Ce Biology 2007 Paper 2

2007-cE Bto PAPER2

AUTHORITY AND ASSESSMENT HONGKONGEXAMINATIONS 2OO7 EXAMINATION OF EDUCATION H O N GKONG CERTIFICATE

2 (MULT|PLE-CHOICE) BtoLoGYPAPER 11.00am- 12.00noon (1 hour) SubjectGode 150

5

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Readcarefullythe instructions on the AnswerSheet. Stick a barcodelabel and insertthe information provided. requiredin thespaces

2,

Whentold to openthis book, you shouldcheckthat all the questionsare there. Look for the words 'END OF PAPER' after the last question.

J.

I

All questionscarry equalmarks.

4,

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. You shouldmark all your answerson the Answer Sheet.

5.

You should mark only ONE answer for each question. If you mark more than one answer,you will receive NO MARKS for that question.

6.

No marks will be deductedfor wrong answers.

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HongKongExaminations and AssessmentAuthority All RightsReserved2007 2007-cE-Bro 2-l

Not to be taken away beforethe end of the examinationsession

Thereare 36 questionsin SectionA ond 24 questionsin SectionB. The diagrnmsin this paper are NOT necessarilydrawn to scale. SECTIONA Which of the following correctly comparesa leaf epidermalcell and a root hair cell of a flowering plant?

,6 D= b

6

Leaf epidermal cell with cuticle*r with chloroplasf without vacuole without mitochondria

Root hair cell without cuticlel' without chloroplast with vacuole with mitochondria

/ (

Which of the following featuresenablesa plant to survive successfullyin a shady environment?

A. B. Cr* D.*

stemwith morelenticels / stemwith lesssupporting tissue / leafwith very broadandflat leafblade V leafwith similarstomatal densitvon bothsurfaceb

Which of the following conectly describephotosynthesis? / ,

i

t

(l) (2) (3)

.

It is a catabolicprocess. / , / It is an energyconversionprocess. It is a processby whichproducers makefood.{ A. B. C. D.

(l) and (2) only (l) and (3) only (2) and (3) only (l), (2) and (3)

Which of the following energysourcesis non-renewable? A. B. C. D.

tidal power wind power solar power nuclear power

./

Which of the following ways of usingthe vegetationfrom the samepieceof land providesthe greatest amountof energyto humanbeings? A. "8. -L -d

/ q. I I (

to providefood for directhumanconsumption to raisecowsto providemilk for humanconsumption to raisecowsto providemeatfor humanconsumption I uring half to providemilk andthe othert$tt to providemeatfor human :H:ffi_?;Xi, {

Whichof the followingfeatures is commonto dogs,ducksanddolphins? A. y C.. @(

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Theybreathewith lungs. Theyhaveclawson their limbs. Theypossess mammaryglands. / Theyhavehairson theirbodies. . I V

Directions:

Questions7 and 8 refer to the following experiment: Two boiling tubes containing 5 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide solution and I cm3 of catalasesolution respectively were kept at 25"C for l0 minutes. The contents of the two tubes were then mixed and maintained at the same temperature, and the amount of oxygen released was recorded for 5 minutes. The resultsare shown in the graph below:

Accumulative amount of oxygen

0

1

2 3 Time(min)

4

5

The line levelsoff at the 3'dminute. Whichof the followingis a correctexplanation for this?

h,

B.v

erL 4

/ The reactionstopsat the 3'dminutebecause hasbeenusedup. catalase ,/ The reactionstopsat the 3'dminutebecause hydrogenperoxidehasbeenusJdup. The reactionrate reachesthe maximumat the 3'dminutebecausethe amountof oxygen releasedis highest. The reactionrate reachesthe maximumat the 3'd minute becausethere is no more increasein the amountof oxygenreleased.

The sameexperiment was repeatedbut the contentswere kept at 35"C. Which of the following would best indicatethe results of this experiment? .4r-

v

/

Accumulative 1 < o l - \ amountof oxygen /,t ./ L

J

\

.'

J

.

/ / '

. t

2

t

Accumulative amountof oxygen

- a - - - - - / - - -

,z'

./'35oC

2 3 Time(min)

4

C. Accumulative amount of oxygen

/ I I

C.

V.

