the Legal Requirement (i.e. NOC/CTO).

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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4.2.1

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

Emission Rates & Predicted GLCs

Point Source Emissions As per the discussions with KCIL officials, following relevant data were collected to calculate emission rates of relevant pollutants from point source due to proposed activities during operation phase:   

Quantity of fuel; Fuel analysis; Stack details: Internal diameter at top, height*, exit gas velocity, temperature.

* Stack Height is calculated based on the sulphur content in Imported Coal, considering worst case, i.e. when all APCM fails. Assumptions for calculating emission estimate for point source are as following: 

Emissions rates of relevant parameters as provided in Emission standards for TPP units to be installed from 1st January, 2017 and emission standards for Sulphuric Acid and Chlor Alkali Industries.  To meet these norms, Sulphur reduction efficiency shall be > 92.75% (Lime dosing in CFBC boilers) & ESP Efficiency shall be > 99.75%.

Details of proposed stacks & APCM are given in Table 2-20 & Table 2-21. Sulphur and Ash content in imported coal and HSD is tabulated in Table 4-3.

Table 4-3: Assumptions for Calculating Emission Estimate for Point Source S. No.

Fuel Type

Sulphur Content, %

Ash Content, %

Density, kg/m3

Source

1

Imported Coal

0.5

7.5

800

As provided by KCIL

2

HSD

0.25

0.01

820

Secondary Data, IOCL

Emissions rates from proposed point source (flue gas stacks & process stacks) as per the above emissions are shown in Table 4-4 & Table 4-5. Volume Source Emissions From the proposed project, volume source, emitting PM, is identified as open storage of coal. This is not considered for dispersion modeling as particulate matter emitted shall not be dispersed too far from the source and maximum GLCs will be well within the project site itself. Emission rates from coal yard is provided in Table 4-6. Line Source Emissions Vehicular emissions, majorly CO & HC’s are envisaged due to movement of these vehicles on six lane “pakka” road having 24 m width. Dispersion modeling is not considered for line source emissions as the roads are “pakka”, hence no significant addition of GLCs are envisaged due to vehicular movement.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4-4: Emission Estimate from Flue Gas Stacks Stack No.

Stack Attached to

Required Stack Ht., m

Stack Ht., m

Stack Dia. (Top), m

Stack Exit Velocity, m/s

Stack Exit Temp, oK

Stack Exhaust, m3/s

Stack Exhaust, Nm3/s

SO2 Emission*, mg/Nm3

SO2 Emitted, kg/hr

SO2 Emitted after APCM, gm/sec

PM Emission*, mg/Nm3

PM10 Emitted after APCM, gm/sec

NOx Emitted*, mg/Nm3

NOx Emitted, gm/sec

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

1

CPP (100 MW)

96.39

105

3.5

18

413

173.1

124.9

100

45.0

12.49

30

3.75

100

12.49

* As per MOEF's New Emission standards for power plant (07.12.2015). Stack No.

Stack Attached to

Required Stack Ht., m

Stack Ht., m

Stack Dia. (Top), m

Stack Exit Velocity, m/s

Stack Exit Temp, oK

Stack Exhaust, m3/s

Stack Exhaust, Nm3/s

Fuel Used

Fuel Consumption (Ltr/Hr)

Sulphur Content in Fuel, %

SO2 Emitted, kg/hr

SO2 Emitted, gm/sec

Ash Content in Fuel, %

PM10 Emitted, kg/hr

PM10 Emitted, gm/sec

NOx Emitted, mg/Nm3

NOx Emitted, gm/sec

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C19

1

DG Set

13.2

15

0.5

15

423

2.94

2.07

HSD

200

0.25

0.8

0.2

0.01

0.016

0.005

100.00

0.21

2

DG Set

13.2

15

0.5

15

423

2.94

2.07

HSD

200

0.25

0.8

0.2

0.01

0.016

0.005

100.00

0.21

Table 4-5: Emission Estimate from Process Stacks Stack No.

Stack Attached to

Pollutants Emitted

No. of Stacks

Stack Ht., m

Stack Dia. (Top), m

Stack Exit Velocity, m/s

Stack Exit Temp, oK

Stack Exhaust, Nm3/s

HCl Emitted, mg/Nm3

HCl Emitted after APCM, gm/sec

Cl2 Emitted, mg/Nm3

Cl2 Emitted after APCM, gm/sec

HC Emitted, mg/Nm3

HC Emitted after APCM, gm/sec

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

1

Waste air De-Chlorination Unit -1 & 2

Cl2

2

30

0.4

1.5

308

0.18

--

--

9.00

0.003

--

--

2

HCl synthesis Unit 1 & 2

HCl, Cl2

2

30

0.15

1.5

308

0.03

20.00

0.001

9.00

0.0005

--

--

3

Depleted air from solvent recovery Unit 1 & 2 (H2O2 Plant)

HC

2

32

0.4

2.5

313

0.30

--

--

--

--

15

0.009

4

Calcium Chloride Plant

HCl, Cl2

1

11

0.2

1.5

303

0.05

20.00

0.001

9.00

0.0004

--

--

5

CPW Plant

HCl, Cl2

1

15

0.2

1.5

303

0.05

20.00

0.001

9.00

0.0004

--

--

6

Chlorinator of Chloro Benzene Plant – MCB

HCl, Cl2

1

22

0.2

1.5

303

0.05

20.00

0.001

9.00

0.0004

--

--

7

Chlorinator of Chloro Benzene Plant – ODCB/PDCB/TCB

HCl, Cl2

1

22

0.2

1.5

303

0.05

20.00

0.001

9.00

0.0004

--

--

8

Chlorinator of Toluene Plant

HCl, Cl2

1

22

0.2

1.5

303

0.05

20.00

0.001

9.00

0.0004

--

--

Table 4-6: Emission Estimate from Volume Source

S. No.

Storage Yard type

Maximum Working Pit Dimensions, m Length

Width

Height

Area, m2

Volume, m3

Stowage factor

Max. Quantity Stored, MT

Density of Coal, Kg/m3

Max. Quantity Handled, TPD

Air Pollution Generating Activity (as per USEPA Terminology)

Emission Factor as Per USEPA Fire Model

Coal Handled, Ton/Hr

Emission Factor

PM Emission, lb/Hr

PM Emission, gm/sec

PM Emission, gm/m2/sec

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

1

Coal Storage

50.0

35.0

5.0

1,750

8,750

1.4

6,250

800

1,860

Handling

3.000 E-3 Lb per Tons Material Throughput

77.50

0.003

0.233

0.029

1.6740E-05

1 9

Coal Consumption: 1,860 TPD. Considering 0.5% Sulphur, plant running for 24 hrs, Sulphur Emission: 310 kg/hr & SO2 emission: 620 kg/hr. So, Stack Height is calculated as per H = 14(Q)0.3.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Dispersion Modeling Emissions from all the stacks were analyzed for their impacts on the GLC for various distances using the dispersion modeling guidelines of AERMOD, developed by the AERMIC (American Meteorological Society (AMS)/United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), as directed by CPCB.

About AERMOD AMS/EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD) is a steady-state plume model. It is designed to apply to source releases and meteorological conditions that can be assumed to be steady over individual modeling periods (typically one hour or less). AERMOD has been designed to handle the computation of pollutant impacts in both flat and complex terrain within the same modeling framework. The American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model Improvement Committee (AERMIC) was formed to introduce state-of-the-art modeling concepts into the EPA's air quality models. Through AERMIC, a modeling system, AERMOD, was introduced that incorporated air dispersion based on planetary boundary layer turbulence structure and scaling concepts, including treatment of both surface and elevated sources, and both simple and complex terrain. AERMET is an input data processor that is one of the regulatory components of the AERMOD modeling system. It incorporates air dispersion based on planetary boundary layer turbulence structure and scaling concepts. Data flow in Aermod modeling system is shown in Figure 4-1.

Figure 4-1: Data Flow in AERMOD Modeling System

Meteorological Parameters The hourly meteorological data considered were wind speed, wind direction, ambient atmospheric temperature, cloud cover, humidity & rainfall.

Other Assumptions The dispersion modeling assumptions considered are as follows:   

The terrain of the study area was considered as FLAT; Stability class and Atmospheric inversion level is based on software’s database; DG sets are in operation (Worst case scenario). KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Results Emission standards of MOEF and CPCB are considered for modeling purpose. In actual, the emissions will be lesser then it is calculated for and it is unlikely to cause abundant GLCs. Air dispersion modeling results with predicted GLC (Isopleths) from proposed activity of all parameters are provided in Annexure 13. Maximum 24 hourly average GLC’s for PM10, SO2 & NOx, & hourly for HCl, Cl2 & HC are tabulated in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7: Summary of Air Dispersion Modeling for Proposed Stacks S No.

Parameters

Number of Sources

Maximum GLC Concentration, µg/m3

Distance, m

Direction

1

PM10

3

1.0

1,500

E

2

SO2

3

6.2

250

NE

3

NOx

2

5.7

250

NE

4

HCl

6

0.65

250

SW

5

Cl2

7

0.32

250

N

6

HC

1

0.63

250

W

A situation is predicted as the sum of incremental GLCs and average baseline monitored value of a parameter at the baseline monitoring location. GLCs at these receptors are tabulated in Table 4-8.

Table 4-8: Maximum Incremental GLC from Proposed Project S No.

1

2

3

4

Name of Village (Distance in km/Direction)

At Project Site (0.0 / - )

Varsana (1.25 / NE)

Nandgaon (3.85 / NE)

KCIL (Unit 1) (0.4 / SW)

Pollutant

CPCB Limit Concentration (µg/m3)

Baseline Concentration (Avg) (µg/m3)

GLC (µg/m3)

Total Predictive GLC (µg/m3)

PM10

100

89

0.6

89.6

SO2

80

9.2

6.2

15.4

NOx

80

29.8

5.7

35.5

HCl

-

< 1.0

0.65

1.65

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0.32

1.32

HC

-

1,124

0.63

1,124.63

PM10

100

95

0.4

95.4

SO2

80

9.4

1.6

11.0

NOx

80

33.9

0.9

34.8

HCl

-

< 1.0

0.22

1.22

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0.09

1.09

HC

-

1,160

0.08

1,160.08

PM10

100

89

0.3

89.3

SO2

80

9.1

1.0

10.1

NOx

80

34.2

0.3

34.5

HCl

-

< 1.0

0.09

1.09

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0.06

1.06

HC

-

1,198

0.07

1,198.07

PM10

100

103

0.5

103.5

SO2

80

9.5

2.7

12.2

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S No.

5

6

7

8

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Name of Village (Distance in km/Direction)

Padana (1.1 / S)

Bhimasar (2.5 / NW)

Modvadar (4.0 / SW)

Pashuda (6.2 / N)

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Pollutant

CPCB Limit Concentration (µg/m3)

Baseline Concentration (Avg) (µg/m3)

GLC (µg/m3)

Total Predictive GLC (µg/m3)

NOx

80

34.4

2.6

37.0

HCl

-

2.4

0.2

2.6

Cl2

-

2.6

0.09

2.69

HC

-

1,203

0.16

1,203.16

PM10

100

91

0.3

91.3

SO2

80

9.5

1.0

10.5

NOx

80

32.3

0.9

33.2

HCl

-

< 1.0

0.06

1.06

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0.02

1.02

HC

-

1,215

0.09

1,215.09

PM10

100

94

0.1

94.1

SO2

80

9.2

0.1

9.3

NOx

80

32.2

0.1

32.3

HCl

-

< 1.0

0

1

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0

1

HC

-

1,234

0

1,234.00

PM10

100

95

0.1

95.1

SO2

80

9.4

0.4

9.8

NOx

80

31.1

0.6

31.7

HCl

-

< 1.0

0.09

1.09

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0.06

1.06

HC

-

1,221

0.05

1,221.05

PM10

100

91

0.0

91.0

SO2

80

8.9

0.1

9.0

NOx

80

31

0.1

31.1

HCl

-

< 1.0

0

1

Cl2

-

< 1.0

0

1

HC

-

1,165

0

1,165.00

Conclusion Comparing the incremental ground level concentrations of pollutants with the ambient air quality limits prescribed by CPCB & as per Factories Act, it can be concluded the following:  

Incremental GLC’s for all parameters remain within 250 to 1,500 meters from the project site; Air impact are not expected to cause any effect on vegetation and human settlements in the vicinity of the project site.

Mitigation Measures Mitigation measures for air quality impacts are: KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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         

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CFBC Boilers having sulphur reduction efficiency shall be > 92.75% (Lime dosing) purchased; Adequate height of at least 105 m will be provided as per the statutory requirements to flue gas stacks attached to boilers. APC like ESPs will be installed with it having at least 99.75% efficiency; Well-designed APCM like scrubbers (DM water & Caustic) will be provided as per the applicability to control emissions of HCl, Cl2 & HC; Online sensors for PM, SO2 & NOx shall be provided with flue gas stack attached to boilers; Online sensors for HCl & Cl2 shall be provided with stack attached to Hypo plant; Plant load will be maintained to reduce the air emissions; Effective water spraying will be done on the access roads to control re-entrained dust during dry season (if required); Proper operating procedures will be followed during startup and shutdown; Proper PPE like dust masks will be provided to workers and its use ensured; Regular Work place monitoring will be done.

4.2.2

Incremental Traffic

From the proposed facility, approximately on daily basis, approximately, 250 trucks per day carrying raw material and finished goods shall be using the nearby national highways (NH-6 & NH-50) connecting site to Gandhidham and Ahmedabad. Employees and contract workers (~2 buses, 50 cars, 100 two wheelers & 100 cycles) shall use the same route during peak hours (i.e. morning 0800 hours to 1030 hours and evening 1600 hours to 2000 hours). Based on the traffic survey conducted (Refer Section 3.5.5), it is noted for: NH-6 connecting Site to Bhachau & Gandhidham     

Average peak hourly traffic on this route is 938 and 320 PCU respectively; From the proposed project, additional ~132 PCU’s & 102 PCU’s per hour will be generated on this route (towards Gandhidham and Bhachau respectively); As per IRC, carrying capacity of this approach road is 2,900 PCU; The maximum PCU on the road will be 1,070 (to Gandhidham) & 422 (to Bhachau). Thus, the road is capable of carrying the excess traffic from the proposed project.

NH-50 connecting Site to Bhimasar & Anjar     

Average peak hourly traffic on this route is 161 and 118 PCU respectively; From the proposed project, additional ~49 PCU’s per hour will be generated on this route; As per IRC, carrying capacity of this approach road is 900 PCU; The maximum PCU on the road will be 210 (to Anjar) & 167 (to Bhimasar). Thus, the road is capable of carrying the excess traffic from the proposed project.

Summary of traffic survey (peak hourly) are given in Table 4-9 - Table 4-12.

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Table 4-9: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-6, from Bhachau to Gandhidham Type of Vehicle

From Bhachau to Gandhidham

% of Total Stream

Equivalent PCU Factor

Converted PCUs

Additional Vehicles per day

Additional PCUs / Hr.

Total PCUs After Proposed Project

Two wheeler

82

15%

0.75

62

75

28

90

Three wheeler

36

7%

1.2

43

0

0

43

Car/Jeeps

203

38%

1

203

35

18

221

Truck/Buses/Tractors

163

30%

3.7

603

200

74

677

Non Motorable vehicles

54

10%

0.5

27

50

13

40

Total

538

938

360

132

1,070

Table 4-10: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-6, from Gandhidham to Bhachau Type of Vehicle

From Gandhidham to Bhachau

% of Total Stream

Equivalent PCU Factor

Converted PCUs

Additional Vehicles per day

Additional PCUs / Hr.

Total PCUs After Proposed Project

Two wheeler

64

22%

0.75

48

75

28

76

Three wheeler

43

15%

2

86

0

0

86

Car/Jeeps

107

37%

1

107

35

18

125

Truck/Buses/Tractors

24

8%

2.2

52

200

44

96

Non Motorable vehicles

54

19%

0.5

27

50

13

40

Total

292

320

360

102

422

Table 4-11: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-50, from Bhimasar to Anjar Type of Vehicle

From Bhimasar to Anjar

% of Total Stream

Equivalent PCU Factor

Converted PCUs

Additional Vehicles per day

Additional PCUs / Hr.

Total PCUs After Proposed Project

Two wheeler

39

29%

0.75

29

25

9

38

Three wheeler

8

6%

1.2

10

0

0

10

Car/Jeeps

8

6%

1

8

15

8

16

Truck/Buses/Tractors

24

18%

3.7

87

50

19

106

Non Motorable vehicles

54

41%

0.5

27

50

13

40

Total

134

161

140

49

210

Table 4-12: Incremental Hourly Average Traffic on NH-50, from Anjar to Bhimasar Type of Vehicle

From Anjar to Bhimasar

% of Total Stream

Equivalent PCU Factor

Converted PCUs

Additional Vehicles per day

Additional PCUs / Hr.

Total PCUs After Proposed Project

Two wheeler

41

41%

0.75

30

25

9

39

Three wheeler

3

3%

1.2

4

0

0

4

Car/Jeeps

5

5%

1

5

15

8

13

Truck/Buses/Tractors

17

17%

3.7

62

50

19

81

Non Motorable vehicles

33

34%

0.5

17

50

13

30

Total

98

118

140

49

167

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Impacts due to Road Transportation     

Increase in transportation will lead to increase in road traffic; Generation of dust from trucks; Emission of pollutants like HC, SO2, NOx and PM; Noise generation from vehicular movement; Spillage or leak of raw materials during transportation.

Mitigation Measures/Precautions as mentioned shall be taken whilst transporting hazardous waste:      

Trucks with be covered with tarpaulins before traveling on public roads; No overloading is done shall be ensured; Vehicle manifest shall be maintained; PUC Certified vehicles will be used; Traffic management will be ensured as mentioned in Chapter 6, Table 6-2; The engines and exhaust systems of all vehicles and equipment used will be maintained as such, that exhaust emissions are low and do not breach statutory limits set for the concerned vehicle/equipment type.

4.3

NOISE ENVIRONMENT

For the purpose of impact predictions on noise environment, the impact assessment methodology is given in Table 1 of Annexure 12. Based on the identified aspects from project activities, impact scores and operational controls / mitigation measures on noise environment are tabulated in Table 4-13. 4.3.1

Assessment of Noise using SoundPlan

Noise Modelling study was done using the Software tool “Sound Plan” essential 3.0 software, which predicts the Noise Map generated due to the sources present at the project site and predicts the Noise Levels at various receiver points due to the sources present at the project site. To analyze the Noise Map of the project site, first, the geometrically coordinated Google Earth images of the Project site were imported into the software. Various Sources of noise were added with their approximate Sound Pressure Levels, and the “Receiver points” were added at various locations where Noise Monitoring was conducted. “SoundPlan” generates the Noise Map with colored pattern isopleths, which indicate whether or not the SPL in that particular region exceeds the CPCB limits. If the SPL is above the “user set” allowable limit, the area will be shown in Red contour depending upon the Difference between then Predicted SPL and the Allowable SPL. Otherwise, it will be shown in Green contour.

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N / AN / E

Table 4-13: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Noise Environment Legal

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C4

C5

C6

C7

Non-compliance of Environmental standards due to faulty design of Boilers / Compressors / Other utilities.

AN

No

5

Excavation and paving of site, Movement of JCBs, other machinery, workers / labors etc.

Noise Generation

N

No

2.A.2

Heavy fabrication work for erecting major plant equipment including operation of equipment like crane, concrete mixtures, vibrators etc.

Noise Generation

N

2.A.3

Vehicular movement for transportation of materials and equipment.

Noise Generation

N

B

Commissioning

2.B.1

Startup and shutdown activities like operation of various equipments in Chlor-Alkali, reactors in synthetic organic units, inorganic plants and Captive Power Plant.

3

Project Operation

A

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant

3.A.1

Operation of Coal fired boilers & Turbines

4

General & Utilities

4.1

Vehicular movement for transportation of raw materials, finished goods, Industrial Waste.

4.2

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc.

S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3

1

Project Design

1.1

Design & selection of reactors/ equipment / site layouts, etc.

2

Project Construction

A

Construction

2.A.1

Impact Scoring

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C8

C9

C10

C11

1

5

Low

Process equipments meeting environmental noise standards shall be procured.

No

1

5

5

Low

Properly certified, tested and calibrated equipments will be used.

No

No

1

5

5

Low

Properly certified, tested and calibrated equipments will be used. Proper PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured.

No

No

2

5

10

Moderate

PUCC Certified vehicles will be used.

No

Yes

Noise Generation

N

No

3

5

15

High

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed during startup. Acoustic enclosures will be built-in with equipment by technology provider. PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured.

Noise Generation

N

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured. No operators shall be allowed to do two continuous shifts.

Yes

Noise Generation

N

No

2

5

10

Moderate

PUCC Certified vehicles will be used.

No

High

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed during startup. Acoustic enclosures will be built-in with equipment by technology provider. PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured.

Yes

Noise Generation

N

No

3

5

15

Note: Scoring is not done for those impacting activities, where the mitigation measure of the arising aspect requires to meet/comply with the Legal Requirement (i.e. NOC/CTO).

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The sources considered at the project site for the analysis with their approximate SPL are considered slightly on the higher side for more critical analysis. The sources of noise with their maximum SPLs are tabulated in Table 4-14.

Table 4-14: Sources of Noise with their Sound Pressure Levels S. No.

Sources

1. 2.

Levels dB(A) Day

Night

DG sets

100

100

Compressor

85

85

3.

Boiler

100

100

4.

Coal Mill

90

90

5.

Turbine

95

95

6.

Pumps

95

95

7.

Cooling Tower

85

85

8.

Chiller

95

95

Results The predicted noise levels along with the conflict are tabulated in Table 4-15. Isopleths generated during day time and night time are as given in Figure 4-2 & Figure 4-3.

Table 4-15: Noise Level at Receptor Locations (Based on SoundPlan) S. No.

Receiver Name

NL1 NL2

Prescribed Limit dB(A)

Level dB(A)

Conflict dB(A)

Day

Night

Day

Night

Day

Night

At Project Boundary (E)

75.0

70.0

50.0

46.2

-

-

At Project Boundary (W)

75.0

70.0

44.2

43.5

-

-

NL3

At Project Boundary (N)

75.0

70.0

40.4

39.1

-

-

NL4

At Project Boundary (SW)

75.0

70.0

50.6

43.9

-

-

NL5

Padana Village

55.0

45.0

40.0

30.9

-

-

NL6

Varsana Village

55.0

45.0

45.1

36.2

-

-

NL7

100 m. north from project site

75.0

70.0

33.9

29.2

-

-

Based on the modeling of proposed activities, it is noted that the proposed activities will not have any conflict in Noise levels comparing to the prescribed CPCB limits. Cumulative Impact Results are collated with baseline data to predict the cumulative incremental in noise levels at the monitored receptors. The details of the same for day time and night time is tabulated in Table 4-16. Conclusion The predicted cumulative incremental increase in Noise level shows that following:  

Incremental increase in core area of 250 m from site shows incremental increase in the range of 0.1 dB(A) to 9.7 dB(A) during day time and 0.4 dB(A) to 14.4 dB(A) during night time. Beyond 250 m from the project area, increase in noise level is almost null.

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Table 4-16: Predictive Cumulative Noise Levels Location Code

Location

NL1

At Project Boundary (E)

NL2

Category

CPCB Limits in dB (A)

Baseline Average Noise levels in dB (A)

SPL predicted at Receiver by Proposed Activities (dB)

Predicted Cumulative incremental increase in Noise level dB (A)

Incremental increase in Noise level dB (A)

Day Time

Night Time

Day Time

Night Time

Day Time

Night Time

Day Time

Night Time

Day Time

Night Time

Industrial

75.0

70.0

62.7

56.0

50.0

46.2

63.0

56.4

0.2

0.4

At Project Boundary (W)

Industrial

75.0

70.0

63.7

57.2

44.2

43.5

63.7

57.4

0.0

0.2

NL3

At Project Boundary (N)

Industrial

75.0

70.0

62.8

58.1

40.4

39.1

62.9

58.1

0.0

0.1

NL4

At Project Boundary (SW)

Industrial

75.0

70.0

64.4

57.1

50.6

43.9

64.6

57.3

0.2

0.2

NL5

Padana Village

Residential

55.0

45.0

56.2

46.8

40.0

30.9

56.3

46.9

0.1

0.1

NL6

Varsana Village

Residential

55.0

45.0

58.8

49.7

45.1

36.2

59.0

49.9

0.2

0.2

NL7

100 m. north from project site

Industrial

75.0

70.0

60.1

53.9

33.9

29.2

60.1

53.9

0.0

0.0

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Figure 4-2: Isopleths Generated During Day Time

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Figure 4-3: Isopleths Generated During Night Time

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WATER ENVIRONMENT

For the purpose of impact predictions on ground & surface water environment, the impact assessment methodology is given in Table 1 of Annexure 12. Based on the identified aspects from project activities, impact scores and operational controls / mitigation measures on water environment are tabulated in Table 4-17. 4.4.1

Impact on Ground Water

No adverse impact on groundwater is envisaged as no withdrawal of groundwater is proposed in the project. 4.4.2

Impact on Surface Water

Surface water quality and quantity will not be affected by the proposed project, since the project shall achieve Zero Liquid Discharge, by taking various recycling and reuse steps as discussed in Chapter 2, Section 2.14. Only, during the heavy rainfall, there is a possibility of storm water to drain out from the factory premise which will meet the natural storm water drain. Hence, there will be minor impact on the surface water. 4.4.3

Mitigation Measures

Following mitigation measures will be implemented to minimize the impact on the water environment:        

 

During construction phase, sewage will be disposed into soak pit and septic tank. Regular cleaning will be carried out. There will be separate process and storm water drains. Zero Liquid Discharge shall be achieved by recycled and reuse of the treated waste water. Properly designed effluent drains with side barriers will be provided & inflow will be diverted to ETP 1, ETP 2, RO, MEE followed by ATFD for necessary treatment. Proper operation and maintenance of effluent treatment plant will be done to ensure meeting specified disposal standards. ETP sludge and MEE salts will be disposed properly as per norms. Drip irrigation system will be proposed for greenbelt development to reduce fresh water demand. Process, chemical fuel storage and handling area will have proper bunds and dyke walls so that contaminated run-off cannot meet the storm-water line. In case of leakage, leaked fuel shall be immediately transferred to the spare tank; Use of PPE’s during the collection, storage, handling and treatment of liquid waste. Rainwater harvesting from rooftop in nearby schools shall be done.

The overall impact on surface water quality will be negligible by following all precautionary measures as mentioned in mitigation measures.

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S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

N / AN / E

Table 4-17: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Water Environment Legal

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

1

Project Design

1.1

Design & selection of reactors/ equipment / site layouts, etc.

Non-compliance of Environmental standards due to failure in designs of ETP, RO, MEE, ATFD.

AN

Yes

2

Project Construction

A

Construction

2.A.1

Influx of construction workers

B

Commissioning

2.B.1

Startup and shutdown activities like operation of various equipments in Chlor-Alkali, reactors in synthetic organic units, inorganic plants and Captive Power Plant.

3

Project Operation

A

Chlorine liquefaction, Storage, Filling & Dispatch

3.A.1 3.A.2

3.A.3

Sewage generation.

N

Impact on

Yes

Impact Scoring Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

SW

GW

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

•

5

1

5

Low

Proper design of ETP, RO, MEE & ATFD shall be done to meet the environmental standards.

No

Significant

Sewage will be disposed into soak pit and septic tank. Regular cleaning will be carried out.

Yes

No

•

Severity, S

Significance / Consequence

Effluent / Sewage

--

--

--

Leakage of chemicals, fuel and generation of waste water

AN

No

•

4

1

4

Low

Separate line for effluent drains with side barriers will be provided & inflow will be diverted to respective ETPs for further treatment.

Procurement of Salt

Loss of resource in rainy season.

N

No

•

1

2

2

Low

Waste water will be reused in the process

No

Brine preparation-resaturation, dechlorination, etc.

Effluent generation having high TDS

N

No

•

--

--

--

Significant

Effluent will be recycled and reused after treatment in ETP 1 in which pH will be adjusted and further treated in RO & MEE.

Yes

Depleted brine

AN

No

•

3

2

6

Low

The depleted brine will be recycled back into the process

No

No

Electrolysis Process

Caustic and Brine leakage from electrolyser assembly

AN

No

•

2

3

6

Low

SOP’s will be followed. Proper floor slope and connection to the recovery system made to recover leaked caustic / brine back to system

3.A.4

Hydro testing of Chlorine tonners

Disposal of wash water

N

No

•

2

3

6

Low

Generated waste water will be reuse in the process

No

3.A.5

Secured Landfill Facility

Leachate generation

N

No

•

2

4

8

Low

Leachate will be reused in the process

No

B

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products.

3.B.1

Operation of Organic unit

Effluent generation having high COD & TDS

N

Yes

•

--

--

--

Significant

Effluent will be recycled and reused after giving treatment in ETP-1, RO & MEE & ATFD.

