Ch09
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Supplemental Application 9-1
NAME
Independent and Dependent Clauses
PA RT A Directions: Identify each clause as IC (independent clause) or DC (dependent clause). Inital capitalization and end-of-sentence punctuation are omitted. DC ■ while you are waiting 1. determine the message objective 2. who are visiting our neighbors 3. list coins and currency separately 4. after we have completed this transaction 5. when Lana accepts the terms 6. the club president is Ted 7. he is the receiver 8. which have been manufactured in India 9. although he visited last year 10. that he would win the prize
PA RT B Directions: Identify each italicized clause as IC (independent clause) or DC (dependent clause). ■
You can notify whoever is interested. 1. New Albany is the town where my son was born. 2. Do you remember the year when we had the long vacation? 3. Call 555-0289 if you need assistance.
4. Electricity will be available after the storm ceases. 5. Cars must travel where the lines are marked. 6. To guarantee your reservation, send a check.
7. Job descriptions are important because they help employees understand job responsibilities. 8. How do you handle the situation when a customer is angry? 9. She asked, “What is the problem?” 10. Although we pleaded, he refused our request.
DC
Supplemental Application 9-2
NAME
Types of Clauses
PA RT A Directions: Underline the adjective clause in each sentence, and circle the modified noun(s). Then identify the clause as R (restrictive) or NR (nonrestrictive). Internal punctuation is omitted. ■
Pensacola which is my hometown is located on the Gulf of Mexico.
NR
1. Nathaniel who works in the front office will have a birthday next week. 2. Did the soybeans that you sold yesterday receive a satisfactory grading? 3. The workers who earned our confidence received monetary rewards. 4. Jacob critiqued the poem that Roberta wrote. 5. Richmond where my grandchild lives is the capital of Virginia. 6. Can you identify the parks that we visited in Alaska? 7. The song that you sang yesterday earned the first-place award. 8. Cynthia Dees who is an administrator at Favor House conducted the workshop. 9. Virginia Courtney whose art we appreciate displays her work at a local gallery. 10. Shirley’s essay which was well written has a poignant ending.
PA RT B Directions: Underline the dependent clause in each sentence. Then identify the clause as N (noun), ADJ (adjective), or ADV (adverb). N ■ Example: Give the message to whoever calls. 1. We shall stay at our cottage as soon as the roof is repaired. 2. The team ranked the projects that were submitted. 3. The repair work will be completed tomorrow if you allow me to begin at once. 4. Heather did not arrive before 6 p.m. because the airport was closed. 5. The song, which was well sung, has a beautiful melody. 6. Walter was told that he might be transferred. 7. Do you think that her statement is true? 8. We are delighted that you can go with us. 9. The employees did not understand what the manager said. 10. Model 771-A, which is the model you ordered, will be shipped May 1.
Supplemental Application 9-3
NAME
Clauses and Phrases Directions: Identify each italicized group of words as PH (phrase), DC (dependent clause), or IC (independent clause). DC ■ Does Maggie have an idea that she wants to share? 1. Marc’s book of animal poems, written last year, is my choice. 2. Dennis designs computer training programs; he also conducts computer literacy seminars. 3. The players left the field immediately after the game. 4. Palafox is the street where the accident occurred. 5. Choose a career that is based on your interests. 6. The Mobile Dolphins, who lost today, moved to third place. 7. I bought the IMC computer, although the model was not on sale. 8. You can go to the movies after you complete your homework. 9. Mr. Guerra, who is in Alaska, telephoned his findings to the committee. 10. I dislike mowing the lawn. 11. Are you ready to give your report? 12. Record your overtime before you leave. 13. Please finish the painting after Payne leaves. 14. The factory closes during the winter. 15. I mowed the lawn while my sister washed the windows. 16. If you buy a cell phone, carefully read the service contract. 17. Taylor sat on a ladder. 18. Provide the requested information to ensure prompt reimbursement. 19. The figure skater moved with graceful poise. 20. So that she would be placed in the advanced class, Anna wanted to achieve a high score.