2007-cE-Bro 2-3

t

a

t

-

-

. t '

./'.'iS.C ./' t

2 3 Time(min)

1

2 3 Time(min)

4

Accumulative amount of oxygen

./."ri,"" L J

v

/ r t

2 3 Time(min)

4

Whichof the followingstructures is supported by cartilage?

t* &.

.

/

D.

3-ioc - -. -) -' /'

1

e/

3 5 " Cr ' ' ' -

aorta urethra trachea oesophagus

4

Directions: Questionsl0 and I I referto thephotomicrographs below,which showa stainedhumanbloodsmear underdifferentmagnifications:

-.G'3q oJ}Fs

cell t1'peY

s fu* quffi-*

fq_o#@&ns*

Photomicrogroph I (x 100)

Photomiuograph II (x 600)

A studentfirst focusedon the blood smearunderthe microscopeand obtainedan imageas shownin photomicrograph I. In orderto obtainan imageas shownin photomicrograph II, which of the following stepsarenecessary? (1) (2) (3)

Turnthenosepiece. Turn the fine adjustment knob. Adjustthe positionof the condenser. A. B. C. D.

y //

its thickerperipher5nts its largecentralvacuole.f the absence of a nucleus.y'

&

& c. #

7

$2

The characteristic appearance of cell type Y is dueto (1) (2) (3)

r

(l) and(2) only (l) and(3) only (2) and(3) only (1),(2) and(3)

(1) and(2) only (l) and(3) only (2) and(3) only (1),(2) and(3)

Which of the following correctly describesthe functioning of the human breathing system?

# , B.v v64-

The bronchuscannotchangeits size. The nasalcavityhashairsto trapdust. The diaphragmcontractsduringinhalation. The lungexpelsair throughits muscularcontraction.

V

Cigarettesmokingresultsin the depositionof tar on the innersurfaceof the air sacs.This woulddecrease

2007-cE-Bro 24

4 B. A q

the depthof breathing. the efficiencyof gasexchange. the resistance for gasdiffusion. the amountof oxygenthatflows intothe lungs.

One day, Adam, Brenda,Calvin and Doris were watchinga football match of the World Cup. The followingaretheir dialoguesaboutthe heartbeatrate of the footballplayers. (1) No, they are welltrained. They can breathedeeper such that they have a lower heartbeat rate.

Hey! The football playersneedmore energythanus at rest, so their heartbeatrateis higher.

I partially agreewith Calvin. They have a lower heartbeatrate becausetheir arteriole walls are stronger to pump more blood.

Wrong! They have a stronger heart to pump blood. So, their heartbeatrates should be lower than ours. u/

Whoseview is correct? A. B. C. D.

r

Adam's Brenda's Calvin's Doris's

Thediagrambelowshowspartof the urinogenitalsystemof a man:

t./ which of the following structurescontributeto the content of semen?

A. B. C. D.

I and2 only I and3 only 2 and3 only 1,2and3

which of the followingis a femalesecondary sexualcharacteristic? A.

A C. D.

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the growth of pubic hair growing taller menstruation acne on face

Whichof the followingcunnothelpthe spermto get into theuterusduringsexualintercourse? /

*

tsf

6

D.

contractionof the uterus contractionof the spermduct beatingactionof the spermtail / beatingactionof the cilia on the oviduct V

Which of the following substanceswill diffuse from maternalblood to foetal blood through the placenta?

& B. & th*

Directions:

urea oxygen/ carbondioxide blood platelets

Questions 19 and 20 refer to the diagram below, which shows the human alimentary canal and its associatedstructures:

Which of the following structuresare responsiblefor producingsecretionsthat help the digestionof proteins? A. B. C. D.

/0.

L

land2only land3only 2and3 only 1,2and3

Which of the following would be the possibleeffect of removing part of structure4 in an operation?

g[* &p D.

2007-cE-Bro 24

Lessfaeceswill be produced. Oily faeceswill be produced. Hardfaeceswill be produced. Wateryfaeceswill be produced.

Directions:

Questions2l and 22 refer to the graph below, which shows the changesin pressureof the blood in the aorta,the left atrium and the left ventricle during a heart cycle.

Pressure

X Y Time Which of the following combinationsshows a correct interpretationof the graph and its supportingreason?

A.

A "e D.

