Burmese Magazine

]Ak'g¨ 'dapöm} qdw k phJ um;vH;k udk usr;f *efawGrmS awGU&w,f/ jrefrmjyefawmh ]bk&m;wnf;[laomaerif;? aerif;wnf; [laom bk&m;}/ wdw k akd jym&&if ]bk&m; aerif;? aerif; bk&m;} aygh/ t"duuawmh bk&m;udk aerif;eJEY iId ;f w,f? wifpm;w,fvYkd odzv Ykd &kd if;ygyJ/ yxrqH;k 'Dwifpm;rIeYJ ywfoufvYkd usrf;*efvmwJt h wdik ;f avhvmMunfv h u kd f Mur,f/ 0denf; y&d0g&ygVd? ork|meoacFy-rSm 'Dvkd awGU&w,f/ ]Ak'g¨ 'dapö teKyÜaEé? Ak'g¨ 'dapö tEk*a¾ w? awoH ocFw"r®meH? emrrwåH e em,wd}wJ/h *gxm&JU t"dymÜ ,fuawmh ]]bk&m;wnf;[laomaerif; r&Scd &hJ if? aerjrifhcJh&if? aeray:xGufcJh&if ocFg&w&m;tm;vHk; [m tedp?ö 'ku?© tewåjzpfw,f? ocFg&w&m;awG[m taMumif;w&m;awGu zefw;D xm;w,fqw kd mudk rod Edik yf gbl;/ 'ghtjyif edAmÁ efawG? ynwfawGqw kd mudv k nf; uGJuGJjym;jym; cGJjcm;em;vnfEdkifrSm r[kwfygbl;/ 'Davmufqdk wifpm;xm;w,fqdkwJh pum; twGuv f akH vmufNy/D tck a&mifeOD ;D eJyY wfoufvYkd ajymyg awmhr,f/ aerif;[m jrefrmEdik if ?H xdik ;f Edik if ?H oD&v d uFm Edik if ?H uarÇm'D;,m;eJY vmtdq k w kd hJ ig;Edik if rH mS vif;ae aMumif; tm;vH;k utodtrSwjf yKMuw,f/ tm;vH;k qdk wmvnf; urÇmeJcY sDNyD;ajymwm r[kwyf gbl;/ todrw S f jyKwJh olw&Ykd UJ twdik ;f twmudk &nfneT ;f ajymwmyg/ ig; Edik if H vdv Yk ufcx H m;wmu ax&0g'a&mifjcnfvrT ;f ae wmudak jymMuwmyg/ wu,fwrf; aerif;u 'Dig;Edik if rH mS

82 v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ;

