Biology Lab 1

Biology Lab 1 Introduction to laboratory

Basic Safety 

Smoking, eating and drinking are not permitted.

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No running, No jumping, or horseplay

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Laboratory coats and other protective clothing worn in the laboratory area are not to be worn outside the laboratory

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Gloves should be worn all times during the laboratory sessions especially when you handle any biological samples such as blood, infectious materials or chemicals or any other contaminated materials

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Shoes that fully cover the feet must be worn

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Safety glasses must be worn when there is a risk of splashes of harmful materials (blood…etc.)

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Food or drink is not allowed in refrigerators, freezers or containers designated for chemical, biohazards, or radioactive storage

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All biohazards, hazardous, must be properly labeled and stored. Use flammable and acid storage cabinets and explosion-proof refrigerators when required

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Wash hands during and after laboratory work.

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No mouth pipetting, use the pipette pump, bulbs supplied

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All accidents involving injury, however minor, must be reported

Laboratory Notebook All students are required to have a laboratory notebook. The notebook will be used to record the laboratory data, observations, calculations……

The lab report should be written in this format 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Title Objectives Methods Results Discussion Conclusion

Equipments used in the Laboratory

Microscope

How to carry a microscope  Place one hand under the base of the microscope and the other hand on the arm of the microscope  Most microscope damage is due to careless transport  It is important that you carry the microscope securely, securely with two hands, and in an upright position  Remember that you are handling an expensive instrument

Laboratory Centrifuge  A piece of laboratory equipment that is driven by a motor, motor which spins liquid samples at high speed  Two main sizes: sizes 1. Centrifuges (large): samples are contained in centrifuge tubes or centrifuge tips 2. Microcentrifuge or microfuge (small): samples are contained in microcentrifuge or microfuge tubes

Laboratory Centrifuges Work by the principle of sedimentation: the motion of molecules in solutions or particles in suspensions in response to an external force such as gravity, centrifugal force (an outward force associated with rotation) or electric force

Operation  Increasing the effective gravitational force cause the precipitate (pellet) to gather on the bottom of the tube  The remaining solution is called the supernate (supernatant): a liquid, which is decanted (pouring a solution from a container) from the tube without disturbing the precipitate, or withdrawn with a pipette

Operation The rate of centrifugation is specified by the accelartion applied to the sample, typically measured in revolutions per minute (RPM) (the number of full rotations completed in one minute around a fixed axis) or g (The g-force of an object is its accelaertion relative to free-fall (motion with accelartion other than that provided by gravity)

Pipette

Biosafety Cabinet

Fume Hood