Yes

4

General & Utilities

4.1

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor,

Waste water generation from cooling tower blow down, shaft leaks, washings etc

N

No

•

--

--

--

Significant

Effluent will be diverted to ETP-2 via properly designed channel.

Yes

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S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

N / AN / E

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

Legal

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

Impact on

Impact Scoring

SW

GW

Effluent / Sewage

C6

C7

C8

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C9

C10

C11

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C12

C13

C14

No

Pumps, Blowers etc. & Floor Washing. Leakages in HSD tank

AN

No

•

5

1

5

Low

Dyke wall will be provided to avoid run-off contamination and leaked fuel shall be immediately transferred to the spare tank. Use of spill control measures, mechanical handling, PPE’s shall be mandatory while handling the chemicals to avoid spillages.

•

2

5

10

Moderate

Effluent will be diverted to ETP via properly designed channel.

No

--

--

--

Significant

Water meter will be installed at main intake to record water consumption.

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

Treated waste water shall be reused and reutilized in the process to achieve ZLD.

Yes

5

1

5

Low

Effluent will be diverted to ETP via properly designed channel.

No

5

1

5

Low

Plant will be shut down.

No

No

4.2

Operation of DM Plant

Acidic and alkaline waste water

N

No

4.3

Raw water intake from GWIL reservoir

Consumption of water (surface)

N

Yes

Zero Liquid Discharge

N

Yes

Spillage of HW/effluent

AN

No

Untreated effluent generation due to abnormal operation/ breakdown of RO & MEE

AN

No

4.4

Operation of ETP, RO, MEE

4.5

Storm water management

Mixing of contamination form Process, coal storage, chemical & fuel storage and handling area, effluent treatment plant and salt yard with storm water

4.6

Equipment maintenance

Generation of waste/used oil and lubricants

N

4.7

Analysis in laboratory

Waste water generation

N

AN

• • (+ve) •

•

3

1

3

Low

All Process, chemical fuel storage and handling area will have proper bunds so that contaminated run-off cannot meet the stormwater drainage. Separate drainage will be provided for storm water and effluent water.

•

2

3

6

Low

Effluent will be diverted to ETP via properly designed channel.

No

•

1

3

3

Negligible

--

No

•

Note: Scoring is not done for those impacting activities, where the mitigation measure of the arising aspect requires to meet/comply with the Legal Requirement (i.e. NOC/CTO).

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

LAND ENVIRONMENT

Based on the identified aspects from project activities, impact scores and operational controls / mitigation measures on land environment are tabulated in Table 4-18. Potential impacts on land use, land cover and soil due to deposition of air pollutants, leakages of waste water & solid hazardous waste are described in this section. 4.5.1

Site Preparation

Based on mutually agreed terms and conditions, land was acquired from various land owners. Currently the plot is in ownership of KCIL same is provided in Annexure 3. Removal of Top Soil & Land Clearance  

Change in the land use, currently from barren (scrub land) to industrial use is envisaged; Debris will be generated due to excavation and paving.

4.5.2    

Operation Phase

Soil contamination is envisaged due to deposition of SPM, SO2, HCl, HCl, HC in adjoining plots; Excess generation of hazardous and other solid wastes; Generation of scraps, used spares, cotton waste, hand gloves etc.; Soil Contamination due to Leakage of chemicals, fuel, raw material and waste water & sewage.

4.5.3

Mitigation Measure

Generated hazardous wastes during project operation will be transported to an authorized Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility (TSDF) site and sent for incineration. Storage areas for hazardous waste, fuel & raw material will be impervious and will be designed to prevent Leachate penetration. Secured Landfill Facility will be provided to store Brine sludge within plant premises. Consequently impacts on land / soil will be negligible.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4-18: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Land Environment

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3

1

Project Design

1.1

Design & selection of technology, reactors/ equipment / site layouts, etc.

2

Project Construction

A

Pre-Construction

2.A.1

Removal of site vegetation like herbs, shrubs and grasses (except trees)

B

Construction

N / AN / E

S No.

Impact on Legal

LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

Non-compliance of Environmental standards due to allotment of improper Hazardous waste storage area.

AN

No

•

Change in Landuse from Scrub to Industrial Use

N

No

•

2.B.1

Excavation and paving of site, Movement of JCBs, other machinery, workers / labors etc.

Generation of Debris

N

No

2.B.2

Heavy fabrication work for erecting major plant equipment including operation of equipment like crane, concrete mixtures, vibrators etc.

Generation of Scraps

N

No

2.B.3

Influx of Construction Workers

Sewage Sludge Generation

N

No

C

Commissioning

2.C.1

Startup and shutdown activities like operation of various equipments in Chlor-Alkali, reactors in synthetic organic units, inorganic plants and Captive Power Plant.

3

Project Operation

A

Chlorine liquefaction, Storage, Filling & Dispatch

3.A.1

3.A.2

Brine preparation-resaturation, dechlorination, etc.

•

•

Impact Scoring MSW

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C10

C11

C12

C13

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C14

C15

C16

No

5

1

5

Low

Properly designed storage area for hazardous waste with adequate capacity will be ensured. Prior permissions for TSDF will be taken and prior agreements with authorized vendors shall be made.

2

5

10

Moderate

Only scrubs will be removed. Top soil removed will be used for green belt development.

No

•

2

5

10

Moderate

Debris will be used for green belt development.

No

•

2

5

10

Moderate

Scraps will be handles as per rules and sold to authorized vendors

No

2

5

10

Moderate

Proper disposal of sewage sludge will be carried out as per rules.

No

No

•

•

•

Contamination of Soil due to deposition of HCl, Cl2 & HC

AN

No

•

4

1

4

Low

SOP’s will be followed during start up. Based on APCM, HCl, Cl2 & HC shall remain well within the CPCB standards. Compensation will be given to affected person.

Contamination of Soil due to leakage of chemicals, fuel and generation of waste water

AN

No

•

4

2

8

Moderate

Paved Flooring shall be made near storage tanks.

No

Generation of discarded packing materials

N

No

•

2

5

10

Moderate

Packing material will be given to competent authority/registered vendors

No

Brine sludge disposal

N

Yes

•

--

--

--

Significant

Brine sludge will be disposed off to landfill facility within the premises as per prescribed guidelines

Yes

Soil contamination due to spillage of Brine Sludge during transportation at SLF

AN

•

2

3

6

Low

SOP’s will be followed for proper transportation

No

Cl2 release

E

•

5

1

5

Low

Emergency plan and SOP’s will be followed and proper engineering control measures will be adopted

No

Electrolysis Process

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LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

MSW

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

•

5

AN

•

Contamination of Soil due to deposition of unabsorbed Chlorine & HCl emissions

AN

•

Process Waste as Spent Alumina

N

No

Contamination of Soil due to deposition of HCl & Cl2

N

No

Process Waste

N

No

Contamination of Soil due to deposition of HCl & Cl2

N

No

Generation of Process waste and other hazardous wastes like distillation residue.

N

Yes

Contamination of Soil due to deposition of PM & SO2

N

No

Leakages in HSD tank

AN

No

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3

3.A.3

Loading of Chlorine tonners

Cl2 leakage due to valve failure and tonner leakage

E

B

HCl Plant

3.B.1

Scrubbing of HCl vapors

Contamination of Soil due to deposition of HCl

C

Hypo Plant

3.C.1

Absorption of Chlorine in Hypo Tower

D

H2O2 Plant

3.D.1

Operation of Hydrogen Peroxide unit

E

Anhydrous Aluminium Chloride, PAC, & Calcium Chloride Plants

F

3.F.1

Operation of Inorganic unit

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C13

C14

C15

C16

1

5

Low

Emergency plans and SOP’s will be made and followed

No

5

2

10

Moderate

Scrubbers will be provided to control the emission of HCl within norms. SOP’s will be followed.

No

5

2

10

Moderate

Scrubbers will be provided to control the emission of Cl2. SOP’s will be followed.

No

2

5

10

Moderate

Shall be sent to recyclers.

No

1

5

5

Low

SOP’s will be followed. Based on APCM, HCl & Cl2 shall remain well within the CPCB standards.

No

1

5

5

Low

Process waste shall be sold to stabilizers / agriculture.

No

1

5

5

Low

SOP’s will be followed. Based on APCM, PM & SO2 shall remain well within the CPCB standards.

No

--

--

--

Significant

Process sludge, Distillation Residue shall be sent for incineration.

Yes

•

1

5

5

Low

SOP’s will be followed. Based on APCM, PM & SO2 shall remain well within the CPCB standards.

No

•

4

1

4

Low

Dyke wall with proper flooring shall be made.

No

Yes

•

• •

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products.

Operation of Organic unit

G

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant

3.G.1

Operation of Coal fired boilers & Turbines

4

General & Utilities

4.1

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc. & Floor Washing.

4.2

Storage of fuel, Class A Solvents, Raw material, Finished products and Hazardous waste handling

4.3

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Impact Scoring

Legal

S No.

3.E.1

Impact on

N / AN / E

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

Operation of ETP, RO, MEE

•

•

Generation of Used/spent oil, waste/residue containing oil, contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags

N

Yes

•

Generation of discarded container, drums, packing material etc.

N

Yes

•

Sludge Generation

N

Yes

•

Contamination of Soil due to spillage of HW/effluent

AN

No

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

•

•

--

--

--

Significant

Used/spent oil will be sold to GPCB authorized Recyclers, Waste/residue containing oil disposed off to CHWIF. Contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags shall be sold to authorized vendors.

--

--

--

Significant

Discarded container, drums, packing material etc. shall be decontaminated and sold to authorized vendors.

Yes

--

--

--

Significant

Sludge will be collected, stored and disposed to TSDF facility as per HW rules amended till date.

Yes

4

2

8

Moderate

Dyke wall with proper flooring shall be made. SOP’s will be followed.

No

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S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3 Generation of waste/used oil and lubricants

4.4

4.5

Equipment maintenance

Analysis in laboratory

Impact on Legal

LU / LC

Soil

HW

ISW

MSW

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

N

Yes

--

--

Generation of scraps, used spares, cotton waste, hand gloves etc.

N

Yes

Generation of Broken Glassware

AN

No

•

•

•

4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Impact Scoring

N / AN / E

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C13

C14

C15

C16

--

Significant

Used/spent oil will be sold to GPCB authorized Recyclers.

Yes

Yes

No

--

--

--

Significant

Scraps, used spares, cotton waste, contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags shall be sold to authorized vendors.

3

2

6

Low

Collected, stored and disposed as per HW rules amended till date.

Note: Scoring is not done for those impacting activities, where the mitigation measure of the arising aspect requires to meet/comply with the Legal Requirement (i.e. NOC/CTO).

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4.6

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY

Identification of Impact Zone Though the concentrations of the emitted pollutants will be kept within permissible levels through the various engineering controls, it is essential to have eco-management in the Likely Impact Zone (LIZ) for safeguard and enhanced of ecological environment of the project area. Assuming LIZ of 2.0 kilometer (maximum) around the project site. Accordingly, 2 localities i.e. Varsana and Padana village water bodies / ponds and other habitats (scrub vegetation, open vegetation, crop / fallow land) and associated biodiversity are falling in the LIZ area. Determination of Ecological Components Likely Impacted Ecological components, as tabulated in Table 4-19, are determined which may face likely impacts in different phases due to various project activities.

Table 4-19: Activity-Aspect Based Determination of Impacting Ecological Components S. No.

Activity

Aspect

Ecological Components TFL

TFA

AFL

AFA

MFL

MFN

--

--

--

--

--

√

--

--

--

--

1. Pre- Construction Phase 1.1

Site preparation

Removal of top soil and vegetation

√

2. Construction Phase 2.1

Movement of Earth movers and other vehicles

3.1

Electrolysis Process

Cl2 release

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.2

Liquefaction, Storage, Bottling & Vaporization of Chlorine

Leakage of Chlorine

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.3

Chlorine supply through pipeline to nearby industries

Leakage of Chlorine

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.4

Transportation of Chlorine within plant through pipeline

Leakage of Chlorine

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.5

Storing Cl2 in bullets

Bullet failure due to natural calamities or sabotage

√

--

--

--

--

--

Generation of noise

--

3. Project operation Phase

3.6

Scrubbing of HCl vapors

Emission of HCl

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.7

Absorption of Chlorine in Hypo Tower

Escape of unabsorbed Chlorine

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.8

Operation of Molten Heater

Release of SPM

√

--

--

--

--

--

3.9

Operation of Organic and inorganic unit

Emission of HCL

√

--

--

--

--

--

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

S. No.

Activity

Aspect Emission of Coal dust,

3.10

Handling and crushing of coal at captive power plant

Ecological Components TFL

TFA

AFL

AFA

MFL

MFN

√

--

--

--

--

--

PM, SO2, NOx and Fly Ash generation 4. General Utilities

4.1

4.2

Vehicular movement for transportation of raw material, finished goods and industrial waste

Generation of SPM and emission of HC & CO.

√

--

--

--

--

--

Storm water management

Mixing of contamination form Process, chemical fuel storage and handling area, effluent treatment plant and salt yard with storm water

√

√

--

--

--

--

Based on the identified aspects from project activities, impact scores and operational controls / mitigation measures on ecology and biodiversity environment are tabulated in Table 4-20. Biodiversity Appraisal – Conclusion Proposed project site is located in the barren land and does not support any species of conservation significance and also not forms critical habitat. All flora and fauna species reported are common component of the buffer zone. So, removal of these common floral species from core zone will not result in the loss of floral diversity in true sense and will not have significant / permanent impact on the species diversity and habitat structure of associated faunal diversity. However, buffer zone area encompasses some Schedule-I species, so conservation plan have been prepared for biodiversity improvement of the area. Flora and fauna components will not get affected in normal function of the project and its associated activities by implementation of proper safety measures and control devices. Considering cumulative impacts due to other adjacent industries, strict implementation of EMP / mitigation measures are required to ensure that the biodiversity of the study area is not impacted negatively.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4-20: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Ecology & Biodiversity Impact Scoring

S. No.

Project Aspect Description

Likely Impacts on Ecology and Biodiversity (EB)

Impact Consequence - Probability Description / Justification

Legal

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

Site specific loss of common floral diversity

Site possesses common floral species; clearing of same will not result in loss of flora in true sense. This will be site specific impact.

Site specific loss of associated faunal diversity

Faunal species reported from site are common / generalist species which uses wide variety of habitats of the local environment so there is no threat of loss of faunal diversity.

Site specific loss of habitat / habitat diversity

Project site forms common habitat structure which is very common component of the buffer zone habitats.

Site specific disturbance to faunal species

Species reported from project site and buffer zone are common / generalist species of the local environment and not very sensitive to the routine activities of the urban and peri-urban area, so there will be no threat of facing disturbance. However, its site specific and temporary impact.

Impact on surrounding vegetation and associated biodiversity.

Though the emission levels of all pollutants will be kept within permissible limits, considering cumulative impact, minor short term impacts are expected on surrounding flora and associated fauna which may be resilient. In case of leakage proper Disaster management plan has been prepared by the company and immediate action will be taken

Impact on surrounding vegetation and associated biodiversity.

Though the emission levels of emitted pollutants will kept within permissible limits, considering cumulative impact, minor short term impacts are expected on surrounding habitats and associated biodiversity which may be resilient.

No

2

5

Contamination of surrounding water bodies and associated aquatic biodiversity.

A proposed plant is zero liquid discharge basis so no waste water will be discharged. Also, all the potential contaminant (solid and liquid) will be stored in closed area, so that rain water / storm water will not get contaminated.

No

1

5

Significance / Consequence

Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C9

C10

C11

Moderate

Operation subject to periodic monitoring / surveillance. However, greenbelt / plantation will be developed in project site and in periphery of the project boundary, which will improve floral and faunal diversity of the project area.

No

Low

Operation subject to periodic monitoring / surveillance. However, all species reported from project site are common and well adapted to the routine urban activities, so they will not face significant impact on their normal movements.

No

Significant

Operation subject to management by operational controls. Emission levels of all pollutants will be kept within permissible levels through various engineering control measures. However, green belt development with suitable species will help to mitigate likely cumulative impacts.

Yes

10

Moderate

Operation subject to management by operational controls. Emission levels of all pollutants will be kept within permissible levels through various engineering control measures.

No

5

Low

Operation subject to periodic monitoring / surveillance.

No

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C6

C7

C8

1. Pre- Construction Phase

1.1

Removal of site vegetation like herbs, shrubs and grasses (except trees)

No

2

5

10

2. Construction Phase

2.1

Noise generation due to movement of JCBs, other machinery, Heavy fabrication work & Vehicular Movement

No

1

5

5

3. Project operation Phase

3.1

3.2

Emission of HCl, Cl2, HC from Process stacks due to operation of reactors & Emission of SPM, SO2 & NOx from Power plant & DG sets. Noise Generation (due to operation of boilers, generators, heat exchangers, reactors, compressors, pumps, blowers)

Yes

--

--

--

4. General Utilities

4.1

Generation of SPM and emission of HC & CO due to vehicular movement

4.3

Mixing of contamination form Process, chemical fuel storage and handling area, effluent treatment plant and salt yard with storm water

4.4

During rainy season, overflow of plant drains merging with storm water drain.

Note: Scoring is not done for those impacting activities, where the mitigation measure of the arising aspect requires to meet/comply with the Legal Requirement (i.e. NOC/CTO).

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

RESOURCE DEPLETION

Based on the identified aspects from project activities, impact scores and operational controls / mitigation measures on resource depletion are tabulated in Table 4-21.

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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4-21: Impact Scoring and Mitigation Measures for Resource Depletion N / AN / E

Impact Scoring Legal

Severity, S

Probability, P

Final Score, SxP

C4

C5

C11

C12

Non-compliance of Environmental standards due to failure in designs of equipments causing High Energy Consumption.

AN

No

4

Loss of resource in rainy season.

N

No

Fire

E

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc. & Floor Washing.

Leakages in HSD tank

Raw water intake from GWIL reservoir

Excess Consumption of water (surface)

S No.

Project Activity

Identified Aspect

C1

C2

C3

1

Project Design

1.1

Design & selection of reactors/ equipment / site layouts, etc.

2

Project Operation

A

Chlorine liquefaction, Storage, Filling & Dispatch

2.A.1

Procurement of Salt

B

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant

2.B.1

Coal storage and stock pilling

3

General & Utilities

3.1 3.2

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Significance / Consequence

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

EMP Required

C13

C14

C15

C16

2

8

Moderate

Approved energy efficient equipments shall be designed and procured.

No

5

2

10

Moderate

Proper Dykes to be made for Salt Storage

No

No

5

2

10

Moderate

Fire hydrant line to be provided in Coal Storage yard. Proper Dykes to be made for Coal Storage

No

AN

No

5

2

10

Moderate

Proper Dykes to be made for Fuel & Solvent Storage

No

N

No

5

1

5

Moderate

Water meter to be provided

No

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5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1

Site Alternative

5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Various locations were considered for selecting the project site. Site selection criteria are as shown in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1: Alternative Site Selection Criteria Criteria

Locations Dahej

Bhavnagar

Vadodara

Hazira

Kutch

Land Availability

 (High rates)

 (Low rates)

 (V.High rates)

 (V.High rates)

 (Moderate)

Water Availability



×







Raw Material Availability (Mainly Salt)

 (~ 5 Km)

 (~ 8 Km)

×

×

(~ 350 Km)

(~120 Km)

 (~15 Km)

Availability of Coal

 (Adani Port)

×

×

 (Adani Port)

 (Kandla Port)

Infrastructure available



×







TSDF Site in Vicinity

×

×

 (NECL)

×

 (SEPPL)

Industries with Similar Products

 (GACL,MFL,GF L,Rilance)

 (Nirma)

 (GACL)

×

×

Population within 3 Km

Low (~ 1,350)

Low (~ 800)

High (~12,500)

Medium (~3,500)

Medium (~3,000)

Existing Pollution Levels (CEPI Scores10)

NA

70.99 (13.01.10)

66.91 (13.01.10)

57.90 (13.01.10)

NA

Project site at Gandhidham has been selected keeping in view the following locational benefits:   

Required huge land was available which is adjacent to existing unit; Existing unit consumes about 225 MT of Chlorine; Chlorine gas can be supplied through pipeline across the wall for the existing operation. Thus, transportation of hazardous chemical is avoided. Hydrogen shall be utilized in nearby Vegetable Oil Industries. Caustic soda shall be utilized in nearby Detergent Industries.

 

1 10

As per Office Memorandum, J-11013/5/2010-IA.II(I), Government of India, Ministry of Enivornment & Forest dated 13th January, 2010.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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   

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5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Site’s proximity with Kandla port (14 Km) and Mundra Port (55 Km), which will give logistic benefit for import of coal and also export of finished products. Major raw material, Common Salt is available in plenty within a radius of 50 Km from the proposed site. Ahmedabad – Gandhinagar National Highway- 8A is at 500 m from the proposed site. There is no Caustic-Chlorine unit in nearby area.

Project will generate employment in the region.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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6

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Based on the identified aspects from the proposed activities on air, noise, water, land, ecology and biodiversity and socio-economic environment, scoring were done based on its severity and probability as discussed in Chapter 4. Thus, monitoring program is required for each environment based on its consequence. The preliminary budgetary monitoring plans are as discussed in this chapter. These EMPs are based on the technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures (incl. Measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget & procurement schedules). Main objective of environmental monitoring program is to:  Measure effectiveness of operational procedures;  Confirm statutory and mandatory compliance;  Identify unexpected changes.

6.1

AIR ENVIRONMENT

Budgetary environment monitoring plan for air environment is given in Table 6-1. Traffic Management Plan is given in Table 6-2.

6.2

NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Budgetary environment monitoring plan for noise environment is given in Table 6-3.

6.3

WATER ENVIRONMENT

Budgetary environment monitoring plan for water environment is given in Table 6-4.

6.4

LAND ENVIRONMENT

Budgetary environment monitoring plan for land environment is given in Table 6-5.

6.5

ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY

Budgetary environment monitoring plan for ecology and biodiversity is given in Table 6-6.

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Table 6-1: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Air Environment Implementation and Management Impacting Activity

Mitigation Measures

C1

C2

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure - (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

Remark

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

Continuous

Suitable locations within plant

Section Incharge of Caustic Chlorine Unit

SOP's will be followed during emergency. Mandatory inspection of each equipment shall be done as per the requirements.

0.35

0.035

--

--

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C3

C4

Cl2

Online Sensors

Chlorine liquefaction, storage, filling & dispatch

Liquefaction, storage, bottling & vaporization of chlorine. Brine Preparation, resaturation, dechlorination, etc.

Cl2 & HCl Detectors will be placed at suitable locations. Vacuum system will be in place to capture Cl2 and transferred to Hypo plant for Caustic scrubbing. SOP's will be followed during emergency. Mandatory inspection of each equipment shall be done as per the requirements. Regular work place monitoring will be carried out.

HCl & Cl2 in ambient air

HCl - IS: 11255 (Part – I): 1985

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Third Party

Twice in a Month

3 Locations (2 Downwind & 1 Upwind)

Third Party

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255.

Daily

HCl unit stack vent.

Operator of HCl Synthesis plant

HCl in ambient air.

HCl - IS: 11255 (Part – I): 1985

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Third Party

HCl & Cl2 in stack.

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255.

Daily

Hypo Stack Vent

Operator of Hypo plant

Continuous

On stack attached with scrubber.

Plant Incharge

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Third Party

H2O2 stack vent.

Operator of H2O2 plant

Cl2 - IS: 5182 (Part – XIX): 1982 HCl - IS: 11255 (Part – I): 1985

HCl & Cl2 within plant premise

Cl2 - IS: 5182 (Part – XIX): 1982

During operation phase - Phase wise

Capital Cost: HCl & Cl2 sensors. Recurring cost: Maintaining the sensors and cost of third party for carrying out monitoring.

0.015

HCl Plant

Scrubbing of HCl vapors

3 Stage Caustic Scrubbing System will be provided. Adequate stack height of 30 m will be provided.

HCl in stack.

Plant load will be lowered

1

0.05

During operation phase - Phase wise

Capital Cost: Cost of stacks. Recurring cost: Caustic consumption, maintaining the scrubber, machineries etc.

Hypo Plant

Absorption of Chlorine in Hypo Tower

Scrubbers will be provided having 30 m stack height.

HCl & Cl2 in stack.

HCl & Cl2 in Ambient air.

CEMS (Sensors) HCl - IS: 11255 (Part – I): 1985 Cl2 - IS: 5182 (Part – XIX): 1982

Capital Cost: Cost of stacks & CEMS. Plant load will be lowered

2.5

5

During operation phase - Phase wise

Recurring cost: Caustic consumption, maintaining the scrubber, machineries etc.

H2O2 Plant

Operation of Hydrogen Peroxide unit

Activated Carbon Adsorption System will be provided. Adequate stack height of 32 m will be provided.

HC in stack.

HC in ambient air.

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255.

HC - IS 5182 (Part 21)

Daily

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Plant load will be lowered Third Party

1.5

0.5

During operation phase - Phase wise

Capital Cost: Cost of stacks. Recurring cost: Activated carbon consumption, maintaining the scrubber, machineries etc.

Anhydrous Aluminium Chloride, PAC, & Calcium Chloride Plants

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Implementation and Management Impacting Activity

Mitigation Measures

C1

C2

Operation of Inorganic unit

Alkali Ventury Scrubber will be provided. Adequate stack height will be provided.

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure - (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

Remark

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

Daily

AAC, PAC & Calcium Chloride Plant Stack Vent

Operator of AAC, PAC & Calcium Chloride plant

During operation phase

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Third Party

Capital Cost: Cost of stacks. Recurring cost: Caustic consumption, maintaining the scrubber, machineries etc.

Daily

PAP, Hydrogenated and Chlorinated Products Stack Vent

Operator of Organic Units During operation phase

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Third Party

Capital Cost: Cost of stacks. Recurring cost: Caustic consumption, maintaining the scrubber, machineries etc.

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255.

Daily

Stack attached to Boilers

Power Plant Manager

Online PM, SO2 & NOx

Continuous

Stack attached to Boilers

Power Plant Manager

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C3

C4

HCl & Cl2 in stack.

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255.

HCl & Cl2 in Ambient air.

HCl - IS: 11255 (Part – I): 1985 Cl2 - IS: 5182 (Part – XIX): 1982

Plant load will be lowered

1

0.15

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products

Operation of Organic unit

Water, Alkali Ventury Scrubbers will be provided. Adequate stack height will be provided.

HCl & Cl2 in stack.

HCl & Cl2 in Ambient air.

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255. HCl - IS: 11255 (Part – I): 1985 Cl2 - IS: 5182 (Part – XIX): 1982

Plant load will be lowered

2

0.5

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant

PM, SO2, NOx in stack.

Operation of Coal fired boilers & Turbines

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed. Stack height of 105 m will be provided for proper dispersion. Online meter for PM, SO2 & NOx will be provided. Ash Handling and Management plan will be prepared and followed.

Capital Cost: Cost of

PM10 - Gravimetric IS: 5182 PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx in ambient air and within plant premise

Twice in a Month

At Varsana & Padana Villages and 3 locations within plant premise (2 Downwind & 1 Upwind)

Third Party

(Part 23) 2006. PM2.5 - Gravimetric IS: 5182. SO2 - Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part II) 2001. NOx - Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part VI) 2006.

Fly Ash

RG1 Register

Daily

Weigh bridge browser.

Power Plant Manager

Plant load will be lowered

7

1

During operation phase - Phase wise

Stack, APC like ESP, online monitoring system. Recurring Cost: Cost of maintaining the same and cost of ash handling.

General & Utilities Vehicular movement for transportation of raw materials, finished goods, Industrial Waste.

PUCC Certified vehicles will be used. Traffic management will be ensured

PUCC Certificate

To ensure Valid PUCC certificate.

If considerable emissions observed during operations.

With Drivers at main gate

Security Officer

Vehicles without PUC certificates will not be used.

--

--

During construction and operation phase.

--

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower,

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed. Adequate Stack height of 15 m will

PM, SO2, NOx in stack.

Stack monitoring by Isokinetic sampling IS: 11255.

Once in a month

DG Set stack

Third Party

System Load shall be reduced.

0.75

0.015

During operation phase

Capital Cost: Cost of Stacks. Recurring Cost:

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Implementation and Management Impacting Activity

Mitigation Measures

C1

C2

Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc.

be provided for DG sets for proper dispersion.

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C3

C4

C5

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure - (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

PM2.5 - Gravimetric IS: 5182. SO2 - Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part II) 2001.

C12 Cost of maintaining the same.

PM10 - Gravimetric IS: 5182 (Part 23) 2006. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx in ambient air and within plant premise

Remark

Once a Season (Excluding rainy season)

At Varsana & Padana Villages

Third Party

NOx - Colorimetric IS: 5182: (Part VI) 2006.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Capital Cost (in Crores)

16.1

During Commissioning Phase

Recurring Cost (in Crores)

7.265

During Operation Phase

Total Cost for EMP (in Crores)

23.365

--

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Table 6-2: Traffic Management Plan Objective

To ensure that there is smooth traffic both within and outside the facility for the duration of the construction phase and operation phase

Benefit of EMP

Smooth and congestion free traffic operation Implementation and Management

Impacting Activity

Mitigation Measures

C1

Movement of vehicles throughout the construction phase and operational phase

Remark

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

Location

Reporting Schedule/Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

Controlled vehicular movement (preferably with clearly demarcated entry / exit) with adequate supervision

Records of No. of tankers entering and exiting the site.