v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ; 83

yJ xGef;vif;awmufyw,fvdkY ajymvdkY&yghrvm;? wu,fvnf; 'D *smrPDrSm&SdwJh vlawGtwGuf tjcm; r[m,me? wEÅ&,mepwJh Edik if aH wGrmS a&m qGr;f cHwm[m xl;qef;ygw,f/ 'DrmS &Sw d hJ vlawGu aerif; ta&mifr&awmhb;l vm;vdYk ar;p&m&Sw d ,f/ qGr;f cHwmudk b,favmufawmif txl;wvnf jzpf 'Dawmh tJ'ED ikd if aH wGrmS vnf; aerif;ta&mif&Edik yf g aeovJq&kd if oydwu f kd ]]tJ'g bmvkyw f [ hJ mvJ}}wJ/h w,fvdkY ajz&rSmyg/ ta&mifawmufyrIuawmh jrwfpmG bk&m;u 'Dcu G ef pYJ m;zdYk cGijhf yKcJw h m/ uGmvdrfhr,faygh/ em;vnfatmif em;vnfovdk &Si;f jy&wmawmif&dS ckajymr,fah &mifeOD ;D [m ax&0g'a&mifeOD ;D / ao;/ ]]qGr;f cHawmh b,foal wGuavmif;o vJ}}vdYk ax&0g'a&mifeDOD;qdkayr,fh ax&0g'ig;EdkifiHu ar;p&m&Sw d ,f/ ol (*smrPD &[ef;awmf) ud, k w f idk f a&mifeu D kd ajymrSmr[kwyf gbl;/ tckpma&;ol a&muf awmif odusG r;f jcif;r&Sw d *hJ smrefjynfo?l jynfom;awG aewJh *smrPDEikd if u H a&mifet D aMumif; waphw u avmif;wmaygh/ tJ'D rodruGsrf;olawGu apmif;av;aygh/ tJ'w D aphwapmif;uvnf; ud, k o f d yxrawmh ar;jref;Muwmaygh/ tJ'gbmvkyw f mvJ/ xm;wJh waphwapmif;yJ jzpfygw,f/ tjcm;t&mawG tvSLcHaewmajymawmh ydkufqHvSLr,fwJh/ 'geJY vnf; &SEd ikd yf g&JU/ *smref&[ef;awmfwpfyg; oD&v d uFm ydu k q f t H vSLcHwm r[kwb f ;l / pm;zG,af omufz, G f rSm oDwif;ok;H aexdik cf NhJ y;D 2008? atmufwb kd mvrSm tvSLcHaMumif;&Sif;jyw,f/ pm;zG,faomufzG,fudk olUXmaejzpfwhJ *smrPDEikd if u H kd jyefomG ;av&JU/ olU avmif;ygw,f/ ydak ewJh pm;zG,af wGukd nDrjzpfou l kd twGuf ausmif;vnf;r&S?d tjcm;ypön;f av;yg;vnf; jyefpGefYvdkufw,f/ jyefpGefYw,f qdkwmuvnf; zG,zf , G &f m&mr&Sw d hJ *smrPDeikd if rH mS olU&JUcH,cl sujf zpf aemufaeYbOk ;f ay;&if tyfpyfomG ;&atmif nDru wJh bk&m;tBudKuf? a&S;bk&m;&Siw f Ykd vrf;pOfjzpfwhJ uyÜ, d vkyaf y;wmyg/ aemufawmh 'DrmS xkid ;f vlrsdK; ]Owåad | e yraZÆ,s? "r®H okp&dwH pa&-qGr;f cH0wf awGuakd wGUw,f/ tJ'aD wmh qGr;f cHzt Ykd wGuf ydv k , G u f l udk rarh&bl;? qGr;f cH0wf udk rysufruGuf aumif; oGm;wmaygh/wpfcgw&H olUoli,fcsif;a[mif;awGeYJ aumif;usifMh uav} ("r®y'? avmu0*¾? oka'¨g'e awGU&if olwu Ykd yJ qdik w f pfqikd u f ykd ifo h mG ;Ny;D vdw k mudk 0w¦K) qdw k t hJ wdik ;f qGr;f cH0wfupkd wifcw hJ ,f/ 'D avmif;vSLMuw,f/ ckawmhwpfpwpfpeJY todav; qGr;f cH0wfqw kd m rif;rsdK;rif;EG,jf zpfwhJ bk&m;? rif; rsm;vmawmh b,faeY
ud;k uG,cf w hJ o hJ al wGukd qufvufu;kd uG,f cJhwm/ olwdkhacwfu q&mBuD;rsm; &Sd cJw h myJav/

84 v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ;

[d;k a&S;a&S;wke;f u jzpfysufcw hJ hJ edaj*m"omraP av;udk taomubk&if MunfnKd oGm;wmtoGief YJ omoem jyKoGm;wmyg/ tJ'Dbk&if[m bdk;bGm;rsm; udk;uG,fcJhwJh olawGukd qufvufu;kd uG,cf w hJ m/ olwaYkd cwfu q&mBuD; rsm; &Scd w hJ myJav/ 'DtaMumif;u vlwikd ;f &if;ES;D NyD;om;yg/ csefcyhJ g&ap/ ckvkd qGr;f cH0wfukd oGm;vdu k w f meJY vlawGod oGm;w,f/ OD;Zif;u ax&0g'? bk&m;u 'Dvq kd rG ;f cHwm/ vlawGar;wJh tcgus&ifajym jy&w,fav/ 'DrmS u r[m ,meeJY? wdAuf'vdkif;vm;rm;wdkYavmufudkyJ bk&m;om; awmfvYkd odxm;Muwm/ uJb,fE, S v hf yk yf / qGr;f cH xGuv f u kd f awmh ydk&Sif;oGm;a&m/ wpfcgwav qGrf;cHtdrfuawmh wpftdrfyJ/ toGm;vrf;tjyefvrf;rSm wpfaMumif;wnf; r[kw/f bk&m;omoem vloyd gapqdw k ahJ pwemeJY vrf;udk ajymif;NyD; ausmif;jyefvm&wmvJ &Sad v&JU/ 'gawGuawmh a&mifeED Ek ak v; awGayghav/ Ny;D awmh a&mufump ae&mukv d nf;MunfOh ;D ? b,f vdk ae&vJv/Ydk atmufwb dk mua&mufw,f? uHaumif;vdYk olUcrnf;awmf tdrfcPvGwfaewmeJY aecGihfay;vdkYae& w,f/ tcdu k t f wefaY ygh/ aemuf Ed0k ifbmva&mufawmh 'umwpfO;D u ol&UJ tcef;vGwrf mS aecGiahf y;vdYk ajymif;&jyef w,f/ 2-ywfavmufyg yJ/ tcef;udk vla&mufvmwmeJY ajratmuf c ef ; ud k ajymif;&jyefa&m/ tJ'DtwGif; rS m yJ

