Catholic Refresher
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CATHOLIC REFRESHER
Opening Prayer Come, Holy Spirit Come, Holy Spirit, fill the hearts of the faithful and enkindle in them the fire of Your love. V. Send forth Your Spirit and they shall be created. R. And You shall renew the face of the earth. Let us pray. O God, by the light of the Holy Spirit, You have taught the hearts of Your faithful. In the same Spirit help us to know what is truly right and always to rejoice in Your consolation. We ask this through Christ, our Lord. Amen.
First Joyful Mystery The Annunciation
The Fifth Joyful Mystery—The Finding in the Temple And thinking that he was in the company, they came a day's journey, and sought him among their kinsfolks and acquaintance. And not finding him, they returned into Jerusalem, seeking him. And it came to pass, that, after three days, they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, hearing them, and asking them questions. And all that heard him were astonished at his wisdom and his answers. Luke 2:44-48
The Sacramental Economy
The Sacraments of Christ Adhering to the teaching of the Holy Scriptures, to the apostolic traditions, and to the consensus . . . of the Fathers," we profess that "the sacraments of the new law were . . . all instituted by Jesus Christ our Lord." CCC 1114 Jesus' words and actions during his hidden life and public ministry were already salvific, for they anticipated the power of his Paschal mystery. They announced and prepared what he was going to give the Church when all was accomplished. [F]or "what was visible in our Savior has passed over into his mysteries. CCC 1115
Baltimore No. 2, Compendium 136. Q. What is a Sacrament? 225 A. A Sacrament is an outward sign instituted by Christ to give grace. 137. Q. How many Sacraments are there? 224 A. There are seven Sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and Matrimony. 138. Q. Whence have the Sacraments the power of giving grace? A. The Sacraments have the power of giving grace from the merits of Jesus Christ. 229 139. Q. What grace do the Sacraments give? 423, 424 A. Some of the Sacraments give sanctifying grace, and others increase it in our souls. 140. Q. Which are the Sacraments that give sanctifying grace? A. The Sacraments that give sanctifying grace are Baptism and Penance; and they are called Sacraments of the dead. 263, 310
The Sacraments Healing Penance Anointing of the Sick
Initiation Baptism Confirmation (Chrismation) Eucharist
Service of Communion Holy Orders Matrimony
Sacramental Gifts Celebrated worthily in faith, the sacraments confer the grace that they signify. They are efficacious because in them Christ himself is at work CCC 1127 [T]he sacrament is not wrought by the righteousness of either the celebrant or the recipient, but by the power of God CCC 1128 The Church affirms that for believers the sacraments of the New Covenant are necessary for salvation CCC 1129 The merit of man before God in the Christian life arises from the fact that God has freely chosen to associate man with the work of his grace CCC 2008 Our merits are God's gifts
St. Augustine, Sermo 298
Baptism Holy Baptism is the basis of the whole Christian life, the gateway to life in the Spirit and the door which gives access to the other sacraments CCC 1213 Peter said, "Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins; and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit." Acts 2:38 The Lord himself affirms that Baptism is necessary for salvation. Jn 3:5 For all the baptized, children or adults, faith must grow after Baptism. CCC 1254
Baptism The Church and the parents would deny a child the priceless grace of becoming a child of God were they not to confer Baptism shortly after birth. Can. 867 As regards children who have died without Baptism, the Church can only entrust them to the mercy of God CCC 1261 By Baptism all sins are forgiven, original sin and all personal sins, as well as all punishment for sin. CCC 1263 Baptism constitutes the foundation of communion among all Christians, including those who are not yet in full communion with the Catholic Church CCC 1271 Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, even if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of salvation. CCC 1272
Confirmation It must be explained to the faithful that the reception of the sacrament of Confirmation is necessary for the completion of baptismal grace. For "by the sacrament of Confirmation, [the baptized] are more perfectly bound to the Church and are enriched with a special strength of the Holy Spirit. Hence they are, as true witnesses of Christ, more strictly obliged to spread and defend the faith by word and deed." CCC 1285 The imposition of hands is rightly recognized by the Catholic tradition as the origin of the sacrament of Confirmation, which in a certain way perpetuates the grace of Pentecost in the Church. CCC 1288
Confirmation Confirmation brings an increase and deepening of baptismal grace: † it roots us more deeply in the divine filiation which makes us cry, "Abba! Father!"; † it unites us more firmly to Christ; † it increases the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us; † it renders our bond with the Church more perfect; † it gives us a special strength of the Holy Spirit to spread and defend the faith by word and action as true witnesses of Christ, to confess the name of Christ boldly, and never to be ashamed of the Cross
Holy Eucharist
Penance "On the evening of that day, the first day of the week," Jesus showed himself to his apostles. "He breathed on them, and said to them: 'Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained"' (Jn 20:19, 22-23). The forgiveness of sins committed after Baptism is conferred by a sacrament called the sacrament of conversion, confession, penance, or reconciliation. CCC 1486 To return to communion with God after having lost it through sin is a process born of the grace of God who is rich in mercy and solicitous for the salvation of men. CCC 1489 The penitent's acts are repentance, confession or disclosure of sins to the priest, and the intention to make reparation and do works of reparation. CCC 1491