Supplemental Application 9-4
NAME
Phrases
PA RT A Directions: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. ■
A phrase is a group of words that contains both a subject and a verb.
FALSE
1. Verbal phrases include gerund, participial, and infinitive phrases. 2. A gerund is a verb form that ends in –ly. 3. Gerund phrases may function as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. 4. Participles may end in –ing, -d, or –ed. 5. Although infinitives usually function as nouns, infinitives also may function as adjectives or adverbs. 6. Prepositional phrases usually function as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs.
7. A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and an object, plus any modifiers of the object. 8. An infinitive phrase always contains the word by (either implied or expressed). 9. Gerund phrases are used as subjects, objects, or complements. 10. Participial phrases function as adjectives to modify nouns or pronouns.
PA RT B Directions: Identify the italicized phrases as GER (gerund phrase), PAR (participial phrase), PREP (prepositional phrase), or INF (infinitive phrase). ■
Consider volunteering your time. 1. Walt scored 14 points in the last game.
2. Amy’s piano lesson, canceled for the second time, was rescheduled for Monday. 3. Winning an Olympic medal is Justin’s goal. 4. The child ringing our doorbell looks frightened. 5. Enrollment in the grammar course increased dramatically this semester. 6. You must sign the delivery receipt to receive the merchandise.
7. Returning to work, Joyce noticed the freshly painted walls. 8. To determine your net worth, list your assets and liabilities. 9. Several rescue vehicles raced to the accident scene. 10. Nancy’s hobby is collecting antique furniture.
GER
Supplemental Application 9-5
NAME
Sentence Types
PA RT A Directions: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. ■
Most sentences are interrogative.
FALSE
1. Declarative sentences end with question marks. 2. The subject you is often omitted but understood in imperative sentences. 3. In written messages, declarative sentences end with an exclamation point. 4. Interrogative sentences ask direct questions. 5. Exclamatory sentences or statements often appear in advertisements. 6. Imperative sentences give direct commands or make requests.
7. Terminal punctuation marks include the period, the question mark and the comma. 8. Interrogative sentences end with a question mark. 9. Exclamatory sentences show strong emotion. 10. Courteous requests call for action rather than a verbal response.
PA RT B Directions: Identify each sentence as DEC (declarative), EXC (exclamatory), IMP (imperative), or INT (interrogative). End-of-sentence punctuation is omitted. DEC ■ Thank you for helping me 1. Will you please close the garage door 2. Complete all sections of the application 3. The wedding invitations were mailed yesterday 4. How many people tested the product 5. Joanna asked to stay overnight in my cabin 6. Stop the presses
7. Shannon asked whether Jack proofread her memo 8. Did you study for the test 9. Have your guests returned to Vermont 10. David Wong will join our team next month
Supplemental Application 9-6
NAME
Sentence Structure
PA RT A Directions: Identify each sentence structure as SIM (simple), COM (compound), CPX (complex), or CCX (compound-complex). SIM ■ Mr. Harrison bought the house and lot. 1. The Potter family toured the area, and they particularly enjoyed the view of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. 2. Until April 30, Celtic Tours offers a 20 percent discount on trips to Ireland; however, only 15 seats are available. 3. During her five years as director, Ms. Tippen initiated three successful literacy programs. 4. Complete these crossword puzzles while you wait; otherwise, you may be bored. 5. When the hurricane winds blew, the pine trees fell. 6. If you had not called me, I would have called you.
7. Trina ordered six copies of the book to give as gifts; Miguel ordered three copies. 8. The large stucco building on Garden Street belongs to First City Bank.
9. I have explained that grammar rule several times, but I shall explain the rule again before the test. 10. Have you thought about applying for the job?
11. The Lorsons, who live next door, will be away for the holidays; they have asked me to collect their mail while they are gone. 12. The wind blew, and the rain fell in torrents. 13. After carefully reading your offer, I have decided to accept.
14. When you are a junior, you will be eligible to apply for the Normandy Scholarship. 15. I learned in my chemistry class that dry ice is colder than ordinary ice.