ax&0g'Ak ' ¨ b momud k vl a wG o d a tmif a[majymjyozdt Yk zGUJ pnf;eJY pwifvyI &f mS ;cJw h ,f/ ausmif;opf rwnfaxmifao;cif 2009? Zefe0g&Dvtxd aecJw h ,f/ 2009? azazmf 0g&DrmS txyfEpS x f yf&w dS w hJ u dk cf ef;udk ausmif; wdu k t f rnfeYJ pwifwnf axmifcw hJ ,f/ tJ'v D ekd YJ ol ausmif;ae&m&oGm;NyD? tvkyu f bmawGvyk cf v hJ q J akd wmh/ olow d hJ ynmeJY ygVde*YJ smrefwNJG yD; bmomjyefay;xm; wJh pmtkyaf o;ao;av;awG a&;xkwx f m; w,f/ tJ'Dpmtkyfav;awGeJY "r®'gevkyf w,f/ tJ'pD mtkyaf v;awGxrJ mS ygwJh okwf awGuvnf; omoemtwGut f usdK;rsm;wJh r[mowdy|meokw?f "r® puúy0wåeokw?f orm"dow k ?f &m[kavm0g'okw?f tmemyge ówdow k pf wJh aumif;Ed;k &m&mav;awG/ NyD; awmh tajccHA'k b ¨ momtwGuf ig;yg;oDv u pvd?Yk bk&m;0wfjyKyH?k arwåmyd?Yk trQa0 pmwrf;awGyg0ifw,f/ olodwJh ynmu vnf; ax&0g' bkef;BuD;wpfyg; taeeJY toufou d m© rBuD;&ifah o;ayr,fh ol&UJ Ak'¨ bmom vku d pf m;rIuMumcJjh yD/ MA bGUJ udk awmif Ak'b ¨ momtaMumif; pmwrf;a&;NyD; ,lcw hJ m/ ole*dak ecJw h mu xdik 0f rfw?Ykd *syef wdrYk mS aecJw h m/ ol&UJ yifu, kd "f mwfct H wdik ;f ax&0g'udk ydNk yD;vufcw H mrdv Yk Ykd ol[m xdik ;f Edik if rH mS &[ef;jzpfcw hJ ,f/ tJ'aD emuf ax&0g' pmayawGukd vdu k pf m;&if; qGr;f cH0wfukd oD&d vuFmrSm aepOfuvnf;usifo h ;kH oGm;cJw h ,f/ (oD&dvuFmrSm aepOftwGif; jrefrm&[ef; awmfrsm;eJY eD;pyfcGifh&cJhw,f/) olvkyforQ av;awG[mvnf; vlodenf;ao;ayr,fh tawmfxd a&mufaeygNyD/ yxrqH k ; taeeJ Y *smref j ynf o l jynfom;awGudk Ak'¨bmomeJYywfoufNyD; olbmoifay;&vJ qdak wmh. ..tOÆvu d r®vuftyk cf sDwwfatmif oifay;&w,f/ od w,fr[kwv f m;? Oa&myuvlawGu rde;f r &,f?a,musmf;&,f cGJcGJjcm;jcm;&Sdwmr[kwf bl;? cifrifaMumif;udjk yzdYk vufqEJG w I q f uf Muwm/ 'guawmh olw, Ykd Ofaus;rIyaJ v/ vuf v S r f ; wJ h t cg OD ; Zif ; wd k Y b momu v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ; 85