Manual

Throughout construction and operation phase

Main Gate

Security In charge

Route for safe exit will be in place.

--

Segregation of vehicular and pedestrian area

--

--

Throughout construction and operation phase

--

Security In charge

Route for safe exit will be in place.

--

Vehicle entry and exit scheduling so that traffic congestion is not created on the public road leading to the site.

--

--

Throughout construction and operation phase

--

Security In charge

Route for safe exit will be in place.

--

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Table 6-3: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Noise Environment Implementation and Management Impacting Activity

Mitigation Measures

C1

C2

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C3

C4

C5

ISLM 100

Once during startup

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure - (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

Remark

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

All plants

Plant Incharge & Third Party/Contractor

Regular Maintenance of equipment to be done.

-

-

During startup phase and operation phase

Ear plugs to be worn by workers at all times.

Contractor / Third Party

Regular Maintenance of equipment to be done.

Contractor / Third Party

Regular Maintenance of equipment to be done.

Commissioning

Startup and shutdown activities like operation of various equipments in Chlor-Alkali, reactors in synthetic organic units, inorganic plants and Captive Power Plant.

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed during startup. Acoustic enclosures will be builtin with equipment by technology provider. PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured.

Noise Levels

Captive Co-Generation Power Plant

Operation of Coal fired boilers & Turbines

PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured. No operators shall be allowed to do two continuous shifts.

Noise Levels

ISLM 100

Once a Month

Plant Area

Capital Cost: Installation 0.7

0.15

During operation phase - Phase wise

of acoustic enclosures.

Recurring Cost: Monitoring cost of regular Noise measurements.

General & Utilities

Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc.

SOP's, OCP and OEP will be followed during startup. Acoustic enclosures will be builtin with equipment by technology provider. PPE like Ear Plugs & ear muffs will be provided and its use shall be ensured.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Noise Levels

ISLM 100

Once a Month

Utilities Area (2 locations within plant)

Capital Cost: Installation 0.1

0.05

During operation phase

of acoustic enclosures.

Recurring Cost: Monitoring cost of regular Noise measurements.

Capital Cost (in Crores)

0.8

During Commissioning phase.

Recurring Cost (in Crores)

0.2

During Operation phase.

Total Cost for EMP (in Crores)

1

--

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Table 6-4: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Water Environment Implementation and Management Project Activity

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

C1

C2

Influx of construction workers

Generated Sewage will be diverted to ETP for further treatment.

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C3

C4

C5

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

Remark

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

0.01

During Construction Phase

4.5

During operation phase - Phase wise

Construction

Capital cost: Sanitary Facility --

--

--

--

--

--

0.05

Twice in a shift

Neutralization Tank

Section Incharge of Cl2 Unit

Dosing will be done properly.

13

ETP inlet, ETP outlet, RO Outlet, MEE Outlet.

Operator of Organic Units

OEP & OCP will be followed

1.5

Utility Incharge

Dyke walls will be provided and leakages shall be pumped back in spare tank

Utility Incharge

Plant load will be lowered

ETP & Laboratory Incharge

Collection and divert for reprocess.

(Soak pit & Septic Tanks). Recurring cost: Regular cleaning of the same to avoid over flow.

Chlorine liquefaction, storage, filling & dispatch Brine preparation-resaturation, dechlorination, etc.

Effluent will be recycled and reused after treatment in ETP 1 in which pH will be adjusted and further treated in RO & MEE.

pH, TSS, TDS.

Manual

Capital Cost: RO & MEE. Recurring cost: Maintenance cost to run RO & MEE.

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products.

Operation of Organic unit

Effluent will be recycled and reused after giving treatment in ETP-1, RO & MEE & ATFD.

pH, COD, TDS.

Manual

Twice in a shift

2.5

During operation phase

Capital Cost: ETP-1 & ATFD. Recurring cost: Maintenance cost to run ETP-1 & ATFD.

General & Utilities Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc. & Floor Washing

Effluent will be diverted to ETP-2 via properly designed channel.

Raw water intake from GWIL reservoir

Water meter will be installed at main intake to record water consumption.

Operation of ETP, RO & MEE.

Treated waste water shall be reused and reutilized in the process to achieve ZLD.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

pH, COD, TDS.

Flow / Quantity

COD, pH, TSS, TDS.

Manual

Water Meter

Manual

Twice in a shift

Various locations in Utility Section

Continuous

Main intake line

Daily

At System Outlet which is recycled back in process

0.5

0.005

0.05

During operation phase

-

During operation phase

0.04

During operation phase

Capital Cost: ETP-2 & Dyke walls. Recurring cost: Maintenance cost to run ETP-2 & regular cleaning of dykes.

Capital Cost: Water meter. Capital Cost: Diversion lines,

0.055

separate storm water lines and effluent lines. Recurring cost: Laboratory / Third party charges.

Capital Cost (in Crores)

15.11

During Commissioning phase.

Recurring Cost (in Crores)

7.1

During Operation phase.

Total Cost for EMP (in Crores)

22.21

--

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Table 6-5: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Land Environment Implementation and Management Project Activity

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

C1

C2

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure - (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

Remark

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

Daily

RVDF & SLF Area

Section Incharge of Caustic Chlorine Unit

Plant Load will be lowered.

10

1

During operation phase - Phase wise

Capital Cost: Cost of SLF. Recurring cost: Maintenance

Operator of Organic Units

Plant Load will be lowered.

--

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C3

C4

Quantity of brine sludge

Number of tractors / trolleys / trucks

Chlorine liquefaction, Storage, Filling & Dispatch Brine preparationresaturation, dechlorination, etc.

Brine sludge will be disposed off to landfill facility within the premises as per prescribed guidelines

cost of SLF.

Synthetic Organic Units (Para Amino Phenol, Hydrogenated & Chlorinated products. Operation of Organic Units

Process sludge, Distillation Residue shall be sent for incineration.

Quantity of Process Sludge and Distillation Residue

Number of tractors / trolleys / trucks

Daily

Organic Plant Area

--

During operation phase

Costs included in next Row.

General & Utilities Operation of other utilities like DG Sets, Cooling Tower, Compressor, Pumps, Blowers etc. & Floor Washing.

Used/spent oil will be sold to GPCB authorized Recyclers, Waste/residue containing oil disposed off to CHWIF. Contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags shall be sold to authorized vendors.

Storage of fuel, Class A Solvents, Raw material, Finished products and Hazardous waste handling

Discarded container, drums, packing material etc. shall be decontaminated and sold to authorized vendors.

Operation of ETP, RO, MEE

Sludge will be collected, stored and disposed to TSDF facility as per HW rules amended till date.

Records of trucks carrying HW.

Number of trucks: Manually. Weight of truck: Weight stand.

During dispatch

Main Gate

Utility and Security Incharge.

Storage for atleast 45 days is provided.

Capital Cost: Storage facility. Recurring Cost: Membership 1.5

0.05

During operation phase

fees for disposing of HW to TSDF and Incineration facility, handling HW and maintaining the storage facility.

Used/spent oil will be sold to GPCB authorized Recyclers. Equipment maintenance

Scraps, used spares, cotton waste, contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags shall be sold to authorized vendors.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Capital Cost (in Crores)

11.5

During Commissioning phase.

Recurring Cost (in Crores)

1.05

During Operation phase.

Total Cost for EMP (in Crores)

12.55

--

170

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Table 6-6: Budgetary Environment Monitoring Plan for Ecology and Biodiversity Implementation and Management Project Activity

Operation Controls / Mitigation Measures

C1

Location

Reporting Schedule / Responsibility

Emergency Procedure

Budget for Mitigation Measure - (in Crores)

Approximate Recurring Cost – (in Crores)

Procurement Schedule

Remark

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

During start of construction phase

Within plant premises and around Likely Impact Zone

HR Manager

Minimum of 33% Green belt shall be maintained.

0.015

During Construction & Operation phase

Data Analysis

Measurement Methodology

Frequency

C2

C3

C4

Green belt development with suitable species will help to mitigate likely cumulative impacts and avoid depositions of HCl, Cl2, SPM & SO2 on nearby scrubs on barren land.

Tree plantation Counts

Manual

Project Operation Operation of Caustic Chlorine plant, Power Plant, Inorganic units, Organic Units and operation of other utilities like heat exchangers, reactors, compressors, pumps, blowers

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

0.0625

Capital cost: Cost for saplings in and around project site.

Recurring Cost: Maintenance of Greenbelt

Capital Cost (in Crores)

0.0625

During Commissioning phase.

Recurring Cost (in Crores)

0.015

During Operation phase.

Total Cost for EMP (in Crores)

0.0775

--

171

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6.6

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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT COST

Total cost of the project is ~ INR 1,000 Crore. Expenditure to be incurred by KCIL on environmental monitoring and management shall include capital cost of ~ INR 43.57 Crore and ~ INR 15.63 Crore recurring cost (annually) as tabulated in Table 6-7.

Table 6-7: Environmental Monitoring and Management Cost S No.

Head

Approximate Capital cost (INR in Crores)

Approximate Recurring cost per Annum (INR in Crores)

Basis for Cost Estimates

Capital cost: Installation of ESP, Scrubbers and Stacks of various heights, Online sensors, VOC meter etc.

Recurring cost: Annual Cost for 1

Air Pollution Control & Monitoring

3

Noise Pollution Control

16.1

7.265

repairs / maintenance of all APC equipment, monitoring of AAQM at the project site for parameters as per CCA & at Varsana & Padana Villages by hiring third party and payment of various statutory fees to regulatory agencies.

Capital cost: Installation of acoustic 0.8

0.2

enclosures by technology provider.

Recurring cost: Monitoring cost of regular Noise measurements.

Capital cost: Installation of ETPs, RO,

2

Water Pollution Control & monitoring

15.11

7.1

MEE & ATFD including all instruments, tanks, pumps, pipelines, layout of effluent & storm water drains.

Recurring cost: Maintenance cost to run ETP, RO, MEE & ATFD cleanup of drains. Monitoring cost of effluent and waste water.

Capital cost: Cost of SLF & Hazardous 4

Solid and Hazardous waste management

5

Ecology and Biodiversity

waste Storage Facility. 11.5

1.05

Recurring cost: Membership fees for TSDF & Incinerator Facility. Disposal & transportation cost. Capital cost: Cost for saplings in and

0.06

0.02

around project site.

Recurring cost: Maintenance of green belt.

Total Amount in Crores

43.57

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

15.63

172

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Various environmental parameters to be monitored post environmental clearance are tabulated in Table 6-8.

Table 6-8: Post EC Environmental Monitoring Plan S. No.

Environmental Component / Parameter

Frequency of monitoring

Location

1

CEMS Sensors (HCl & Cl2).

Online

On stack attached with hypo scrubber.

Monthly

HCl unit stack vent, Hypo Stack Vent, AAC, PAC & Calcium Chloride Plant Stack Vent, PAP, Hydrogenated and Chlorinated Products Stack Vent.

Online

Boiler Stack.

Monthly

Boiler Stack & DG Set Stacks

2

HCl & Cl2 in stacks

3

PM, SO2, NOx in stack. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, HCl & Cl2 in ambient air.

Twice in a month at site & once in a season at Villages

1) 3 Locations in site

4

WPM for HCl & Cl2.

As per Factories Rules

At 5 locations within site and at Varsana & Padana Village

6

Noise levels

Monthly

Main Plants and Utilities Area

7

Water consumed in various activities and waste water generated from various areas of plants

Daily

Main intake, plantwise water supply line & effluent diversion line to ETPs.

8

Monitoring of wastewater inlet and outlet at ETP plants for the principal parameters (such as pH, SS, TDS, COD).

Daily

Streamwise inlet & outlet of ETPs

9

Surface water samples at nearby area. Parameters are essential parameters as per IS: 10500:2012.

Once in a Season

10

Quantity of Fly Ash Generated

Daily

Ash Silo

11

Quantity of Brine Sludge Generated

Daily

Secured Landfill Site

Soil analysis for EC, pH, permeability and ESP

Pre & post monsoon / in the event of accidental spillage

At Site

5

12

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

2) Varsana Village 3) Padana Village

1) Varsana Village Pond 2) Padana Village Pond

173

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7

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1

RISK ASSESSMENT

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

The risk assessment process is intended to identify existing and probable hazards in all operations and work environment, to quantify the hazards and to access the risk levels of those hazards in order to prioritize those that need an immediate attention. 7.1.1

Scope & Methodology

Scope of the risk assessment covers the storage of all chemicals involved in proposed facilities. Methodology of Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification is detailed in Annexure 15. 7.1.2

Consequence Analysis for Selected Failure Scenario

The project description, and other project related data have been comprehensively reviewed to identify the hazardous Chemicals and information on the hazardous Chemical properties (MSDS) of all the chemicals handled at the site has been reviewed to identify the hazards associated with the same. Their properties are tabulated in Table 7-1. All the raw material and solvents shall be handled and stored at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure.

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174

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Table 7-1: Details of Flammable Raw Materials Main Properties S. No.

Chemical

State

Hazard

1

Hydrogen

Gas

2

Chlorine

3 4

UEL %

Specific Gravity

Vapour Density

IDLH, ppm

0.07

NA

NA

0.5

2.485

NA

10

36

200

0.7915

1.11

NA

7.8

0.5

0.8787

2.8

3000

B.P°C

F.P°C

M.P°C

LEL %

Flammable gas

-252.76

NA

-259.2

4

75

Gas

Toxic Gas

-33.97

NA

-100.97

NA

NA

Methanol

Liquid

Flammable liquid

64.7

11

-97.8

6

Benzene

Liquid

Flammable liquid

80

-11.1

5.5

1.2

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TLV, ppm

175

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Based on the storage of raw material, solvents and fuel used in the proposed project, the following chemical and equipment are identified for the purpose of this consequence analysis study:   

Benzene; Methanol; Chlorine.

Failure scenarios In this study, toxic and flammable hazards are relevant. There is a possibility of failure associated with each mechanical component of the plant (vessels, pipes, pumps or compressors). These are generic failures and can be caused by such mechanisms as corrosion, vibration or external impact (mechanical or overpressure). The range of possible releases for a given component covers a wide spectrum, from a pinhole leak up to a catastrophic rupture (of a vessel) or full bore rupture (of a pipe). For the purpose of QRA in an objective manner, representative failure cases are generated covering both the range of possible releases and their total frequency. Accordingly, the following typical types of failures are considered:   

Minor Leak: 2 mm Medium Leak: 10 mm Tank – Catastrophic Rupture

7.1.3

Consequence Analysis Results

The results of consequence analysis for selected failure scenarios are summarized in Table 7-2 Table 7-5 & Figure 7-1 - Figure 7-14.

Table 7-2: Results of Consequence Analysis for Benzene Chemical (Storage Tank)

Failure Scenario

Consequence

Jet fire 2 mm Leak Late pool fire

Benzene

Jet fire 10 mm leak Late pool fire

Catastrophic Rupture

Late pool fire

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Met Data

Effective Distance in meter to Radiation 4 kW/m2

12.5 kW/m2

37.5 kW/m2

6/B

NR

NR

NR

4/D

NR

NR

NR

5/F

NR

NR

NR

6/B

10.23

7.85

4.82

4/D

10.64

7.74

4.32

5/F

10.81

7.86

4.30

6/B

2.60

NR

NR

4/D

2.80

NR

NR

5/F

2.70

NR

NR

6/B

30.20

21.00

8.12

4/D

31.00

20.50

7.50

5/F

32.00

21.50

7.48

6/B

165.40

62.37

NR

4/D

153.90

62.00

NR

5/F

160.70

62.93

NR

176

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Table 7-3: Results of Consequence Analysis for Methanol Chemical (Storage Tank)

Failure Scenario

Consequence

Met Data

Jet fire 2 mm Leak Late pool fire

Methanol

Jet fire 10 mm leak Late pool fire

Catastrophic Rupture

Late pool fire

Effective Distance in meter to Radiation 4 kW/m2

12.5 kW/m2

37.5 kW/m2

6/B

NR

NR

NR

4/D

NR

NR

NR

5/F

NR

NR

NR

6/B

5.00

4.00

NR

4/D

4.80

3.60

NR

5/F

4.70

3.39

NR

6/B

NR

NR

NR

4/D

NR

NR

NR

5/F

NR

NR

NR

6/B

17.15

11.98

NR

4/D

17.72

12.07

NR

5/F

18.02

12.51

NR

6/B

153.20

108.10

61.23

4/D

151.70

105.30

61.60

5/F

152.80

107.30

61.90

Table 7-4: Toxic Dose Effect Distance for Benzene Chemical (Storage Tank)

Failure Scenario

2 mm Leak

Benzene

10 mm leak

Catastrophic Rupture

Toxic Dose Effect Distance in meter Met Data

ERPG 1 (50 ppm)

ERPG 2 (150 ppm)

ERPG 3 (1,000 ppm)

IDLH (500 ppm)

6/B

12.20

7.63

4.18

5.40

4/D

26.30

13.90

4.23

8.18

5/F

70.90

35.60

6.58

18.72

6/B

43.20

22.00

5.40

12.20

4/D

108.70

55.40

14.60

31.13

5/F

334.30

154.40

28.90

79.20

6/B

344.30

170.60

49.37

116.30

4/D

995.10

397.80

81.98

175.60

5/F

3,112.00

1,16.80

91.00

479.80

Table 7-5: Toxc Dose Effect Distance for Chlorine Chemical (Storage Tank)

Failure Scenario

2 mm Leak Chlorine 10 mm leak

Toxic Dose Effect Distance in meter Met Data

ERPG 2 (3 ppm)

ERPG 3 (20 ppm)

IDLH (10 ppm)

6/B

136.9

57.3

104.6

4/D

369.1

133.6

275.1

5/F

1,119.6

386.7

824.9

6/B

507.6

198.7

382.5

4/D

1,382.7

461.9

1,005.9

5/F

4,266.7

1,318.9

3,061.6

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Figure 7-1: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (2 mm Leak & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-2: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Benzene (2 mm Leak & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-3: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (10 mm Leak & EC 5/F)

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Figure 7-4: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (10 mm Leak & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-5: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Benzene (10 mm Leak & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-6: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Benzene (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 6/B)

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Figure 7-7: Max Conc. - Distance Contour of Benzene (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-8: Late Explosion - Distance Contour of Benzene (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 4/D)

Figure 7-9: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Methanol (2 mm Leak & WC 6/B)

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

180

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Figure 7-10: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Methanol (10 mm Leak & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-11: Late Pool Fire - Distance Contour of Methanol (Catastrophic Rupture & WC 6/B)

Figure 7-12: Late Explosion - Distance Contour of Methanol (Catastrophic rupture & WC 5/F)

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

181

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Figure 7-13: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Chlorine (2 mm leak & WC 5/F)

Figure 7-14: Max. Conc. - Distance Contour of Chlorine (10 mm leak & WC 5/F)

7.2

DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.2.1

About Industrial Activities

Plant Layout Provided in Chapter 2, Section 2.4, Map 2-3, Pg. 20.

Process / Industrial Area Provided in Chapter 2, Section 2.11, Pg. 49. Proposed Manufacturing Methodology Provided in Chapter 2, Section 2.6.1 - 2.6.12, Pg. 25 -45.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

182

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7.2.2

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Onsite Emergency Plan

Objectives of Onsite Emergency Plan A quick and effective response at during an emergency can have tremendous significance on whether the situation is controlled with little loss or it turns into a major emergency. Therefore, purpose an emergency plan is to provide basic guidance to the personnel for effectively combating such situations to minimize loss of life, damage to property and loss of property. An objective of Emergency Planning is to maximize the resource utilization and combined efforts towards emergency operations are as follows. During an Emergency       

To increase thinking accuracy and to reduce thinking time. To localize the emergency and if possible eliminates it. To minimize the effects of accident on people and property. To take correct remedial measures in the quickest time possible to contain the incident and control it with minimum damage. To prevent spreading of the damage in the other sections. To mobilize the internal resources and utilize them in the most effective way To arrange rescue and treatment of causalities.

During Normal Time      

To keep the required emergency equipment in stock at right places and ensure the working condition. To keep the concerned personnel fully trained in the use of emergency equipment. To give immediate warning tooth surrounding localities in case of an emergency situation arising. To mobilize transport and medical treatment of the injured. To get help from the local community and government officials to supplement manpower and resources. To provide information to media & Government agencies, Preserving records, evidence of situation for subsequent emergency etc.

Scope of OSEP This OSEP is prepared for industrial emergencies like fires, explosions, toxic releases, and asphyxia and does not cover natural calamities and societal disturbances related emergencies (like strikes, bomb threats, civil commission’s etc.) Elements of Onsite Emergency Plan The important elements to be considered in plan are       

Emergency organization Emergency Facilities. Roles and Responsibilities of Key Personnel and Essential Employee. Communications during Emergency Emergency Shutdown of Plant & Control of situation. Rescue Transport & Rehabilitation. Developing Important Information KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Methodology The consideration in preparing Emergency Plan will be included the following steps:       

Identification and assessment of hazards and risks. Identifying, appointment of personnel & Assignment of Responsibilities. Identification and equipping Emergency Control Centre. Identifying Assembly, Rescue points Medical Facilities. Formulation of plan and of emergency sources. Training, Rehearsal & Evaluation. Action on Site.

Earlier, a detailed Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment was carried out on hazards and their likely locations and consequences are estimated following the standard procedure. Emergencies Identified Emergencies that may be likely at chlorine storage, methanol storage, benzene storage, bulk fuel (Coal) storage area, process plant, cylinder storage area, and drum storage shed. There are chances of fire and explosion. Others Other risks are earthquake, lightning, sabotage, bombing etc., which are usually, not in the purview of management control. Emergency Organisation Plant organization is enclosed. Based on the plant organization, which includes shift organization, an Emergency Organization is constituted towards achieving objectives of this emergency plan. Plant Manager is designated as Overall in Charge and is the Site Controller. The following are designated as Incident Controllers for respective areas under their control. Shift in charge Engineer (Plant Operations) is designated at Incident Controller for all areas of plant. Emergency Facilities

Emergency Control Centre (ECC) It is a location, where all key personnel like Site Controller, Incident Controller etc. can assemble in the event of onset of emergency and carry on various duties assigned to them. Plant Manager’s Office is designated as Emergency Control Centre. It has P&T telephone as well as internal telephones, ECC is accessible from plant located considerably away from process plant, Storage’s and on evaluation of other locations, Plant Manager’s Room find merit from the distance point of view, communication etc

Facilities Proposed to be Maintained at Emergency Control Centre (ECC) The following facilities and information would be made available at the ECC    

Latest copy of Onsite Emergency Plan and off sites Emergency Plan (as provided by District Emergency Authority). Intercom Telephone. P&T Telephone. Telephone directories (Internal, P&T) KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

184

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

     

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Factory Layout, Site Plan Plans indicating locations of hazardous inventories, sources of safety equipment, hydrant layout, location of pump house, road plan, assembly points, vulnerable zones, escape routes. Hazard chart. Emergency shut-down procedures. Nominal roll of employees. List and address of key personnel, Emergency coordinators, first aides, firefighting employees, qualified trained persons.

Fire Fighting Facilities  

Internal hydrant system Portable extinguishers

Fire Protection SYSTEMS These systems are proposed to protect the plant by means of different fire protection facilities and consist of     

Hydrant system for exterior as well as internal protection of various buildings/areas of the plant. Portable extinguishers and hand appliances for extinguishing small fires in different areas of the plant. Water cum foam monitor to be provided in bulk fuel storage area. Fire water pumps. Two (2) independent motor driven pumps each of sufficient capacity and head are proposed for the hydrant systems which is capable to extinguish Fire or cooling purpose.

Emergency Escapes The objective of the emergency escape is to escape from the hazardous locations, to the nearest assembly point or the other safe zone, for rescue and evacuation Assembly Point Assembly point is location, where, persons unconnected with emergency operations would proceed and await for rescue operation Wind Sock Wind socks for knowing wind direction indication would be provided at a suitable location to visible from many locations Emergency Transport Emergency Ambulance would be stationed at the Administration Office and round the clock-driver would be made available for emergency transportation of injured etc. However, the other vehicles of the company also would be available for emergency services. Emergency Communication Two kinds of communication system can be provided.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

185

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

 

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Regular P&T phones with intercom facility. Mobile phone

Warning/Alarm/Communication of Emergency The emergency would be communicated by operating electrical siren for continuously for five minutes with high and low pitch mode. Emergency Responsibilities Priority of Emergency Protection.   

Life safety Preservation of property Restoration of the normalcy

Mutual Aid While necessary facilities will be made available and updated from time to time, sometimes, it may be necessary to seek external assistance; it may be from the neighbouring factories or from the State Government as the case may be Mock Drill In spite of detailed training, it may be necessary to try out whether, the OSEP works out and will there be any difficulties in execution of such plan. In order to evaluate the plan and see whether the plan meets the objectives of the OSEP, occasional mock drills are contemplated. Before undertaking the drill, it would be very much necessary to give adequate training to all staff members and also information about possible mock drill. After few pre-informed mock drills, few UN-informed mock drills would be taken. All this is to familiarize the employees with the concept and procedures and to see their response. These scheduled and unscheduled mock drills would be conducted during shift change, public holidays, in night shift etc. To improve preparedness once in 6 months and performance is evaluated and Site Controller maintains the record. Incident Controller (IC) coordinates this activity Persons Working The Factory shall run continuously in three shifts of 8 hrs. Each and a general shift. Timing of the same is tabulated below: Shift

Timing

Break Time

General Shift

9:00 am to 6.00 pm

Half hour

A Shift

7:00 am to 3:00 pm

Half hour

B Shift

3:00 pm to 11:00 pm

Half hour

C Shift

11:00 pm to 7:00 am

Half hour

Total no. of workers to be employed- 650, Total no. of staff to be employed- 350. Organization (People Responsible) To achieve the objective laid down in policy and for successful implementation and of health & safety policy, the company shall have following positions under the Director. Tentetive organization chart of factory will be as per Figure 7-15. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Figure 7-15: Organization Chart of Factory

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

The following actions to be taken for the hazardous chemicals handled in the plant: Chlorine Since Chlorine is approximately 2.5 times heavier than air, it has a tendency to spread at lower levels. If the leakage is heavy the source can be immediately detected, by the pungent odor and color of the gas. 

    





  

As soon as there is any indication of the presence of chlorine in the air immediate steps should be taken to remedy the situation. The leak source can be detected with the help of ammonia torch (a wooden stick with piece of cloth at one end. It is soaked in ammonia solution. When taken near the leak source, it will give dense white fumes.) Leakages, if any should be immediately reported to the supervisor. Leakage once detected, should be attended immediately, to avoid further deterioration of leakage. Use personal protective equipment’s such as gas mask with canister, on line air breathing apparatus, self-contained B.A. set while entering the leakage zone. Leakage point should be preferably approached from higher elevation and upwind direction. Isolate the system as quickly as possible and evacuate the area. Only persons required for combating the leakage should be allowed to enter the area. Water should never be sprayed on a chlorine leak. To do so will make the leak worse because of the corrosion action of wet chlorine. Moreover, heat from water increases evaporation rate of chlorine. If the container is leaking in such a position that chlorine is escaping as liquid, the container should be turned so that chlorine gas escapes. This reduces the hazard tremendously due to the following reasons:  For a given size of hole and a given internal pressure, the rate of gas leak will be about 1/15 th of the liquid escape rate.  Volume of liquid chlorine = 460 volume of chlorine gas The severity of a chlorine leak may be lessened by reducing the pressure on the leaking container. These may be done by absorbing chlorine gas (not the liquid) from the container in a solution of caustic soda, soda ash or hydrated lime. If there is leakage from the valve seat, valve body or valve inlet threads, use tie rod assembly from tonner safety kit to plug the leak. If there is Hole in the container body, use chain assembly from tonner safety kit. If the leak cannot be plugged, reduce pressure in the container or remove it to an isolated area.

DMP for Chlorine       

On-site emergency plan in place and regular mock drills One empty liquid chlorine storage tank for emergency evacuation Double safety valves on each liquid chlorine storage tank Remote isolation valves Emergency Chlorine neutralization system in place Customer training on Chlorine emergency Chlorine emergency team for handling eventuality outside factory

Safety System for Chlorine Storage and Handling Preventive inspection and maintenance

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

                    

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Leakage collection and absorption system. Level indicators with alarm for liquid Chlorine storage tanks. Load cell for each Chlorine storage tank. Chlorine gas detector to detect leakage of Chlorine. Suction hoods. Rupture disc provided on each storage tanks Two relief valves are provided on each of the storage tanks Remote operated auto valve. Storage system - approved by CCE Safety System for Chlorine Bottling and Handling Weighing arrangement provided in the each EOT crane to check the weight of receiving / dispatch tonners. Degassing of tonner is done in Sodium Hypochlorite plant. Hydro testing – Every two years / need basis. Hydro testing tonners is segregated separately. If weight loss is more than 5% it is rejected Auto filling system provided. Load cell provided on each filling post to measure the weight & calibration of load cells done on daily basis. Before dispatch the tonners, it is observed for one day for any abnormality. Valves are covered with metallic cover hood. Four chlorine sensors are installed. These sensors are connected with DCS. Local hotter also provided. Suction hood covering complete tonners is provided. Tonner tracking system

Benzene

Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of ingestion. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching.