Supplemental Application 9-7
NAME
Sentence Writing
PA RT A Directions: For each sentence type, write one sentence about the topic indicated in parentheses. Begin each sentence with a capital letter, an end the sentence with appropriate terminal punctuation.
1. Declarative Sentence (describing your favorite dessert): 2. Imperative Sentence (providing one e-mail guideline): 3. Interrogative Sentence (asking about a tourist attraction): 4. Exclamatory Sentence (giving instructions during a fire drill):
PA RT B Directions: For each sentence structure, write one sentence about the topic indicated in parentheses. Begin each sentence with a capital letter, and end the sentence with appropriate terminal punctuation.
1. Simple Sentence (a recommended vacation location): 2. Compound Sentence (two cities that you would like to visit): 3. Complex Sentence (student pencils): 4. Compound-Complex (two relatives who live in different locations):
Chapter 9 Supplemental Apply Your Knowledge A Cumulative Activity
NAME
Directions: In the space provided above each line, write the letter that identifies each italicized word or groups of words.
Parts of Speech A. adjective B. adverb C. conjunction D. noun E. pronoun F. verb
Dependent Clauses G. adjective clause H. adverb clause I. noun clause
TO:
All Students
FROM:
Dr. Joyce Gresham, Writing Lab Director
DATE:
September 15, 20--
SUBJECT:
Writing Paragraphs
Phrases J. gerund phrase K. infinitive phrase L. participial phrase M. prepositional phrase
Writing a paragraph requires careful planning. A paragraph is a succession of sentences that contribute to a central idea called a topic. A paragraph may be independent or may be included in a composition of several paragraphs. Choose a topic that you can adequately develop. The topic sentence concisely indicates what the paragraph is to accomplish. The topic sentence may be placed in several positions. Although you may have limited writing time, list the sub-topics that support the topic. The sub-topics may be details, reasons, illustrations, examples, or portions of an incident. Arrange these sub-topics according to a plan. A time order would be suitable for an experience or an incident; a space order would be suitable for a description or an impression of a scene or a situation; and a logical thought order would be suitable for the discussion of an opinion or a statement.
NAME
Independent and Dependent Clauses
PA RT A Directions: Identify each clause as IC (independent clause) or DC (dependent clause). Inital capitalization and end-of-sentence punctuation are omitted. DC ■ while you are waiting 1. determine the message objective 2. who are visiting our neighbors 3. list coins and currency separately 4. after we have completed this transaction 5. when Lana accepts the terms 6. the club president is Ted 7. he is the receiver 8. which have been manufactured in India 9. although he visited last year 10. that he would win the prize
PA RT B Directions: Identify each italicized clause as IC (independent clause) or DC (dependent clause). ■
You can notify whoever is interested. 1. New Albany is the town where my son was born. 2. Do you remember the year when we had the long vacation? 3. Call 555-0289 if you need assistance.
4. Electricity will be available after the storm ceases. 5. Cars must travel where the lines are marked. 6. To guarantee your reservation, send a check.
7. Job descriptions are important because they help employees understand job responsibilities. 8. How do you handle the situation when a customer is angry? 9. She asked, “What is the problem?” 10. Although we pleaded, he refused our request.
DC
Supplemental Application 9-2
NAME
Types of Clauses
PA RT A Directions: Underline the adjective clause in each sentence, and circle the modified noun(s). Then identify the clause as R (restrictive) or NR (nonrestrictive). Internal punctuation is omitted. ■
Pensacola which is my hometown is located on the Gulf of Mexico.
NR
1. Nathaniel who works in the front office will have a birthday next week. 2. Did the soybeans that you sold yesterday receive a satisfactory grading? 3. The workers who earned our confidence received monetary rewards. 4. Jacob critiqued the poem that Roberta wrote. 5. Richmond where my grandchild lives is the capital of Virginia. 6. Can you identify the parks that we visited in Alaska? 7. The song that you sang yesterday earned the first-place award. 8. Cynthia Dees who is an administrator at Favor House conducted the workshop. 9. Virginia Courtney whose art we appreciate displays her work at a local gallery. 10. Shirley’s essay which was well written has a poignant ending.