'Dvdkrvkyf&bl;? vuftkyfcsD&wmqdkNyD; oifay;& t& zGix hf m;&w,f/ wpfywfwpfcgawmif rvG,b f ;l w,fav/ ckqkd awmfawmfav; [kwo f mG ;NyD/ pum; av/ oifwef;udk (3)yg;wm0ef,lNyD; ydkYcsygw,f/ ajymwmawmif vuftyk u f av; wcsDcsDe/YJ o&P*kH pma&;olu "r®y' bmom? ol (*smrefO;D Zif;) u eJY ig;yg;oDvuawmh ygVdvkd a&SUuwdik af y;&w,f/ okwåef? *smrefq&mav;u tbd"r®m/ a&mufcg wdik af y;awmh olwu Ykd tyDtjyifawmh vdu k rf qdek id f p tajcaeudk jyefajym&&if ol (*smrefO;D Zif;)uyJ ao;bl;? wpfacgufu ud, k u f wkid af y;? aemufwpf OD;aqmifNyD; toif;u'um? 'umrawGeYJ pma&;ol acguf olweYkd YJ wGq J akd y;&w,fav/ tck wpfcsdKUae twGuf use;f rma&; (health insurance) wm0ef,l &mav;awGrmS rqd;k awmhb;l ? avoHav;awGrv D mNy?D vSLw,f? av,mOfvufrw S f vSLw,f/ a&mufwahJ eY yDvmNyD/ bk&m;0wfjyK csdeNf yD;&ifawmh w&m;xdik &f u uqkev f jynfah eY/ bk&m;&Si&f UJ zGm;? yGi?hf pH? Asm'dwf w,f/1-em&D? oloo d avmuf vlawGukd tdwo f eG zf m cHwahJ eaygh/ txl;jcm;qH;k aom ESpyf wfvnfaeYBuD; arSmuf ajymjyw,f/ a[mjyw,f/ 'gu pma&;ol aygh/ ajymcsifwmu tJ'aD eYu jrefrmvdak wmh ckvkd ra&mufcifuwnf;u pcJw h m/ ajymcJw h ahJ eYy?J 'DrmS uvjynfah usmf (1)&ufaeYrS vjynfh ol oD&v d uFmrSmaewke;f jrefrmOD;Zif;awG wm/ rwlwt hJ cg&So d vdk wlwt hJ cgvnf; &Sw d ,f/ &JU ½d;k om;rI? BudK;pm;rIawGukd olavhvm tuJcwfrcd hJ xm;awmh/ 'DrmS &Sad ewJv h al wGukd Ak'e¨ yYJ wfoufwhJ w,f/ jrefrm&[ef;awmfawG[m ygVd? jrefrmqdik &f m vjynfah usmf (1) &ufqw kd hJ vjynfah eYukd us,u f s,f awGrmS bk&m;taMumif;udk wu,fxx J 0J if0if xdxd jyefjY yefY odapcJw h ,f/ bmaMumifv h q J akd wmh tJ'aD eYu rdrd odMuw,f/ t*Fvyd b f momtwGuf tcuftcJ O,smOfwpfco k mG ;Ny;D bk&m;vSnyhf JG vkyMf uw,f/ tu jzpfaewmudv k nf; oloabmaygufw,f/ trsm;pk tckeaf wGe/YJ jrefrmawGawmh r[kwb f ;l ? xdik ;f vlrsdK; udk &nf&, G af jymwmyg/ tJ'gaMumifv h nf; jrefrm awGyg/ xdik ;f bke;f BuD; (5)yg;? wdAufbek ;f BuD; (3)yg;? ud, k af wmfawGeo YJ l wu,f &ifE;DS rI&o dS mG ;NyD;? jrefrm pma&;oleYJ ol (*smrefO;D Zif;)? pkpak ygif; (10) yg;/ ud, k af wmfawGqu D ae ygVdpmayawGukd avhvmoif tJ't D xJrmS oydwu f u kd ikd Nf yD; ax&0g'&,fvYkd jyEdik f ,lomG ;w,f/ olcifrifwhJ jrefrm&[ef;awmfrsm;pGm wmu pma&;olwEYkd pS yf g;yJ&w dS m/ toGief YJ omoem xJu pma&;olukd uqkev f jynfh aeYta&mufyifyh g jyKcJw h ,fqMkd uygpd/Yk tJ'aD eYrmS awGU&wJph mtkyq f ikd f ava&m/ pma&;ol 'D*smrPDurdk a&mufcifu wnf; awGu wdAufqikd &f m Ak'b ¨ mompmtkyaf wG a&mif; u olvyk o f rSsvyk if ef;awGukd olu, kd w f ikd f pma&;ol wJq h idk u f rsm;w,f/ wdAufbek ;f BuD;awGu, kd w f ikd f qkid f udk tGev f ikd ;f uwpf qifah jymjy w,f/ pma&;ol xdik Mf uw,f/ awGUwJo h u l zkd ufvw J uif; EIwq f uf tBuHay;wmudk vufcH&,lvkyfaqmifcJh w,f/ Muw,f/ (ayGUzufEIwfqufwmaemf)/ &Sdapawmh/ 'DrmS a&mufNyD qdak wmhvnf; jrefrmhx;kH pH olwu Ykd t&ifa&mufEiS w hf mud;k / NyD;awmh vkyyf v kH yk ef nf;rsm; udk ES;D aESm wdik f 'gu olwUkd &JU"avhu;kd ..../ 'gu yif vkyaf qmifcw hJ ,f/ yxrqH;k aeYawGUjrifc&hJ wJh xGuf 'umwpfa,muf udk,fhudk,f pmoif M um;rI eJ Y udo k wfaow,f? bmtaMumif;aMumifh ay:p a&mifeOD ;D av;yg/ ywfoufvYkd uawmh ESpyf wf &,fawmh olrY b wpfaeY pma&;olocd &hJ d rsm;awmif rodb;l ?aowm (1) Budrf oifwef;udk tck awmif jyHK;jyHKav; aooGm;wm olYrdbawGu wJh tjzpftysufav;wpfck avmavmq,f taetxm; uawmh tawmfyJxl;qef;

