Bryan

BACTERIAL

Impetigo Causative agent:

Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes Characteristics: Superficial skin Infection: isolated pustules Treatment: Penicillin

Folliculitis Causative agent: Staphylococcus

aureus Characteristics: Infection of hair follicle Treatment: Penicillin

Toxic Shock Syndrome Causative agent: Staphylococcus

aureus Characteristics: Fever, rash, shock Treatment: Penicillin

Necrotizing fascilitis Streptococcus pyogenes Characteristics: Extensive tissue destruction Causative agent:

Treatment:

Surgical removal tissue, Penicillin

Erysipelas Causative agent: Streptococcus

pyogenes Characteristics: Reddish patches on skin Treatment: Penicillin

Pseudomonas dermatitis Causative agent: Pseudomonas

aeruginosa Characteristics: Superficial rash Treatment: Usually self-limiting

Otitis externa Causative agent: Pseudomonas

aeruginosa Characteristics: Superficial infection of the external ear canal Treatment: Fluoroquinolones

Acne Causative agent: Propionibacterium

acnes Characteristics: Inflammatory lesions Treatment: Benzoyl peroxide, Isotertinoin, azelaic acid

Warts Papillomavirus spp. Characteristics: Horny projection of skin formed Treatment: Liquid nitrogen cryotheraphy Causative agent:

Smallpox (Variola) Causative agent: Smallpox Characteristics:

(variola) virus

Pustules

Chickenpox (Varicella) Causative agent: Varicella-zoster

virus

Characteristics: Vesicles Treatment:

in most cases confined to face , throat, and lower back Acyclovir for immunocompromised pt.

Shingles (herpes-zoster) Causative agent: Varicella-zoster

virus

Characteristics: Vesicles Treatment:

typically on one side of waist, face Acyclovir for immunocompromised pt.

Herpes simplex Causative agent: Herpes

simplex virus type 1 Characteristics: Commonly as cold sores Treatment: Acyclovir

Measles (rubeola) Causative agent: Measles virus Characteristics: Skin rash of reddish macules

Rubella (German measles) Causative agent: Rubella

virus Characteristics: Mild disease with a rash resembling measles

Fifth disease (erythma infectiosum) Causative agent: Human

parpovirus B19

Characteristics: Mild

disease with facial rash

Ringworm (tinea) Causative agent: Microsporum,

Trichophyton,

Epidermophyton Characteristics: Skin lesions Treatment: Griseofulvin, Clotrimazole

Sporotrichosis Causative agent: Sporothrix

schenkii Characteristics: Ulcer at site of infection Treatment: Potassium iodide solution

Candidiasis Causative agent: Candida

albicans Characteristics: Usually affects mucous membranes Treatment: Miconazole, clotrimazole

Scabies Causative agent: Sarcoptes

scabiei (mite)

Characteristics: Papules Treatment:

Gamma benzene hexachloride, Permethrin

Pediculosis (lice) Causative agent: Pediculus

humanus capitis

Characteristics: Itching Treatment: Topical

insecticide preparations

Neonatal gonorrheal opthalmia Neisseria gonorrheae Characteristics: Acute infection with much pus Treatment: Silver nitrate , tetracycline or erythromycin Causative agent:

Inclusion Conjunctivitis Causative agent: Chlamydia Characteristics:

Trachomatis Swelling of eyelid, mucus and pus

formation Treatment: Tetracycline

Trachoma Causative agent: Chlamydia

Trachomatis Characteristics: Conjunctivitis causes scarring Treatment: Tetracycline

Herpetic Keratitis Causative agent: Herpes

simplex type 1 virus Characteristics: May progress to corneal ulcer Treatment: Trifluridine

Acanthamoeba Keratitis Causative agent: Characteristics:

Acanthamoeba spp. Frequently results in severe eye

damage Treatment:

Propamidine, isothionate

Nervous

Bacterial Meningitis Causative agent: Haemophilus

influenzeae Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Listeria monocytogenes Symptom/s: Fever, headache, convulsions, stiff neck, Coma, nausea and vomiting

Tetanus Clostridium tetani Symptom/s: Lock jaw, opisthonos, difficulty in breathing, spasms of muscles Causative agent:

Botulism Clostridium botulinum Symptom/s: Flaccid paralysis, blurred vision, nausea Weakness, difficulty in swallowing Causative agent:

Leprosy Mycobacterium leprae Symptom/s: Severe pain, blindness, numbness, skin lesions Causative agent:

Poliomyelitis (polio) Polioviruses Symptom/s: Headache, sore throat, fever, nausea Causative agent:

Rabies Causative agent: Rabies

virus Symptom/s: Hydrophobia, fever, headache, photophobia, insomnia

Encephalitis Causative agent: Arbovirus Symptom/s: Chills,

fever, coma, tremors, headache

Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis (Cryptococcosis) Causative agent: Cryptococcus

neoformans

African Trypanosomiasis Causative agent: Trypanosoma

brucie gambiensei Trypanosoma brusei rhodesiensei Symptom/s: Red sore @ bitten site, headaches, fever

Naegleria Meningoencephalitis Causative agent: Naegleria

fowleri Symptom/s: Fever, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, confusion Loss of balance, seizures

Dental caries Causative agent: Streptococcus

mutans

Periodontal Disease Causative agent: Porphyromonas

spp.

Gingivitis Causative agent: Spirochetes,

Fusobacterium