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Presented by: Tim O’Brien Senior Systems Engineer Fujitsu Software Corporation

Block 1 .NET Technology Overview Fujitsu Software Corporation Customer Training Series

Fujitsu Computer Systems

Let us begin…

“A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.” -Six century B.C. Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Here we are… ■

Software development of is an industry beset with incompatibilities     

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Different Languages Different Operating Systems Different Hardware Platforms Incompatible APIs Shifting Architectural Focus

Changes were necessary  Microsoft’s vision: .NET

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Microsoft has a vision ■

Addresses development issues of the past with a view toward the future

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Embodied in Microsoft .NET

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New way of building applications that leverages industry standards

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Makes interoperability a reality

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Microsoft has a vision (Cont…) ■

.NET Framework  Platform for building and running .NET applications  Makes development significantly easier  Streamlines the development process  Eliminates the most common and debilitating bugs  Provides a common API for all languages

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Microsoft has a vision (Cont…) ■

Encompasses new trends in software development     

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Distributed computing Componentization Enterprise services Web integration of applications Language interoperability

Encompasses many standards – SOAP, WSDL, UDDI, HTTP, HTML, XML

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

About Programming Languages… ■

Microsoft .NET languages  C#  VB.NET  C++  J#

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Fujitsu .NET languages  COBOL  Fortran

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

About our new development world… ■

Visual Studio .NET is the common IDE for all .NET languages

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ADO.NET

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Windows Forms

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ASP.NET and Web Forms

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Web Services

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Smart Devices

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

About our new development world… (Cont…) ■

.NET is a new Applications Platform  Development Tools and framework  Specialized .NET Enterprise Servers such as  SQL Server  Biztalk Server  Commerce Server  Application Center Server  Host Integration Server  Internet Security Server  Acceleration Server

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Building Blocks

Visual Studio .NET

.NET Framework

NET Enterprise Servers

.NET Building Block Services

Operating System on Servers , Desktops, Notebooks and smart devices

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Putting together the puzzle…

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NetCOBOL for .NET

VB.NET

ADO.NET

C#

ASP.NET

C++

CLR

. NET Framework

CTS

Fujitsu Computer Systems

Components and Terms… ■

Common Language Specification (CLS)

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Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL)

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Metadata and Manifest

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Assemblies (Executables)

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Global Assembly Cache (GAC)

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Components and Terms… (Cont…) ■

Namespaces

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Just in Time (JIT) compilers and the Verifier

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Common Language Runtime (CLR)

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Managed vs. Unmanaged Code

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Platform Invocation Services

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Components and Terms… (Cont…) ■

Framework base classes

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Data and XML Classes

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Windows Forms

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Web Forms

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Web Services

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Common Language Specification (CLS) ■

Supports multiple language integration

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Specifies a set of common data types (CTS)

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Defines rules for external component accessibility

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

CLS (Cont…) ■

Takes full advantage of exceptions, inheritance, and polymorphism.

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Provides for automatic garbage collection

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All .NET compilers must adhere to the CLS and CTS

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) ■

Abstract intermediate language – a concept common to many COBOL compilers

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Similar to an Assembly Language with additional commands to handle objects

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All .NET Compilers must produce MSIL (sometimes called “IL”).

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

MSIL – COBOL Source ■

The following example shows a snippet of code from the MSIL produced by the NetCOBOL compiler for a HelloWorld example as shown:

IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. MAIN. ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. DATA DIVISION. WORKING-STORAGE SECTION. PROCEDURE DIVISION.

.method public hidebysig static int32 Procedure() cil managed { .entrypoint // Code size 234 (0xea) DISPLAY "HELLO .maxstack 8 WORLD". .locals init (int32 V_0, class [Fujitsu.COBOL]Fujitsu.COBOL.Runtime.ProgramControl.DisplayInfo[] V_1, END PROGRAM MAIN. class [Fujitsu.COBOL]Fujitsu.COBOL.Runtime.ProgramControl.DisplayInfo[] V_2, valuetype [Fujitsu.COBOL]Fujitsu.COBOL.COBOLData V_3) .try { .try { IL_0000: ldsfld int32 MAIN::__CompInitialInfo IL_0005: brtrue.s IL_0017 IL_0007: ldc.i4.0

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Metadata ■

.NET Executables contain metadata – detailed descriptions of data types and interfaces

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This includes descriptions of classes, methods, properties, fields, events, etc.

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Metadata allows executables to be truly selfcontained and self-describing

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Metadata (Cont…) ■

Metadata is kind of like a super type library

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The use of Metadata removes the requirement to use the Windows registry

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A vast improvement over COM

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Aids in language interoperability

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Manifest ■

.NET assemblies also contain a Manifest which describes everything about the assembly such as files belonging to that component  External references to other assemblies and classes  Permission requests  Anything else required for component usage

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ILDASM ■

ILDASM – Intermediate Language Disasembler is a utility that lets you view metadata.

