Balayan Marine Protected Areas

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Marine Protected Areas in Balayan, Batangas, Philippines Marine Protected Areas are essential part of an effective fishery resources management. The simple reason is that through MPA's fish stocks are ensured as well as fish species. In the entire archipelago, municipal water productivity in terms of marine resources is declining due to many factors and too much extraction seems to be the number one cause. Over fishing is relatively reduced to its full extent on fishing grounds declared as protected or arbitrarily managed such as in the case of fish reserves. However establishing a MPA does not necessarily protecting fishes alone. Habitats are also vital part of municipal water productivity. Habitats include corals, seagrass, mangroves and other wetland types. In Balayan, Batangas, fishers especially those small municipal folks who were greatly affected economically by the declining productivity of the municipal waters, by process and together with ANAKBALAYAN, have taken moves to conserve the remaining resources. Such actions include actual survey of areas hand-in-hand with agencies, institutions and friend individuals in determining remaining resources to be conserve as well as building reliable data as important references. Since 1996 up to the early 2008, these endeavors were continuously taken into. From 1996-to early 1999, Horneman, Enderez, et al works on establishing baseline data and fish stock monitoring. In 2000- up to early part of 2002, Stoute, developed Fish Stock Assessment Form made in the early years as well as the creation of a MERF module applied thereof upon completion. Baseline data are not sufficient enough to start altering/reversing municipal waters productivity trends. The federation and fishers saw the importance of putting those dreams into reality hence significant events took place in preparing for the establishment of an MPA in the municipality. Though there were actual surveys through skip diving made by Horneman and Stoute in the past years, the federation seek the assistance of friend individuals, institutions [2002, Morales, Sarne et al] and agencies [2003, BFAR Central Office and Region IV] to conduct surveys at potential sites for MPA. The endeavor is coupled with community consultations, PFGD’s, and LGU coordination activities. Below are accounts of the activities previously cited before the declaration of the first marine Protected areas in the municipality of Balayan, Batangas, Philippines. Corals Survey conducted by the Center for Empowerment and Resource Dev’t, Inc. (CERD) in 1997 (Horneman, Enderez, et al) revealed a tidal reef flat area of 2 kilometers long and 150 meters wide constituting about 69.81 hectares of the municipal waters in Barangays Carenahan to Baclaran and another 1.75 kilometers long and 200 meters wide at Barangay Palikpikan of about 35 hectares. Live coral covers of the municipality is located in the coastal areas of Barangay Carenahan with approximate area of 1.5 km. long and 150 meters wide from depth of 5 ft. to 10 ft. Dominant type of corals were branching and massive concentrated in the deeper portion about 10 ft. deep and of areas along Barangay Palikpikan at depth of 15 to 20 ft. However, corals at this area at depth of about 15 ft and below are remnants of blasting activities though patches of new growth are noticeable and untouched portions at depth of 20 ft. above. Patches of live corals were also noticed during the Rapid Resource Assessment conducted in Barangay San Piro in 2000 (Stoute) specifically at the area in line with the boundary of Barangay San Piro and Palikpikan and in boundary of Palikpikan and Talibayug, Calatagan, all of which were located in about 15 meters away from shorelines and depth of about 10 ft. and above. However conditions of said corals were poor to fair at that time. In determining the state of the resources, Rapid Resource Assessments, through the request of ANAKBALAYAN were conducted by a composite team of friend NGO personnel (Morales, Sarne, et al) April 4-7, 2002 and technical personnel of BFAR Central Office and BFAR Region IV in March 7-15, 2003 in Barangay Carenahan. At that time, the assessment result showed arbitrary classified as in good condition of reefs in the area based on percent live cover. Same RRA was done in July 5-11, 2004 at Barangay Palikpikan showing small shoal area with fair coral condition classification at 27.66% live coral cover. However due to observed existence of fish species with high market value, the result recommends the area for potential municipal fish reserve. Adjacent patches of live corals which are actually new growth were also observed from remnants rocks of blasting or cyanide-used fishing activity

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located at about the boundary of the barangay and Talibayug, Calatagan. In addition, a requested ocular survey of Artificial Reef of San Piro and Sangkaban Coral Reef to NPC-BCFTPP divers and friend divers was Survey made by BFAR Composite Team in 2003 showed total live coral cover of the whole reef area is about 59.75%; Non-Acropora corals were dominant in the area composed of massive, branching, submassive, and encrusting corals at 39.19%; while abiotic components is the second highest comprising 21.91% of the transects. Acropora coral cover showed a higher percentage live coral cover of 20.56%. Dead coral cover has lower percentage of 17.00%; a sign indicating good coral condition. Other organisms like soft corals, sponges, and crinoids shared a low percentage of the transect at 1.33%. Seagrass BFAR-CRM Team observed a patchy growth of seagrass in the shallow portion of the coastal area of Barangay Carenahan during the conduct of RRA. Locally known as gulaman [1] . Strap-shape seagrasses [probably of thalassia, cymondocea and enhalus spp.] and Cylindica [probably of syringodium spp.] were found in Barangays Palikpikan, San Piro, and Navotas. Lato [2 ] were also present in the barangays of Carenahan, 8, 9 and portions of 10 (3). Seaweeds farms were established in Barangay Palikpikan (2002), San Piro (2003) and Gimalas (2003) with species . Due to high cost of maintaining such farms and the diseases the specie had suffered during wet season, Barangay San Piro and Gimalas ceased to continue their farms. Even the POs in Barangay Palikpikan in 2004 transferred the farm to the municipality thus the establishment municipal seaweeds nursery in the area but was transferred to Barangay Districgt #10 up to the present.

