Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

C AR D I O P U L M O N A R Y OBJECTIVES A. Airway

1. Assessment: Determine unresponsiveness 2. Get help 3. Position the victim. 4. Open the airway. 5. Assessment: Determine breathlessness. 6. Give 2 rescue breath

B. Breathing

7. Option for Obstructed airway.

C. Circulation

8. Assessment: Determine pulselessness. Begin Chest Compression: 9. Landmark check 10. Hand position 11. Compression rate 12. Compression to breath 13. Number of cycles 14. Reassessment

CPR Cycles

Option for entrance of 2nd rescuer: “I know CPR”

1st rescuer ends CPR 2nd rescuer check pulse If no pulse, 2nd rescuer begins CPR

Option for pulse return

1st rescuer monitor 2nd rescuer and pt. If no breathing, give rescue breath

(CPR ) ACTIONS Adult (Over 8 y.o.) Child (1-8 y.o.) Infant (under 1 y.o.) Tap or gently shake shoulder. Say, “Are you okay?” , Call his/her name Call out “Help” Turn on back as a unit, supporting head and neck if necessary. Head tilt / chin lift Maintain open airway. Place ear over mouth, observing chest. Look, listen, feel for breathing. Maintain open airway Seal mouth to mouth Give 2 rescue breaths, 1 to 1 ½ seconds each. Observe chest rise. Allow lung deflation between breaths. a. Reposition victim’s head. Try again rescue breaths. b. Give 6-10 subdiaphragmatic thrusts (the Haimlich maneuver.) Give 4 back blows Give 4 chest thrusts c. tongue-jaw lift and finger sweep. Tongue-jaw lift but finger sweep only if you see a foreign objects If unsuccessful, repeat a, b, and c until successful. Feel for the carotid pulse with one hand; maintain head-tilt with the other Feel for brachial pulse, keep head-tilt Run middle finger along bottom edge of rib cage to notch at center (tip of sternum) Imagine a line drawn between the nipples Place index finger next to finger on notch: Place 2-3 fingers on sternum Two hands next to index finger. Heel of one hand next to index finger. 1 finger’s width below line. Depress: ½ - 2 in. Depress: 1 – 1 ½ in. Depress ½ - 1 in. 80 – 100 per minute At least 100 per minute 2 breath every 15 compressions 1 breath to every 5 compression 4 10 10 Feel for carotid pulse Feel for brachial pulse If no pulse, resume CPR, starting with 2 If no pulse, resume CPR, starting with 1 breath breaths. End cycle with 2 rescue breath End cycle with 1 breath Feel for carotid pulse (5 sec.) Feel for brachial pulse Begin one-rescuer CPR, starting with 2 Begin one-rescuer, starting with 1 breath. breaths. Watch for chest rise and fall during breathing; check pulse during chest compressions. 1 breath every 5 seconds 1 breath every 4 seconds 1 breath for every 3 seconds CPR

CPR Adult (1st rescuer) Adult (2st rescuer) Child Infant

Depress 1 – ½” – 2” 1 – ½” – 2” 1 – ½” – 2” ½” – 1”

Hand Heel, use both hand Heel, use both hand Heel of 1 hand 2 finger tips

R E S U S C I TAT I O N

Position Lower sternum Lower sternum Lower sternum Lower sternum

Facts Ratio Compression per breath 15:2 5:1 (1 breath every 5 seconds) 5:1 (1 breath every 4 seconds) 5:1 (1 breath every 3 seconds)

Part of Rate 80-100/min 80-100/min 80-100/min 100/120min

Hand pulse Carotid (neck) Carotid (neck) Carotid (neck) Brachial (arm)

Ventilations Full breaths (0.8L) Full breaths (0.8L) Gentle breaths Gentle “cuffs”