Interpretation of the graph the left ventricleis contractingbetweenVW the aortais contractingbetweenXY the left venfficleis relaxingat pointV the left atriumstartsto relaxat pointY

Supporting reason the left ventricle'spressure is increasing the aorta'spressureis increasing the left ventricle'spressure is low the left atrium'spressure startsto decrease

Whichof the followingcorrectlydescribes the conditionof the valvesduringthe periodYZ? jX9f e D.

Bicuspid volve closed opened closed opened

Semi-lunar vulve closed/ opened openedr / closed/ 'v/

Whichof the followingwill leadto highbloodpressure in the humanbody? ffi(2) (3)

Excessive bleedingoccurs. Fat is depositedon the wall of arteries. / Thewall of the arteriesbecomeslesselasticy' A. B.

(l) and (2) only (l) and (3) only

C. D.

(2) and(3) only (l), (2) and(3)

Which of the following doesnot contributeto global warming?

A.

A. B-

I I I

F

2007-cE-Bro 2-7

soil erosion deforestation burning fossil fuel releaseof exhaustfumes from vehicles

Whichof the followingdiseases canbetransmitted by mosquitoes?

6

Avianflu(€iftB) (HHffi),/ Denguefever (B ^fff ft) / Japanese encephalitis

(2) (3)

A. B. C. D.

(l) and (2) only (l) and (3) only (2) and (3) only (l), (2) and (3)

The diagram below shows a cross section of the spinal cord. At which part(s) of the spinal cord can synapsesbe found?

AB . k

D.

P only Q only P and R only * - \ Q and R only

John has some problems in his nervous system. When he is blindfolded and the finger of his left hand is pricked with a needle,he cannot feel the pain and does not withdraw his hand. However, he can move his left arm voluntarily. Which of the following componentsof the correspondingreflex arc is / are probably damaged?

A. g-€*

,y

lnterneurone sensoryneurone -.t 'fi" hl,/ motorneurone motorandsensoryneurones

The photographbelow shows part of the human central nervoussystem.

?ifx

The movementof the legs is under the coordinationof

f

C. D.

2007-cE-Bro 2-8

1 and 2 only. I and 3 only. 2 and 3 only. 1.2 and3.

l f \

trA

Directions.'

Questions29 and 30 refer to the experimentalset-up below, which was used to comparethe rate of respirationof two different types of insects. Insectsof the samemasswere placed into the test tubes.

clip

U-tube filled with coloured water insectA

insectB

perforated platform

water bath at 25"C

sodiumhydroxide solution

sodium hydroxide solution

Themovementof colouredwaterin theU-tubeis causedbv the A. B. C. D.

. [,h,/ -rlt +I .>;-

heat released/ food consumedr oxygen absorbed. carbondioxide released.oA

-*;:,

Which of the following modifications can shortenthe time for the experiment?

A h

r€.

D.

3/.

usea largertesttube usea largerwaterbath usea U-tubewith a largerinternaldiameter usea waterbathsetat a highertemperature

Which of the following statementsabout chromosomesare conect?

(l) (2) (3)

lt is made up of DNA and proteins.T It plays a role in protein synthesis.w It is capableof replication. /

A. B. C. D.

(l) and(2) only (1) and(3) onlyr (2) and(3) onlyT (l), (2) and(3)r'

Which of the following are the changesfound in the skin whenthereis a suddendrop in environmental temperature from 25"Cto lO"C? A./ B/ €*

tr

2007-cE-Bto 2-9

Sweating decrease decrease increase increase

Capillaries beneath the skin lessblood flowr' more blood flow lessblood flow more blood flow /

V

Directions:

Questions 33 and 34 refer to the diagram below, which shows the skeleton and the associated musclesof a humanupper limb.

Which of the following correctlydescribesjoint X?

A. 6. C.

d

The ends of the bonesat X are ball-shaped. The degreeof movementat X increaseswith age.

by ligamentsto reducethe chanceof dislocation. X is surrounded / it allowsthe upperlimb to movein a singlepla#. X is a hingejoint because

of structureY? Whichof the followingis a correctdescription

&= 9./

&.

+,

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Property elastic inelastic rich in protein rich in glucose

Importanceduring movement bonesto movemorefreely allowsthe attached transmitsforcesto bonewith minimumloss createsa smoothsurfaceto reducefriction moreenergyfor musclecontraction releases

A genetically modified rice is being developedso as to increaseits harvest. This can be achievedby the insertionof a gene that can produce

aA. D. C.

