Bio 201 Chapter 14, Part 2 Lecture
This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. Report DMCA
Overview
Download & View Bio 201 Chapter 14, Part 2 Lecture as PDF for free.
More details
- Words: 656
- Pages: 31
Chapter 14: Part 2 The Brain and Cranial
The Cerebrum “seat of intelligence” Cerebral cortex- gray matter. Gyri Sulci Longitudinal fissure Cerebral hemispheres-
The Cerebrum
The Cerebrum
Lobes of the Cerebrum Four
lobes: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe. Central sulcus- separates the frontal and parietal lobes. Precentral gyrus- primary motor area. Postcentral gyrus- primary somatosensory area.
Cerebral white matter
Commissural tracts- Corpus callosum: Association tractsProjection tracts-
Basal Ganglia Three
nuclei deep within each cerebral hemisphere make up basal ganglia. They are globus pallidus, putamen, and caudate nucleus. Help initiate and terminate movements, suppress unwanted movements and regulate muscle tone.
Basal Ganglia
The Limbic System A
ring of structures on the inner border of the cerebrum and floor of the diencephalon. Includes cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, amygdala, mammillary bodies, thalamus, and the olfactory bulb. “emotional brain” as it governs emotional aspects of behavior. Also involved in olfaction and memory.
The Limbic System
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Sensory Areas Primary
somatosensory areapostcentral gyrus. Primary visual area- occipital lobe. Primary auditory area- temporal lobe. Primary gustatory area- base of the postcentral gyrus. Primary olfactory area- temporal lobe.
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Sensory Areas
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Motor Areas Primary motor area- precentral gyrus.
Broca’s speech area- left cerebral hemisphere.
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Association Areas Somatosensory
association areaposterior to primary somatosensory area. Visual association area- occipital lobe. Auditory association area- temporal lobe. Wernicke’s area- left temporal and parietal lobes. Prefrontal cortex- anterior portion of
Hemispheric Lateralization
Brain Waves Electroencephalogr am: Recording of the electrical activity within the brain. Alpha waves Beta waves Theta waves Delta waves
Cranial Nerves 12
pairs.
Sensory, Name
motor and mixed nerves.
as well as roman numeric numbers to identify the nerves.
Olfactory (I) Nerve
Sensory nerve. Sense of smell. Olfactory cells converge to become olfactory
Optic (II) Nerve Sensory nerve. Ganglion cells in the retina of each eye join to form an optic nerve. Nerve of vision.
Oculomotor (III) Nerve
Trochlear (IV) Nerve Motor cranial nerve. Smallest of the 12 cranial nerves. Origin: midbrain. Controls movement of the eyeball.
Trigeminal (V) nerve
Largest cranial nerve. Mixed nerve. Three branches: opthalmic, maxillary and mandibular. Deal with sensation of touch, pain and temperature. Motor axons supply muscles of mastication.
Abducens (VI) Nerve Motor cranial nerve. Originates from the pons. Cause abduction of the eyeball (lateral rotation).
Facial (VII) Nerve Mixed cranial nerve. Sensory portion extends from the taste buds of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Motor portion arises from the pons and deal with facial expression.
Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Nerve Sensory cranial nerve. Originates in the inner ear. Vestibular branch carries impulses for equilibrium. Cochlear branch carries impulses for
Glossopharyngeal (IX) Nerve Mixed cranial nerve. Sensory axons carry signals from the taste buds of the posterior onethird of the tongue. Motor neurons arise from the medulla and deal with the release of saliva.
Vagus (X) Nerve
Vagus (X) Nerve Mixed cranial nerve. Distributed from the
head and neck into the thorax and abdomen. Sensory neurons deal with a variety of sensations such as proprioception, and stretching. Motor neurons arise from the medulla and supply muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and soft palate that are involved in swallowing and vocalization.
Accessory (XI) Nerve Motor cranial nerve. Divided into cranial accessory and spinal accessory nerves. Supplies sternocleidomas toid and trapezius muscles to coordinate head movements.
Hypoglossal (XII) Nerve
Motor cranial nerve. Conduct nerve impulses for speech and swallowing.
End of Chapter 14, Part 2
The Cerebrum “seat of intelligence” Cerebral cortex- gray matter. Gyri Sulci Longitudinal fissure Cerebral hemispheres-
The Cerebrum
The Cerebrum
Lobes of the Cerebrum Four
lobes: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe. Central sulcus- separates the frontal and parietal lobes. Precentral gyrus- primary motor area. Postcentral gyrus- primary somatosensory area.