Penance The spiritual effects of the sacrament of Penance are: reconciliation with God by which the penitent recovers grace; reconciliation with the Church; remission of the eternal punishment incurred by mortal sins; remission, at least in part, of temporal punishments resulting from sin; peace and serenity of conscience, and spiritual consolation; an increase of spiritual strength for the Christian battle
Anointing of the Sick Christ's compassion toward the sick and his many healings of every kind of infirmity are a resplendent sign that "God has visited his people" CCC 1503 "So they went out and preached that men should repent. And they cast out many demons, and anointed with oil many that were sick and healed them." Mk 6:12-13 But even the most intense prayers do not always obtain the healing of all illnesses. CCC 1508 The Anointing of the Sick "is not a sacrament for those only who are at the point of death. Hence, as soon as anyone of the faithful begins to be in danger of death from sickness or old age, the fitting time for him to receive this sacrament has certainly already arrived." CCC 1514
Anointing of the Sick Viaticum: The sacrament of Christ once dead and now risen, the Eucharist is here the sacrament of passing over from death to life, from this world to the Father. CCC 1524 The special grace of the sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick has as its effects: the uniting of the sick person to the passion of Christ, for his own good and that of the whole Church; the strengthening, peace, and courage to endure in a Christian manner the sufferings of illness or old age; the forgiveness of sins, if the sick person was not able to obtain it through the sacrament of Penance; the restoration of health, if it is conducive to the salvation of his soul; the preparation for passing over to eternal life.
Apostolic Pardon Given with Viaticum. “Through the holy mysteries of our redemption, may almighty ··God release you from all punishments in this life and in the life to come. May He open to you the gates of ··paradise and welcome you to everlasting joy." "By the authority which the ··Apostolic See has given me, I grant you a full pardon and the remission of all your sins ··in the name of the Father, and of the Son, + and of the Holy Spirit. One who receives the Apostolic Pardon gains the complete pardon of all temporal punishment due to sin that has already been forgiven by the reception of absolution and the doing of penance
Holy Orders The sacrament through which the mission entrusted by Christ to his apostles continues to be exercised in the Church until the end of time: thus it is the sacrament of apostolic ministry. It includes three degrees: episcopate, presbyterate, and diaconate. CCC 1536 It is the same priest, Christ Jesus, whose sacred person his minister truly represents. Now the minister, by reason of the sacerdotal consecration which he has received, is truly made like to the high priest and possesses the authority to act in the power and place of the person of Christ himself (virtute ac persona ipsius Christi). Christ is the source of all priesthood: the priest of the old law was a figure of Christ, and the priest of the new law acts in the person of Christ. CCC 1548
Holy Orders Prayer at Priestly Ordination Lord, fill with the gift of the Holy Spirit him whom you have deigned to raise to the rank of the priesthood, that he may be worthy to stand without reproach before your altar to proclaim the Gospel of your kingdom, to fulfill the ministry of your word of truth, to offer you spiritual gifts and sacrifices, to renew your people by the bath of rebirth; so that he may go out to meet our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, your only Son, on the day of his second coming, and may receive from your vast goodness the recompense for a faithful administration of his order.
Matrimony Sacred Scripture begins with the creation of man and woman in the image and likeness of God and concludes with a vision of "the wedding-feast of the Lamb." Scripture speaks throughout of marriage and its "mystery," its institution and the meaning God has given it, its origin and its end, its various realizations throughout the history of salvation, the difficulties arising from sin and its renewal "in the Lord" in the New Covenant of Christ and the Church CCC 1602 Be subordinate to one another out of reverence for Christ. Wives should be subordinate to their husbands as to the Lord. Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ loved the church and handed himself over for her Ep 5:21,22,25
Matrimony
The marriage covenant...ordered to the good of the couple, as well as to the generation and education of children.
The grace of the sacrament thus perfects the human love of the spouses, strengthens their indissoluble unity, and sanctifies them on the way to eternal life (cf. Council of Trent: DS 1799). Unity, indissolubility, and openness to fertility are essential to marriage. The remarriage of persons divorced from a living, lawful spouse contravenes the plan and law of God as taught by Christ. They are not separated from the Church, but they cannot receive Eucharistic communion. They will lead Christian lives especially by educating their children in the faith. The Christian home is the place where children receive the first proclamation of the faith. For this reason the family home is rightly called "the domestic church." CCC 1660, 1661, 1664-6
Opening Prayer Come, Holy Spirit Come, Holy Spirit, fill the hearts of the faithful and enkindle in them the fire of Your love. V. Send forth Your Spirit and they shall be created. R. And You shall renew the face of the earth. Let us pray. O God, by the light of the Holy Spirit, You have taught the hearts of Your faithful. In the same Spirit help us to know what is truly right and always to rejoice in Your consolation. We ask this through Christ, our Lord. Amen.
