Ch 12 Outline
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Spencer Lee 3/16/07 Period B
Chapter 12 Outline
Spencer Lee 3/16/07 Period B
Introduction to Atoms
Chapter 12 Outline
F 1
I
Development of Atomic Theory
A
Democritus 1 Democritus proposed that all atoms are small, hard particles made of a single material formed into different shapes and sizes.
2
II
The Atom A
2He also claimed that atoms are always moving and that they form different materials by joining together.
The size/ inside 1 Inside the atom consists of tiny particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. 2 Protons and Neutrons make up the Nucleus and electrons are on the outside.
3 Democritus came up with the idea of an uncut table particle that it would be impossible to cut. B
C
3 All protons are identical and all protons are positively charged.
Dalton 1His results demonstrated that elements combine in specific proportions like atoms do to form elements.
B
Areas of Atom 1 Neutrons are the particles of nucleus that have no charge.
2Atoms join with other substances to make new substances.
2 Si unit to measure he masses of particles in atoms is AMU
3 Atoms of the same element are alike, of others they are different.
3 Protons and Neutrons are the most massive particles in an atom yet the nucleus they form has a very small density.
Thomson 1 Thomson discovered that inside an atom there were smaller particles inside.
. C
Outside Atom 1 The atomic theory states that electrons move around on the outside within the electron clouds.
2 His results led him to conclude that corpuscles are present in every type of atom and that all are identical(electrons).
2 If the number of electrons is different from the number of protons the atoms become an ion.
3 In addition chemists knew that atoms have no overall charge; balance the negative charges of the electrons.
3 Electrons are small compared to protons and neutrons. D
Rutherford 1 Rutherford thought that if atoms were soft blobs of material by Thomson the particles would pass through the gold and continues in straight line. But some particles were deflected and bounced back.
D
2 The protons are the amount on the atomic number, they are consisted of the same particles.
2 He proposed to that the lightweight negative electrons move in empty space. Occasionally, a particle would head straight for a nucleus and be pushed back in the direction from where it came. 3Rutherford proved that inside an atom, there is a tiny, dense positively charged particle called the nucleus. E
Neutrons 1 Both protons and neutrons repel each other due to positive charges
3 Different amounts of protons depends on the element making it an isotope. E
Isotopes 1 Each element has different numbers of isotopes that occur naturally.
Bohr and German guy 1 Bohr suggested that electrons travel around the nucleus in different paths
2 Some isotopes are unique because they are unstable. This allows the nucleus to change its composition.
2 These paths are located at different levels electron clouds.
3 However, isotopes share common physical and chemical properties.
3 Electrons can jump between levels one path to another level. 3 A chemical change is the actual process in which that substance changes into another
Chapter 12 Outline
Spencer Lee 3/16/07 Period B
Introduction to Atoms
Chapter 12 Outline
F 1
I
Development of Atomic Theory
A
Democritus 1 Democritus proposed that all atoms are small, hard particles made of a single material formed into different shapes and sizes.
2
II
The Atom A
2He also claimed that atoms are always moving and that they form different materials by joining together.
The size/ inside 1 Inside the atom consists of tiny particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. 2 Protons and Neutrons make up the Nucleus and electrons are on the outside.
3 Democritus came up with the idea of an uncut table particle that it would be impossible to cut. B
C
3 All protons are identical and all protons are positively charged.
Dalton 1His results demonstrated that elements combine in specific proportions like atoms do to form elements.
B
Areas of Atom 1 Neutrons are the particles of nucleus that have no charge.
2Atoms join with other substances to make new substances.
2 Si unit to measure he masses of particles in atoms is AMU
3 Atoms of the same element are alike, of others they are different.
3 Protons and Neutrons are the most massive particles in an atom yet the nucleus they form has a very small density.
Thomson 1 Thomson discovered that inside an atom there were smaller particles inside.
. C
Outside Atom 1 The atomic theory states that electrons move around on the outside within the electron clouds.
2 His results led him to conclude that corpuscles are present in every type of atom and that all are identical(electrons).
2 If the number of electrons is different from the number of protons the atoms become an ion.
3 In addition chemists knew that atoms have no overall charge; balance the negative charges of the electrons.
3 Electrons are small compared to protons and neutrons. D
Rutherford 1 Rutherford thought that if atoms were soft blobs of material by Thomson the particles would pass through the gold and continues in straight line. But some particles were deflected and bounced back.
D
2 The protons are the amount on the atomic number, they are consisted of the same particles.
2 He proposed to that the lightweight negative electrons move in empty space. Occasionally, a particle would head straight for a nucleus and be pushed back in the direction from where it came. 3Rutherford proved that inside an atom, there is a tiny, dense positively charged particle called the nucleus. E
Neutrons 1 Both protons and neutrons repel each other due to positive charges
3 Different amounts of protons depends on the element making it an isotope. E
Isotopes 1 Each element has different numbers of isotopes that occur naturally.
Bohr and German guy 1 Bohr suggested that electrons travel around the nucleus in different paths
2 Some isotopes are unique because they are unstable. This allows the nucleus to change its composition.
2 These paths are located at different levels electron clouds.
3 However, isotopes share common physical and chemical properties.
3 Electrons can jump between levels one path to another level. 3 A chemical change is the actual process in which that substance changes into another
