Carbon Credit

CARBON CREDIT A Presentation by Vivek Tomar Entry no-2008jes2972 Under the supervision of Prof Avinash Chandra Centre for Energy Studies, IIT Delhi

INTRODUCTION 

There are Green house gases(CO2,CH4,N2O,F-gas) that are responsible for Global warming & climate change

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During 1992 Rio Earth Submit –the United Nation Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC ),to which India is also a part, who signed this agreement on 10 June 1992. A protocol to UNFCCC, known as Kyoto Protcol was adopted in Dec 1997,which enjoin upon the developed country party to reduce their GHG emission by a global average of 5.2% below the 1990 level during 2008-12.

KYOTO PROTOCOL

The Kyoto Protocol has brought out three mechanism for GHGs emission reduction. They are: 1.) Joint Implementation (JI); 2.) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) 3.) International Emission Trading (IET)

The Kyoto flexible mechanism (CD4CDM, 2007).

Marginal cost of reduction in investor and host country

Registered project activites (UNFCCC, 2008d): (a) registered projects by host, total 1,077 projects; (b) registered projects by Annex I, total 1,085 projects;(c) distribution of registered projects activites by scope, total 1,085 projects.

Methodologies 

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Annual emission reduction .i.e. Certified emission reduction (CERs),

CERs (tCO2) = (EG baseline -EG plant) EFy EG baseline = baseline electricity generated by power grid in MWh EG plant = electricity generated by project activity in MWh EFy (tCO2 /MWh) =baseline emission factor of year y

Methodologies 

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Baseline methodology: CDM Executive board approved four emission factor for India.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Weighted average; Simple operating margin; Build margin; Combined margin;

Methodologies  Weighted

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average:- Average CO2 emitted

per unit of electricity generated in the grid. (tCO2)/year.

Methodologies

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Simple operating margin:- there emissions factor can be calculated using either of the two following data vintages: 1. 2.

Ex ante option. Ex post option.

Option A.

Methodologies  Option

B.

 Option

B1.

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Methodologies  Option

B2.

 Option

B3.

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Methodologies  Build

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margin (BM):- Average emissions intensity

of the 20% most recent capacity additions in the grid based on net generation.

Methodologies  Combined

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margin (CM):- Weighted average of

the simple operating margin and the build margin.

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Wind and solar power generation project activities: wOM = 0.75 and wBM = 0.25

Proposed plan:

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Effect of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) on economic parameter of renewable energy Potential of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in renewable energy sector in India . Effect of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) on renewable energy Effect on the Life cycle analysis of renewable energy system

CURRENT STATUS OF CDM IN INDIA