Potential Chronic Health Effects: 



  

Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. WARM water MUST be used. Get medical attention immediately. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an antibacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

Handling and Storage 



Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, acids. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame).

Personal Protection Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Methanol

Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Severe over-exposure can result in death.

Potential Chronic Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer). CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified POSSIBLE for human. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to eyes. The substance may be toxic to blood, kidneys, liver, brain, peripheral nervous system, upper respiratory tract, skin, central nervous system (CNS), optic nerve. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs.

First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold water may be used. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately.

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an antibacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention immediately.

Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, metals, acids. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame).

Personal Protection Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Hydrogen

Potential Health Effects: Effects of a Single (Acute) Overexposure Inhalation. Asphyxiant. Effects are due to lack of oxygen. Moderate concentrations may cause headache, drowsiness, dizziness, excitation, excess salivation, vomiting, and unconsciousness. Lack of oxygen can kill. Skin Contact. No harm expected. Swallowing. An unlikely route of exposure; this product is a gas at normal temperature and pressure. Eye Contact. No harm expected. Effects of Repeated (Chronic) Overexposure. No harm expected.

First aid Measures INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, qualified personnel may give oxygen. Call a physician. SKIN CONTACT: An unlikely route of exposure. This product is a gas at normal temperature and pressure. SWALLOWING: An unlikely route of exposure. This product is a gas at normal temperature and pressure. EYE CONTACT: An unlikely route KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

of exposure. This product is a gas at normal temperature and pressure. NOTES TO PHYSICIAN: There is no specific antidote. Treatment of overexposure should be directed at the control of symptoms and the clinical condition of the patient.

Handling and Storage PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN HANDLING: Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Use only spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Protect cylinders from damage. Use a suitable hand truck to move cylinders; do not drag, roll, slide, or drop. Hydrogen is the lightest known gas. It may leak out of systems that are air-tight for other gases and may collect in poorly ventilated upper reaches of buildings. Leak check system with soapy water; never use a flame. All piped hydrogen systems and associated equipment must be grounded. Electrical equipment must be non-sparking or explosion-proof. Do not crack or open hydrogen cylinder valves unless connected to utilization equipment; escaping gas may ignite spontaneously. Open valve slowly. If valve is hard to open, discontinue use and contact your supplier. Close cylinder valve after each use; keep closed even when empty. Never attempt to lift a cylinder by its cap; the cap is intended solely to protect the valve. Never insert an object (e.g., wrench, screwdriver, pry bar) into cap openings; doing so may damage the valve and cause a leak. Use an adjustable strap wrench to remove over-tight or rusted caps. For other precautions in using hydrogen, see section 16. PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN STORAGE: Store and use with adequate ventilation. Store only where temperature will not exceed 125°F (52°C). Separate hydrogen cylinders from oxygen, chlorine, and other oxidizers by at least 20 ft (6.1 m), or use a barricade of noncombustible material. This barricade should be at least 5 ft (1.53 m) high and have a fire resistance rating of at least ½ hour. Always secure cylinders upright to keep them from falling or being knocked over. Install valve protection cap, if provided, firmly in place by hand when the cylinder is not in use. Post “No Smoking or Open Flames” signs in storage and use areas. There must be no sources of ignition. All electrical equipment in storage areas must be explosion-proof. Storage areas must meet national electric codes for Class 1 hazardous areas. Store full and empty cylinders separately. Use a first-in, first-out inventory system to prevent storing full cylinders for long periods.

Personal Protection Skin Protection. Wear work gloves for cylinder handling and metatarsal shoes for cylinder handling. Select in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132 and 1910.133. Regardless of protective equipment, never touch live electrical parts. Eye/Face Protection. Select in accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.133. Respiratory Protection. None required under normal use. An air-supplied respirator must be used in confined spaces

7.3

EXTERNAL HAZARDS

7.3.1

Earthquake

     

In case of earthquake move out of the plant & rush to nearest open area. Security to blow siren as per the Emergency procedure. Liaison Officer & Communication Officer (Head Security & Administration) keeps MWC updated. After the tremor ceases Main works controller/Site Controllers & Incident Controllers take round of the plant to access the damage, if any. In case of any accident, make arrangements to evacuate the victims from the affected area. Nursing staff to provide first aid to victim & victim to be shifted to nearest medical facility. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Head count to be done by incident controller in consultation with security. HOD/Incident controller to arrange the resources to clear the rubbish if any. After the calamity the Engineering Head to take round of the plant with factory Head for accessing the damage or critically affected area for necessary precautionary measures. All employees to ensure use of appropriate PPEs while entering affected area.

7.3.2

Social Unrest

In case of social unrest in the city or adjoining area. Personnel & IR department and Liaison Officer & Communication Officer to update Main Works controller about the persons belonging to affected area & seek his advice on appropriate course of action. Liaison Officer & communication officer will co-ordinate with city administration for arranging necessary help to ensure protection of plant property from any sabotage. Incident Controllers In coordination with liaison & communication officer will keep strict watch on Hazardous Chemical storages in their respective areas. 7.3.3

Major Fire in the Vicinity of Plant

Liaison & communication officer will coordinate with authorities of nearby industry to assess the severity of incident & update MWC. Fire tender along with fire crew to be kept ready to handle the emergency situation. Incident controllers should ensure running of water sprinkler provided on hazardous chemical storage tanks in their area. Liaison& communication officer to ensure medical staff/first aid team is ready to meet emergency. If required, the emergency siren to be blown. 7.3.4

Offsite Emergency Response Plan

An emergency situation which poses threat to property, life or environment outside the premises of KCIL is termed as an offsite emergency situation. Probable Offsite emergency scenarios which may occur due to our operations are:   

Road accident during transit of hazardous chemicals. Road accident/Fire in finished good container during transit. Leakage of chlorine gas from chlorine tonner.

Action Plan for Offsite Emergency Handling: 





In case of any offsite emergency the first responder/ vehicle driver has to inform Manager-Safety on his contact number. Information regarding contact number is given in documents given to the driver of tanker/container. Manager-Safety intern inform Vice President (Unit Head) about the offsite emergency & also contact the local police station nearest to the site of incident. He also directs the driver to ask help from local administration of the incidental area. Manager-Safety directs the movement of rescue team to the incident site in consultation with unit head as per the situation demand.

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Manager-Safety Liaison up with district administration of Kutch for execution/implementation of District Offsite Emergency Plan under leadership of District Magistrate of Kutch. Manager-Safety is responsible for dove tailing Offsite emergency plan of M/s. KCIL with Kutch district offsite emergency plan



7.4

DESCRIPTION ON ORGANIZATION SET-UP FOR SAFETY

7.4.1

Safety Organization

All the legal requirements enforced by Government of India and Gujarat are to be followed and implemented. A qualified Safety Officers is to be appointed. 7.4.2

Safety Training to Personnel

The motto of this training is to create awareness regarding safety & hazards in the complex & to involve all employees in developing Safe work culture. All hazardous situations, incidents, accidents are discussed during safety trainings and solution is evolved to resolve the issues in training sessions. Firefighting equipment are also demonstrated during the training so that persons attending the training may know about types of fire, method of extinguishing fire and use of fire extinguisher. These trainings are to be organized for Workers by HR department & for staff by Personnel department. Employees from different departments need to attend the trainings. MOCK drills are also to be organized in the hazardous plant to train the Workmen and staff to handle any emergencies in the plant. 7.4.3

Safety Activities

All the Safety Activities are initiated & controlled by the Safety Department. Following are the Major Safety Activities: 









Housekeeping competition is organized in between various departments. Prizes and rolling trophy is to be given to the Winner in a function on National Safety Day every year. The activity include for marking are cleaning, Storage, Up keeping, Uniform and maintenance. A well planned Work permit system is to be followed in the organization. Permit to be issued for executing routine & non routine jobs. Regular trainings are to be organized for educating workers & staff regarding the work permit system procedure & its implementation. Safety almirahs to be provided in each department. It contains the safety equipment required in emergency. A part from that PPEs are also being issued to all individual workmen & staff as per the hazard present in section by the department for regular use. Safety Officer to check these almirahs every month and required level of the appliance is to be maintained by the department. A register is to be maintained by the user department. Safety department to verify that correct level of the appliance is maintained and condition of the safety appliances is up to the mark. Safety trainings to be organized bi weekly for contract workmen in safety training room. Fundamentals of safety management like unsafe actions, unsafe condition, what is hazard? What is fire? Are being taught. Uses of different PPEs are demonstrated. Firefighting training is also imparted. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Safety Quiz competition & Environment Quiz competition is to be held every year on National Safety Day-4th March & World Environment Day-5 June . Safety Committee to meet every three months and all safety issues, accidents, improvement and future modifications are discussed. Safety Audit is to be conducted as per IS Code 14489. Once in two year by external agency and Internal Safety Audits are done annually. Safety Inspections to be done by the Safety Department daily and monthly. The unsafe conditions and unsafe actions to be brought to the notice of the departmental in-charge and corrective actions to be implemented in a stipulated time.

7.4.4

List of PPEs

All the PPEs are IS/CE approved and supplied by reputed manufactures meeting the national/ international standards. List of proposed PPEs are tabulated in Table 7-6 & Table 7-7. List of fire extinguishers at site are tabulated in Table 7-8.

Table 7-6: Details of Proposed Non–Respiratory PPEs S. No.

Type of PPEs

1

Safety Helmets

2

Safety Shoes (Rubber, Leather, Asbestos)

3

Safety Goggles-clear lens type

4

Hand Gloves PVC

5

Hand Gloves Rubber

6

Gum Boots

7

Apron PVC

8

Ear Plugs

9

Ear Muffs

10

Eye Washers

11

Safety Showers

Table 7-7: Details of Proposed Respiratory PPEs S. No.

Type of PPEs

1

Canister mask

2

Dusk mask

3

Airline Mask

Table 7-8: Details of Proposed Fire Extinguishers at Site S. No.

Type of Fire Extinguishers

1

Fire hydrant post with hose box and spray nozzle at strategic points, fire-water pump with jockey pump to maintain designated pressure in the hydrant main header. The main pump will be set to start automatically if the pressure in the main drop down due to a hydrant valve being opened

2

Foam tender will be placed in solvent tank farm

3

Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) Extinguishers to be placed at strategic points.

4

CO2 Extinguishers to be placed in MCCs etc. to fight electrical fires.

5

Water sprinklers to be provided around tanks where highly flammable material like carbon disulphide, Dimethyl sulphide are stored

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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7.4.5

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

First Aid and Antidotes

A full-fledged medical centre with facility for administering first-aid to injured / affected workmen will be provided. The centre will have oxygen administering facility, administering antidotes under medical supervision and an ambulance to shift the affected workmen to a hospital for further care. Prescribed antidotes such as (1) Atropine & 2-PAM for Organo-phosphorus pesticide poisoning, (2) Amyl nitrite inhaler, sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate intravenous injection vials will be stocked. The male nurse and the physician will be acquainted in handling poisoning cases. 7.4.6

Allocation and Delegation of Responsibilities for Plant Safety

The Department Heads are responsible for all the Safety activity and accident control in their respective departments. The responsibilities have been delegated to the plant shift in-charge/ supervisors during shift hours. Shift in-charge and senior operators shall be trained and responsible to handle any emergency in the absence of the department head. 7.4.7

Emergency Contact Details

Name, address, contact numbers of external agencies to be contacted in any case of emergency is tabulated in Table 7-9.

Table 7-9: Emergency Contact Details Name

Address

Telephone No.

Collector Office

Bhuj

02832-250194/250020

Police Station

Anjar

100 / 02836243254

Fire Station

Gandhidham

101 / 02839-261626

Ambulance

-

108 / 101

Chaudhary Hospital Hospitals

(Dr. Abyuday S Barod) Government Hospital - Bhimasar Village, (Dr. Vaishali Rawal

9724271757 7573008013

Government Officials Director of Factories

02836-260020

Inspector of Factories

Plot No. 66, Ward No. 1/B Nr. Lila Shah railway crossing, Opp. Tolani Institute of Management Science, Adipur

GWIL Water Supply

Nr. Nagar Palika tubwell No. 4, Anjar

02836-262435

Dy. Chief Inspector of Factories

7.5

R&R ACTION PLANS

No R&R issues are envisaged in the project.

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8

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1

PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE



There will be increase in some small scale businesses like tea stall, catering services/hotels, grocery, confectionery, sweet marts, cycle shop etc. around the project area.

8.2   





8.4

  

EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL During the construction phase around 1,000 local skilled and semi-skilled workers and during operation phase, project will generate direct employment for more than 500 people and indirect employment for approx. 500 people. It will provide employment to the people of Kutch district; The positives impact include enhanced direct employment for technical/administrative works and indirect employment opportunities for transporters of raw materials and finished goods; Increasing other business opportunities for local people as there will be scope of hiring vehicle like tractors & trolleys, bulldozers, JCB, excavators during construction and operation phase of the project;





SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Help to needy children in the schools; Providing drinking water to nearby villagers; Helping Gram Panchayat in improving infrastructure facilities.

8.3

  

8. PROJECT BENEFITS

OTHER TANGIBLE & LOCATIONAL BENEFITS Project has various locational benefits like availability of common salt, coal from nearby region; Site is well connected with ports, highway and railway; As a part of backward integration, need of chlorine in the exiting plant will be fulfilled. Hence reducing risk hazard on road transportation; Many of proposed products have got very good export potential which can lead to forex revenues for the country. Project will encourage industrial growth due to the availability of end products; The company will have market growth of its own brands name in various overseas countries; The company will carter needs of the domestic market also.

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9. ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

No recommendation of environmental cost benefit analysis was given during appraisal stage, hence it is not carried out.

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Description of the administrative aspects of ensuring that mitigative measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored, after approval of the EIA.

10.1

INTRODUCTION

The EIA study for the proposed project has identified impacts that are likely to arise during different phases of the project. The study has also examined the extent to which the adverse impacts identified can be controlled through the adoption of mitigation measures. The Environment Management Plan describes both generic good practice measures and site-specific measures, the implementation of which is aimed at mitigating potential impacts associated with the proposed activities.

10.2

PURPOSE OF EMP

The environment management plan is prepared with a view to facilitate effective environmental management of the project, in general and implementation of the mitigation measures in particular. The EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works. For each stage of the programme, the EMP lists all the requirements to ensure effective mitigation of every potential biophysical and socioeconomic impact identified in the EIA. For each impact or operation, which could otherwise give rise to impact, the following information is presented:    

Role of KCIL and its contractors; A comprehensive listing of the mitigation measures (actions) that KCIL will implement; The parameters that will be monitored to ensure effective implementation of the action; The timing for implementation of the action to ensure that the objectives of mitigation are fully met.

10.3

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.3.1

Air Environment

Properly designed and appropriate air pollution control equipment will be attached to flue gas stack attached to Boilers. Process vent will be attached to various scrubbers. Effective measures will be taken to control fugitive emissions. Emission control measures will be taken to ensure air emission standards and norms are strictly followed. 10.3.2

Water Environment

The wastewater generated from the entire unit will be treated in two ETPs followed by RO, MEE & ATFD and the treated water will be completely recycled and reused in plant premises resulting Zero Liquid Discharge. Rainwater harvesting from rooftop in nearby schools shall be done.

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10.3.3

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Land and Soil Environment (Solid Hazardous Waste Management)

Management of Solid Hazardous Waste will be ensured by taking care of the following steps:          

Properly designed storage area for hazardous waste with adequate capacity will be ensured; Prior permissions for TSDF will be taken and prior agreements with authorized vendors shall be made; Spent solvents will be sent to solvent recovery units; Spent catalyst will be send to recyclers/ regeneration /reactivation; Spent carbon & used filter materials will be sent to TSDF; Distillation residues will be sent for incineration; Discarded container, drums, packing material etc. shall be decontaminated and sold to authorized vendors; Used/spent oil will be disposed to GPCB authorized Recyclers, Waste/residue containing oil disposed off to CHWIF; Contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags shall be sold to authorized vendors; Scraps, used spares, cotton waste, contaminated hand gloves, discarded containers / barrels / bags shall be sold to authorized vendors.

Environmental Monitoring Plan for suggested mitigation measures and monitoring plan will include:      

Proper hazardous waste inventory accounting by HSE department; Monthly review by plant head in the production meeting; Monitoring for reduction in generation of hazardous waste quantity by director; Internal audit of hazardous waste storage area as per ISO system; Compliance of statutory conditions & reporting in environmental audit report; Reviewing time bound action plan for imparting training to drivers and availability of TREM cards.

10.3.4

Ecology and Biodiversity Environment

Greenbelt Development Greenbelt not only provides habitat for faunal species but also helps to suppress air and noise pollutants up to some extent. This will not only mitigate the ecological problem but also enhance the beauty of project area that will attract avifauna, small mammals & insect species, and by this way ecological balance can be maintained to great extent. Selection of Plant Species Considering the environmental status of project area four main parameters like salinity, draught, fire resistance, species with faster growth rate and ever green nature have been considered while selecting the species. Facts considered during selection of plant species for greenbelt development are:    

Agro climatic zone (Semi-arid to dry sub humid – as per CPCB) of the project area; Evergreen species to mitigate cumulative impacts due to other industries also; Type of pollutant (mainly air) likely to disperse from project activities; Biological–filter Efficiency: Absorption of gases, Dust capturing and Noise control.

Plantation Technique Following basic procedures will be followed for greening the area: KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Since the project area having poor / slightly saline soil quality, plantation of tree species required approx. 1m3 pit for soil enrichment; Pit will be filled with imported soil with 3:1:1 the ratio of sand, silt and form yard manure; Procure well grown saplings of recommended species from the nearby Forest Department nursery; Make 1m diameter ring bund around the planted saplings for water retention; Watering of sapling is species specific, therefore watering need to be done daily in monsoon and once in 2 days in other seasons for a period of two years.

   

Locations of the Proposed Greenbelt Greenbelt will be developed within project site boundary and within various identified locations of LIZ of 1.5 km.

Greenbelt within Project Boundary Total greenbelt area of 1,00,000 m2 (33% of total plot area) has been allotted for greenbelt development within project boundary. Considering 16 m2 (4x4) for one tree, project area will have plantation of 6,250 plants of suggested species. Plantation will be carried out around periphery, near / around built-up areas and along internal roads of the project area. Plant species suggested for Greenbelt and Landscaping at various locations are tabulated in Table 10-1.

Table 10-1: Plant Species Suggested for Greenbelt and Landscaping at Various Locations S. No.

Botanical Name

Common Name

Usage

1

Cocos nucifera

Coconut

Coconut is a plant that has uses from its roots to its tops. It gives delicious fruit. Coconut roots can be used for medicinal purpose. Coconut leaves can produce good quality of paper pulp.

2

Phoenix sp.

Palm Tree

It’s a rich source of Starch, it can tolerate heat well.

3

Bougainvillea spectabilis

Bougainvillea

Reduces air pollution.

4

Nerium indicum

5

Lawsonia inermis

6

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Landscaping: these species will be planted with in interspaces of trees at various locations like along road side, around built-up areas and around outer boundary of the project area (not near to fire prone places)

Budget Allocation for Greenbelt within Project Site Greenbelt will be developed within 5 yrs. Budget break-up is as per Table 10-2.

Table 10-2: Budget for Proposed Greenbelt Development within Project Site S. No.

Work or Activity

1st Year

2nd Year

3rd Year

4th Year

5th Year

Budget (INR)

Within Project Site, totally 6,250 saplings will be planted (Approx. Cost @ INR 100 per sapling / plant) Saplings Required

1,250

1,250

1,250

1,250

1,250

Amount

1,25,000/-

1,25,000/-

1,25,000/-

1,25,000/-

1,25,000/-

Total Budget

6,25,000/6,25,000/-11

1 11 All other costs like labor, soil filling dressing, irrigation etc. costs will be considered as Recurring Cost as stated in Chapter 6 , Section 6.5, Table 6-6.

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Greenbelt in the LIZ Area (within 1.5 Km. Radius) Additional plantation for green belt development will be carried out in the various places (around water bodies, in school and temple premises) of LIZ to improve habitat status of the project area. This activity will be carried out as a part of conservation plan of Schedule-I reported from the study area, so species recommended for plantation and budget allocation for same is given in the conservation plan section. In identified LIZ area, plantation will be carried out at two levels.  

Plantation around five water bodies of LIZ area; Plantation in schools and temple premises of Bhimasar village.

Plant species for Plantation in LIZ Area are tabulated in Table 10-3.

Table 10-3: List of plant species for Plantation in LIZ Area S. No

Scientific Name

Common Name

Ecological performance

Locations

1

Aegle marmelos

Bel

CN, DC

3

2

Azardirachta indica

Neem

CN, OGE, DC

1,2,3

3

Delbergia sissoo

Shisham

DC, DR, FR

2,3

4

Delonix regia

Gulmohar

DC

2,3

5

Ficus bengalensis

Banyan, Vad

CN, DC

1,2,3

6

Ficus religiosa

Peepal

CN, OGE, DC

1,2,3

7

Syzygium cumini

Jamun, Jambu

CN, DC

1,3

8

Terminalia catappa

Desi Badam

CN, OGE, DC

1,3

Ecological performance: CN –Control Noise level, OGE – Absorb Gas emission (Sexena 1991) Khan 2000)13, DC - Dust Controller (CPCB 2007)14.

12

and (Abbasi &

Locations: 1- Near / around Water body, 2 – In School premises, 3- In Temple premises.

Budget Allocation for Greenbelt the LIZ Area Budget is allocated for additional greenbelt, habitat improvement and conservation of threatened species of the study area as tabulated in Table 10-4.

Table 10-4: Budget for Additional Greenbelt / Habitat Improvement Programme S. No 1

Work or Activity

1st Year

2nd Year

3rd Year

4th Year

5th Year

Budget (INR)

Plantation on around five water body: Total 50 plants will be planted every year around each water body within impact zone up to five years (Approx. Cost @ INR 100 per plant)

Saplings Required

250

250

250

250

250

1,25,000/-

1 12 Saxena, V.S. 1991. Afforestation as a tool for environmental improvement. In: Executive development program on greening the townships. Vaniki Prashikshan Sansthan, Jaipur. Pp 13-44. 13 Greenbelts for Pollution Control: Concepts, Design, Applications. 2000. Abbasi, S.A. and F.I. Khan. Discovery Publishing House, New Delhi. 14 Phytoremediation of particulate matter from ambient environment through dust capturing plant species. Published 2007 by Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India in Delhi.

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Work or Activity Amount

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1st Year

2nd Year

3rd Year

4th Year

5th Year

25,000/-

25,000/-

25,000/-

25,000/-

25,000/-

Budget (INR)

Plantation in and around school and temple premises of nearby villages: 25 plants every year up to five years (Approx. Cost @ Rs. 100 per plant)

Saplings Required

50

50

50

50

50

Amount

5,000

5,000

5,000

5,000

5,000

Total Budget

25,000/1,50,000/-15

Conservation Plan for Schedule-I Species Conservation plan has been prepared to enhance the population status of this Schedule species as well as overall improvement of biodiversity which will be implemented in consultation of “State forest department”.

Likely Impact Zone (LIZ) Description LIZ area includes five water bodies and has been reported with Schedule-I species i.e. Peacock.

Selection of Plant Species All the facts considered for species selection are same as facts considered for greenbelt development within project site premises. Habitat Improvement through Plantation in LIZ As provided in Table 10-3 & Table 10-4. Monitoring Management Protocol

Green Belt 

Plantations will be managed by regular watering, soil enrichment work, applying manure, weeding and provide proper protection; Replacement of sapling (replanting) required whenever mortality occurs in the plantation during the growth stage; After care for a period of minimum five years till the saplings attain matured tree stage will be done; Any damage to the developed greenbelt due to any natural or unforeseen activities will be attended by redeveloping and maintained it.

  

Biodiversity / Ecological Monitoring Since the identified impact zone area supports Schedule-I species i.e. Peacock; population of these species will be monitored. Every year, status survey of these species will be conducted and reported to the local forest department. Every year status survey of these species will be conducted & Survival

1 15 All other costs like labor, soil filling dressing, irrigation etc. costs will be considered as Recurring Cost as stated in Chapter

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rate of the plantation will be monitored within project site as well as other plantation carried out in the LIZ area.

10.3.5

Socio Economic Environment

Based on the socio-economic survey and stakeholders consultation the following social concerns have been identified with respect to the general condition of the nearby residents/villages of study area. The suggestive mitigation measures have been reflected in Table 10-5.

Table 10-5: Issues Raised by Respondents of Core Zone Social Component

 Health & Hygiene

Safe Drinking Water



 Educational Activities

Sanitation & Drainage System

Skill Development/ Training Program

Infrastructure Facilities

Community Welfare/Enhancement Measures by the Project Proponent

Issues raised/Problems

Presence of odourous smell and gas emissions from the all the industries in the night.

Scarcity of potable water in the surrounding villages.

Purchase of stationary items & school uniforms for Anganwadi & Primary school children.



Computer installation and provide computer training to students in schools.



Inadequacy of sanitation facilities and personal practices



Employment Generation for local population.



The daily wage earners are in substantial number present in the study villages.



Construction/upgradation of the internal village road is required.



Construction of approach road from proposed site to National Highway is required.



The Project Proponent will take the initiative to ensure to put up health checkup camps and doctor’s visit at regular intervals.



Regular Monitoring will be carried out by at all the stacks and within the plant premises to ensure safe workplace environment for employees and nearby habitants.



Proper co-ordination and follow up will be carried out by the project proponent in consultation with the local bodies for regular supply of safe drinking water.



The project proponent will provide safe drinking water through tankers in the nearby villages/habitation on daily basis.



The project proponent will ensure to do its part according to the funds available under company’s CSR Scheme on the priority basis.



The project proponent will give its contribution in the construction of public toilets.



Skill development programme will be organized by the project proponent in phasewise manner and accordingly the local population will be given preference in the job opportunities.



As part of Community Welfare Program the project proponent will consider to contribute for the mentioned works of construction and renovation.

Source: Community Consultation-2016

The above table reveals that major issues in the communities are inadequate supply of drinking water, sanitation, unemployment, poor infrastructure etc. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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10. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Socio-economic Development Activities Based on the need of the community, KCIL will do socio-economic development activities towards community welfare in the field of Health & Hygiene, Safe Drinking Water facilities, Educational Activities, Sanitation & Drainage System, Skill Development/Training Program Infrastructure Facilities in the study area. The project proponent has earmarked ~ INR 157 Lacs per year with 10% increase in the amount each year towards community development program in the study area. Thus, a budget of ~ 25 Crores (2.5% of total project cost) is earmarked to be spent on ESC/CSR Activities based on the yearly need based assessment. The proposed budget to be allocated for the ten years (life span of project) is tabulated in Table 10-6.

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Table 10-6: Budgetary Provision for Ten Years S. No.

Amount (INR/Lakhs) per year Proposed Activity

20182019

20192020

20202021

20212022

20222023

20232024

20242025

20252026

20262027

20272029

Total Amont

1

Health & Hygiene

28.25

31.08

34.18

37.60

41.36

45.50

50.05

55.05

60.56

66.61

450

2

Safe Drinking Water

25.10

27.61

30.37

33.41

36.75

40.42

44.47

48.91

53.80

59.18

400

3

Educational Activities

28.21

31.03

34.13

37.55

41.30

45.43

49.98

54.97

60.47

66.52

450

4

Sanitation & Drainage System

31.40

34.54

37.99

41.79

45.97

50.57

55.63

61.19

67.31

74.04

500

5

Skill Development/ Training Program

23.50

25.85

28.44

31.28

34.41

37.85

41.63

45.79

50.37

55.41

375

6

Infrastructure Facilities

20.40

22.44

24.68

27.15

29.87

32.85

36.14

39.75

43.73

48.10

325

Total Amount per Year

156.86

172.55

189.80

208.78

229.66

252.62

277.89

305.68

336.24

369.87

2,500

Total provision for 10 years - Rupees Twenty Five Crores

As per the finding of the social survey, the outmost care will be taken for the overall development of the study area. The above budget breakup is the tentative plan for investment which may vary time to time depending upon the priority.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

This executive summary provides overall justification for implementation of the project, explains how adverse effects shall be mitigated. It summarizes the findings of the EIA study and is structured in accordance with the Appendix III A of EIA Notification, 2006 as amended till date.

