Bio 201 Chapter 15 Lecture
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Chapter 15: The Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems Autonomic Autonomic
sensory neurons motor neurons
Two divisions: Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Anatomy of Autonomic Motor Pathways Preganglionic neuron Postganglionic neuron Two divisions: Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Cholinergic Neurons nCholinergic neurons → acetylcholine (ACh). nCholinergic neurons include3. All sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons. 4. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands. 5. All parasympathetic postganglionic neurons.
Cholinergic Receptors Cholinergic neurons release acetylcholine. Two
types: Nicotinic receptors Muscarinic receptors
Adrenergic Neurons and Receptors Release
norepinephrine (noradrenalin). Most sympathetic postganglionic neurons are adrenergic. Two types of receptors: Alpha receptorsBeta receptors-
Cholinergic and Adrenergic Neurons in the Autonomic Nervous System
Physiology of the ANS Autonomic
tone- a balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Regulated by the hypothalamus.
Sympathetic Responses Stress
↑ sympathetic system ↑ fightor-flight response. ↑ production of ATP. Dilation of the pupils. ↑ heart rate and blood pressure. Dilation of the airways. Constriction of blood vessels that supply the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract.
Sympathetic Responses continued.. ↑
blood supply to the skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle, liver and adipose tissue ↑ glycogenolysis ↑ blood glucose. ↑ lipolysis.
Parasympathetic Responses Rest-and-digest response. Conserve and restore body energy. ↑ digestive and urinary function. ↓ body functions that support
physical activity.
Integration and Control of Autonomic Functions Receptor Sensory neuron Integrating center Motor neuron Effector
Integration and Control of Autonomic Functions Direct
innervation- brain stem and spinal cord. Hypothalamus is the major control and integration center of the ANS. It receives input from the limbic system.
End of Chapter 15
Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems Autonomic Autonomic
sensory neurons motor neurons
Two divisions: Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems
Anatomy of Autonomic Motor Pathways Preganglionic neuron Postganglionic neuron Two divisions: Sympathetic Parasympathetic
Cholinergic Neurons nCholinergic neurons → acetylcholine (ACh). nCholinergic neurons include3. All sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons. 4. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands. 5. All parasympathetic postganglionic neurons.
Cholinergic Receptors Cholinergic neurons release acetylcholine. Two
types: Nicotinic receptors Muscarinic receptors
Adrenergic Neurons and Receptors Release
norepinephrine (noradrenalin). Most sympathetic postganglionic neurons are adrenergic. Two types of receptors: Alpha receptorsBeta receptors-
Cholinergic and Adrenergic Neurons in the Autonomic Nervous System
Physiology of the ANS Autonomic
tone- a balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Regulated by the hypothalamus.
Sympathetic Responses Stress
↑ sympathetic system ↑ fightor-flight response. ↑ production of ATP. Dilation of the pupils. ↑ heart rate and blood pressure. Dilation of the airways. Constriction of blood vessels that supply the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract.
Sympathetic Responses continued.. ↑
blood supply to the skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle, liver and adipose tissue ↑ glycogenolysis ↑ blood glucose. ↑ lipolysis.
Parasympathetic Responses Rest-and-digest response. Conserve and restore body energy. ↑ digestive and urinary function. ↓ body functions that support
physical activity.
Integration and Control of Autonomic Functions Receptor Sensory neuron Integrating center Motor neuron Effector
Integration and Control of Autonomic Functions Direct
innervation- brain stem and spinal cord. Hypothalamus is the major control and integration center of the ANS. It receives input from the limbic system.
End of Chapter 15
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