PA RT B Directions: Underline the dependent clause in each sentence. Then identify the clause as N (noun), ADJ (adjective), or ADV (adverb). N ■ Example: Give the message to whoever calls. 1. We shall stay at our cottage as soon as the roof is repaired. 2. The team ranked the projects that were submitted. 3. The repair work will be completed tomorrow if you allow me to begin at once. 4. Heather did not arrive before 6 p.m. because the airport was closed. 5. The song, which was well sung, has a beautiful melody. 6. Walter was told that he might be transferred. 7. Do you think that her statement is true? 8. We are delighted that you can go with us. 9. The employees did not understand what the manager said. 10. Model 771-A, which is the model you ordered, will be shipped May 1.
Supplemental Application 9-3
NAME
Clauses and Phrases Directions: Identify each italicized group of words as PH (phrase), DC (dependent clause), or IC (independent clause). DC ■ Does Maggie have an idea that she wants to share? 1. Marc’s book of animal poems, written last year, is my choice. 2. Dennis designs computer training programs; he also conducts computer literacy seminars. 3. The players left the field immediately after the game. 4. Palafox is the street where the accident occurred. 5. Choose a career that is based on your interests. 6. The Mobile Dolphins, who lost today, moved to third place. 7. I bought the IMC computer, although the model was not on sale. 8. You can go to the movies after you complete your homework. 9. Mr. Guerra, who is in Alaska, telephoned his findings to the committee. 10. I dislike mowing the lawn. 11. Are you ready to give your report? 12. Record your overtime before you leave. 13. Please finish the painting after Payne leaves. 14. The factory closes during the winter. 15. I mowed the lawn while my sister washed the windows. 16. If you buy a cell phone, carefully read the service contract. 17. Taylor sat on a ladder. 18. Provide the requested information to ensure prompt reimbursement. 19. The figure skater moved with graceful poise. 20. So that she would be placed in the advanced class, Anna wanted to achieve a high score.
Supplemental Application 9-4
NAME
Phrases
PA RT A Directions: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. ■
A phrase is a group of words that contains both a subject and a verb.
FALSE
1. Verbal phrases include gerund, participial, and infinitive phrases. 2. A gerund is a verb form that ends in –ly. 3. Gerund phrases may function as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. 4. Participles may end in –ing, -d, or –ed. 5. Although infinitives usually function as nouns, infinitives also may function as adjectives or adverbs. 6. Prepositional phrases usually function as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs.
7. A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and an object, plus any modifiers of the object. 8. An infinitive phrase always contains the word by (either implied or expressed). 9. Gerund phrases are used as subjects, objects, or complements. 10. Participial phrases function as adjectives to modify nouns or pronouns.
PA RT B Directions: Identify the italicized phrases as GER (gerund phrase), PAR (participial phrase), PREP (prepositional phrase), or INF (infinitive phrase). ■
Consider volunteering your time. 1. Walt scored 14 points in the last game.
2. Amy’s piano lesson, canceled for the second time, was rescheduled for Monday. 3. Winning an Olympic medal is Justin’s goal. 4. The child ringing our doorbell looks frightened. 5. Enrollment in the grammar course increased dramatically this semester. 6. You must sign the delivery receipt to receive the merchandise.
7. Returning to work, Joyce noticed the freshly painted walls. 8. To determine your net worth, list your assets and liabilities. 9. Several rescue vehicles raced to the accident scene. 10. Nancy’s hobby is collecting antique furniture.
GER
Supplemental Application 9-5
NAME
Sentence Types
PA RT A Directions: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. ■
Most sentences are interrogative.
FALSE
1. Declarative sentences end with question marks. 2. The subject you is often omitted but understood in imperative sentences. 3. In written messages, declarative sentences end with an exclamation point. 4. Interrogative sentences ask direct questions. 5. Exclamatory sentences or statements often appear in advertisements. 6. Imperative sentences give direct commands or make requests.
7. Terminal punctuation marks include the period, the question mark and the comma. 8. Interrogative sentences end with a question mark. 9. Exclamatory sentences show strong emotion. 10. Courteous requests call for action rather than a verbal response.
