Bridge Maintenance, Inspection And Repair

file : 186 pages, 5.25 mb download : www.artikel-software.com/blog chapter 1. introduction section i. general information purpose references ii. maintenance planning programming and economic considerations elements of the maintenance program iii. frequency of inspection military requirements factors of frequency iv. qualifications of inspection personnel army air force 2. bridge structures definition classification typical bridges box culverts military bridges 3. bridge elements i. substructure elements general abutments piers and bents ii. superstructures general decks floor systems main supporting members bracing iii. miscellaneous elements bearings pin and hanger supports expansion joints approaches railings, sidewalks, and curbs deck drains utilities lighting dolphins and fenders welds, bolts, and rivets 4. mechanics of bridges general bridge forces stress 5. bridge construction materials i. concrete general

physical and mechanical properties indication and classification of deterioration causes of deterioration assessment of concrete ii. structural steel physical and mechanical properties indicators and classification of deterioration causes of deterioration assessment of deterioration iii. timber physical and mechanical properties deterioration: indicators and causes assessment of deterioration iv. wrought and cast iron general physical and mechanical properties deterioration: indicators and causes v. stone masonry general physical and mechanical properties indicators of deterioration causes of deterioration vi. aluminum general deterioration: indicators and causes vii. foundation soils general types of movement effects on structures indicators of movement causes of foundation movements viii. waterways general types of movement and effects on waterways chapter 6. bridge redundancy and fracture critical members (fcms) i. general introduction fracture critical members redundancy criticality of fcms ii. examples two-girder system (or single-box girder) two-truss system cross girders and pier caps supports and suspended spans 7. inspection considerations i. tools and equipment basic concrete inspection steel inspection timber inspection cast iron, wrought iron, and aluminum inspection special equipment ii. safety general bridge site organization

personal protection special safety equipment climbing of high steel confined spaces iii. documentation of the bridge inspection general planning and documenting the inspection structure evaluation iv. inspection procedure general inspection sequence chapter 8. bridge component inspection section i. substructures general abutments retaining walls piers and bents pile bents dolphins and fenders ii. superstructures concrete beams and girders steel beams and girders pin and hanger connections floor systems diaphragms and cross frames trusses lateral bracing portals and sway frames tied arches metal bearings elastomeric bearings decks expansion joints railings, sidewalks, and curbs approaches bridge drainage iii. miscellaneous inspection items waterways paint signing utilities lighting iv. inspection of railroad bridges general railroad deck types track inspection deck inspection superstructure inspection substructure inspection recommended practices v. box culverts types of distress inspection 9. final documentation annual (army) and biannual (air force) inspection documentation triennial (army) and every third biannual (air force) bridge inspection documentation

10. general preventive maintenance, repair, and upgrade i. introduction general preventive maintenance replacement repair bridge upgrade ii. common maintenance tasks general cleaning deck drains ice and snow removal bank restoration traffic control items bearings and rollers debris and removal bridge joint systems scour protection iii. common repair tasks general abutment stability drift and floating ice scour settlement waterway section iv. common methods to upgrade existing bridges general shortened span lengths add stringers strengthen piers reduce deadload posttensioned bridge components strengthen individual members chapter 11. steel bridge maintenance, repair, and upgrade i. preventive maintenance for corrosion general structural steel ii. repair and strengthen general connections repair of structural members iii. member replacement tension members compression members/columns beams iv. upgrade steel bridges creation of a composite action posttensioning truss systems 12. timber bridge maintenance, repair, and upgrade i. preventive maintenance general fire protection ii. repair and strengthen timber members general connections

repair of graded lumber repair of piles repair of posts repair of sway bracing iii. member replacement replacement of tension timber components replacement of compression timber components replacement of flexural timber components (stringers) replacement of timber decking iv. timber bridge upgrade strengthen intermediate supports (piers) shorten span length posttensioning add stringers strengthen individual members 13. concrete bridge maintenance, repair, and upgrade i. preventive maintenance general surface coating joint maintenance cathodic protection ii. repair and strengthen general crack repairs spall repair joint repair abutments and wingwalls bridge seats columns and piles stringers and beams decks replacement of concrete members section iii. upgrade concrete bridges general upgrade methods strengthen individual members prestressed concrete members