11.1

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The company “Kutch Chemical Industries Limited” (KCIL) is promoted by Goyal Group of Industries, headed by Mr. Shiv Lal Goyal and other directors. Existing companies are engaged in manufacturing and export of various Chemicals used as intermediates in Pharma, Agro, Plasticizer & Dyes sectors. The project is classified as Category “A” project. The proposed products falls under 4(d), “Chlor-Alkali Industry”, 5(f) – “Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry” & 1(d), “Thermal Power Plant” of ‘Project or Activities – Manufacturing / Fabrication’, as per Schedule in EIA Notification dated September’ 14, 2006, as amended till date. 11.1.1

Proposed Project

As a part of backward integration KCIL proposes to set up separate stand alone independent Unit-2 for manufacturing of new Caustic Soda, Chlorine to meet its present & future Chlorine requirement of downstream projects. Project will also include manufacturing of Hydrogen Peroxide, Synthetic Organic, Inorganic, Specialty Chemicals along with Coal based Captive Power plant. Land admeasuring 74 Acres is already acquired which includes survey No. 169, 170, 175, 190, 191 of Varsana Village of Anjar Taluka, Kachchh District, Gujarat State. List of proposed products is tabulated in Table 11-1.

Table 11-1: List of Proposed Products S. No.

Name of Product/Byproduct

1

Caustic Chlorine Plant

Production Capacity (MTPA)

1(a)

Caustic Soda (100%) Lye / Prills / Flakes

1(b)

Caustic Potash (100%) Lye / Flakes

36,000

1.1

Chlorine Gas / Liquid

2,12,900

1.2

Hydrogen

6,050

1.3

Hydrochloric acid (32%)

1,80,000

1.4

Sulphuric acid (78-80%)

12,000

1.5

Sodium Hypochlorite

12,000

1.6

2,16,000

Gypsum

3,600

2

Hydrogen Peroxide (100% H2O2 Basis)

36,000

3

Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride

36,000

4.1

Poly Aluminum Chloride (18%)

18,000

4.2

Poly Aluminum Chloride (30%)

18,000

Calcium Chloride (100%)

60,000

5

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S. No.

11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Name of Product/Byproduct

Production Capacity (MTPA)

Para Amino Phenol

36,000

6

Hydrogenation of Hydrocarbon, Nitro Hydrocarbon & Chloro Hydrocarbon like: 7

Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA/PA, DCA / PCA / MCA, OPDA / PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xyldine.

1,20,000*

8

Chlorination of hydrocarbon such as MCB, DCB, ODCB, PDCB, TCB.

9

Chlorination of toluene such as Benzyl Chloride, Benzal Chloride, Benzo Trichloride.

10

Chlorination of Acetic Acid - MCA.

11

Chlorination of Paraffins - CPW

12

Hydrochloric Acid (30%)

1,32,000

13

Coal based Captive Power Plant

100 MW (Capacity)

90,000*

* Total Overall Capacity combining all the products. Product mix will be based on market requirement from time to time. The total estimated capital investment for these products would be around INR 1,000 Crore. Project shall be implemented in phased manner. 11.1.2

Process

Caustic Chlorine Plant Membrane cell based chlor alkali process will involve processing of brine electrolysis to produce caustic soda, chlorine, and hydrogen. During manufacturing of process of caustic soda, Hydrogen and Chlorine gas as co products are generated. HCl, hypochlorite, dilute H2SO4 are by products. Hydrogen Peroxide (100% H2O2 Basis) For manufacture of Hydrogen Peroxide, “Auto-Oxidation” process shall be adopted. The manufacturing process involves, Hydrogenation of 2-Ethyl Anthra Quinone (2-EAQ) in solvent medium (Working Solution), to get its Quinol and subsequent oxidation of the Quinol to get parent EAQ and crude Hydrogen Peroxide. The crude is then purified and concentrated to marketable products. Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride Gaseous chlorine is reacted with molten Aluminum in specially designed reactor to form Aluminum Chloride in gaseous phase. After various cooling techniques, it is conveyed to a silo from where it is size graded and packed under dry air blanketing. Calcium Chloride (100%) Calcium Carbonate is reacted with Hydrochloric Acid to get Calcium Chloride. Para Amino Phenol PNCB is reacted with caustic soda at temperature of 160 deg C and pressure of 5 – 6 Kg/cm2 getting PNP.Na which is further hydrogenated to get PAP.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Hydrogenation Products: Hydrogenation of different Hydrocarbons, Nitro Hydrocarbons & Chloro Hydrocarbons shall form Aniline, Chloro Aniline, OA/PA, DCA / PCA / MCA, OPDA / PPDA, Toludiene, Cumidiene, Xyldine. Chlorination Products: Chlorination of various hydrocarbons will form MCB, DCB, ODCB, PDCB, TCB. Chlorination of toluene shall form Benzyl Chloride, Benzal Chloride, Benzo Trichloride. Chlorination of Acetic Acid shall form MCA. Chlorination of Paraffins shall form CPW. As byproduct Hydrochloric Acid (30%) shall be formed. Coal based Captive Power Plant To carter the power requirement of the various plants, coal based captive power plant will be installed in which the steam is produced in high pressure in the steam boiler due to burning of fuel (coal) in boiler furnaces. Super-heated steam enters into the turbine and rotates the turbine blades. The turbine is mechanically coupled with alternator that its rotor will rotate with rotation of turbine blades hence shall generate power. 11.1.3

Utilities

Power: 100 MW from proposed CPP having backup source of PGVCL. Two DG Sets of 1,000 KVA each will be used in case of main power failure. Fuel: 1,860 MT/Day Imported Indonesian/ South African Coal having 0.5 % sulphur and 7.5% ash content will be used for the proposed CFBC Boilers and 400 Ltr/Hr. HSD will be used for DG Sets. Inprinciple approval for procurement of coal is obtained from ADI Tradelink (Adani). Water: 6,304 KLD fresh water requirement will be met from GWIL (Narmada Canal). Inprinciple approval has been obtained for 7 MLD. Manpower: During the construction phase around 1,000 workers will be hired. During operation phase, project will generate direct employment for more than 500 people and indirect employment for approx. 500 people. They may be hired locally. First preference shall be given to skilled, semi-skilled work force of local community. 11.1.4 

  

Air Emissions & Control

Point Source Emissions, i.e. PM, SO2 & NOx from boiler stacks shall be controlled by multistage ESP with one filed extra. Process gas emissions of HCl & Cl2 shall be controlled by stacks connected to the alkali scrubber & DM water scrubber. Process gas emissions of HC shall be controlled by stacks connected to activated carbon adsorption columns; Area source as SPM emissions from coal stock piles is envisaged. It shall be controlled by providing wind shields in coal storage area; Line Source Emissions (CO, HC, PM, NOx) from 250 trucks, 2 staff buses, 50 cars, 100 two wheelers is anticipated; Fugitive emissions from storage & handling area for raw materials, solvents, finished products is envisaged due to proposed project. Odor of raw materials & finished goods shall be limited to plant area.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Waste Water Treatment & Disposal

The waste water will be generated from the process, utilities and domestic area. In the proposed project, ZLD concept will be adopted. The wastewater generated from:   



Synthetic Organic Plant will be treated in ETP -1 followed by MEE and condensate from the MEE will be reused in plant. Utilities will be treated in ETP-2 after primary and tertiary treatment and treated water will be completely reused in plant premises. Caustic soda and other plants will be separately treated consisting primary and tertiary treatment and then send to recycling RO for reuse of water. Permeate water from the RO will be reuse in plant while the reject water from the RO will be send to MEE for further concentrate. Sewage generated from the domestic use will be disposed through soak pits.

Thus, there will be no disposal of waste water outside the premises. Separate waste water stream and storm water line will be provided. 11.1.6

Noise

Noise generation sources are the heavy machinery like crane, dumper, roller, bulldozers, boiler, compressors, chillers, DG sets, etc. & during vehicular movement for transportation of raw material and finished goods. 11.1.7

Hazardous & Other Solid Waste

The following solid / hazardous wastes will be generated during operations:    

Hazardous Waste: Used/spent oil, Distillation residue, Discarded drums and containers, Contaminated cotton rags or other cleaning materials & ETP waste and MEE salts; Non Hazardous Waste: Brine Sludge, Process Sludge from Calcium Chloride & Fly Ash; Domestic Solid Waste: Paper and Food waste; Small amounts of e-waste and scrap.

These will be managed as per the applicable Rules, mainly, Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling, Storage and Transboundary) Rules 2016, as amended till date.

11.2

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

11.2.1

Study Period, Area & Monitoring/Sampling Locations

Baseline environmental study was carried out for 12 weeks, from 15th March, 2016 to 15st June, 2016 (Summer Season) within 10 Km radius of the project site. Air monitoring was carried out at 8 locations. Noise measurement was carried out at 8 locations. Surface water samples from 6 locations (5 samples from ponds & 1 sample from river), ground water samples from 8 locations (4 Borewells, 2 openwells & 2 handpump) and soil samples from 6 locations (1 from project site & 5 samples from villages) were collected and analyzed. 11.2.2

Land Use and Land Cover

Land use of study area is classified as Agricultural land (~ 40.8%), Water bodies (~ 3.5%), Vegetation cover (~ 29.8%), Waste land (~ 9.5%), Buildup Land & Habitation (~ 4.4%) & others (~ 12.2%). KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Meteorology

Based on the long-term climatological tables (1981 – 2010) as per Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) for New Kandla (Station ID: 42639), during summer season, temperature ranges from 22.4ºC – 34.1ºC, in morning & evening relative humidity ranges 68 – 76% and 40 – 56% respectively, average wind speed was 4.0 m/sec., predominant wind direction was from SW to NE direction (44.5%). Site specific meteorological data was collected at existing unit, at ~ 1.0 Km in S direction from project site. Minimum and maximum temperature were recorded as 22.1°C & 46.2°C respectively. Mean hourly relative humidity was 44%. Average wind speed & Predominant wind direction were 6.1 m/sec & from WSW to ENE (32.0 %) respectively. Calm wind contributed to about 4.1%. 11.2.4

Ambient Air Quality

The broad findings of the ambient air quality monitoring are:   





Average concentration of PM10 recorded ranged from minimum 89 µg/m3 (At Project Site) to maximum 103 µg/m3 (at KCIL - Unit 1, 0.4 Km in SW direction from site); Average concentration of PM2.5 recorded ranged from minimum 28 µg/m3 (At Project Site) to maximum 34 µg/m3 (At Varsana Village); It is noted that the average PM10 results does not exceeds the permissible limits of 100 µg/m3 for 24 Hrs. at all locations except at KCIL, Unit – 1 which could be due to Industrial activities of existing unit, site being nearer to coastal regional, influence of windy atmosphere & due to vehicular movement on the “kaccha” road connecting site to main highway; The concentration of SO2 (8.0 – 11.7 µg/m3), NOx (18.1 – 44.8 µg/m3), HCl ( < 1.0 – 8.6 µg/m3), Cl2 (< 1.0 – 12.2 µg/m3) & HC Methane (994 – 1,411 µg/m3) are within permissible limits as prescribed by CPCB & Factories act; The concentration of NMHC – Non-Methane & VOC were below detectable limit.

11.2.5

Traffic

Traffic Survey was carried out on NH-6 & NH-50 in E & N directions of the proposed site respectively. NH-6 connects site to Bhachau – Gandhidham & NH-50 connects site to Anjar – Bhimasar. NH-6 is 24 meters wide road which is 3-Lane (One Way), Sub-arterial Road having carrying capacity of 2,900 PCU. NH-50 is 7.5 meters wide road which is 2-Lane (Two Way), Collector Road having carrying capacity of 900 PCU. Peak hourly traffic (maximum) on this routes i.e. from Bhachau – Gandhidham and from Anjar – Bhimasar is 938 and 161 PCU respectively. 11.2.6

Noise Level

Noise level varied from 56.2 dB (at Padana Village) to 64.4 dB (At Project Boundary-SW) during day time and 46.8 dB (at Padana Village) to 58.1 dB (At Project Boundary-N) during night time. Noise level at residential area during day & night time were slightly higher than the CPCB standards which is due to vehicular movements on nearby highways. 11.2.7

Water Quality

Surface water (Pond) Mithirohar pond is worst polluted pond where total 11 parameters are more than acceptable limits, whereas Padana & Varsana ponds are the least polluted sources. Parameters such as turbidity, TDS, KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Chloride, Sulphate, Hardness, alkalinity, fluoride, total nitrogen and coliforms are above acceptable limits in major pond sources, there by requiring necessary treatment if utilized for drinking purposes. Surface water (River) The quality of river water is saline in nature due to tidal impact in river and near to coastal area. The river water can be used for any purpose after suitable treatment. Ground water (Borewells, Openwells & Handpumps) It is observed that ground water quality as per IS 10500:2012 standard limits for drinking water, deviates for following parameters at different villages:    

   

TDS at Mithirohar (4,299 mg/l), Ajapur (7,489 mg/l), Varsamedhi (1,311 mg/l), Padana (1,121 mg/l), Nani Chirai (2,232 mg/l), Modvadar (2,562 mg/l) & Pasuda (2,951 mg/l); Chlorides at Mithirohar (1,596 mg/l), Ajapur (3,095 mg/l), Varsamedhi (376 mg/l), , Nani Chirai (829 mg/l), Modvadar (868 mg/l) & Pasuda (1,167 mg/l); Sulphates at Mithirohar (567 mg/l), Ajapur (618 mg/l), Padana (502 mg/l), Nani Chirai (300 mg/l), Modvadar (530 mg/l) & Pasuda (281 mg/l); Total Hardness at Mithirohar (860 mg/l), Bhimasar (200 mg/l), Ajapur (1,300 mg/l), Varsamedhi (460 mg/l), Padana (480 mg/l), Nani Chirai (440 mg/l), Modvadar (470 mg/l) & Pasuda (570 mg/l); Nitrate at Mithirohar (48.9 mg/l), Modvadar (60.7 mg/l); Fluoride at Mithirohar (1.1 mg/l), Ajapur (1.5 mg/l), Padana (1.2 mg/l), Nani Chirai (1.2 mg/l), Modvadar (1.5 mg/l) & Pasuda (1.4 mg/l); Calcium at Mithirohar (125 mg/l), Ajapur (95 mg/l), Padana (129 mg/l); Magnesium at Mithirohar (133 mg/l), Bhimasar (40 mg/l), Ajapur (258 mg/l), Varsamedhi (81 mg/l), Padana (38 mg/l), Nani Chirai (68 mg/l), Modvadar (73 mg/l) & Pasuda (95 mg/l).

The observed higher concentration of TDS, Chloride & Sulphate is due to saline geological formations. Higher concentration of Total Hardness, Nitrate, Fluoride, Calcium and Magnesium is due to near proximity of sea (Gulf of Kutch). 11.2.8

Soil Quality

It is observed that at different locations:     

The porosity ranged from 48 to 52% and WHC varied from 26 to 49 %; The soil permeability was ranged from 20.8 to 32.3 mm/hr, however soil texture in all the soil samples was sandy loam; The EC of soil ranged from 80 to 156 μmhos/cm which indicates soil is saline in nature; The pH of soil ranged from 7.6 to 8.2, which indicates that soils are neutral to slightly alkaline; Among water soluble cations predominance of sodium was seen followed by Mg, Ca and K.

The overall soil quality indicates that soils are normal, which is not under cultivation since long and whatever salts were there are washed off or leached down due to rain water over the years.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Biological Environment

Project Site / Core Zone As a part of terrestrial biodiversity study, 3 floral species (shrub). Among faunal diversity, no herpetofauna was reported. Among avifauna, 4 species were reported flying across site. No mammals were reported. Study Area / Buffer Zone As a part of terrestrial biodiversity study, 34 floral species, which includes 22 species of trees, 4 species of Shrubs, 6 species of grasses and 2 species of mangroves were reported. Among faunal diversity, 3 herpetofaunal species from indirect evidences were reported. Among avifauna, 59 species were reported. 4 mammals from direct and indirect evidences were reported. Marine biodiversity study shows that, buffer zone supports phytoplankton, zooplanktons, benthos, fishes and other marine fauna. Around 16 different type of Marine fishery are reported in Gulf of Kutch. Mangroves density in the western part (downstream) of the bet was comparatively higher than the eastern (upstream) part due to the more conductive environmental conditions like salinity regime, topography and lesser human activity. The crops grown in this region was mostly juwar (Sorghum vulgare), bajra (Pennisetum glaucum), and Moong (Vigna radiate) during rainy seasons. Other crops like wheat, guwar, groundnut, til, cotton and castor are grown in some area. The cultivation is essentially through rain water and in some area through bore wells. It was observed that along the agriculture land there was plantation of Coconut and Khajur; Among floral species noted / identified, no floral species is enlisted in the Red Data book (threatened species). For faunal species, threat status as per IWPA-1972 and IUCN has been given in respective tables. Reported birds includes Schedule-I species i.e. Peacock. Among recorded faunal species, none of the species can be designated as an endemic. 11.2.10 Socio-Economic Environment The summary of the social survey for the study area is provided as below:    





Population and its distribution: There are 17 villages, with a total population of 57,544 persons and 13,093 households; Sex Ratio: 829 females per 1,000 males; Literacy Level: male literacy is 65.91% and female literacy is 34.09% of total population; Educational Facilities: There is presence of Anganwadi & Primary schools in all villages in study area. For attaining the higher education like High School, ITI, Diploma or Engineering, facilities are available from Gandhidham, Anjar, Bachau & Mundra; Drinking water: Most of the villages are provided with water through the Private Water Tankers. These tankers are brought from Anjar or Bhuj. Now most of the villages are connected with Narmada Canal water; Power supply is available in the villages.

Major issues in the communities are inadequate supply of drinking water, sanitation, unemployment & poor infrastructure.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.3

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

11.3.1

Air Environment

Dispersion modeling (using “AERMOD” modelling software) was carried out for point and line sources. This indicates:   

Maximum 24 hourly average GLC’s for PM10 (1.0 µg/m3), SO2 (6.2 µg/m3), NOx (5.7 µg/m3) are within 250 m to 1,500 m from the proposed site; Maximum 1 hourly average GLC’s for Cl2 (0.32 µg/m3), HCl (0.65 µg/m3) & HC (0.63 µg/m3) are within 250 m from the proposed site; Average incremental GLC’s at all villages will continue to be well within specified norms of CPCB for ambient air quality.

Mitigation Measures for Air Quality Impacts:           

CFBC Boilers having sulphur reduction efficiency shall be > 92.75% (Lime dosing) purchased; Adequate height of at least 105 m will be provided as per the statutory requirements to flue gas stacks attached to boilers. APC like ESPs will be installed with it having at least 99.75% efficiency; Well-designed APCM like scrubbers (DM water & Caustic) will be provided as per the applicability to control emissions of HCl, Cl2 & HC; Online sensors for PM, SO2 & NOx shall be provided with flue gas stack attached to boilers; Online sensors for HCl & Cl2 shall be provided with stack attached to Hypo plant; Timely maintenance of APCMs, scrubbers, will be done; Plant load will be maintained to reduce the air emissions; Effective water spraying will be done on the access roads to control re-entrained dust during dry season (if required); Proper operating procedures will be followed during startup and shutdown; Proper PPE like dust masks will be provided to workers and its use ensured; Regular Work place monitoring will be done.

11.3.2

Traffic

From the proposed facility, approximately on daily basis, during peak hour, additional 132 PCU’s & 49 PCU’s will be merging into the existing traffic of NH-6 & NH-50 respectively. The incremental traffic will lead to maximum PCU of 1,070 (Bhachau-Gandhidham) on NH-6 & 210 (from Anjar – Bhimasar) on NH-50. Thus, the road is capable of carrying the excess traffic from the proposed facility. To ensure smooth traffic movement in the plant, proper in and out movement will be ensured. PUC certified vehicles, covered with tarpaulins, will be used. 11.3.3

Noise Environment

Using “SoundPlan” Modelling software, due to the proposed activities, Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) predicted at receiver varies from 29.2 (dB) to 50.6 (dB). Logarithmic incremental of these levels in baseline monitored data shows variation from 56.3 (dB) to 64.6 (dB) during day time and 46.9 (dB) to 58.1 (dB) during night time. Beyond 250 m from the project area, increase in noise level is negligible. Passive and active controls such as noise barriers or acoustic enclosure will be provided in DG sets. Use of suitable PPE (ear muffs or ear plugs) will be ensured. Thick green belt will be developed in the periphery of the facility.

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Water Environment

By taking various recycling and reuse steps, unit shall achieve Zero Liquid Discharge. No withdrawal of groundwater is proposed in the project. Hence, surface and ground water will not be impacted. Following mitigation measures will be implemented to minimize the impact on the water environment:      

During construction phase, sewage will be disposed into soak pit and septic tank. Regular cleaning will be carried out. There will be separate process and storm water drains. Properly designed effluent drains with side barriers will be provided & inflow will be diverted to ETP 1, ETP 2, RO, MEE followed by ATFD for necessary treatment. Zero Liquid Discharge shall be achieved by recycled and reuse of the treated waste water. Process, chemical fuel storage and handling area will have proper bunds and dyke walls so that contaminated run-off cannot meet the storm-water line. Rainwater harvesting will be done only in the admin building and from roof top of nearby schools.

During the heavy rainfall, water through internal storm water drains will meet nearest natural drain (0.8 Km from Project Site) leading to Estuary which is approximately 7.5 Km in SW direction from the project site. 11.3.5

Land Environment

Based on mutually agreed terms and conditions, land was acquired from various land owners. Currently the plot is in ownership of KCIL. Change in the land use, currently from barren (scrub land) to industrial use is envisaged. Following mitigation measures will be implemented to minimize the impact on the land environment:   

Storage areas for hazardous waste, fuel & raw material will be stored on impervious/RCC floor and will be designed to prevent leachate penetration; Generated hazardous wastes during project operation will be transported to an authorized TSDF operator and incineration; Secured Landfill Facility will be provided to store Brine sludge within plant premises.

11.3.6

Biological Environment

Removal of common site specific floral species from barren land of project site will not have significant or permanent impact on the habitat structure of associated faunal diversity. As the emissions from the plant are regulated and minimal with respect to the specified norms, and with a very healthy greenbelt is evidenced at the site in the form of several species, it then follows that the biological environment will be protected. Conservation plan has been prepared to enhance the population status of this Schedule species as well as overall improvement of biodiversity which will be implemented in consultation of State Forest Department. Greenbelt Development Greenbelt will be developed in 1,00,000 m2 (33% of total plot area). Considering 16 m2 (4x4) for one tree, project area will have plantation of 6,250 plants of suggested species. Plantation will be carried out around periphery, near / around built-up areas and along internal roads of the project area. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Socio-Economic Environment

While assessing the socio-economic and sociological impact including health impacts to surrounding population, the upcoming project will bring job opportunities for the local people.

11.4

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Various environmental parameters to be monitored are tabulated in Table 11-2.

Table 11-2: Environmental Monitoring Plan S. No.

Environmental Component / Parameter

Frequency of monitoring

Location

1

CEMS Sensors (HCl & Cl2).

Online

On stack attached with hypo scrubber.

Monthly

HCl unit stack vent, Hypo Stack Vent, AAC, PAC & Calcium Chloride Plant Stack Vent, PAP, Hydrogenated and Chlorinated Products Stack Vent.

Online

Boiler Stack.

Monthly

Boiler Stack & DG Set Stacks

2

HCl & Cl2 in stacks

3

PM, SO2, NOx in stack.

Twice in a month at site & once in a season at Villages

1) 3 Locations in site

4

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, HCl & Cl2 in ambient air. WPM for HCl & Cl2.

As per Factories Rules

At 5 locations within site and at Varsana & Padana Village

6

Noise levels

Monthly

Main Plants and Utilities Area

7

Water consumed in various activities and waste water generated from various areas of plants

Daily

Main intake, plantwise water supply line & effluent diversion line to ETPs.

8

Monitoring of wastewater inlet and outlet at ETP plants for the principal parameters (such as pH, SS, TDS, COD).

Daily

Streamwise inlet & outlet of ETPs

9

Surface water samples at nearby area. Parameters are essential parameters as per IS: 10500:2012.

Once in a Season

10

Quantity of Fly Ash Generated

Daily

Ash Silo

11

Quantity of Brine Sludge Generated

Daily

Secured Landfill Site

Soil analysis for EC, pH, permeability and ESP

Pre & post monsoon / in the event of accidental spillage

At Site

5

12

2) Varsana Village 3) Padana Village

1) Varsana Village Pond 2) Padana Village Pond

Expenditure to be incurred by KCIL on environmental monitoring and management shall include capital cost of ~ INR 43.57 Crore and ~ INR 15.63 Crore recurring cost (annually).

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11.5

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

11.5.1

Socio Economic Development Activities

11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Based on the need of the community, KCIL will do socio-economic development activities towards community welfare in the field of Health & Hygiene, Safe Drinking Water facilities, Educational Activities, Sanitation & Drainage System, Skill Development/Training Program Infrastructure Facilities in the study area. The proposed budget for CSR will be allocated for the ten years (life span of project). The project proponent has earmarked ~ INR 157 Lacs per year with 10% increase in the amount each year towards community development program in the study area. Thus, a budget of ~ 25 Crores (2.5% of total project cost) is earmarked to be spent on ESC/CSR Activities based on the yearly need based assessment. 11.5.2

Risk & Hazards

During operation of the proposed caustic chlorine, synthetic organic units & power plant, following activities can pose hazards and risk to human and surrounding environment:    

Storage of Benzene, Methanol & Chlorine; Loading and unloading hazardous waste - mechanical movements; Contact with hazardous chemicals; Storage of Incinerable Waste.

Scenarios considered for simulation in PHAST software were 2 mm, 10 mm leak & Catastrophic rupture for Benzene, Methanol & Chlorine tank. It is predicted that for Benzene & Methanol storage, with failure scenario of 10 mm leak having high radiation level of 12.5 kw/m2 in late pool fire within 21.5 m & 12.51 m respectively from storage tanks. While during Catastrophic Rupture having high radiation level of 12.5 kw/m2 in late pool fire, shall affect upto 62.9 m & 108.1 m respectively from storage tanks. Toxic dose of Benzene (during Catastrophic Rupture) & Chlorine (during 10 mm leak) for their IDLH i.e 500 ppm and 10 ppm will affect upto 479.9 m & 3,061.6 m. M/s. KCIL (Unit 2) will develop emergency management system (off-site & onsite emergency plan) to tackle any emergency situation for proposed facilities.

11.6

PROJECT BENEFITS

Due to establishment of the proposed project following benefits are envisaged for the locals and country:     

This project will avoid transportation of chlorine which is at present being transported through road from distant places; Many of proposed products have got very good export potential which can lead to forex revenues for the country; Project will encourage industrial growth due to the availability of finished products; The company will have market growth of its own brands name in various overseas countries; The company will carter needs of the domestic market and will reduce import of caustic soda;

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11. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

Employment potential for semi-skilled and unskilled workers will be generated during the construction phase and for skilled and semi-skilled during the operational phase; Other tangible benefits include development of various ancillary activities which shall generate indirect employment to the locals.

11.7

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

Environmental Monitoring Plan for suggested mitigation measures and monitoring plan will include:      

Review of Compliance of EMP, EC & statutory conditions in the management meeting; Preparation and timely submission of required statutory reports & Cess; Proper hazardous waste inventory accounting by HSE department; Monitoring for reduction in air emissions, effluent generation, generation of hazardous waste quantity by concerned department heads as per QMS developed by KCIL; Reviewing time bound action plan for imparting training to drivers and availability of TREM cards; Reviewing annual performance of EHS in board meeting;

An Environmental Management Cell with adequate professional expertise and resources shall be established to discharge responsibilities related to environmental management including statutory compliance, pollution prevention, environmental monitoring, etc.

11.8

CONCLUSION

Based on the EIA study conducted in Summer Season of 2016 (15th March, 2016 to 15st June, 2016), as per terms of reference given by EAC dated 15th July, 2016, the following highlight emerges:          

Project has various locational benefits like availability of common salt, coal from nearby region; Site is well connected with ports, highway and railway; As a part of backward integration, need of chlorine in the exiting plant will be fulfilled. Hence reducing risk hazard on road transportation; There is no applicability of General Conditions, as per EIA Notification, to the project; The proposed project, when established, shall fetch foreign exchange for the country as there is huge demand of chlorine based products in the international market; Strict adherence to all the applicable regulatory requirements will be complied with; Safety and environmental norms will be followed; Recycle & Reuse scheme will be implemented to reduce water consumption and achieve ZLD concept; Provision of air pollution control equipment, management of hazardous waste, will lead to minimum adverse environmental impacts; The project shall generate employment potential for skilled, semiskilled, unskilled people during construction & operation phase.

In view of this, the project may be considered for grant of Environmental Clearance.

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12. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS

KCIL, has appointed Kadam Environmental Consultants (Kadam) for carrying out this Environmental Impact Assessment Study as per the EIA notification, 2006 as amended till date. Kadam is accredited EIA Consultant organization by NABET, Quality Council of India under EIA accreditation scheme as per mandatory requirement of the MOEFCC, Govt. of India for carrying out Environmental Clearance studies. NABET Certificate (No. NABET/EIA/1316/SA 2 001 valid till 16th September, 2016) for the organization is attached as Annexure 16. It has approved EIA coordinators and Field Area Experts for undertaking Environmental and related studies in Twenty Five (25) approved sectors.