+

vitaminA. a humanprotein. a toxin to kill pests. a substance to lengthenthe shelf life.

Dietary fibre and calcium in diet are importantto primary school studentsbecause (l) (2) (3)

fbod rich in calcium can help the formation and growth of bones andteeth. / food with a high fibre content can reducethe risk of heart diseases.Cfood with a high fibre content can give a senseof fullness and help avoid over-eating."/

A. B. C. D.

(l) and(2) only (l) and(3) only (2) and(3) only (1),(2) and(3)

i

END OF SECTIONA

2007-cE-Bro 2-10

l0

SECTIONB 37 to 39 referto the diagrambelow,whichshowsa simplifiednitrogencycle. Questions

Directions:

Nitrogenin air

Nitrogen in soil

U

\ Nitrogenin plants

-/t

\ Nitrogen in animals

2 and4? Which of the following correctly identifiesprocesses

? C. L

Process4 decomposition denitrification decomposition denitrification

Process2 nitrification nitrogenfixation nitrogenfixation nitrification

Microorganismsplay an importantrole in the processes

A B.

L

d,

r

Nitrogen can be found in animals as a componentof

(l) (2) (3)

amino acids../ nucleicacids. urea.{

A. B.

c. D.

N.

I

1,2 and3 only. 1,2 and4 onlyJ i 1,3 and4 only,/, / 2,3 and4 only{ V

(l) and(2) only (l) and(3) only (2) and(3) only (l), (2) and(3)

The following showsa label of a chemicalfertilizer.

What may happen if we overfeed the plant with the fertilizer?

#

A

& 2007-CE-BIO 2-11

Wateris drawnout of therootsandtherewill not be enoughwaterfor the plant. The rootsgrowso fastthattheywill useup the oxygenin soil air. The rootsabsorbtoo muchsaltandretaintoo muchwater. The leavesbecomeso largethattheywill overlapwith oneanother. ll

4t/ L

The film of water on the surfaceof human air sacsservesto

,A* B1--

&

D.

warmthe incomingair. moistenthe incomingair. trap dustin the inhaledair. dissolvethegasesin the inhaledair.

When a personis running an 800m race, which of the following changeswill happenin this body?

n[ @/ (3)

The bloodvolumereturningto theheartincreases. respirationin the exercisingmusclesincreases. The rateof anaerobic Therateof aerobicrespirationin the exercisingmusclesremainsunchanged.

A. B. C. D. ^/

(1)and(2) only", (l) and(3)only (2) and(3)only./ (l), (2) and(3),/

fr / , il' 2

Mikonia microntha(ffitrffi) is a plant that growsrapidly on the neighbouringplants,thus reducingthe plantsis with the neighbouring them. Its relationship amountof light that reaches d. & C. &=

competition. mutualism. parasitism. predation.

The graph below shows the transpiration rates of the same plant put under two different environmental conditions.

Rate of transpiration

ConditionA

Condition B

of the conditionsbeingstudied? Whichof the following is an unlikely combination .h * ,gD.

f

ConditionA still air l5oC air temperature relativehumidity98% carbondioxidein air 0.03o/o

/

I

Condition B movingair air temperature25"C relativehumidity75% 0.01%carbondioxidein air

passengers the swellingof the feet. They areadvised flightsoftenexperience travellingon long-distance stretchinglegshelpsto to stretchtheir legsmoreoftenduringthe flight because

& B. A D.

2007-cB-Blo 2-12

the arteriolesandhencemorebloodflowsawayfrom the legs. squeeze squeeze the lymphvesselsandhencemorelymphflows awayfrom the legs. / rateandhencemorebloodflows awayfrom the legs. / the heartbeat increase andhencemorelymphflows awayfrom the legs.y' increase the bloodpressure

t2

Directions:

of representation Questions46 and47 referto the diagrambelow,which showsa diagrammatic plant: theroot andthe leafof a herbaceous P

ru .#:;"] eaf I I

-',{

4(. /

underbrightdaylightis The direction of carbondioxidediffrrsionbetweenthe plantandthe surroundings indicatedby

{

#;

(l ) o n l y * , (2) only.A (l) and (3) only. (2) and (3) onlyT

Which cell type(s) is / are important for supportingthe plant?

