Buddhism By Shashikala As

BUDDHISM BY:

Shashikala A.S. Department of History, Government First Grade College, Peenya, Bangalore 560 058

INTRODUCTION Around 62 religions emerged in 6th century B.C important were Buddism Jainism Ajjivikism Bhagavathism Etc These Religions were splitted from Hinduism. Hinduism is not a religion it is a way of life.

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CAUSES Complex and expensive rites and rituals of

Vedic Religion

The Varna system became very regid and brutal -

Deprivation of education to lower class people and women -

The learned kshtriyas and vaishyas realised the exploitation of bramhanas -

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Problem of language - sanskrit

SIDDARTHA Founding father of Buddhism, son of Shuddhodhana and Mayadevi. 

Born in 563 B.C – Lumbinivana ( presently called Rummindai) 

Wife Yashodhara

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Son Rahula

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Four scene influenced Siddhartha

An Old Man

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A Sick Man

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A Corpse

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A wandering religious Monk

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At the age of 29, he left home called as “Mahabhinishkramana” – great going forth 

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Guru Alarakalama

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Later he joined five bramhana Sadhus

He as under pipal tree for meditation in Bodhgaya – on the river bank of Niranjana 

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49th day he got enlightenment

Buddha means enlightened one

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- First Sermon – Deer park saranath – kashi – five bramhana Sadhus Aswajit Upali Moggalana Sariputta Ananda 

- He was died in 483 B.C at the age of 80 in Kushinagar

Buddha’s Last Word

“All composite things decay strive deligently for the salvation”.

Teachings or Four Noble Truths

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Dukkha – the world is full of sorrows

Dukkha Samudaya – desire is the cause for sorrow 

Dukkha nirodha – seization of sorrow

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Dukkha nirodhagamini pratipada – the path leading to seization of sorrow is Astanga Marga or eight fold path 

Astanga Marga 1.Sammadiththy – right belief, right observation as right view 2.samma sankalpa – right thought or determination 3. samma vakha – right speech 4. samma kammantha - right action 5. samma ajiva - right means or livelihood 6. samma vyayama – right conduct 7. samma sati – right recollection or memory 8. samma samadi – right meditation

Buddhist Councils -

First Buddhist Council – 483 B.C. – Rajagriha – president MahaKashyapa – patranage Magadha ruler ajathashatru

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Second Buddhist Council – 383 B.C – Vaishali – president Subbakami – patranage Kakavarni

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Third Buddhist Council – 253 B.C – pataliputra – president Muggaliputta Tissa – patranage Ashoka

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Fourth Buddhist Council – 1st Century A.D. – Kashmir – presidents Ashwaghosha and vasumitra – patranage – Kanishka, kushana ruler

Divisions

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Heenayaana – Original followers of Buddha’s Principles

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Mahayaana - They Believed in the divinity of Buddha – image worship

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Vajrayaanism – tantrik kelt – matsya, maanini, mamsa – originated in vikramasheela University

Decline of Buddhism Split in the Buddhism Assimilation of Buddhism into Hinduism and Buddha was incorporated as incarnation of Krishna Revival of Hinduism Shungas. Kanwas, Satavahanas were the Brahmins who followed and patronized the Hinduism.

Conclusion Goutama Buddha was one of the most important personalities who propounded a Religion called Buddhism which influenced and helped common people not only in its time but it applied to all the ages. Even our contemporary leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Ambedkar influenced by Buddha and his principles

Thank you