12.1

BRIEF RESUME AND NATURE OF CONSULTANCY (KADAM)

Kadam was established in 1981 and has more than 3 decades of varied experience in the field of environment. The Group has branch offices at Delhi and other places in Gujarat. The mission of company is providing sustainable solutions on “Environment for Development”. The company has a dedicated and experienced team of more than 200 technical staff. The team comprise of Environmental Planners and Engineers, Chemical and Civil Engineers, Geologist, SocioEconomic Experts, Microbiologists, Zoologists, Botanists and Industrial / Analytical Chemists. The company’s strength lies in Project Management, Performing Risk Assessment, Formulating Environmental Disaster Plans, Use of Satellite Imagery in Impact Assessment, Use of Mathematical Models for Air, Noise and Water Assessment and Expertise in Public Consultation. Customer services are mainly categorized into: 





Consultancy Services in the field of environmental impact assessment, environmental site assessment and due diligence, Enviro legal services, statutory environmental audits / statements, risk assessments and HAZOP, energy audit, environmental health and safety management systems and waste management systems; Engineering Services for collection and conveyance of liquid and solid wastes, designing and executing effluent and sewage treatment plants, municipal solid waste studies and solid waste management systems, bio gas plants, rain water harvesting systems and deep sea marine disposal systems; Laboratory services in chemical and waste testing, microbiology, soil testing and Field sampling (we have amongst the highest number of environmental field sampling equipment amongst environmental companies in the country). The company has a well-equipped laboratory with modern instruments and experienced staff catering to the need of statutory and advisory environmental testing for air, water and wastewater and hazardous solid waste.

The group has a varied industrial clientele encompassing Indian and Multinational Companies covering the industrial and services spectrum viz. Pesticides, Fertilizers, Bulk Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Paints, Chemicals, Oil and Gas, Real Estate, Hospitality and Infrastructure sectors. Kadam has received ISO 9001:2008 certification for its Quality management System from BSI-MS. Kadam’s laboratory is NABL accredited, MoEFCC approved under EP Act and has OHSAS 18001:2007 accreditation. KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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12. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS

EIA TEAM MEMBERS

Work presented in this report was carried out by Kadam with active co-operation from KCIL. The names of the EIA co-coordinator and FAEs deployed for the project are mentioned at the start of the report (in Quality Control section). Kadam’s team members (along with their role in the project) are given in Table 12-1.

Table 12-1: EIA Team Member Name

Task

Under Expert

AP

Collection of secondary IMD data, identifying monitoring locations, type of sampling and parameters to be monitored, verifying Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) results and collating it with IMD data.

Mr. Sameer Kadam

AQ

Preparation of emission estimates of pollutants from proposed stacks, vehicular exhaust as per CPCB’s emission standards. Running air quality model (AERMOD) and prediction of incremental GLCs at baseline receptors. Identification of possible impacts on AQ and discussing budgetary monitoring plan and finalizing costing with FAE – Cat, A.

Mr. Jayesh Makwana

RH

Identification of material to run for PHAST, based on its chemical properties, storage and usage, data interpretation of PHAST output results and contribution to EMP/RA/DMP Documentation.

Mr. Jayesh Makwana

EIA Study

Interaction with client for gathering data for making EC application (Form – 1), participating in ToR presentation, conducting public hearing, site visits for gathering secondary data for AP, AQ and RH related tasks, involvement in client meetings for drafting EIA & EMP report.

Mr. J.A. Rathi.

WP

Identification of sampling locations for surface water, evaluation of results of water quality. Identifying impacts, mitigation measures & suggesting EMP.

Mr. Sameer Kadam

Mr. Bhavin Jambucha (FAE – AP & AQ, Cat B.)

Ms. Kundan Ajudiya (FAE – WP, Cat. B)

Involvement

Role as TM

Identification and characterization as per the

SHW Ms. Ishita Garg (AFAE – SHW)

WP

HW (MHTM) Rules, 2008 & quantification as per material balance. Studying adequacy of storage space and suggesting mitigation measures for management of hazardous waste. Identification of sampling locations for surface water. Identifying impacts, mitigation measures & suggesting EMP.

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Mr. J A Rathi

Mr. Sameer Kadam

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(FAE – SHW, Cat B.)

SHW

Ms. Nazneen (AFAE – WP & SHW)

Mr. Neeraj Sharma (AFAE – HG & Geo)

Under Expert

Identification of waste generated from the industry, characterization & quantification as

Mr. J A Rathi

Identification of sampling locations for surface water, evaluation of results of water quality. Identifying impacts, mitigation measures & suggesting EMP.

Mr. Sameer Kadam

Identification and characterization as per the SHW

Mr. Nikunj Patel

Task

per the HW (MHTM) Rules, 2008.

WP

Mr. Amol Vadnere (FAE – RH, Cat B.)

Involvement

Role as TM

Mr. Anas Patel

12. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS

HW (MHTM) Rules, 2008. Studying adequacy of storage space and suggesting mitigation measures.

Mr. J A Rathi

RH

Identification of material to run for PHAST based on its chemical properties, storage and usage, running PHAST Model. Preparation of draft onsite and offsite emergency plans.

Mr. Jayesh Makwana

RH

Identification of material to run for PHAST, based on its chemical properties, storage and usage, Running PHAST Model.

Mr. Jayesh Makwana

HG & GEO

Site visit, Secondary data collection related to hydrology and geology. Ground truthing, field survey, mapping and hydrogeological studies related to ground water studies.

Mr. Pradeep Pofali

Assisting in impact identification and mitigation measures. SE

Site Visit, Secondary data collection and compilation of data in report

Mr. Anil Vishwakarma

Head – Draftsman

As head draftsman, involvement in preparation and releasing final maps like Land Use, project location, study area, baseline sampling location, site layout map & green belt plan prepared by subordinate draftsman.

All FAEs

Mr. Viraj Vyas

Draftsman

Preparation of various maps like Land Use, project location, study area, baseline sampling location, site layout map & green belt plan using AutoCAD.

Mr. Jayesh Gajjar

Ms. Arpana Patel (Sr. Chemist)

Laboratory Analysis

Analysis of Field monitoring samples.

FAE (AP, WP, HG, SC)

Mr. Manjay (Field Chemist)

Field Monitoring

Collection of air, water, solid & hazardous waste samples from sampling locations, monitoring noise levels for baseline study. Conducting traffic survey.

FAE (AP, WP, HG, NV, SC)

Mr. Satish Joshi (VP)

Report Review (Quality Control)

Review of Executive summary, Process description chapters of report.

Mr. JA Rathi

Ms. Aarti Sharma

Mr. Jayesh Gajjar

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ANNEXURES

ANNEXURES

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ANNEXURES

Annexure 1: EC Application for ToR to EAC, MoEFCC

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Annexure 2: Terms of Reference (ToR) Letter from EAC, MoEFCC dated 15th July, 2016

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Annexure 3: Land Possession Documents

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

236

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

237

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

238

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

239

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

240

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

241

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ANNEXURES

Annexure 4: In Principle Approval for Coal Supply

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242

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Annexure 5: In principle Water Permission from GWIL

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243

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Annexure 6: Permission for Hazardous Waste Disposal & Incineration

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

244

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Receipt from SEPPL for Accepting Hazardous Waste

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

245

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Annexure 7: Coal Analysis Report

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246

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Letter to Department of Atomic Energy, Hydrabad Regarding Radioactivity in Coal Sample

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

247

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

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Annexure 8: Long Term Meteorological Data (1981 – 2010) – IMD, New Kandla

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248

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

249

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

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ANNEXURES

Annexure 9: Classification of Land Use and Land Cover The National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Government of India, conducted a land use survey using Remote Sensing Techniques in the year 1988-89 at the behest of the Planning Commission for classifying land by visual interpretation techniques and digital techniques. NRSA’s output resulted in a two-level system of classification, comprising seven first level of classification of land use / landcover categories. Some of these primary categories required further delineation, leading to a second level of classification that resulted in further sub-categories. This system of classification has been the basis for Kadam’s land use / land cover studies. Whilst these categories are generally found relevant with respect to describing land use and land cover classes in the Indian context, sometimes modifications are required, and made, to include additional sub-categories which are more relevant in describing the land use and land cover for a particular study. Such sub-categories are defined, in any case. The definitions for the first and second level of classification are provided in the following sections. Built up Land or Habitation It is defined as an area of human habitation developed due to non-agricultural use and that which has a cover of buildings, transport, communication utilities in association with water vegetation and vacant lands. Kadam has chosen to further define this landuse category into additional categories, namely residential and industrial.

Residential / Commercial Structures used by humans for living and working, but not including structures used exclusively for manufacturing.

Industrial Structures used for manufacturing products. Agricultural Land It is defined as the land primarily used for farming and for production of food, fiber, and other commercial and horticultural crops. It includes land under crops (irrigated and un-irrigated), fallow land and plantations. These are further defined.

Crop Land It includes those lands with standing crop (per se) as on the date of the satellite imagery. The crops may be of either Kharif (June-September) or Rabi (October – March) or Kharif Rabi seasons.

Fallow Land It is described as agricultural land which is taken up for cultivation but is temporarily allowed to rest un-cropped for one or more seasons, but not less than one year. These lands are particularly those which are seen devoid of crops at the time when the imagery is taken during Rabi and Kharif.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Plantations Plantations are described as an area under agricultural tree crops (for e.g. mango plantations) planted adopting certain agricultural management techniques. It includes tea, coffee, rubber, coconut, arecanut, citrus, orchards and other horticultural nurseries. Forests It is an area (within the notified forest boundary) bearing an association predominantly of trees and other vegetation types capable of producing timber and other forest produce. Forests can be further divided into sub-categories mentioned as follows.

Evergreen / Semi-Evergreen Forests These are forests which comprise thick and dense canopy of tall trees, which predominantly remain green throughout the year. Such forests include both coniferous and tropical broad-leaved evergreen trees. Semi-evergreen forests are often a mixture of both deciduous and evergreen trees but the latter predominate.

Deciduous Forests These are described as forests which predominantly comprise of deciduous species and where the trees shed their leaves once in a year.

Degraded Forest or Scrub It is described as a forest where the vegetative (crown) density is less than 20% of the canopy cover. It is the result of both biotic and abiotic influences. Scrub is a stunted tree or bush/shrub.

Forest Blank A forest blank is an opening amidst forests without any tree cover. It includes openings of assorted size and shapes as seen on the imagery.

Forest Plantations It is described as an area of trees of species of forestry importance and raised on notified forest lands. It includes eucalyptus, casuarinas, bamboo, etc.

Mangroves Mangroves are described as a dense, thicker or woody, aquatic vegetation or forest cover occurring in tidal waters near estuaries and along the confluence of delta in coastal areas. Mangroves include species of the genera Rhizophora and Aviccunia. Wastelands Wastelands are described as degraded lands which can be brought under vegetative cover with reasonable water and soil management or on account of natural causes. Wastelands can result from internal/imposed constraints such as by location, environment, chemical and physical prosperities of the soil or financial or management constraints.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

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Different types of wastelands include salt-affected lands, waterlogged lands, marshy/swampy lands, mudlands, gullied / ravenous lands, land with or without scrub, sandy areas and barren rocky/ stony waste / sheet rock areas.

Salt-Affected Land The salt-affected land is generally characterized as the land that has adverse effects on the growth of most plants due to the action or presence of excess soluble or high exchangeable sodium. Alkaline land has an exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of about 15, which is generally considered as the limit between normal and alkali soils. The predominant salts are carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium. Coastal saline soils may be with or without ingress or inundation by seawater.

Waterlogged Land Waterlogged land is that land where the water is at/or near the surface and water stands for most of the year. Such lands usually occupy topographically low-lying areas. It excludes lakes, ponds and tanksor in the context of the Wetlands (Conservation and Management Rules, 2010) such areas that could be considered as ‘protected wetlands’.

Marshy/ Swampy Land / Mud Land Area Marshy land is that which is permanently or periodically inundated by water and is characterized by vegetation, which includes grasses and weeds. Marshes are classified into salt/brackish or fresh water depending on the salinity of water. These exclude Mangroves.

Gullied/Ravenous Land The ‘gullies’ are formed as a result of localized surface runoff affecting the friable unconsolidated material in the formation of perceptible channels resulting in undulating terrain. The gullies are the first stage of excessive land dissection followed by their networking which leads to the development of ravenous land. The word ‘ravine’ is usually associated not with an isolated gully but a network of deep gullies formed generally in thick alluvium and entering a nearby river, flowing much lower than the surrounding high grounds. The ravines are extensive systems of gullies developed along river courses.

Land with / without Scrub They occupy (relatively) higher topography like uplands or high grounds with or without scrub. These lands are generally prone to degradation or erosion. These exclude hilly and mountainous terrain.

Sandy Area (Coastal and Desertic) These are the areas, which have stabilized accumulations of sand in-site or transported in coastal riverine or inland (desert) areas. These occur either in the form of sand dunes, beaches, channel (river/stream) islands, etc.

Barren Rocky /Stony Waste/Sheet Rock Area It is defined as the rock exposures of varying lithology often barren and devoid of soil cover and vegetation and not suitable for cultivation. They occur amidst hill forests as openings or scattered as isolated exposures or loose fragments of boulders or as sheet rocks on plateau and plains. It includes quarry or gravel pit or brick kilns.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

252

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ANNEXURES

Water Bodies It is an area of impounded water, areal in extent and often with a regulated flow of water. It includes man-made reservoirs/lakes/tank/canals, besides natural lakes, rivers/streams and creeks.

River/Stream It is a course of flowing water on the land along definite channels. It includes from a small stream to a big river and its branches. It may be perennial or non-perennial.

Reservoir/Lakes/Ponds/Tanks It is a natural or man-made enclosed water body with a regulated flow of water. Reservoirs are larger than tanks/lakes and are used for generating electricity, irrigation and for flood control. Tanks are smaller in areal extent with limited use than the former. Canals are inland waterways used for irrigation and sometimes for navigation. Others It includes all those landuse and landcover classes which can be treated as miscellaneous because of their nature of occurrence, physical appearance and other characteristics.

Shifting Cultivation It is the result of cyclic land use practice of felling of trees and burning of forest areas for growing crops. Such lands are also known as jhoomlands and cultivation called jhoom cultivation.

Grassland/ Grazing Land It is an area of land covered with natural grass along with other vegetation, often grown for fodder to feed cattle and other animals. Such lands are found in river beds, on uplands, hill slopes, etc. Such lands can also be called as permanent pastures or meadows. Grazing lands are those where certain pockets of land are fenced for allowing cattle to graze.

Snow Covered /Glacial Area These are snow-covered areas defined as a solid form of water consisting of minute particles of ice. It includes permanently snow covered areas as on the Himalayas. Glacier is a mass of accumulated ice occurring amidst permanently snow-covered areas.

Ports/ Harbours A harbour is a place where ships may shelter from the weather or are stored. Harbors can be manmade or natural. A man-made harbor will have sea walls or breakwaters and may require dredging. A natural harbor is surrounded on most sides by land. A port is a man-made coastal or riverine facility where boats and ships can load and unload. It may consist of quays, wharfs, jetties, piers and slipways with cranes or ramps. A port may have magazine buildings or warehouses for storage of goods and a transport system, such as railway, road transport or pipeline transport facilities for relaying goods inland. In short a port is used mainly for marine trading and a harbour is used as a parking space or a storage space for ships

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

253

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

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ANNEXURES

Vegetation Cover It is a land area predominantly covered with vegetation and is not part of Protected / Reserved Forests. This includes scrub, open and close vegetation’s.

Scrub It is described as a vegetative cover having density is less than 10% of the canopy cover. Scrub is area covered by grasses or herbs and scattered tree or shrubs.

Open Vegetation This is also categorized based on the vegetation cover having density between 10% to 20% of the canopy cover.

Close Vegetation This is also categorized based on the vegetation cover having density greater than 20% of the canopy cover. A synopsis of the above discussion is summarized and presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Synopsis of Land Use / Land Cover Classification used for the Project S. No.

First Level Classification

1

Built-up Land or Habitation

Second Level Classification Residential / Commercial Industrial Crop Land

2

Agricultural Land

Fallow Land Plantations Evergreen / Semi-Evergreen Forests Deciduous Forests

3

Forests

Degraded Forest or Scrub Forest Blank Forest Plantations Mangroves Salt-Affected Land Waterlogged Land Marshy / Swampy Land / Mud Land Area

4

Wastelands

Gullied / Ravenous Land Land without Scrub Sandy Area (Coastal and Desertic) Barren Rocky / Stony Waste / Sheet Rock Area

5

Water Bodies

6

Others

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

River / Stream Reservoir / Lakes / Ponds / Tanks Shifting Cultivation Salt pan

254

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP First Level Classification

ANNEXURES

Second Level Classification Grassland / Grazing Land / Grass Cover Snow Covered /Glacial Area Ports/ Harbours Mining Area Scrub

7

Vegetation Cover

Open vegetation Close vegetation

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

255

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ANNEXURES

Annexure 10: CPCB’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

256

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KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

ANNEXURES

257

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ANNEXURES

Annexure 11: Detailed Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Average Pollutant Concentration (µg/m3) S N.

Station Code

CPCB Norms

Sampling Date

Sampling Location

Area / Category

Industrial, Residential or Rural Area

PM10

PM2.5

SO2

NOx

HCl

Cl2

HC

NMHC

VOC

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(Grab)

(Grab)

(Grab)

100

60

80

80

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

1

AA1

15.03.16

83

27

8.0

31.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

2

AA1

16.03.16

71

21

8.6

29.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

994

< 10

< 1 ppm

3

AA1

21.03.16

98

31

9.9

27.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

4

AA1

22.03.16

70

23

9.0

29.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

5

AA1

27.03.16

79

25

10.0

27.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

6

AA1

28.03.16

97

41

8.3

31.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA1

01.04.16

134

45

8.0

23.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,151

< 10

< 1 ppm

8

AA1

09.04.16

124

29

9.9

31.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

9

AA1

10.04.16

62

22

8.0

34.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

10

AA1

20.04.16

89

56

8.0

38.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,067

< 10

< 1 ppm

11

AA1

27.04.16

84

23

9.6

32.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

12

AA1

28.04.16

67

21

9.0

44.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA1

09.05.16

74

23

8.4

30.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,195

< 10

< 1 ppm

14

AA1

19.05.16

133

19

10.0

41.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

15

AA1

20.05.16

79

22

10.3

23.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

16

AA1

25.05.16

66

24

8.8

20.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,215

< 10

< 1 ppm

17

AA1

26.05.16

125

36

10.8

18.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

18

AA1

30.05.16

94

28

8.6

27.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

19

AA1

31.05.16

72

22

10.0

22.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

20

AA1

03.06.16

84

18

10.1

32.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

1

AA2

17.03.16

113

34

9.3

28.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,129

< 10

< 1 ppm

2

AA2

18.03.16

105

28

10.3

43.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

3

AA2

23.03.16

85

23

8.0

34.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

4

AA2

24.03.16

81

29

8.8

30.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

5

AA2

29.03.16

80

25

9.1

30.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

6

AA2

30.03.16

86

31

10.2

34.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA2

01.04.16

80

24

10.8

33.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

8

AA2

02.04.16

71

25

9.1

31.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,223

< 10

< 1 ppm

9

AA2

11.04.16

128

75

9.4

29.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

10

AA2

12.04.16

129

74

10.3

39.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

11

AA2

19.04.16

94

28

9.7

27.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

12

AA2

20.04.16

119

37

10.6

41.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,017

< 10

< 1 ppm

13

AA2

09.05.16

98

31

8.0

42.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,323

< 10

< 1 ppm

14

AA2

10.05.16

90

25

8.2

29.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

15

AA2

18.05.16

89

26

8.9

32.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

16

AA2

19.05.16

74

29

9.4

32.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,110

< 10

< 1 ppm

1

AA3

15.03.16

82

24

10.0

28.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

2

AA3

16.03.16

98

30

9.5

36.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,055

< 10

< 1 ppm

3

AA3

21.03.16

95

20

11.7

33.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

4

AA3

22.03.16

105

25

9.5

29.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

At Project Site

Varsana

Nandgaon

Barren

Residential

Residential

258

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ANNEXURES

Average Pollutant Concentration (µg/m3) S N.

Station Code

CPCB Norms

Sampling Date

Sampling Location

Area / Category

Industrial, Residential or Rural Area

PM10

PM2.5

SO2

NOx

HCl

Cl2

HC

NMHC

VOC

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(Grab)

(Grab)

(Grab)

100

60

80

80

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

--

--

--

5

AA3

27.03.16

97

30

8.0

28.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

6

AA3

28.03.16

109

35

10.8

44.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA3

02.04.16

85

32

9.0

29.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,291

< 10

< 1 ppm

8

AA3

07.04.16

117

45

8.0

27.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

9

AA3

08.04.16

68

37

8.0

28.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

10

AA3

15.04.16

116

38

9.1

38.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

11

AA3

16.04.16

96

33

8.0

30.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,040

< 10

< 1 ppm

12

AA3

29.04.16

107

38

8.0

39.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA3

03.05.16

73

26

9.9

43.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

14

AA3

09.05.16

70

21

10.3

38.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,285

< 10

< 1 ppm

15

AA3

15.05.16

61

19

8.2

33.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

16

AA3

21.05.16

76

25

8.0

34.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

17

AA3

25.05.16

93

24

8.8

33.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,317

< 10

< 1 ppm

18

AA3

26.05.16

91

31

8.0

33.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

19

AA3

29.05.16

80

22

10.6

36.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

20

AA3

30.05.16

88

24

9.6

29.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

21

AA3

03.06.16

66

21

8.2

38.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

22

AA3

04.06.16

73

28

9.4

36.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

1

AA4

17.03.16

89

25

9.9

27.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

2

AA4

18.03.16

101

32

9.4

30.5

0.69

0.76

1,037

< 10

< 1 ppm

3

AA4

23.03.16

87

27

9.2

43.3

1.01

8.03

--

--

--

4

AA4

24.03.16

100

31

8.3

43.7

2.62

2.84

--

--

--

5

AA4

29.03.16

87

27

9.6

37.8

4.54

11.85

--

--

--

6

AA4

30.03.16

95

31

8.0

36.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA4

01.04.16

116

35

9.7

32.5

4.90

< 1.0

1,253

< 10

< 1 ppm

8

AA4

07.04.16

114

25

10.8

29.5

8.57

9.76

--

--

--

9

AA4

08.04.16

76

25

8.1

34.4

4.84

6.02

--

--

--

10

AA4

18.04.16

118

39

8.2

26.0

0.73

< 1.0

--

--

--

11

AA4

19.04.16

127

38

10.2

35.4

< 1.0

0.87

1,038

< 10

< 1 ppm

12

AA4

25.04.16

121

50

10.6

39.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA4

26.04.16

104

24

9.9

28.5

7.91

12.15

--

--

--

14

AA4

07.05.16

126

35

9.8

29.9

< 1.0

5.46

1,379

< 10

< 1 ppm

15

AA4

23.05.16

120

31

9.4

44.5

8.00

10.06

--

--

--

16

AA4

24.05.16

111

29

10.5

41.2

6.31

7.71

1,310

< 10

< 1 ppm

17

AA4

28.05.16

92

24

8.8

21.2

1.67

2.33

--

--

--

18

AA4

29.05.16

83

35

9.9

35.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

19

AA4

01.06.16

68

23

10.2

38.0

2.24

1.20

--

--

--

20

AA4

02.06.16

126

40

10.0

32.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

1

AA5

17.03.16

2

AA5

18.03.16

3

AA5

23.03.16

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

KCIL (Unit 1)

Padana

Industrial

Residential

87

27

8.8

34.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

107

34

9.9

40.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

88

32

10.1

35.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,205

< 10

< 1 ppm

259

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Average Pollutant Concentration (µg/m3) S N.

Station Code

CPCB Norms

Sampling Date

Sampling Location

Area / Category

Industrial, Residential or Rural Area

PM10

PM2.5

SO2

NOx

HCl

Cl2

HC

NMHC

VOC

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(Grab)

(Grab)

(Grab)

100

60

80

80

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

4

AA5

24.03.16

84

25

8.8

27.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

5

AA5

29.03.16

114

35

10.7

43.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

6

AA5

30.03.16

84

26

9.2

37.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA5

05.04.16

105

35

8.0

21.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,247

< 10

< 1 ppm

8

AA5

06.04.16

93

25

8.3

24.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

9

AA5

13.04.16

98

36

10.5

31.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

10

AA5

14.04.16

93

32

9.6

27.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,083

< 10

< 1 ppm

11

AA5

24.04.16

68

22

9.6

21.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

12

AA5

01.05.16

107

31

9.5

29.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA5

11.05.16

118

23

8.5

34.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,172

< 10

< 1 ppm

14

AA5

12.05.16

88

24

9.8

28.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

15

AA5

27.05.16

73

25

10.8

42.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,370

< 10

< 1 ppm

16

AA5

28.05.16

95

31

10.8

26.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

17

AA5

01.06.16

72

23

10.9

40.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

18

AA5

02.06.16

63

13

8.1

34.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

1

AA6

19.03.16

92

29

8.4

36.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

2

AA6

20.03.16

96

32

9.7

31.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,148

< 10

< 1 ppm

3

AA6

25.03.16

81

24

9.6

32.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

4

AA6

26.03.16

90

28

10.5

34.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

5

AA6

04.04.16

98

31

9.6

37.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,112

< 10

< 1 ppm

6

AA6

11.04.16

73

16

10.1

35.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA6

12.04.16

95

40

10.4

41.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

8

AA6

20.04.16

88

39

8.0

26.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,217

< 10

< 1 ppm

9

AA6

21.04.16

98

29

8.0

22.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

10

AA6

26.04.16

90

25

9.8

39.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

11

AA6

03.05.16

112

44

8.4

28.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,282

< 10

< 1 ppm

12

AA6

13.05.16

77

19

8.0

25.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA6

14.05.16

92

25

10.4

24.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

14

AA6

17.05.16

104

30

8.7

29.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

15

AA6

18.05.16

85

23

10.3

40.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

16

AA6

23.05.16

82

18

8.0

34.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

17

AA6

24.05.16

125

35

10.0

41.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,411

< 10

< 1 ppm

18

AA6

31.05.16

84

24

8.0

23.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

19

AA6

05.06.16

124

40

9.2

26.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

1

AA7

19.03.16

99

32

8.6

31.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

2

AA7

20.03.16

89

26

8.0

41.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,229

< 10

< 1 ppm

3

AA7

25.03.16

97

34

8.9

34.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

4

AA7

26.03.16

81

29

8.0

33.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

5

AA7

03.04.16

78

35

10.8

31.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,206

< 10

< 1 ppm

6

AA7

09.04.16

62

20

10.9

25.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA7

10.04.16

122

30

10.0

33.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Bhimasar

Modvadar

Residential

Residential

260

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Average Pollutant Concentration (µg/m3) S N.

Station Code

Sampling Date

CPCB Norms

Sampling Location

Area / Category

Industrial, Residential or Rural Area

PM10

PM2.5

SO2

NOx

HCl

Cl2

HC

NMHC

VOC

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(24 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(1 Hr.)

(Grab)

(Grab)

(Grab)

100

60

80

80

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

8

AA7

18.04.16

83

25

8.0

26.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

9

AA7

19.04.16

119

39

10.0

24.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,077

< 10

< 1 ppm

10

AA7

24.04.16

128

26

9.5

30.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

11

AA7

25.04.16

90

31

10.3

23.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

12

AA7

07.05.16

106

30

8.5

31.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA7

11.05.16

113

33

10.3

22.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,205

< 10

< 1 ppm

14

AA7

12.05.16

116

33

10.0

25.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

15

AA7

17.05.16

89

23

8.9

28.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

16

AA7

18.05.16

87

26

9.7

34.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

17

AA7

25.05.16

84

41

9.6

40.1

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,388

< 10

< 1 ppm

18

AA7

26.05.16

77

25

9.4

36.3

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

19

AA7

29.05.16

82

21

8.0

26.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

20

AA7

30.05.16

98

27

9.9

40.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

1

AA8

15.03.16

91

27

10.4

36.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

2

AA8

16.03.16

89

34

9.7

38.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

3

AA8

21.03.16

98

31

8.0

35.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,247

< 10

< 1 ppm

4

AA8

22.03.16

100

38

9.4

28.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

5

AA8

27.03.16

96

27

8.0

32.8

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

6

AA8

28.03.16

94

30

8.4

33.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

7

AA8

05.04.16

93

37

9.6

26.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,117

< 10

< 1 ppm

8

AA8

06.04.16

93

27

9.9

31.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

9

AA8

13.04.16

121

26

9.1

29.7

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

10

AA8

14.04.16

127

41

8.7

24.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,039

< 10

< 1 ppm

11

AA8

27.04.16

61

24

8.8

24.6

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

12

AA8

28.04.16

110

30

10.2

34.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

13

AA8

05.05.16

116

42

8.2

25.5

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

14

AA8

14.05.16

82

24

8.0

26.4

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,221

< 10

< 1 ppm

15

AA8

16.05.16

78

39

8.2

28.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

16

AA8

21.05.16

54

34

8.0

32.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

17

AA8

22.05.16

88

24

9.2

33.9

< 1.0

< 1.0

1,199

< 10

< 1 ppm

18

AA8

04.06.16

68

26

8.0

36.0

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

19

AA8

05.06.16

72

24

9.6

31.2

< 1.0

< 1.0

--

--

--

Pashuda

Residential

-- indicates samples not taken on that date.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

261

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Annexure 12: Impact Assessment Methodology Key Definitions

Environment Surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation.