Cerebral white matter
Commissural tracts- Corpus callosum: Association tractsProjection tracts-
Basal Ganglia Three
nuclei deep within each cerebral hemisphere make up basal ganglia. They are globus pallidus, putamen, and caudate nucleus. Help initiate and terminate movements, suppress unwanted movements and regulate muscle tone.
Basal Ganglia
The Limbic System A
ring of structures on the inner border of the cerebrum and floor of the diencephalon. Includes cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, amygdala, mammillary bodies, thalamus, and the olfactory bulb. “emotional brain” as it governs emotional aspects of behavior. Also involved in olfaction and memory.
The Limbic System
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Sensory Areas Primary
somatosensory areapostcentral gyrus. Primary visual area- occipital lobe. Primary auditory area- temporal lobe. Primary gustatory area- base of the postcentral gyrus. Primary olfactory area- temporal lobe.
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Sensory Areas
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Motor Areas Primary motor area- precentral gyrus.
Broca’s speech area- left cerebral hemisphere.
Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex: Association Areas Somatosensory
association areaposterior to primary somatosensory area. Visual association area- occipital lobe. Auditory association area- temporal lobe. Wernicke’s area- left temporal and parietal lobes. Prefrontal cortex- anterior portion of
Hemispheric Lateralization
Brain Waves Electroencephalogr am: Recording of the electrical activity within the brain. Alpha waves Beta waves Theta waves Delta waves
Cranial Nerves 12
pairs.
Sensory, Name
motor and mixed nerves.
as well as roman numeric numbers to identify the nerves.
Olfactory (I) Nerve
Sensory nerve. Sense of smell. Olfactory cells converge to become olfactory
Optic (II) Nerve Sensory nerve. Ganglion cells in the retina of each eye join to form an optic nerve. Nerve of vision.
Oculomotor (III) Nerve
Trochlear (IV) Nerve Motor cranial nerve. Smallest of the 12 cranial nerves. Origin: midbrain. Controls movement of the eyeball.
Trigeminal (V) nerve
Largest cranial nerve. Mixed nerve. Three branches: opthalmic, maxillary and mandibular. Deal with sensation of touch, pain and temperature. Motor axons supply muscles of mastication.
Abducens (VI) Nerve Motor cranial nerve. Originates from the pons. Cause abduction of the eyeball (lateral rotation).
Facial (VII) Nerve Mixed cranial nerve. Sensory portion extends from the taste buds of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Motor portion arises from the pons and deal with facial expression.
Vestibulocochlear (VIII) Nerve Sensory cranial nerve. Originates in the inner ear. Vestibular branch carries impulses for equilibrium. Cochlear branch carries impulses for
Glossopharyngeal (IX) Nerve Mixed cranial nerve. Sensory axons carry signals from the taste buds of the posterior onethird of the tongue. Motor neurons arise from the medulla and deal with the release of saliva.
Vagus (X) Nerve
Vagus (X) Nerve Mixed cranial nerve. Distributed from the
head and neck into the thorax and abdomen. Sensory neurons deal with a variety of sensations such as proprioception, and stretching. Motor neurons arise from the medulla and supply muscles of the pharynx, larynx, and soft palate that are involved in swallowing and vocalization.
Accessory (XI) Nerve Motor cranial nerve. Divided into cranial accessory and spinal accessory nerves. Supplies sternocleidomas toid and trapezius muscles to coordinate head movements.
Hypoglossal (XII) Nerve
Motor cranial nerve. Conduct nerve impulses for speech and swallowing.
End of Chapter 14, Part 2
Related Documents
Bio 201 Chapter 14, Part 2 Lecture
April 2020 3
Bio 201 Chapter 14 Lecture
April 2020 2
Bio 201 Chapter 10, Part 2 Lecture
April 2020 3
Bio 201 Chapter 12, Part 1 Lecture
April 2020 1
Bio 201 Chapter 10, Part 1 Lecture
April 2020 2
Bio 201 Chapter 11 Lecture
April 2020 3More Documents from "DrPearcy"
Bio 201 Chapter 11 Lecture
April 2020 3
Bio 201 Chapter 10, Part 2 Lecture
April 2020 3
Bio 156 Chapter 24 Power Point Pp07
November 2019 5
Bio 201 Chapter 13 Lecture
April 2020 9
Bio 201 Chapter 14, Part 2 Lecture
April 2020 3