jyefajymjyvdkh odcJh&w,f/ tJ'g aumif;wJh edrdwfvu©PmyJvdkh ajymjycJhw,f/ ol[m bk&m;½kyw f ak wG ckEpS q f al wmifyal Zmf xm;w,f/

86 v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ;

w,f/ 'umwpfa,muf ud, k u hf , kd u f kd owf aow,f/ bmtaMumif; aMumif&h ,fawmh olUrdbrsm;awmif rodb;l ? aowmawmif jyHK;jyHK;av;aooGm;wmudk olUrdbawGujyef ajymjyvdYk odc&hJ w,f/ tJ'g aumif;wJeh rd w d f vu©PmyJvdkYajymjycJhw,f/ ol[m bk&m; ½kyw f ak wGukd ckEpS q f al wmif ylaZmfxm;w,f/ olu wdAufvrl sdK;jzpfcsif vkq Yd ykd /J pmayqkd &ifvnf; wdAufAk'¨bmomtaMumif;awG zwfxm;wmav/ tajccHtaeeJY bk&m; w&m;awGygyJ/ t"dujzpfwJh r*¾if&Spfyg;? opömav;yg;uawmh twlwyl /J rwlwmu usiyhf ?kH ,lqyHak wG vdo k vdk jyifqifypfw,fvYkd ajym&vdrrhf ,f/ NyD;awmh ax&0g'w&m;vdYk olwu Ykd owfrw S af vh&dS w,f/ tJ... tJ'v D kd aooGm;awmh ol&UJ rsdK;½k;d bmomu tjcm; bmom0ifjzpfaew,f/ olU&JUrdcifu olu;kd uG,w f b hJ mom udk tomxm;vdkY olUom;av; jrwfEdk;wJh bmomtvdktwdkif; tokbpDpOfcJhw,f/ 'gayr,fh tJ't D csderf mS wdAufbek ;f BuD;rsm;udk ryifhcJhbl;/ xifwmajym&&ifawmh olwdkU oabmruswm&Sv d Ydk aerSmaygh/ tckyifw h mu ax&0g'bke;f BuD;(2)yg;? ax&0g'xH;k pHtwdik ;f okomefrmS o&P*kw H ifay;cJw h ,f/ tedpmö 0w ocFg&m....? pwmawG ½Gwaf y;cJw h ,f/ vlawGoad tmif tbdPo S w k u f kd *smrefvkd a&;NyD; jzefaY 0cJw h ,f/ NyD;awmh tdrrf mS a&puf cs trQa0awG tm;vHk;udk ax&0g'xkH;pH twdkif; vkyfay;cJhw,f/ pma&;oltaeeJY jrefrmjynfrmS 'Dvv kd yk w f ,f? ax&0g' xH;k pH t& 'gobm0usw,f? pojzifh pma&;ol uajymjyNyD; ol (*smrefOD;Zif;)u ajymwJh twdik ;f vkyaf qmifcw hJ myg/ usef&pfcw hJ hJ rdcif crsm idak
jrefrmawGawmfyHkudk csD;rGrf;cef;xkwfae&ifvnf; ukefrSm r[kwfawmhbl;? qGrf;avmif;cJhwmutp tck*smrPD a&mufwt hJ xd aus;Zl;w&m;u ajym&if&n S v f sm;r,f/ ('Du vlawGtaMumif; ajymcsifwmrdYk xm;cJh ygr,f) 'Du 'um? 'umrawGu Ak'b ¨ momtaMumif; odwwfcgpjzpfayr,fh a&mufNyD;rMumygbl;? pma&;olwYdk vdt k yfwhJ toH;k taqmif awGjzpfwhJ zdeyf? ajctdwu f tp &moDtvdu k v f t kd yfwm av;awG tvdu k w f odvmvSLMuw,f/ qdik o f mG ;NyD;awmh vnf; vdu k 0f ,f (uyÜ)d ay;Muw,f/ ud, k u hf , kd u f akd wmif eHygwfqu kd u f b,favmufreS ;f rodb;l ? pdw&f n S v f uf&n S f zdeyfuakd &G;ay;w,f? vrf;avQmufcikd ;f w,f/ ud, k phf w d f xJrmS awmh ]]aMomf... 'dYk jrefrmawGvykd gyJvm;}} vdaYk wmif awG;Ny;D auseyfrw d ,f/ pma&;olw&Ykd UJ a&mifex D u G &f mNrKd UrSmu jrefrmrdom;pk wpfpk awmh&ydS gw,f/ jrefrmrdom;pkawGUawmh vnf; olwUkd u vdu I v f u Id v f v SJ yJS gyJ/ olwUkd uvnf;vdt k yf wmawG vSLMuw,fav/ NyD;awmh qGr;f cHomG ;wJt h cgvnf; wpfaeYrw S pftrd f qdak yr,f&h w dS hJ tdru f vnf; bmvdak o;vJ? ae&wmtqifajy&JUvm; &moDOwku wtm;at;awmh ]]ae&wmtqifajy&JUvm;}} pwm pwmawG[m vlawG&UJ xGuaf y:a&mifeOD ;D av;awGaygh/