{ A. B. C. D.

f

Yonly/ P and Q only QandRonly P,QandR

r / ,l \

A long-sighted person is wearing a pair of glasses in order to correct the eye defect. Which of the following ray diagramsrepresentsthis situation?

d /

2007-cB-Bro 2-13

t3

Directions:

49 and50 referto thediagrambelow,whichshowsthe structureof a nephron. Questions

,-{ 1/

F 49.

Whichregionof thenephronhascellswith thegreatest numberof mitochondria? A. B C. D.

/

.

1 2

3rL i 4 u \ - ,

Whichregionsareresponsible for thereabsorption of water? A. B. C. D.

land2only I and3 only / 2 and3 only / 1,2 and3 only Y

P, Q andR aretriplets. The phenotypes of severaltraitsfoundin themarelistedbelow: P

a R

Sex Male Male Female

Blood srouD

Eye colour

o o

Blue Brown

o

Brown

tn&fght(ke) 52 52 45

Which of the following conclusionsis correct? A. B. C. D.

sl

P, Q and R are non-identicaltriplets. P and Q are identical twins but R is not. / P and R are identical twins but Q is not. / Q and R are identicaltwinsbut P is not. V

A couple, who have already had three children, decided not to have babies in the future. Which of the following contraceptivemeasuresis most reliable? A. B. €, +

2007-cE-Bro 2-t4

restricting sexual intercourseto safepy'iods tying and cutting the oviducts / using a diaphragm V using a condom

l4

Amnioticfluid cannolprovideprotectionto the foetusagainst /'

"+. di C.

A Directions: I

I

desiccation. mechanicalinjury. chemical poisoning. suddenchangein temperature.

Questions 54 and 55 refer to the diagram below, which shows a set-up used to investigate the conditions for seed germination. The tubes were kept at 30"C. The seeds in tube A germinated while thosein tube B did not.

I

I &

I

aluminium foil seed

moistcotton wool perforated platform Tube A

TubeB

chemicalthat absorbs oxygen

Basedon the design of the set-up,the investigationis to test whether

.K: B. c D.-

wateris necessary for seedgermination. oxygenis necessary for seedgermination. soil is necessary for seedgermination. light is necessary for seedgermination.

Which of the following correctlyshowsthe changein the total dry massof the germinatingseedsin tubeA?

zT.

Totaldry mass

Total dry mass

3

( Time

Totaldry mass

v [rorutdry mass

Time 2007-cE-Bro 2-15

Time

Time l5

Directions: Questions56 and 57 refer to the table below, which showsthe resultsof a blood test of three relatedto hepatitisA before. individuals.Noneof themhavereceivedanyvaccinations Levelof hepatitisA antigenin blood (arbitrarvunit) 0 0 300

*

Y

3, {

/;,

hepatitisA? Whichindividualshavecontracted XandYonly Xand Zonly YandZonly X, Y andZ

t E. 9. -fr:,4-

(57.

Levelof antibodyagainsthepatitisA antigen in blood(arbitrarvunit) 0 297 351

Vaccination can confer protective effect to individual(s)

A. E C. Dr

X only../ Z only. XandYonly. YandZonlv.

I

in a bodycell of a boy with Whichof the following photomicrographs showsthe full setof chromosomes abnormalities in his chromosomes?

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Directions:

Questions59 and 60 referto the diagrambelow,which showsa set-updesignedby a studentfor investigating the growthresponse of coleoptiles: aluminiumfoil coveringpart of thecoleoptile

€uni,atera,,ight { / 5/ '

Y

x

Y

After a few days, the aluminium foil was removed. Which of the following diagrams shows the most probableresultsof the investigation?

A

s./

T T

] X

c./

I X

6/ I

)

I I I I

Y

.4

Y

X

Y

X

Y

Whichof the followingset-upswouldprobablyservea similaraim asthe student'sinvestigation?

-,R,

A. metalcap

Jt P

[} <- unnaterar ffft;:"+ wrth auxrn' right ll ll

il

U

a

/

ll

U

P

|'| + unnaterar risnt ll

U

ll a

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v

C.

d^

lr--

[) <- un'aterar

l*t P

ll ll U

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a- unilateral right

rl

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rotatine -I

a

fl ll

[l fl

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a

END OF PAPER Sourcesof materials used in this paper will be acknowledged in the Examination Report and euestion papers publishedby the Hong Kong Examinationsand AssessmentAuthority at a later stage.

2007-cE-Bto 2-t7

t7