It will also allow you to see MSIL… ■

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Application Domains ■

NET Assemblies execute within an Application Domain

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Similar to Windows Processes

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Multiple Application Domains may run within a single Windows Process

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Application Domains ■

Provides significant scalability

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Managed code assemblies running under CLR provides reliability

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Assemblies ■

.NET Executables are called “Assemblies”

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Assemblies contain a Manifest, Metadata and MSIL

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Assemblies may contain a single module or multiple modules

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Assemblies may be Static, Dynamic, Private or Public (Shared)

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Assemblies (Cont…) ■

Assemblies may be versioned allowing multiple versions of the same named assembly to be available on the same machine allowing side by side execution

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Shared Assemblies must be registered in the Global Assembly Cache (GAC) at installation time

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Assemblies (Cont…) ■

Shared Assemblies must be keyed

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Assemblies may have unique security and permissions set

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Namespaces ■

Provides a way to group classes logically

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Adds another level of scoping for classes

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Allows organization of classes

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Namespaces may be hierarchical using dots as separators

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Namespaces (Cont…) Name Space

Contents

System

Code data types and auxiliary classes

System.Collections

Hash tables, resizable arrays, and other containers

System.Net

Classes that wrap network protocols

System.IO

Classes for performing file and stream I/O

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Just in Time (JIT) Compilers ■

Translates MSIL into Machine Code

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The Verifier first checks type safety at runtime

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Multiple JIT’s available

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Native Code produced is cached by default

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Just in Time (JIT) Compilers (Cont…) ■

Typically, only portions of an application that are referenced are JIT’ed.

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JIT may thus be incremental throughout the life of an application

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.NET comes with Standard JIT, EconoJIT and PreJit

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Just in Time (JIT) Compilers (Cont…) ■

EconoJit targets small hardware platforms and does not cache code

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PreJit may be used to pre-compile applications to native code and cache such at installation time (invokes Standard JIT)

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Common Language Runtime (CLR) ■

Loads, manages and executes .NET executables (assemblies)

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Activates .NET objects, security checks them, lays them out in memory, executes them and garbage collects them

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Manages JIT of applications

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Managed vs. Unmanaged Code ■

Managed Code is any executable produced by a .NET Compiler

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Unmanaged Code is any executable code produced by a non-.NET compiler such as non-. NET versions for Fujitsu COBOL

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.NET Compilers may optionally produce unmanaged code

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Platform Invocation Services ■

.NET provides Platform Invocation Services to allow .NET applications (managed code) to call non-.NET applications and pass data to and from such

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.NET Platform Invocation services are known as “PInvoke”

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Framework Base Classes ■

Important building blocks for .NET applications

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Includes basic data types

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System is the root of the .NET base class Namespace

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Framework Base Classes (Cont…) ■

A large number of these classes are provided. They include:  system object  Collections  Data  I/O  Web and Web Forms  Windows Forms  Network  Win32

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Data and XML Classes ■

System.IO class provides basic file I/O streaming functionality

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System.Data class provides ADO.NET relational database functionality

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System.Data.OleDb allows for managed providers to be implemented

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Data and XML Classes (Cont…) ■

System.Data.SqlClient allows for managed providers using SQL to be implemented

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System.XML class provides significant XML functionality

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Windows Forms ■

Easy way to develop graphical user interface (GUI) Windows Applications

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Visual Studio .NET provides graphical forms painter for all integrated .NET languages, including Fujitsu NetCOBOL

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Code is automatically generated within the program source code being edited by the Forms painter

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Windows Forms (Cont…) ■

Developers may concentrate on writing event procedures for GUI applications, as opposed to being forced to write code to actually implement the GUI controls and related event handling

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.NET Framework provides System.WinForms class for Windows Forms

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Web Forms ■

Allows development of ASP.NET pages with graphical controls and event driven programming model

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Visual Studio .NET provides graphical web forms painter for all integrated .NET languages, including Fujitsu NetCOBOL

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Web Forms (Cont…) ■

ASP.NET pages containing program code to implement the desired controls are automatically generated by the Forms painter

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Developers may concentrate on writing event procedures for ASP.NET applications, as opposed to being forced to write code to actually implement the GUI controls and related event handling

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.NET Framework provides System.Web.UI class for Web Forms

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Web Services ■

Allows access to distributed application components via standard Web protocols such as HTTP and SMTP

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Makes use of SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

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Opens up a whole new world of Web based callable software service components

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Web Services (Cont…) ■

Uses WSDL (Web Services Description Language) to discover and interface to remote Web Service components

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Third Party Web Services already appearing such as Microsoft’s Passport

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.NET Framework provides System.Web.Services framework class

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Visual Studio .NET ■

Visual Studio .NET is the common Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for all enabled languages

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Provides a rich set of tools, including project management, edit, build and debug, forms painters, server explorer, etc.

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Fujitsu Computer Systems

Visual Studio .NET (Cont…) ■

Same editor and debugger are used across all enabled .NET languages

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Substantial integrated Help system documents the .NET framework and languages

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Questions

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