v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ; 87

k w f m/ wpfaeYawmh jrL;epfqw kd NhJ rdKUwpfNrdKUrSm vl ajymvd&Yk r,fh pm;aomuf qdik af e&mudk a&G;vdu ajymr,fqkd ajymp&mawGygyJ? wpfaeYuqdk (12) a,mufpx k m;NyD; pma&;olu w&m;a[mcJ&h &if Nrd K Uay:uoif wef;wpfcu k tjyefrmS pma&;olukd ao;w,f/ pwk&m&u©qw kd hJ w&m;aygh/ jrefrmawG tzdkY &if;ESD;NyD;om;yg/ ck[mu w&m;a[mwmu bkrodbrod eJY *smref'umwpfa,muf um;ay:u hf mvSLvdYk tvSLcHc&hJ ao;w,f/ rdepf (20)? ar;wmjref;wmu wpfem&Dausmfausmf/ qif;vmNyD; yef;yGiv h u l bke;f BuD;vdaYk wmh odr,fxifygw,f/ olu a[mwmuvJMunfhOD;av? tmemyge xGufav vSLwJo vnf ; bmrS x;l rajymvdYk vSLwmudo k mtvSLcHcNhJ yD; 0ifavudk ]0ifav-t&[H? xGuf av-t&[H} qkw d hJ h ,f/ uEéDenf;emedó,twdkif; a[mawmh vlawGu aus;Zl; wifaMumif;ajymum ausmif;jyefvmcJw h ,f/ ausmif;a&muf rMum;zl;bl; jzpfoGm;wmaygh/ bk&m;enf;vm;vdkU ausmif;a&mufawmh bk&m;vSLcJw awmif tar;cH&&JU/ (uEév D rf;pOf w&m;&SKenf;udk a&mufcsi;f bk&m;0wfjyKzdYk vlawGa&mufaewmeJY tJ'D k w f ,f/ olwv Ykd nf; 0rf;om uEéaD zmifa';&Si;f 0ufbq f u kd f (http://kannifound- taMumif;udk ajymjyvdu oGm;wmaygh/ 'umrwpfa,mufu yef;yGiu hf kd a&aq; k yf gw,f/) ation.org/) rSm tus,fzwf½I Edi vjynh?f vuG,af eYrsm;rSmvJ bke;f BuD;rsm; oefYpifNyD; bk&m;udkvSLay;ygw,f/ tm;vHk;udk jcHKMunfhr,fqdk&ifawmh 'Dvdk u w&m;a[m? w&m;jy? w&m;xdik ef YJ Oykoo f w D if; a&mif e r D sm; ay:xGucf iG &hf zdYk jrefrmEdik if u H ae oD&d onfrsm;uawmh w&m;emw&m;xdkifjyKvkyfMuyg hJ ,f? pmoifcw hJ ,f/ 'gayr,fh w,f/ aemufNyD; pma&;oltwGuf tcsif;csif;quf vuFmajrudk a&mufcw d uFmac: a&TuRef;ajrrSm yd@ygwac: qGr;f cH oG,zf Ykd *smrefbmom vdv k mjyefa&m? 'geJY q&mrBuD; oD&v wpfa,mufu tdrfrSmqdk&if 0denf;odu©myk'ft& usi0hf wf[m jrKd Uay:rSm rawGU&oavmufjzpfaew,f/ roifhawmfbl;vdkY qdkxm;wmodwmeJYyJ q&mrBuD; awmrSmawmh tenf;i,f &Syd gao;w,f/ 'gaMumifh d uFmrSm tawmfav;qdwo f Ok ;f aeNyD ud, k w f ikd f jrL;epf(jrLS;&Sr)f NrKd U&JUBuD;us,v f w S hJ pmMunhf ,cktcg oD&v H rsm;pkrmS jrif& wdu k t f wGi;f rSm vltrsm;pum;ajymvdv Yk nf;&? pm; jzpfwhJ yd@ygw0wf? taemufEikd if t f ikd ;f usifo h ;kH cH aomufvv Ykd nf;&wJh ae&mav;wpfae&m rSm pmoif cJ?awGU&cJwhJ yd@ygw0wf? bk&m;&Siw ,l o m G ;cJ w h h J yd @ ygw0wf r sm;eJ t Y wl vl a wG b uf u cGi&hf w,f/ ynm'gewif ruyg? vdt k yfwhJ pmtkyf pmwrf;yg vSLw,f? tat;uyfw,f/ aemufaeY xGuaf y:wJh 'ge?oDv?bm0em? bke;f BuD;rsm;bufu Ykd m bk&m; twGuq f Nkd y;D awmhawmif vSL'gef;vdu k w f mawG &Sad o;/ xGe;f vif;wJyh &d,wf? y#dywfa&mifjcnfw[ k af wmfwikd f vif; onf[k pmMunfhwdkuftwGif;rSm vlawGu w&m;rSwfae wnf;[laom aerif;ud, rqk E d i k d a f omf v nf ; j r wf p m G bk&m;a[mxm;cJw h hJ tedp?ö ovm; xif&w,f? pdw0f ifpm;rItjynfeh UJ ? wu,fu h kd 'ku?© tewåqw kd w hJ &m;rsm; a&mufvmNyD jzpfwmrdYk oJBuD;rJBuD; pmayavhvmaeMuwm/ uGeyf sLwm tcktvif;wef;[m xGuaf y:pa&mifeOD ;D av;awG udk,fpDeJY/ ajymcsifwmu yif jzpfygw,fvYkd qdv k u kd cf sifygawmh pmMunfw h u kd t f wGi;f pmoifvrYkd &yg w,f / xG u a f y:p a&mif eOD ;D rS onf eH y g w f q d k u f u b,f a vmuf bl;? pum;ajymwmawmif &Sm;yg w,f/ pum;ajymNyD qd&k ifawmif rSe;f rodb;l ? pdw&f n S v f uf&n S f zdeyf vQr;f vQr;f awmufyonfh a&mifjcnf toHomomav;eJaY jymMuwm/ udka&G;ay;w,f? vrf;avQmufcdkif;w,f/ jzpfygap[kom ... &Sif'óe 'gaMumifh pum;aumif;aumif;

udk,fhpdwfxJrSmawmh . . . . ]aMomf . . .'dkhjrefrmawGvdkygyJvm;}vdkY awmifawG;NyD; auseyfrdw,f/

88 v uFm w r ef r *¾ Z if ;