Environmental Aspect Element of an organization’s activities or products or services that can interact with the environment. Environmental aspects could include activities that occur during normal, abnormal and emergency operations. Environmental aspects selected for further study should be large enough for meaningful examination and small enough to be easily understood.

Environmental Impact Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspect.

Environmental Indices The environment includes surroundings in which an organization operates such as air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interrelation. The environmental indices (or parts of the receiving environment on which impacts are being assessed) include: Land use/land cover, air quality, noise quality, surface water environment, ground water environment, soil, ecology and bio diversity, socio economics, occupational health, community health and safety. After the identification of impacting activities, impacts require to be assessed based on subjective / objective criteria to assess the impacting activities. This is done in the following steps: Identification of Impacts This entails employing a simple checklist method requiring:    

Listing of environmental aspects (i.e. activities or parts thereof that can cause environmental impacts) Identifying applicable components of the environment on which the environmental aspects can cause an environmental impact Making notes of the reason / possible inter-relationships that lead to environmental impact creation Listing the environmental components likely to receive impacts, along with the key impacting activities on each component

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

262

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Component Wise Environment Risk Assessment and Mitigation A component wise approach to environmental risk assessment and mitigation is now applied. For each environmental component (Air Pollution and Air Quality, Noise, Water, Land, EB, RD, SE, OH&HS), this is carried through a series of steps as follows.

Step 1: Review and Assessment of the Specific Aspects Generating Environmental Risk Several scientific techniques and methodologies are also used to predict impacts on the environment. Mathematical models are useful tools (where applicable) to quantitatively describe the cause and effect relationships between sources of pollution and different components of environment. In cases where it is not possible to identify and validate a model for a particular situation, predictions have been arrived at based on logical reasoning / consultation / extrapolation or overlay methods. In any case, for each component of the environment, the methods used to arrive at the likely impacts require to be described.

Step 2: Quantifying the Environmental Risk, Identifying Aspects Causing Unacceptable Levels of Risk and Prioritizing Aspects Requiring Mitigation Measures Once a general understanding of the impacts has been studied and understood, efforts are made to compare different impacts so as to prioritize mitigation measures, focusing on those impacting activities (i.e. aspects) that require urgent mitigation. For ease of comparison across different activities, a summary environmental risk score is calculated. Two key elements are taken into consideration based on standard environmental risk assessment methodologies:  

Severity: the resultant effect of an activity and its interaction with the physical, biological and/or socio-economic environments. Probability: the likelihood that an impact may occur due to the project activity/aspect.

A combination of severity with probability gives a reasonable measure of environmental risk, which aids in decision making. It must always be kept in mind that any scoring methodology howsoever well-

defined is subjective and different persons can arrive at different impact risk scores based on their understanding / opinion. Therefore end results should be evaluated against past experience as well as professional judgment as well as project and activity specific conditions to ensure adequacy and equity. Kadam has made an effort to ensure that the scoring does not change significantly assuming that different evaluators are equally well informed on the project as well as knowledgeable on the concerned issues. The steps in identifying environmental risk for each environmental component and scoring the impact severity are discussed in subsequent Annexures. Scoring the Impact Severity For the impacting activities which needs to comply with legal requirement, EP Rules / NOC / Other Statutory permissions, shall not require scoring, and shall be considered Significant. The severity on various environmental receptors have been ranked into 5 levels ranging from Insignificant to Catastrophic and as given in Table 1. This table covers impacts only focusing on the study being undertaken by Kadam’s Functional Area Experts.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

263

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Table 1: Impact Scoring System – Severity Assessment Severity (Impact and Score16)

S No.

Environmental Component Impacted

(+/-) 1 point

C1

C2

C3

1

Air Quality

Insignificant

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(+/-) 3 points

(+/-) 4 points

(+) 5 points

C4

C5

C6

C7

Minor environmental impact* with no lasting detrimental effects

Moderate environmental impact* leading to visual impacts, at significant nuisance levels

Significant environmental impact** leading to exceedance of limits specified in EP Rules

Unacceptable environmental impact*** leading to possibility of chronic / acute health issues, injuries or fatalities

Minor (+/-) 2 points

Temporary nuisance*

Background Noise Levels, with respect to Applicable Limit17 as per The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, as Measured at Boundary of Relevant Noise Generating Unit <10% or more 2

Between <10 to <5%

Between <5% or the limit

Upto 5% above the limit

>5% above the limit

Incremental Noise Levels, as Predicted at Boundary of Relevant Noise Generating Unit

Ambient Noise 1 dB(A) or less

1 dB(A) – 2 dB(A)

2 dB(A) – 3 dB(A)

3 dB(A) – 4 dB(A)

4 dB(A) or more

Incremental Noise Levels, as Predicted at Boundary of Nearest Human Settlement / Sensitive Receptor from Boundary of Relevant Noise Generating Unit 0.5 dB(A) or less

0.5 dB(A) – 1 dB(A)

< 50

51 – 100

1 dB(A) – 1.5 dB(A)

1.5 dB(A) – 2 dB(A)

2 dB(A) or more

250 – 500

501 and above

5 – 10 years

10 years or more

Water Consumption (KLD) 3.1

101 – 250

Water Consumption, Duration

Surface Water < 1 year

1 – 3 years

3 – 5 years

Wastewater Discharge Quality

1 16 17

In case none of the impacts are applicable, then Not Applicable (NA) is written in the appropriate cell. For Leq (day) or Leq (night), whichever is higher.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

264

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Severity (Impact and Score16)

S No.

Environmental Component Impacted

(+/-) 1 point

C1

C2

C3

Insignificant

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(+/-) 3 points

(+/-) 4 points

(+) 5 points

C4

C5

C6

C7

No wastewater generation

Zero Discharge18

Discharge to an authorized, functional CETP

Other discharge within limits specified by the EP Rules

Other discharge, outside limits specified by the EP Rules

Safe

Semi-critical

Minor (+/-) 2 points

Location of Drawl, as per CGWA / CGWB Regulations Critical

Over-exploited

Notified

250 – 500

501 and more

5 – 10 years

10 years or more

Discharge to an authorized, functional CETP

Other discharge within limits specified by the EP Rules

Other discharge, outside limits specified by the EP Rules

Loss of upto 60% topsoil, or actual or possible contamination of soil volume <25 m3 but above Dutch Intervention Values

Loss of upto 80% topsoil, or actual or possible contamination of soil volume >25 m3 and above Dutch Intervention Values, but not deemed to require urgent remediation

Loss of upto 100% topsoil, or actual or possible contamination of soil volume >25 m3 and above Dutch Intervention Values19, and deemed to require urgent remediation

Water Drawl (KLD)

3.2

< 50

51 – 100

< 1 year

1 – 3 years

101 - 250

Water Drawl, Duration

Ground Water

3 – 5 years

Wastewater Discharge Quality No wastewater generation

4.1

Soil Quality

Loss of upto 20% topsoil, or minor contamination of soil that can be easily restored close to original condition for volume <10 m3

Zero Discharge

Loss of upto 40% topsoil, or actual or possible contamination of soil volume <25 m3 but below Dutch Intervention Values

1 18 19

Meaning that any wastewater generated is recycled and any non-recycled water is disposed without discharge, through an appropriate means such as thermal destruction. Source: Ministry of Housing Spatial Planning and the Environment, Netherlands; Soil Remediation Circular 2009, Annex A.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

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ANNEXURES

Severity (Impact and Score16)

S No.

Environmental Component Impacted

(+/-) 1 point

C1

C2

C3

Insignificant

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(+/-) 3 points

(+/-) 4 points

(+) 5 points

C4

C5

C6

C7

Very short term

Short term

Long term

(upto 1 year)

(>1 - 3 years)

Medium term (>3 - 5 years)

Very long term (>10 years)

Minor (+/-) 2 points

Duration

Land Use / Landcover 4.2

(Average Score to be taken based on Duration, Extent and Intensity)

Solid Hazardous Waste 4.3

5.1

(Average Score to be taken based on Type, Quantity, Storage & Mode of Disposal)

Ecology and Bio-diversity: Terrestrial

(> 5-10 years)

Extent (Area affected) Very Limited (Within core zone)

Limited (<1 km around core zone)

Medium Range

Long Range

>1 – 3.0 km around core zone)

(>3 – 7 km around core zone)

Extensive (>7.0 km around core zone)

Effect on land use/cover classes Non-agricultural land, Land without scrub, Industrial area with scrub land

Scrub land

Water body

Agricultural land, Open and Close Vegetation

Forest Area

Biomedical Waste

HW

250 – 500

> 500

50 - <75

75 – 90

 Site specific impact on threatened species but impacted species is widely distributed outside the project site. Short term impacts may

 Impact on threatened species listed in as a endemic / Schedule-I as per IWPA 1972, BSI, Red Data Book, ZSI, BSI or literature

Type ISW

MSW

E-waste / Plastic Waste Quantity Generated (MT/Annum)

< 50

50 to <150

<5

5 - <25

150 to <250 Storage (days) 25 - <50 Mode of Disposal

 Site specific loss (removal) of common floral species (but not any tree or trees).  Vegetation composition does not form a habitat

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

 Site specific loss (removal) of some saplings of trees.  Minor temporary impacts on ecosystem functioning or habitat ecology of

 Site specific loss (removal) of some common well grown tree / trees species.  Site specific loss of nesting / breeding

266

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

S No.

Environmental Component Impacted

C1

C2

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

Severity (Impact and Score16) Insignificant

Minor (+/-) 2 points

(+/-) 1 point C3

C4

character for any species of conservation significance.  No short term or long term impacts are likely to adversely affect the surrounding habitat / ecosystem.  Site specific disturbance to common / generalist faunal species (e.g. movement pattern, displacement etc.).  No negative impacts on surrounding ecosystem functioning or habitat ecology.

5.2

6.1

Ecology and Bio-diversity: Aquatic

ANNEXURES

 Occasional short term impact and / or disruption to aquatic flora and fauna

common / generalist species.  Minor short term / long term impacts on surrounding / immediate / adjacent habitats and are resilient to changes in habitat structure or condition.  Impact on surrounding agro-ecosystem / agriculture when environmental data / parameters are within permissible limits.

 Minor impact on aquatic ecosystem, including flora, fauna and habitat. No significant impact on water resources.

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(+/-) 3 points

(+/-) 4 points

(+) 5 points

C5 habitat of common / generalist species of flora-fauna but will not result in permanent loss of habitat.  Short term or long term impacts are likely to adversely affect the surrounding habitat character/ habitat ecology/ functioning of ecosystem.  Impact on surrounding agro-ecosystem / agriculture when physical parameters with marginal increase but can be mitigated.  Significant localized impacts but without long term impact on aquatic ecosystem and/or short term impacts on water resources.

C6 lead to loss of abundance or extent, but unlikely to cause local population extinction.  Site specific habitat loss of fauna listed in IUCN, WCMC, Birdlife International, or any other international literature - secondary information.  Impacts on habitats / ecosystems of international importance.

 Significant widespread impact on protected wildlife or aquatic ecosystem of moderate duration

C7 published by any State Govt. Institute, University and Collage etc.  Loss of habitat of above said florafauna.  Impact on genetic diversity Impact on NP /PF /WLS /ESZ /IBA / tiger reserve / elephant corridor / corridor.  Impact on ecosystem like river, forest, wetland (e.g. RAMSAR site etc.) etc.  Damage to an extensive portion of aquatic ecosystem resulting in severe impacts on aquatic population and habitats and or long term impact on water resources.

Possible Temporary or Permanent Migration, Persons as a % of Population of Study Area

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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ANNEXURES

Severity (Impact and Score16)

S No.

Environmental Component Impacted

(+/-) 1 point

C1

C2

C3

Insignificant

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(+/-) 3 points

(+/-) 4 points

(+) 5 points

C4

C5

C6

C7

<1%

<1.5%

<2%

2.5%

Minor (+/-) 2 points

<0.5%

Possible Change in Ethnicity, vis-à-vis Major Existing Ethnicities Present in Study Area Socio-economic Environment: Social Aspects

Not Likely

Possible

Not Likely

Possible

Limited

Significant

Severe

Gender Imbalance, as a Proportion to Existing Sex-Ratio Limited

Significant

Severe

Possibility of Return to Original Status in Terms of Any or All of the Above Changes <1 year

<2 years

<50

Up to 75

<3 years

<5 years

Permanent Change

Up to 250

Up to 500 or more

500

1000 or more

<100

>100

No of Jobs Gained or Lost

6.2

Socio-economic Environment: Economic Aspects

Up to 100

Persons Having Loss or Gain in Income <50

100

250

Land Losers <10

<20

<50

Losers of Homesteads <5

6.3

Socio-economic Aspects: Cultural

Minor repairable damage to commonplace structures

<10

<25

<50

>50

Minor repairable damage to structures / items of cultural significance, or minor infringements of cultural values

Moderate damage to structures/ items of cultural significance, or significant, infringement of cultural values/ sacred location

Major damage to structures / items of cultural significance, or major infringement of cultural values / sacred locations

Irreparable damage to highly various structures / items / locations of cultural significance or sacred value

Single fatality or permanent total disabilityfrom an accident or occupational illness

Multiple Fatalities-From an accident of occupational illness

Consequence Distance

7.1

Risk to People

Slight injury or health effects (including first aid case and medical treatment case). Not

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

Minor injury or health effects- Affecting work performance, e.g. restriction to activities, or

Major injury of health effects (including permanent disability)Affecting work

268

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

S No.

Environmental Component Impacted

C1

C2

7.2

Risk to Environment

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Severity (Impact and Score16) Insignificant (+/-) 1 point

Minor (+/-) 2 points

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(+/-) 3 points

(+/-) 4 points

(+) 5 points

C6

C7

Major effect- Severe environmental damage. The company is required to take extensive measures to restore polluted or damaged environment to its original state. Extended exceeding of statutory or prescribed limits

Massive effect-Persistent severe environmental damage or severe nuisance extending over a large area. In terms of commercial or recreational use or nature conservation, a major economic loss for the company. Constant, high exceeding of statutory or prescribed limits

C3

C4

C5

affecting work performance or causing disability

need to take a time off work to recover. Limited, reversible health effects e.g. skin irritation, food poisoning

performance in the longer term. e.g. prolonged absence from work. Irreversible health damage without loss of life, e.g. noise induced hearing loss, chronic back injuries

Slight Effect- Local Environment damage. Within the fence and within system. Negligible financial consequences

Minor effect- contamination. Damage sufficiently large to attack the environment. Single exceeding of statutory or prescribed criterion. Single complaint. No permanent effect on the environment

Localized effect- Limited loss of discharges of known toxicity. Repeated exceeding of statutory or prescribed limit. Affecting neighborhood. Spontaneous recovery of limited damage within one year

* Due to controlled / uncontrolled release of air emissions, odor / dust or greenhouse gases. ** Due to release of air emissions, odor / dust or greenhouse gases. *** Due to release of air emissions, odor / dust.

Quantifying the Probability of Occurrence of the Impact After identifying the severity as shown in above table, the probability of occurrence also needs to be estimated to arrive at a complete picture of environmental impact risk. Table 2 provides probability / likelihood ratings on a Scale of 1-5. These ratings are used for estimating the likelihood of each occurrence.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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ANNEXURES

Table 2: Probability of Occurrence Description

Environment/Health and Safety

Probability

Frequent

Continuous occurrence or each day during the project life cycle

5

Regular

Occurs several times each year during the project life cycle

4

Periodic

Might occur annually during the project life cycle

3

Occasional

Might happen few times during the project life cycle

2

Rare

One time or one-off event during the project life cycle

1

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Quantifying Environmental Impact Risk The level of Environmental Impact Risk is calculated by multiplying the Severity Score and the Probability of Occurrence together. Thus,

Significance of Impact = Severity Score × Probability of Occurrence The final score is in relative point score, rather than actual impact. The impact estimation is carried out assuming well managed operations with the use of standard safety measures. Table 3 below assigns Significance / Consequence criteria, based on the scale of 1-25, used for prioritizing mitigation measures for reducing the environmental impact risks and thereafter, formulating and implementing budgetary Environmental Management Plans (EMPs). Mitigation measures require being formulated and implemented for all extreme, high and moderate severe activities.

Table 3: Environmental Impact Significance / Consequence Criteria Significance / Consequence Probability

Insignificant

Minor

Moderate

Major

Catastrophic

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Rare (1)

1

2

3

4

5

Possible (2)

2

4

6

8

10

Likely (3)

3

6

9

12

15

Often (4)

4

8

12

16

20

Certain (5)

5

10

15

20

25

Identifying Activities Causing Unacceptable Levels of Environmental Risk Environmental risks are now clubbed into five levels from extreme severe to negligible activities.  



Extreme risk activities are unacceptable and therefore need to be either stopped or modified such that they are brought to a lower level of environmental risk. High and moderate risk activities, although acceptable, require being evaluated and mitigated in a manner that their consequences / probabilities are lowered, with more focus on high risk activities vis-à-vis moderate risk activities. Low risk activities do not require further mitigation unless escalation of risk is possible.

This is summarized in Table 4.

Table 4: Environmental Risk Categorization Score

Type of Risk

Action Required

21 – 25

Extremely Severe

Activity should not proceed in current form.

13 – 20

Highly Severe

Activity should be modified to include remedial planning and actions and be subject to detailed assessment.

7 – 12

Moderate Severe

Activity can operate subject to management and / or modification.

4–6

Less Severe

No immediate action required unless escalation of risk is possible. However surveillance is required.

1–3

Negligible

No immediate action required, however surveillance is required.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

271

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Annexure 13: Air Dispersion Modeling Results and Isopleths

Figure 1: Isopleth for Concentration of PM10

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Incremental Increase in GLC of PM10 (µg/m3) to Ambient Air PM10 Concentration from Proposed Site DIRECTION

DISTANCE (METERS)

(Degrees)

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

10

0.27

0.17

0.12

0.10

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

20

0.28

0.18

0.17

0.16

0.13

0.12

0.09

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

30

0.29

0.21

0.24

0.22

0.20

0.17

0.12

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

40

0.30

0.25

0.28

0.25

0.20

0.16

0.11

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

50

0.29

0.24

0.26

0.29

0.35

0.39

0.40

0.35

0.28

0.22

0.18

0.14

0.12

0.10

0.09

60

0.27

0.28

0.41

0.59

0.67

0.65

0.58

0.42

0.30

0.22

0.17

0.13

0.11

0.09

0.08

70

0.25

0.30

0.50

0.55

0.56

0.67

0.78

0.62

0.48

0.40

0.33

0.28

0.24

0.21

0.19

80

0.22

0.31

0.47

0.67

0.83

1.00

0.94

0.58

0.36

0.25

0.18

0.13

0.11

0.09

0.08

90

0.16

0.30

0.36

0.51

0.62

0.62

0.55

0.43

0.35

0.29

0.25

0.23

0.22

0.21

0.19

100

0.07

0.30

0.36

0.68

0.71

0.64

0.49

0.31

0.23

0.19

0.16

0.14

0.12

0.12

0.11

110

0.07

0.28

0.26

0.43

0.49

0.47

0.36

0.23

0.22

0.24

0.24

0.22

0.21

0.19

0.18

120

0.08

0.27

0.20

0.22

0.20

0.17

0.14

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

130

0.07

0.27

0.19

0.13

0.11

0.12

0.13

0.12

0.11

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

140

0.12

0.26

0.19

0.13

0.14

0.18

0.24

0.27

0.26

0.23

0.22

0.20

0.18

0.17

0.16

150

0.20

0.26

0.18

0.15

0.17

0.17

0.18

0.19

0.17

0.15

0.14

0.12

0.11

0.10

0.09

160

0.23

0.25

0.17

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.18

0.17

0.15

0.14

0.13

0.12

0.12

0.11

170

0.26

0.29

0.23

0.15

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.04

180

0.27

0.31

0.32

0.26

0.18

0.12

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

190

0.27

0.30

0.38

0.35

0.27

0.20

0.13

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

200

0.27

0.30

0.40

0.37

0.30

0.23

0.14

0.12

0.12

0.12

0.11

0.10

0.09

0.09

0.08

210

0.27

0.37

0.46

0.43

0.35

0.27

0.17

0.08

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

220

0.27

0.45

0.54

0.50

0.44

0.38

0.27

0.14

0.09

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.04

230

0.26

0.51

0.52

0.50

0.45

0.39

0.29

0.18

0.13

0.10

0.08

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.06

240

0.25

0.46

0.55

0.51

0.44

0.37

0.26

0.15

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DIRECTION

ANNEXURES

DISTANCE (METERS)

250

0.27

0.36

0.40

0.39

0.36

0.33

0.26

0.17

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

260

0.28

0.32

0.28

0.22

0.18

0.16

0.12

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

270

0.29

0.29

0.24

0.19

0.15

0.12

0.08

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

280

0.28

0.28

0.22

0.17

0.13

0.10

0.07

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

290

0.27

0.26

0.21

0.16

0.12

0.10

0.07

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

300

0.25

0.24

0.18

0.14

0.11

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

310

0.22

0.20

0.15

0.11

0.08

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

320

0.23

0.15

0.11

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

330

0.24

0.15

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

340

0.24

0.15

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

350

0.24

0.16

0.12

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

360

0.25

0.17

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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ANNEXURES

Figure 2: Isopleth for Concentration of SO2

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M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Incremental Increase in GLC of SO2 (µg/m3) to Ambient Air SO2 Concentration from Proposed Site DIRECTION

DISTANCE (METERS)

(Degrees)

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

10

2.11

0.80

0.51

0.41

0.34

0.28

0.20

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

20

5.87

1.32

0.77

0.62

0.50

0.43

0.33

0.20

0.15

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.06

30

6.18

2.39

1.33

0.92

0.72

0.59

0.42

0.24

0.16

0.12

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

40

6.02

2.78

1.90

1.33

0.96

0.73

0.46

0.33

0.26

0.20

0.16

0.14

0.11

0.10

0.08

50

4.11

2.59

2.00

1.65

1.55

1.56

1.49

1.25

0.97

0.77

0.61

0.50

0.42

0.35

0.31

60

3.63

2.55

2.62

2.63

2.56

2.42

2.08

1.49

1.05

0.77

0.58

0.46

0.37

0.31

0.26

70

2.79

2.72

2.82

2.52

2.34

2.47

2.76

2.16

1.69

1.39

1.15

0.96

0.82

0.72

0.64

80

2.34

2.46

2.59

2.79

2.98

3.50

3.22

1.97

1.24

0.84

0.60

0.46

0.38

0.33

0.29

90

2.21

1.95

2.09

2.61

2.73

2.55

2.09

1.57

1.25

1.07

0.95

0.86

0.79

0.74

0.70

100

2.36

1.89

2.09

2.90

2.83

2.47

1.85

1.15

0.83

0.68

0.57

0.49

0.44

0.41

0.37

110

3.21

1.63

1.54

1.88

1.97

1.80

1.36

1.22

1.16

1.07

0.96

0.86

0.80

0.74

0.69

120

3.54

1.53

1.22

1.12

0.97

0.97

0.83

0.50

0.35

0.30

0.28

0.25

0.23

0.21

0.19

130

3.08

1.53

0.83

0.71

0.62

0.57

0.51

0.45

0.39

0.34

0.30

0.27

0.24

0.22

0.19

140

2.92

0.97

0.66

0.76

0.88

0.99

1.15

1.30

1.28

1.20

1.12

1.04

0.96

0.89

0.82

150

2.90

0.94

0.68

0.82

0.81

0.77

0.72

0.69

0.61

0.54

0.47

0.42

0.37

0.33

0.30

160

2.29

1.00

0.77

0.69

0.69

0.71

0.71

0.68

0.61

0.55

0.51

0.47

0.43

0.41

0.38

170

1.27

1.11

0.95

0.76

0.50

0.35

0.30

0.26

0.23

0.20

0.18

0.17

0.15

0.14

0.13

180

1.25

1.24

1.23

0.88

0.61

0.42

0.24

0.15

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

190

1.33

1.37

1.33

1.19

0.92

0.70

0.49

0.35

0.29

0.26

0.25

0.23

0.22

0.20

0.18

200

1.44

1.69

1.44

1.30

1.03

0.80

0.54

0.43

0.42

0.41

0.38

0.35

0.32

0.29

0.27

210

1.68

2.17

1.62

1.50

1.21

0.95

0.59

0.27

0.17

0.16

0.15

0.14

0.13

0.12

0.11

220

2.14

2.45

1.92

1.75

1.54

1.31

0.91

0.48

0.30

0.22

0.19

0.17

0.15

0.13

0.12

230

2.27

2.71

2.64

2.11

1.64

1.41

1.03

0.78

0.66

0.57

0.50

0.45

0.40

0.37

0.34

240

1.69

3.16

3.06

2.61

2.16

1.78

1.21

0.65

0.42

0.29

0.23

0.20

0.17

0.16

0.14

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

276

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DIRECTION

ANNEXURES

DISTANCE (METERS)

250

1.86

2.93

2.39

1.92

1.58

1.34

0.99

0.62

0.45

0.35

0.29

0.25

0.22

0.20

0.18

260

2.06

1.81

1.24

0.95

0.77

0.65

0.48

0.29

0.20

0.16

0.13

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.08

270

2.02

1.47

1.01

0.74

0.55

0.43

0.28

0.19

0.15

0.13

0.11

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

280

1.91

1.39

0.93

0.66

0.49

0.38

0.25

0.15

0.12

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

290

1.87

1.28

0.85

0.61

0.46

0.36

0.24

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

300

2.34

1.12

0.75

0.54

0.40

0.31

0.20

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

310

2.59

0.94

0.61

0.43

0.31

0.24

0.18

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

320

1.93

0.78

0.46

0.33

0.27

0.23

0.18

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

330

1.75

0.69

0.44

0.34

0.27

0.23

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

340

1.85

0.72

0.45

0.34

0.28

0.24

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

350

1.45

0.74

0.45

0.35

0.28

0.24

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

360

1.80

0.77

0.47

0.35

0.29

0.24

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

277

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Figure 3: Isopleth for Concentration of NOx

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

278

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Incremental Increase in GLC of NOx (µg/m3) to Ambient Air NOx Concentration from Proposed Site DIRECTION

DISTANCE (METERS)

(Degrees)

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

10

2.00

0.78

0.50

0.41

0.34

0.28

0.20

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

20

5.41

1.21

0.76

0.61

0.50

0.43

0.32

0.20

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.06

30

5.69

2.20

1.28

0.90

0.71

0.59

0.41

0.24

0.16

0.12

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

40

5.55

2.56

1.81

1.28

0.93

0.71

0.45

0.32

0.25

0.20

0.16

0.13

0.11

0.10

0.08

50

3.79

2.38

1.89

1.60

1.52

1.53

1.48

1.24

0.97

0.76

0.61

0.50

0.42

0.35

0.30

60

3.35

2.35

2.52

2.55

2.53

2.40

2.07

1.48

1.04

0.77

0.58

0.46

0.37

0.31

0.26

70

2.57

2.52

2.72

2.44

2.30

2.45

2.75

2.16

1.68

1.38

1.15

0.96

0.82

0.72

0.64

80

2.15

2.33

2.47

2.74

2.96

3.49

3.21

1.97

1.24

0.84

0.60

0.46

0.38

0.32

0.29

90

2.03

1.81

1.99

2.52

2.66

2.49

2.06

1.56

1.23

1.05

0.94

0.85

0.79

0.74

0.69

100

2.18

1.74

2.01

2.84

2.79

2.45

1.83

1.14

0.82

0.67

0.57

0.49

0.44

0.41

0.37

110

2.96

1.57

1.49

1.85

1.94

1.77

1.35

1.17

1.10

1.02

0.92

0.83

0.77

0.72

0.67

120

3.26

1.42

1.17

1.09

0.93

0.93

0.79

0.48

0.34

0.30

0.27

0.25

0.22

0.20

0.19

130

2.83

1.41

0.77

0.68

0.60

0.56

0.50

0.45

0.39

0.34

0.30

0.27

0.24

0.22

0.19

140

2.69

0.96

0.66

0.73

0.84

0.96

1.12

1.27

1.24

1.17

1.09

1.01

0.93

0.86

0.80

150

2.67

0.93

0.65

0.79

0.79

0.76

0.71

0.68

0.61

0.54

0.47

0.42

0.37

0.33

0.30

160

2.11

0.92

0.73

0.66

0.67

0.70

0.70

0.67

0.61

0.55

0.50

0.47

0.43

0.40

0.38

170

1.17

1.10

0.94

0.74

0.49

0.33

0.29

0.26

0.23

0.20

0.18

0.17

0.15

0.14

0.13

180

1.22

1.23

1.21

0.88

0.61

0.42

0.24

0.15

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

190

1.30

1.34

1.33

1.19

0.92

0.70

0.49

0.35

0.29

0.26

0.25

0.23

0.21

0.19

0.18

200

1.40

1.64

1.43

1.29

1.03

0.80

0.54

0.43

0.41

0.41

0.38

0.35

0.32

0.29

0.27

210

1.60

2.09

1.60

1.49

1.21

0.95

0.58

0.27

0.17

0.16

0.15

0.14

0.13

0.12

0.11

220

2.03

2.37

1.91

1.75

1.53

1.31

0.91

0.48

0.30

0.21

0.19

0.16

0.15

0.13

0.12

230

2.15

2.62

2.56

2.04

1.63

1.40

1.03

0.75

0.63

0.55

0.48

0.43

0.39

0.35

0.33

240

1.62

3.02

2.95

2.54

2.10

1.73

1.18

0.64

0.41

0.29

0.22

0.19

0.17

0.15

0.14

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

279

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DIRECTION

ANNEXURES

DISTANCE (METERS)