First Joyful Mystery The Annunciation
The Fifth Joyful Mystery—The Finding in the Temple And thinking that he was in the company, they came a day's journey, and sought him among their kinsfolks and acquaintance. And not finding him, they returned into Jerusalem, seeking him. And it came to pass, that, after three days, they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, hearing them, and asking them questions. And all that heard him were astonished at his wisdom and his answers. Luke 2:44-48
The Sacramental Economy
The Sacraments of Christ Adhering to the teaching of the Holy Scriptures, to the apostolic traditions, and to the consensus . . . of the Fathers," we profess that "the sacraments of the new law were . . . all instituted by Jesus Christ our Lord." CCC 1114 Jesus' words and actions during his hidden life and public ministry were already salvific, for they anticipated the power of his Paschal mystery. They announced and prepared what he was going to give the Church when all was accomplished. [F]or "what was visible in our Savior has passed over into his mysteries. CCC 1115
Baltimore No. 2, Compendium 136. Q. What is a Sacrament? 225 A. A Sacrament is an outward sign instituted by Christ to give grace. 137. Q. How many Sacraments are there? 224 A. There are seven Sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Orders, and Matrimony. 138. Q. Whence have the Sacraments the power of giving grace? A. The Sacraments have the power of giving grace from the merits of Jesus Christ. 229 139. Q. What grace do the Sacraments give? 423, 424 A. Some of the Sacraments give sanctifying grace, and others increase it in our souls. 140. Q. Which are the Sacraments that give sanctifying grace? A. The Sacraments that give sanctifying grace are Baptism and Penance; and they are called Sacraments of the dead. 263, 310
The Sacraments Healing Penance Anointing of the Sick
Initiation Baptism Confirmation (Chrismation) Eucharist
Service of Communion Holy Orders Matrimony
Sacramental Gifts Celebrated worthily in faith, the sacraments confer the grace that they signify. They are efficacious because in them Christ himself is at work CCC 1127 [T]he sacrament is not wrought by the righteousness of either the celebrant or the recipient, but by the power of God CCC 1128 The Church affirms that for believers the sacraments of the New Covenant are necessary for salvation CCC 1129 The merit of man before God in the Christian life arises from the fact that God has freely chosen to associate man with the work of his grace CCC 2008 Our merits are God's gifts
St. Augustine, Sermo 298
Baptism Holy Baptism is the basis of the whole Christian life, the gateway to life in the Spirit and the door which gives access to the other sacraments CCC 1213 Peter said, "Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins; and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit." Acts 2:38 The Lord himself affirms that Baptism is necessary for salvation. Jn 3:5 For all the baptized, children or adults, faith must grow after Baptism. CCC 1254
Baptism The Church and the parents would deny a child the priceless grace of becoming a child of God were they not to confer Baptism shortly after birth. Can. 867 As regards children who have died without Baptism, the Church can only entrust them to the mercy of God CCC 1261 By Baptism all sins are forgiven, original sin and all personal sins, as well as all punishment for sin. CCC 1263 Baptism constitutes the foundation of communion among all Christians, including those who are not yet in full communion with the Catholic Church CCC 1271 Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, even if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of salvation. CCC 1272
Confirmation It must be explained to the faithful that the reception of the sacrament of Confirmation is necessary for the completion of baptismal grace. For "by the sacrament of Confirmation, [the baptized] are more perfectly bound to the Church and are enriched with a special strength of the Holy Spirit. Hence they are, as true witnesses of Christ, more strictly obliged to spread and defend the faith by word and deed." CCC 1285 The imposition of hands is rightly recognized by the Catholic tradition as the origin of the sacrament of Confirmation, which in a certain way perpetuates the grace of Pentecost in the Church. CCC 1288
Confirmation Confirmation brings an increase and deepening of baptismal grace: † it roots us more deeply in the divine filiation which makes us cry, "Abba! Father!"; † it unites us more firmly to Christ; † it increases the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us; † it renders our bond with the Church more perfect; † it gives us a special strength of the Holy Spirit to spread and defend the faith by word and action as true witnesses of Christ, to confess the name of Christ boldly, and never to be ashamed of the Cross
Holy Eucharist
Penance "On the evening of that day, the first day of the week," Jesus showed himself to his apostles. "He breathed on them, and said to them: 'Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained"' (Jn 20:19, 22-23). The forgiveness of sins committed after Baptism is conferred by a sacrament called the sacrament of conversion, confession, penance, or reconciliation. CCC 1486 To return to communion with God after having lost it through sin is a process born of the grace of God who is rich in mercy and solicitous for the salvation of men. CCC 1489 The penitent's acts are repentance, confession or disclosure of sins to the priest, and the intention to make reparation and do works of reparation. CCC 1491
