Business Mathematics 13 Sept

Business Mathematics AFTERSCHO☺OL – DEVELOPING CHANGE MAKERS CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PGPSE PROGRAMME – World’ Most Comprehensive programme in social entrepreneurship & spiritual entrepreneurship OPEN FOR ALL FREE FOR ALL

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Business Mathematics Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHO☺OL Centre for social entrepreneurship Bikaner M: 9414430763 [email protected] www.afterschool.tk, www.afterschoool.tk www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

There are 3 books of accounts, 4 books of maths, 5 books on leadership, in how many ways can we place them on a bookshelf, if books of one subject will come together? • 3 books can be put in 3!, 4 books can be put in 4!, 5 books can be put in 5! We have 3 subjects, thus we have 3! For interchanging subjects. Thus we have 3!*4!*5!*3! = 103680 answer. www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Orange can be made by equal amount of Red and Yellow, Pink can be made by equal amount of white and red. Avocado can be made from equal amount of orange and pink. What is the minimum and maximum cost of avocado? • Costs: orange : 22, pink : 18, white : 15, Red : 20, yellow : 25. www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Solution • Least cost is when we mix orange with equal amount of (red +white combination). • This will cost : 22 +17.5 / 2 • =39.5 / 2 = 19.75

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Sum of 3rd , 15th, elements of AP is equal to sum of 6th, 11th, and 13th elements. Which element is Zero? • (A+2D)+(A+14D) = (A+5D)+(A+10D)+(A+12D) • =2A+16D = 3A +27 D • =A = -11D • Thus 12th element is Zero. Answer. www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Ajay, Jiten, Dhawal, Goti,Prateek sit together on round table in such a way that the heaviest always sits with the lightest. In how many ways can they sit together? • Let us treat the heaviest and lightest as one. Thus we have 4 persons now. The formulae is (N-1)! Thus we have (4-1)! Or 3! Or 6 let us multiply this by 2 (for interchange of heaviest and lightest. Thus www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS 6*2 = 12 answer.

What is interest rate swap? • Swap means exchange. When you can exchange your interest rate obligations, it is called SWAP. You may exchange fixed rate obligations for floating rate obligation or you may exchange your obligations in different foreign currencies.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is NPA ? • When there is credit default, it is called NPA. If I take loan from Bank and don’t repay, it will become NPA for the bank and bank will have to take some action for this. NPA = Non performing Asset

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is EPZ? • Export Processing Zone – it is a geographic area, where there are special facilities for exporters.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is EOU • Export Oriented Unit. • These are units, which have been set up exclusively for exporting.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is QR? • Quantitative Restriction • When there is restriction on import, it is called QR. Now these have been removed as per the discussions held at WTO meetings.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is export subsidy? • These are monetary assistance to exporters for exporting more and more. These are not permitted as WTO guidelines. India also does not give export subsidies, but there are many indirect subsidies that are given like assistance in marketing, export promotion, guarantees, export finance, export insurance etc. www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is DFEC? • Duty Free Export Credit. • In order to promote exports, there are many schemes to promote entrepreneurs to start export houses. One such scheme is DFEC. Served from India is also a DFEC.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

In which market can we have homogenous products? • Perfect and Oligopoly

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

In which markets can we have differentiated products? • Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What kind of market is there in Telecom (mobile) in India? • Oligopoly

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What kind of market is there in case of soaps? • Monopolistic competition

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is the formulae of MR? • MR = marginal revenue • Change in revenue / change in quantity

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

What is difference in outlay cost and opportunity cost? • In outlay cost, we are actually spending some money. In opportunity cost, we are not spending any money.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

If the prices increase, in which of these products, our total sales revenue will increase? • Salt, Rice, Car, Mobile, Wheat, Petrol, jewellery • Solution: • Salt, Rice, Wheat, Petrol are essential commodities, so their demand is relatively inelastic. So, total revenue will increase. Jewellery is luxury goods, but here demand increases with increase in price, so demand may increase. In other cases, total revenue will decrease. www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

In your budget line there are three indifference curves A,B,C. A is higher than B, and B is higher than C. Which curve will you choose for your decisions? • A because higher indifference curve represents higher satisfaction.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

I get Sambhar Vada at Rs. 10 per piece. My utility is 30,20,10,5,4 for successive units. What is my surplus? • I shall use 3 units. My surplus will be (3010) + (20-10) + (10-10) = 30 units. Answer.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

ABOUT AFTERSCHO☺OL Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available online also. It also conducts workshops on social entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India – start social entrepreneurship club in your institution today with the help from afterschoool and help us in developing society.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Why such a programme? • To promote people to take up entrepreneurship and help develop the society • To enable people to take up franchising and other such options to start a business / social development project • To enable people to take up social development as their mission • To enable people to promote spirituality and positive thinking in the world www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Who are our supporters? • Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries, entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs are supporting us. • You can also support us – not necessarily by money – but by being promotor of our concept and our ideas.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

About AFTERSCHO☺OL PGPSE – the best programme for developing great entrepreneurs • • • • •

Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme Available in distance learning mode Case study focused- latest cases Industry oriented practical curriculum Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just an employee • Option to take up part time job – so earn while you learn • The only absolutely free course on internet www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Workshops from AFTERSCHO☺OL • • • • • • • • •

IIF, Delhi CIPS, Jaipur ICSI Hyderabad Branch Gyan Vihar, Jaipur Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneshwar Pacific Institute, Udaipur Engineering College, Hyderabad

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Flexible Specialisations: • • • • • • • • • •

Spiritualising business and society Rural development and transformation HRD and Education, Social Development NGO and voluntary work Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion Retail sector, BPO, KPO Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA) Hospital management and Health care Hospitality sector and culture and heritage Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social relevance

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Salient features: • The only programme of its kind (in the whole world) • No publicity and low profile course • For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a degree • Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of the education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend classes • Scholarships for those from poor economic background • Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace with the time • Placement for those who are interested • Admissions open throughout the year • Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study material www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Components • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad) Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development Essential softwares for business Business plan, Research projects Participation in conferences / seminars Workshops on leadership, team building etc. Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs Editing of journals / newsletters Consultancy / research projects Assignments, communication skill workshops Participation in conferences and seminars Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Pedagogy • • • • • • • • •

Case analysis, Articles from Harvard Business Review Quiz, seminars, workshops, games, Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits Presentations, Latest audio-visuals Group discussions and group projects Periodic self assessment Mentoring and counselling Study exchange programme (with institutions out of India) • Rural development / Social welfare projects www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Branches • AFTERSCHO☺OL will shortly open its branches in important cities in India including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and other important cities. Afterschooolians will be responsible for managing and developing these branches – and for promoting social entrepreneurs.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Case Studies • We want to write case studies on social entrepreneurs, first generation entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs. Please help us in this process. Help us to be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that we may develop entrepreneurs.

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

Basic values at AFTERSCHO☺OL • • • • • •

Share to learn more Interact to develop yourself Fear is your worst enemy Make mistakes to learn Study & discuss in a group Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support and help • Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how & where? • Embrace change – and compete with yourself only www.afterschoool.tk

AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk social entrepreneurship for better society

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AFTERSCHO☺OL's MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS