Cells And Organelles Cards
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Prokaryotes
Cells that do not contain membranebound organelles
Eukaryote
Cells that contain organelles and have a central organelle called a nucleus that controls all the cell’s activities. Plant and animal cells are this type
Cell
The basic unit of life
Cell membrane
Semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. It is composed of a double layer of phospholipids and embedded proteins.
Nucleus
It controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis). It also contains DNA assembled into chromosomes.
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes.
Nuclear membrane
Materials can move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through nuclear pores in this membrane.
Cytoplasm
Jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located
Ribosomes
Proteins are made here.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
It is covered with ribosomes transports materials through the cell and produces proteins which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane.
Golgi body
Modifies & packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell.
Smooth ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
It does NOT have ribosomes on its surface. It makes proteins and lipids that will be exported by the cell. It also controls the Calcium level in muscles and detoxifies poisons, alcohol, and drugs.
Chloroplasts
Elongated or disc-shaped organelles containing chlorophyll that trap sunlight for energy
Photosynthesis
Process in which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy - food It takes place in the chloroplasts.
Vacuoles
Fluid-filled sacs that fill with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell.
Central vacuole
Takes up most of the space in a plant cell
Mitochondria
Converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell
Lysosomes
Contain digestive enzymes. Nutrients are digested by the cell here, as well as, old cell organelles that are going to be recycled.
Cells that do not contain membranebound organelles
Eukaryote
Cells that contain organelles and have a central organelle called a nucleus that controls all the cell’s activities. Plant and animal cells are this type
Cell
The basic unit of life
Cell membrane
Semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. It is composed of a double layer of phospholipids and embedded proteins.
Nucleus
It controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis). It also contains DNA assembled into chromosomes.
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes.
Nuclear membrane
Materials can move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through nuclear pores in this membrane.
Cytoplasm
Jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located
Ribosomes
Proteins are made here.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
It is covered with ribosomes transports materials through the cell and produces proteins which are sent to the Golgi body, or inserted into the cell membrane.
Golgi body
Modifies & packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell.
Smooth ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)
It does NOT have ribosomes on its surface. It makes proteins and lipids that will be exported by the cell. It also controls the Calcium level in muscles and detoxifies poisons, alcohol, and drugs.
Chloroplasts
Elongated or disc-shaped organelles containing chlorophyll that trap sunlight for energy
Photosynthesis
Process in which energy from sunlight is converted into chemical energy - food It takes place in the chloroplasts.
Vacuoles
Fluid-filled sacs that fill with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell.
Central vacuole
Takes up most of the space in a plant cell
Mitochondria
Converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell
Lysosomes
Contain digestive enzymes. Nutrients are digested by the cell here, as well as, old cell organelles that are going to be recycled.
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