PA RT B Directions: Identify each sentence as DEC (declarative), EXC (exclamatory), IMP (imperative), or INT (interrogative). End-of-sentence punctuation is omitted. DEC ■ Thank you for helping me 1. Will you please close the garage door 2. Complete all sections of the application 3. The wedding invitations were mailed yesterday 4. How many people tested the product 5. Joanna asked to stay overnight in my cabin 6. Stop the presses
7. Shannon asked whether Jack proofread her memo 8. Did you study for the test 9. Have your guests returned to Vermont 10. David Wong will join our team next month
Supplemental Application 9-6
NAME
Sentence Structure
PA RT A Directions: Identify each sentence structure as SIM (simple), COM (compound), CPX (complex), or CCX (compound-complex). SIM ■ Mr. Harrison bought the house and lot. 1. The Potter family toured the area, and they particularly enjoyed the view of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. 2. Until April 30, Celtic Tours offers a 20 percent discount on trips to Ireland; however, only 15 seats are available. 3. During her five years as director, Ms. Tippen initiated three successful literacy programs. 4. Complete these crossword puzzles while you wait; otherwise, you may be bored. 5. When the hurricane winds blew, the pine trees fell. 6. If you had not called me, I would have called you.
7. Trina ordered six copies of the book to give as gifts; Miguel ordered three copies. 8. The large stucco building on Garden Street belongs to First City Bank.
9. I have explained that grammar rule several times, but I shall explain the rule again before the test. 10. Have you thought about applying for the job?
11. The Lorsons, who live next door, will be away for the holidays; they have asked me to collect their mail while they are gone. 12. The wind blew, and the rain fell in torrents. 13. After carefully reading your offer, I have decided to accept.
14. When you are a junior, you will be eligible to apply for the Normandy Scholarship. 15. I learned in my chemistry class that dry ice is colder than ordinary ice.
Supplemental Application 9-7
NAME
Sentence Writing
PA RT A Directions: For each sentence type, write one sentence about the topic indicated in parentheses. Begin each sentence with a capital letter, an end the sentence with appropriate terminal punctuation.
1. Declarative Sentence (describing your favorite dessert): 2. Imperative Sentence (providing one e-mail guideline): 3. Interrogative Sentence (asking about a tourist attraction): 4. Exclamatory Sentence (giving instructions during a fire drill):
PA RT B Directions: For each sentence structure, write one sentence about the topic indicated in parentheses. Begin each sentence with a capital letter, and end the sentence with appropriate terminal punctuation.
1. Simple Sentence (a recommended vacation location): 2. Compound Sentence (two cities that you would like to visit): 3. Complex Sentence (student pencils): 4. Compound-Complex (two relatives who live in different locations):
Chapter 9 Supplemental Apply Your Knowledge A Cumulative Activity
NAME
Directions: In the space provided above each line, write the letter that identifies each italicized word or groups of words.
Parts of Speech A. adjective B. adverb C. conjunction D. noun E. pronoun F. verb
Dependent Clauses G. adjective clause H. adverb clause I. noun clause
TO:
All Students
FROM:
Dr. Joyce Gresham, Writing Lab Director
DATE:
September 15, 20--
SUBJECT:
Writing Paragraphs
Phrases J. gerund phrase K. infinitive phrase L. participial phrase M. prepositional phrase
Writing a paragraph requires careful planning. A paragraph is a succession of sentences that contribute to a central idea called a topic. A paragraph may be independent or may be included in a composition of several paragraphs. Choose a topic that you can adequately develop. The topic sentence concisely indicates what the paragraph is to accomplish. The topic sentence may be placed in several positions. Although you may have limited writing time, list the sub-topics that support the topic. The sub-topics may be details, reasons, illustrations, examples, or portions of an incident. Arrange these sub-topics according to a plan. A time order would be suitable for an experience or an incident; a space order would be suitable for a description or an impression of a scene or a situation; and a logical thought order would be suitable for the discussion of an opinion or a statement.