Penance The spiritual effects of the sacrament of Penance are: reconciliation with God by which the penitent recovers grace; reconciliation with the Church; remission of the eternal punishment incurred by mortal sins; remission, at least in part, of temporal punishments resulting from sin; peace and serenity of conscience, and spiritual consolation; an increase of spiritual strength for the Christian battle
Anointing of the Sick Christ's compassion toward the sick and his many healings of every kind of infirmity are a resplendent sign that "God has visited his people" CCC 1503 "So they went out and preached that men should repent. And they cast out many demons, and anointed with oil many that were sick and healed them." Mk 6:12-13 But even the most intense prayers do not always obtain the healing of all illnesses. CCC 1508 The Anointing of the Sick "is not a sacrament for those only who are at the point of death. Hence, as soon as anyone of the faithful begins to be in danger of death from sickness or old age, the fitting time for him to receive this sacrament has certainly already arrived." CCC 1514
Anointing of the Sick Viaticum: The sacrament of Christ once dead and now risen, the Eucharist is here the sacrament of passing over from death to life, from this world to the Father. CCC 1524 The special grace of the sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick has as its effects: the uniting of the sick person to the passion of Christ, for his own good and that of the whole Church; the strengthening, peace, and courage to endure in a Christian manner the sufferings of illness or old age; the forgiveness of sins, if the sick person was not able to obtain it through the sacrament of Penance; the restoration of health, if it is conducive to the salvation of his soul; the preparation for passing over to eternal life.
Apostolic Pardon Given with Viaticum. “Through the holy mysteries of our redemption, may almighty ··God release you from all punishments in this life and in the life to come. May He open to you the gates of ··paradise and welcome you to everlasting joy." "By the authority which the ··Apostolic See has given me, I grant you a full pardon and the remission of all your sins ··in the name of the Father, and of the Son, + and of the Holy Spirit. One who receives the Apostolic Pardon gains the complete pardon of all temporal punishment due to sin that has already been forgiven by the reception of absolution and the doing of penance
Holy Orders The sacrament through which the mission entrusted by Christ to his apostles continues to be exercised in the Church until the end of time: thus it is the sacrament of apostolic ministry. It includes three degrees: episcopate, presbyterate, and diaconate. CCC 1536 It is the same priest, Christ Jesus, whose sacred person his minister truly represents. Now the minister, by reason of the sacerdotal consecration which he has received, is truly made like to the high priest and possesses the authority to act in the power and place of the person of Christ himself (virtute ac persona ipsius Christi). Christ is the source of all priesthood: the priest of the old law was a figure of Christ, and the priest of the new law acts in the person of Christ. CCC 1548
Holy Orders Prayer at Priestly Ordination Lord, fill with the gift of the Holy Spirit him whom you have deigned to raise to the rank of the priesthood, that he may be worthy to stand without reproach before your altar to proclaim the Gospel of your kingdom, to fulfill the ministry of your word of truth, to offer you spiritual gifts and sacrifices, to renew your people by the bath of rebirth; so that he may go out to meet our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, your only Son, on the day of his second coming, and may receive from your vast goodness the recompense for a faithful administration of his order.
Matrimony Sacred Scripture begins with the creation of man and woman in the image and likeness of God and concludes with a vision of "the wedding-feast of the Lamb." Scripture speaks throughout of marriage and its "mystery," its institution and the meaning God has given it, its origin and its end, its various realizations throughout the history of salvation, the difficulties arising from sin and its renewal "in the Lord" in the New Covenant of Christ and the Church CCC 1602 Be subordinate to one another out of reverence for Christ. Wives should be subordinate to their husbands as to the Lord. Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ loved the church and handed himself over for her Ep 5:21,22,25
Matrimony
The marriage covenant...ordered to the good of the couple, as well as to the generation and education of children.
The grace of the sacrament thus perfects the human love of the spouses, strengthens their indissoluble unity, and sanctifies them on the way to eternal life (cf. Council of Trent: DS 1799). Unity, indissolubility, and openness to fertility are essential to marriage. The remarriage of persons divorced from a living, lawful spouse contravenes the plan and law of God as taught by Christ. They are not separated from the Church, but they cannot receive Eucharistic communion. They will lead Christian lives especially by educating their children in the faith. The Christian home is the place where children receive the first proclamation of the faith. For this reason the family home is rightly called "the domestic church." CCC 1660, 1661, 1664-6
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