250

1.77

2.78

2.30

1.87

1.55

1.32

0.98

0.62

0.44

0.34

0.28

0.25

0.22

0.20

0.18

260

1.96

1.71

1.19

0.93

0.76

0.64

0.47

0.29

0.20

0.15

0.13

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.08

270

1.92

1.43

1.00

0.73

0.55

0.43

0.28

0.19

0.15

0.12

0.11

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

280

1.82

1.35

0.92

0.66

0.49

0.38

0.25

0.15

0.12

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

290

1.78

1.24

0.84

0.60

0.45

0.35

0.23

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

300

2.17

1.09

0.73

0.53

0.40

0.31

0.20

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

310

2.40

0.92

0.60

0.42

0.31

0.24

0.18

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

320

1.80

0.75

0.45

0.33

0.27

0.23

0.18

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

330

1.67

0.68

0.43

0.33

0.27

0.23

0.18

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

340

1.76

0.70

0.44

0.34

0.27

0.23

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

350

1.39

0.72

0.45

0.34

0.28

0.24

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

360

1.72

0.75

0.46

0.35

0.28

0.24

0.19

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

280

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Figure 4: Isopleth for Concentration of HCl

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

281

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Incremental Increase in GLC of HCl (µg/m3) to Ambient Air HCl Concentration from Proposed Site DIRECTION

DISTANCE (METERS)

(Degrees)

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

10

0.08

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

20

0.10

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

30

0.16

0.06

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

40

0.27

0.13

0.08

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

50

0.28

0.30

0.26

0.24

0.22

0.20

0.16

0.11

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

60

0.19

0.16

0.14

0.13

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

70

0.18

0.13

0.10

0.08

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

80

0.23

0.21

0.17

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

90

0.26

0.19

0.17

0.16

0.15

0.14

0.14

0.11

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

100

0.20

0.18

0.16

0.13

0.11

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

110

0.22

0.15

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.17

0.14

0.10

0.08

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

120

0.23

0.25

0.25

0.17

0.13

0.14

0.12

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

130

0.22

0.24

0.16

0.07

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

140

0.29

0.23

0.03

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.07

0.10

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

150

0.34

0.06

0.11

0.12

0.12

0.13

0.10

0.09

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

160

0.38

0.24

0.21

0.09

0.03

0.03

0.07

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.06

170

0.40

0.32

0.11

0.12

0.10

0.09

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

180

0.32

0.30

0.12

0.06

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

190

0.49

0.22

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

200

0.47

0.11

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

210

0.39

0.11

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

220

0.36

0.11

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

230

0.65

0.20

0.21

0.22

0.20

0.18

0.16

0.12

0.09

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

240

0.62

0.19

0.12

0.13

0.13

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

282

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DIRECTION

ANNEXURES

DISTANCE (METERS)

250

0.57

0.11

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

260

0.32

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

270

0.15

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

280

0.08

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

290

0.07

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

300

0.06

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

310

0.05

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

320

0.05

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

330

0.06

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

340

0.08

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

350

0.06

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

360

0.05

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

283

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Figure 5: Isopleth for Concentration of Cl2

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

284

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Incremental Increase in GLC of Cl2 (µg/m3) to Ambient Air Cl2 Concentration from Proposed Site DIRECTION

DISTANCE (METERS)

(Degrees)

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

10

0.24

0.06

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

20

0.17

0.06

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

30

0.19

0.07

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

40

0.16

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

50

0.19

0.12

0.10

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

60

0.19

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

70

0.17

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

80

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

90

0.12

0.13

0.07

0.06

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

100

0.20

0.07

0.09

0.07

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

110

0.14

0.06

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.03

120

0.13

0.10

0.10

0.07

0.05

0.06

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

130

0.09

0.11

0.10

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

140

0.15

0.09

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

150

0.14

0.11

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

160

0.15

0.10

0.08

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

170

0.16

0.13

0.04

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

180

0.13

0.12

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

190

0.19

0.09

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

200

0.19

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

210

0.16

0.07

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

220

0.15

0.07

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

230

0.27

0.09

0.08

0.09

0.08

0.08

0.07

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

240

0.25

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

285

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DIRECTION

ANNEXURES

DISTANCE (METERS)

250

0.23

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

260

0.14

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

270

0.13

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

280

0.12

0.04

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

290

0.09

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

300

0.10

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

310

0.09

0.03

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

320

0.12

0.03

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

330

0.14

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

340

0.21

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

350

0.32

0.03

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

360

0.29

0.04

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

286

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Figure 6: Isopleth for Concentration of HC

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

287

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Incremental Increase in GLC of HC (µg/m3) to Ambient Air HC Concentration from Proposed Site DIRECTION

DISTANCE (METERS)

(Degrees)

250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

10

0.13

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

20

0.12

0.08

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

30

0.14

0.12

0.09

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

40

0.16

0.11

0.10

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

50

0.14

0.11

0.07

0.06

0.08

0.08

0.08

0.06

0.07

0.07

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.03

60

0.12

0.11

0.11

0.09

0.07

0.06

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

70

0.10

0.11

0.10

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.07

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

80

0.13

0.11

0.10

0.08

0.07

0.06

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

90

0.15

0.13

0.11

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.05

0.04

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.04

0.03

100

0.14

0.11

0.08

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

110

0.12

0.10

0.11

0.10

0.10

0.09

0.08

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

120

0.15

0.22

0.18

0.12

0.10

0.08

0.05

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

130

0.23

0.20

0.07

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

140

0.29

0.07

0.04

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

150

0.25

0.11

0.14

0.14

0.14

0.12

0.07

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

160

0.16

0.23

0.19

0.08

0.04

0.02

0.02

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

0.03

170

0.16

0.23

0.07

0.12

0.11

0.08

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

180

0.34

0.14

0.20

0.09

0.05

0.03

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

190

0.42

0.29

0.10

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

200

0.39

0.20

0.04

0.03

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

210

0.42

0.12

0.07

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

220

0.33

0.12

0.08

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

230

0.28

0.16

0.08

0.04

0.03

0.04

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.05

0.04

0.04

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

288

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DIRECTION

ANNEXURES

DISTANCE (METERS)

240

0.21

0.15

0.14

0.10

0.10

0.09

0.06

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

250

0.31

0.35

0.09

0.05

0.03

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

260

0.63

0.20

0.10

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

270

0.08

0.16

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

280

0.62

0.14

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

290

0.31

0.08

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

300

0.23

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

310

0.23

0.04

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

320

0.20

0.04

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

330

0.17

0.04

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

340

0.14

0.05

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

350

0.14

0.05

0.02

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

360

0.14

0.04

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

289

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Annexure 14: Detailed Traffic Survey Sheets 1)

Traffic Survey – NH 6 – Bhachau to Gandhidham Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

8:00-8:15

5

15

20

8

46

25

2

0

73

11

0

0

11

8:15-8:30

9

21

30

9

51

31

2

0

84

15

0

0

15

8:30-8:45

7

15

22

4

48

27

1

0

76

12

1

0

13

8:45-9:00

9

12

21

8

59

36

2

1

98

13

2

0

15

9:00-9:15

9

14

23

9

60

31

1

1

93

16

0

1

17

9:15-9:30

5

16

21

10

56

35

0

1

92

10

2

2

14

9:30-9:45

8

14

22

9

52

31

2

2

87

4

1

1

6

8

0

0

8

9:45-10:00

7

15

22

12

54

35

0

0

89

10:00-10:15

9

12

21

12

56

22

0

0

78

9

0

1

10

10:15-10:30

6

12

18

14

58

32

2

1

93

11

0

0

11

10:30-10:45

8

14

22

8

51

35

1

0

87

11

1

0

12

10:45-11:00

7

12

19

9

54

29

0

1

84

10

0

0

10

11:00-11:15

8

13

21

7

52

29

1

0

82

12

1

1

14

11:15-11:30

9

15

24

9

50

33

2

0

85

7

1

0

8

11:30-11:45

9

14

23

10

49

34

1

1

85

9

0

0

9

11:45-12:00

8

15

23

11

46

27

1

0

74

8

0

0

8

Morning

123

229

352

149

842

492

18

8

1360

166

9

6

181

16:00-16:15

5

10

15

9

56

41

4

0

101

10

1

1

12

16:15-16:30

9

9

18

8

54

52

1

0

107

11

2

0

13

16:30-16:45

8

10

18

6

42

38

2

1

83

9

1

0

10

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

290

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

16:45-17:00

7

12

19

5

58

50

2

2

112

5

0

1

6

17:00-17:15

8

12

20

11

45

56

3

1

105

8

0

2

10

17:15-17:30

9

14

23

10

52

62

2

2

118

11

0

0

11

17:30-17:45

8

13

21

7

50

46

1

0

97

10

1

1

12

17:45-18:00

7

15

22

9

51

32

3

0

86

12

1

1

14

18:00-18:15

6

14

20

8

53

44

1

0

98

8

0

2

10

18:15-18:30

5

13

18

5

42

51

2

1

96

9

0

0

9

18:30-18:45

4

16

20

7

46

48

2

0

96

4

0

0

4

18:45-19:00

5

14

19

9

40

38

3

0

81

10

1

0

11

19:00-19:15

7

15

22

10

46

47

2

2

97

11

0

2

13

19:15-19:30

6

10

16

9

52

52

1

0

105

98

0

0

98

19:30-19:45

4

12

16

12

42

37

2

1

82

8

0

1

9

19:45-20:00

5

14

19

11

56

46

4

0

106

7

1

2

10

Evening

103

203

306

136

785

740

35

10

1570

231

8

13

252

2)

Traffic Survey – NH 6 – Gandhidham to Bhachau Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

8:00-8:15

5

12

17

9

26

5

2

0

33

11

0

0

11

8:15-8:30

4

10

14

8

22

2

2

0

26

15

0

0

15

8:30-8:45

6

9

15

9

24

3

1

0

28

12

1

0

13

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

291

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

8:45-9:00

3

10

13

10

23

4

2

1

30

13

2

0

15

9:00-9:15

5

11

16

9

25

3

1

1

30

16

0

1

17

9:15-9:30

4

10

14

8

22

5

0

1

28

10

2

2

14

9:30-9:45

8

11

19

11

30

6

2

2

40

4

1

1

6

9:45-10:00

9

9

18

7

25

4

0

0

29

8

0

0

8

10:00-10:15

5

10

15

12

27

5

0

0

32

9

0

1

10

10:15-10:30

4

12

16

15

31

6

2

1

40

11

0

0

11

10:30-10:45

5

14

19

10

29

2

1

0

32

11

1

0

12

10:45-11:00

5

12

17

12

29

4

0

1

34

10

0

0

10

11:00-11:15

4

15

19

15

34

2

1

0

37

12

1

1

14

11:15-11:30

6

12

18

9

27

3

2

0

32

7

1

0

8

11:30-11:45

5

12

17

9

26

2

1

1

30

9

0

0

9

11:45-12:00

5

2

7

8

15

2

1

0

18

8

0

0

8

Morning

83

171

254

161

415

58

18

8

499

166

9

6

181

12:00-12:15

5

10

15

14

29

5

1

0

35

12

0

1

13

12:15-12:30

6

10

16

10

26

3

2

0

31

13

0

1

14

12:30-12:45

4

22

26

11

37

2

1

0

40

9

0

2

11

12:45-13:00

8

15

23

10

33

4

0

1

38

9

0

0

9

13:00-13:15

9

14

23

9

32

3

0

1

36

11

1

0

12

13:15-13:30

5

12

17

8

25

5

1

1

32

10

0

0

10

13:30-13:45

6

12

18

7

25

4

0

0

29

9

1

0

10

13:45-14:00

5

10

15

9

24

2

2

0

28

8

0

0

8

14:00-14:15

5

10

15

10

25

5

1

1

32

10

1

1

12

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

292

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

14:15-14:30

4

9

13

11

24

5

1

0

30

11

0

1

12

14:30-14:45

4

8

12

9

21

5

2

1

29

9

2

0

11

14:45-15:00

8

9

17

8

25

3

3

0

31

8

1

0

9

15:00-15:15

6

12

18

9

27

2

1

0

30

10

0

0

10

15:15-15:30

5

10

15

10

25

3

0

1

29

10

1

1

12

15:30-15:45

4

10

14

10

24

3

0

0

27

15

1

1

17

15:45-16:00

4

12

16

10

26

3

2

0

31

10

1

0

11

Noon

88

185

273

155

428

57

17

6

508

164

9

8

181

16:00-16:15

5

12

17

9

26

3

4

0

33

10

1

1

12

16:15-16:30

6

14

20

9

29

4

1

0

34

11

2

0

13

16:30-16:45

4

15

19

8

27

4

2

1

34

9

1

0

10

16:45-17:00

4

13

17

12

29

3

2

2

36

5

0

1

6

17:00-17:15

4

12

16

10

26

2

3

1

32

8

0

2

10

17:15-17:30

5

14

19

10

29

5

2

2

38

11

0

0

11

17:30-17:45

4

10

14

12

26

6

1

0

33

10

1

1

12

17:45-18:00

5

12

17

14

31

5

3

0

39

12

1

1

14

18:00-18:15

4

11

15

12

27

2

1

0

30

8

0

2

10

18:15-18:30

9

11

20

15

35

4

2

1

42

9

0

0

9

18:30-18:45

5

10

15

14

29

4

2

0

35

4

0

0

4

18:45-19:00

4

10

14

12

26

2

3

0

31

10

1

0

11

19:00-19:15

5

8

13

14

27

5

2

2

36

11

0

2

13

19:15-19:30

5

8

13

12

25

3

1

0

29

98

0

0

98

19:30-19:45

6

10

16

10

26

4

2

1

33

8

0

1

9

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

293

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

19:45-20:00

5

10

15

9

24

4

4

0

32

7

1

2

10

Evening

80

180

260

182

442

60

35

10

547

231

8

13

252

3)

Traffic Survey – NH 50 – Bhimasar to Anjar Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

8:00-8:15

5

6

11

2

3

5

2

0

10

11

0

0

11

8:15-8:30

2

8

10

1

2

2

2

0

6

15

0

0

15

8:30-8:45

3

5

8

2

5

3

1

0

9

12

1

0

13

8:45-9:00

4

7

11

3

3

4

2

1

10

13

2

0

15

9:00-9:15

3

5

8

1

2

3

1

1

7

16

0

1

17

9:15-9:30

5

5

10

2

1

5

0

1

7

10

2

2

14

9:30-9:45

6

6

12

3

5

6

2

2

15

4

1

1

6

8

0

0

8

9:45-10:00

4

8

12

2

3

4

0

0

7

10:00-10:15

5

9

14

1

0

5

0

0

5

9

0

1

10

10:15-10:30

6

4

10

2

0

6

2

1

9

11

0

0

11

10:30-10:45

2

8

10

2

1

2

1

0

4

11

1

0

12

10:45-11:00

4

7

11

2

2

4

0

1

7

10

0

0

10

11:00-11:15

2

6

8

1

2

2

1

0

5

12

1

1

14

11:15-11:30

3

5

8

2

3

3

2

0

8

7

1

0

8

11:30-11:45

2

8

10

1

1

2

1

1

5

9

0

0

9

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

294

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

11:45-12:00

2

7

9

3

2

2

1

0

5

8

0

0

8

Morning

58

104

162

30

35

58

18

8

119

166

9

6

181

16:00-16:15

5

6

11

2

5

5

1

0

11

12

0

1

13

16:15-16:30

3

5

8

2

3

3

2

0

8

13

0

1

14

16:30-16:45

2

3

5

1

4

2

1

0

7

9

0

2

11

16:45-17:00

4

5

9

2

2

4

0

1

7

9

0

0

9

17:00-17:15

3

2

5

5

6

3

0

1

10

11

1

0

12

17:15-17:30

5

4

9

3

1

5

1

1

8

10

0

0

10

17:30-17:45

4

5

9

2

2

4

0

0

6

9

1

0

10

17:45-18:00

2

6

8

3

5

2

2

0

9

8

0

0

8

18:00-18:15

5

6

11

2

3

5

1

1

10

10

1

1

12

18:15-18:30

5

5

10

2

4

5

1

0

10

11

0

1

12

18:30-18:45

5

4

9

2

2

5

2

1

10

9

2

0

11

18:45-19:00

3

5

8

1

1

3

3

0

7

8

1

0

9

19:00-19:15

2

4

6

1

2

2

1

0

5

10

0

0

10

19:15-19:30

3

4

7

3

3

3

0

1

7

10

1

1

12

19:30-19:45

3

4

7

2

5

3

0

0

8

15

1

1

17

19:45-20:00

3

1

4

2

4

3

2

0

9

10

1

0

11

Evening

57

69

126

35

52

57

17

6

132

164

9

8

181

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

295

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

4)

ANNEXURES

Traffic Survey – NH 50 – Anjar to Bhimasar Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

8:00-8:15

3

12

15

1

2

2

3

1

9

12

2

1

15

8:15-8:30

2

9

11

0

0

0

2

0

2

9

0

0

9

8:30-8:45

5

6

11

2

0

0

5

0

5

6

0

2

8

8:45-9:00

3

8

11

1

0

0

3

2

5

8

0

1

9

9:00-9:15

2

7

9

0

3

3

2

1

9

7

0

0

7

9:15-9:30

1

5

6

1

2

2

1

0

5

5

0

1

6

9:30-9:45

5

6

11

0

0

0

5

1

6

6

1

0

7

9:45-10:00

3

4

7

0

2

2

3

2

9

4

0

0

4

10:00-10:15

0

6

6

1

1

1

0

3

5

6

0

1

7

10:15-10:30

0

5

5

1

2

2

0

1

5

5

0

1

6

10:30-10:45

1

4

5

1

1

1

1

2

5

4

0

1

5

10:45-11:00

2

8

10

2

3

3

2

1

9

8

0

2

10

11:00-11:15

2

9

11

1

1

1

2

0

4

9

0

1

10

11:15-11:30

3

4

7

0

2

2

3

0

7

4

0

0

4

11:30-11:45

1

4

5

0

0

0

1

1

2

4

1

0

5

11:45-12:00

2

8

10

1

0

0

2

2

4

8

0

0

8

Morning

35

105

140

12

19

19

35

17

91

105

4

11

120

12:00-12:15

2

12

14

1

0

0

5

0

5

12

0

1

13

12:15-12:30

3

9

12

1

0

0

3

0

3

9

0

1

10

12:30-12:45

2

10

12

2

0

0

4

1

5

10

0

2

12

12:45-13:00

2

11

13

1

1

1

2

2

6

11

1

1

13

13:00-13:15

5

9

14

0

2

2

6

1

11

9

2

0

11

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

296

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

13:15-13:30

3

8

11

0

0

0

1

0

1

8

1

0

9

13:30-13:45

5

5

10

0

0

0

2

0

2

5

1

0

6

13:45-14:00

6

6

12

1

0

0

5

0

5

6

1

1

8

14:00-14:15

5

10

15

1

1

1

3

1

6

10

0

1

11

14:15-14:30

3

10

13

0

2

2

4

2

10

10

0

0

10

14:30-14:45

2

14

16

1

1

1

2

0

4

14

0

1

15

14:45-15:00

2

12

14

0

0

0

1

1

2

12

0

0

12

15:00-15:15

3

9

12

0

1

1

2

2

6

9

0

0

9

15:15-15:30

2

7

9

1

2

2

3

0

7

7

1

1

9

15:30-15:45

3

9

12

1

2

2

5

1

10

9

2

1

12

15:45-16:00

0

10

10

0

0

0

4

0

4

10

1

0

11

Noon

48

151

199

10

12

12

52

11

87

151

10

10

171

16:00-16:15

2

8

10

0

2

2

2

1

7

8

0

0

8

16:15-16:30

3

9

12

1

1

1

4

2

8

9

0

1

10

16:30-16:45

5

7

12

1

0

0

3

0

3

7

0

1

8

16:45-17:00

3

6

9

2

0

0

1

0

1

6

0

2

8

17:00-17:15

2

10

12

0

1

1

5

1

8

10

1

0

11

17:15-17:30

4

4

8

0

1

1

0

1

3

4

1

0

5

17:30-17:45

2

7

9

0

2

2

0

0

4

7

0

0

7

17:45-18:00

5

9

14

1

1

1

1

2

5

9

0

1

10

18:00-18:15

3

8

11

2

1

1

2

1

5

8

1

2

11

18:15-18:30

2

4

6

1

2

2

1

0

5

4

0

1

5

18:30-18:45

2

8

10

0

2

2

2

1

7

8

1

0

9

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

297

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

ANNEXURES

Mechanized Vehicles 2- Wheelers

Time

Non-mechanized Vehicles

3-Wheelers

4-Wheelers

Others

Scooters

Motor Cycles

Total

Auto

Cars/Jeep & Vans

Trucks

Buses

Tractors

Total

Bicycles

Carts

Cycle Rickshaw

Total

18:45-19:00

5

9

14

0

3

3

3

0

9

9

0

0

9

19:00-19:15

3

10

13

1

1

1

1

1

4

10

1

1

12

19:15-19:30

6

11

17

0

0

0

1

2

3

11

0

0

11

19:30-19:45

6

9

15

1

0

0

2

0

2

9

0

1

10

19:45-20:00

5

8

13

2

2

2

4

0

8

8

0

2

10

Evening

58

127

185

12

19

19

32

12

82

127

5

12

144

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

298

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Annexure 15: Methodology of Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification Methodology of Risk Assessment The methodology includes, 1. 2. 3. 4.

Hazard identification, Selection of potential loss scenarios, Simulation of release source model on DNV’s PHAST 7.1, Plotting the damage contour on site map.

These steps undertaken to carry out risk assessment for this project are described in following sections. Hazard Identification The project description, and other project related data provided by the client have been comprehensively reviewed to identify the hazardous operations. Also the information on the hazardous properties (MSDS) of all the chemicals handled at the site has been reviewed to identify the hazards associated with the same. Storage of some of the raw material at the site can lead to uncontrolled release of hazardous material causing hazard. On the basis of this, the important hazards that can lead to accident in the proposed expansion project are tabulated below.

Table 1: Important Hazardous Events Type of Event

Explanation

BLEVE

Boiling Liquid Evaporating Vapor Explosion; may happen due to catastrophic failure of refrigerated or pressurized gases or liquids stored above their boiling points, followed by early ignition of the same, typically leading to a fire ball

Deflagration

Is the same as detonation but with reaction occurring at less than sonic velocity and initiation of the reaction at lower energy levels

Detonation

A propagating chemical reaction of a substance in which the reaction front advances in the unreacted substance at or greater than sonic velocity in the unreacted material

Explosion

A release of large amount of energy that form a blast wave

Fire

Fire

Fireball

The burning of a flammable gas cloud on being immediately ignited at the edge before forming a flammable/explosive mixture.

Flash Fire

A flammable gas release gets ignited at the farthest edge resulting in flash-back fire

Jet Fire

A jet fire occurs when flammable gas releases from the pipeline (or hole) and the released gas ignites immediately. Damage distance depends on the operating pressure and the diameter of the hole or opening flow rate.

Pool Fire

Pool fire is a turbulent diffusion fire burning above a horizontal pool of vaporizing hydrocarbon fuel, where the fuel has zero or low initial momentum

Spill Release

‘Loss of containment’. Release of fluid or gas to the surroundings from unit’s own equipment / tanks causing (potential) pollution and / or risk of explosion and / or fire

Structural Damage

Breakage or fatigue failures (mostly failures caused by weather but not necessarily) of structural support and direct structural failures

Vapor Cloud Explosion

Explosion resulting from vapor clouds formed from flashing liquids or non-flashing liquids and gases

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

299

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Hazard and Damage Assessment Toxic, flammable and explosive substances released from sources of storage as a result of failures or catastrophes, can cause losses in the surrounding area in the form of:   

Toxic gas dispersion, resulting in toxic levels in ambient air, Fires, fireballs, and flash back fires, resulting in a heat wave (radiation), or Explosions (Vapours Cloud Explosions) resulting in blast waves (overpressure).

Consequences of Fire/Heat Wave The effect of thermal radiation on people is mainly a function of intensity of radiation and exposure time. The effect is expressed in term of the probability of death and different degree of burn. The consequence effects studied to assess the impact of the events on the receptors tabulated below.

Table 2: Damage due to Radiation Intensity Radiation (kW/m2)

Damage to Equipment

Damage to People

4.0

-

Causes pain if duration is longer than 20 sec. But blistering is unlikely.

12.5

Minimum energy to ignite wood with a flame; melts plastic tubing.

1% lethality in one minute. First degree burns in 10 sec.

37.5

Severe damage to plant

100% lethality in 1 min. 50% lethality in 20 sec. 1% lethality in 10 sec.

Consequences of Overpressure The effects of the shock wave vary depending on the characteristics of the material, the quantity involved and the degree of confinement of the vapor cloud. The pressure of the shock wave decreases rapidly with the increase in distance from the source of the explosion. The overpressure damage is tabulated below.

Table 3: Overpressure Damage Overpressure bar

Damage

1

Fatality

0.41

Ear Drum Rupture to humans

0.2

Structural Damage to buildings

0.03

Glass Damage

Reference: World Bank Technical Paper no. 55- Technical Ltd. for assessing hazards- A manual Consequences of Toxic Release The effect of exposure to toxic substance depends upon the duration of exposure and the concentration of the toxic substance. Short-term exposures to high concentration give Acute Effects while long term exposures to low concentrations result in Chronic Effects. Only acute effects are considered under hazard analysis, since they are likely credible scenarios. These effects are: 

Irritation (respiratory system, skin, eyes) KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

300

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

  

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Narcosis (nervous system) Asphyxiation (oxygen deficiency) System damage (blood organs)

Following are some of the common terms used to express toxicity of materials.   

 







Threshold Limit Value (TLV): It is the permitted level of exposure for a given period on a weighted average basis (usually 8 hr./day, 40 hr./week) Short Time Exposure Limit (STEL): It is the permitted short term exposure limit usually for a 15 minutes exposure. Immediately Dangerous to life and health (IDLH): It represents the maximum concentration of a chemical from which, in the event of respiratory failure, one could escape within 30 minutes without a respirator and without experiencing any escape/impairing (e.g. Severe irritation) or irreversible health effects. Lethal Concentration Low (LCLo): It is the lowest concentration of a material in air, other than LC50, which has been reported to cause a death in human or animals. Toxic Concentration Low (TCLo): It is the lowest concentration of a material in air, to which humans or animals have been exposed for any given period of time that has produced a toxic effects in humans or produced carcinogenic, neoplastigenic or tetratogenic effect in humans or animals. Emergency Response Planning Guidelines1 (EPRG1): The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour (without a respirator) without experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects or without perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor. Emergency Response Planning Guidelines2 (ERPG2): The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair their abilities to take protective action. Emergency Response Planning Guidelines3 (ERPG3): The maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

301

M/S. KCIL (UNIT 2)

DRAFT EIA & EMP REPORT – MANUFACTURING OF CAUSTIC SODA, SYNTHETIC ORGANIC, INORGANIC, SPECIALTY CHEMICALS & CPP

ANNEXURES

Annexure 16: Nabet Certificate of EIA Consultant (Kadam Environmental Consultants)

KADAM ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS | SEPTEMBER, 2016

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Kadam Environmental Consultants www.kadamenviro.com

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CONTACT DETAILS Vadodara (Head Office) 871/B/3, GIDC Makarpura, Vadodara, India – 390 010. E: [email protected]; T:+91-265-3001000; F: +91-265-3001069 Delhi / NCR SPAZE IT Park, Unit No. 1124, Sector 49, Near Omax City Center Mall Sohna Road, Gurgaon – 122 022 E: [email protected]; T: +91-124-4242430