Fish and Other Aquatic Life Dominant fish species in the Fish Sanctuary and Fish Reserves area are Surgeon fishes, Parrot fishes, Snappers, Damsel fishes and Butterfly fishes. During the Rapid Resource Assessment (RRA) conducted in Barangay Carenahan Reef flat (March 7-12, 2003) and Reef slope (Fish Sanctuary Monitoring Survey, July 5-11, 2004) areas the following fish species (Table A) were observed in 150 meters transect. The same species were also observed in the 50 meters transect made in Barangay Palikpikan during the same RRA conducted in July 5-11, 2004.

Table 1 .

Table 2.

Sampling [BFAR Composite Team] Sampling Station

% of Live Corals

1

65.66

2

50.68

3

62.92

Scheme in Determining Reef Conditions Classification

% of Live Corals

Excellent

75-100%

Good

50-74.99%

Fair

25-49.99%

Poor

0-24.99%

Ang Nagkakaisang Mamamayang Kostal ng Balayan, Inc.

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Table A. Fish Species in Carenahan Fish Sanctuary and Barangay Palikpikan Reef flats and Reef Slopes. Family Specie Local/English Name Apogun spp. Dangat APOGONIDAE Apogun aureus A. cyanosoma Cheilodipterus quinquelineata C. macrodon

ACANTHURIDAE

BLENNIDAE BALISTIDAE

Acanthurus spp. A. uranticavus Zebrasoma scopas Ctenochaetus binotatus Aspidontus Taeniatus Meiacanthus Grammistes Balistapus Undulatus

CAESIONIDAE

CARANGIDAE CHAETODONTIDAE

CIRRHITIDAE GERREIDAE GRAMMISTIDAE HAEMULIDAE HOLOCENTRIDAE LABRIDAE

LITHRINIDAE

Pterocaesio pisang Caesio spp. Caesio pisang Caesio cuniing Caranx spp. Selaroides Leptolepsis Chaetodon spp. C. Baronessa C. trifascialis Trifasciatus octofasciatus C. lunula C. rafflesi Heniochus varius H. acuminatus Chelmon rostratus Cirrhitichthys falco Geres oyena Diplorion Bifasciatus Plectorhyndus chaetodontoides Myripristis spp. Abudefduf Sexfasciatus Thalassoma lunare hardwicki Labroides Dimidiatus bicolor L. pectoralis Bodiamus Mesothorax Chromis xanthurus variegata Choerodon anchorago Gomphosus varius Cheilinus spp. Halichoeres chrysus scapularis Hemigymnus melapterus Lithrinus

LUTJANIDAE

spp.

Lutjanus Decussatus L. fulvus L. spp.

NEMIPTERIDAE

Scolopsis ciliatus bilineatus lineatus S. spp.

Cardinal Fishes Cardinal fish Yellow-striped Cardinal fish Tiger Cardinal fish Labahita Surgeon Fishes Orange-socket Brushtail tang Surgeon fishes Mimic Blennies Striped fangbelly Papakol Oranged-lined Trigger fishes Dalagang Bukid Fusiliers

Red-bellied Talakitok Jacks Smooth-tailed trevally Paru-paru Butterfly fishes Triangular Redfin Racoon Latticed Longfin bannerfish Beaked coralfish Hawkfishes Oceanic silver Biddy Barred Soapfishes Labi-an Many-spotted sweetlips Soldierfish Mameng Wrasses Moon wrasse Sixbar wrass Bluestreak cleaner Twostreak cleaner Breast-spot cleaner Splitlevel hogfish Anchor Tuskfish Bird Wrasse Wrasse Golden wrasse Zigzag wrasse Blackeye Thicklip Kanuping Emperor Maya-maya Checkered seaperch Yellow-margined Snappers Tagisang lawin Threadfin breams Two-lined monocle Lined monocle Breamfish

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MULLIDAE

Saramuliete Goatfishes Dash-dot goatfish Freckled goatfish Puta-puta Damsel fishes Anemone fish Three-spot Dascyllus Alexanders damsel Ambon damsel Richardson reef

Parupeneus multifasciatus Barberinus spp. Upeneus tragula

POMACENTRIDAE

POMACANTHIDAE SCARIDAE

Amphiprion clarkii A. spp. Dascyllus trimaculatus D. reticulatus Pormacentrus coelestis brachialis alexanderae amboinensis P. richardsoni Chromis retrofasciatus Viridis margaritifer C. spp. Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster A. caracao Neoglyphidodon melas Dischistodus Melanotus Neopomacentras acysron Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus Pygoplites Diacanthus Centropyge vrolicki

Blue-green chromis Bi-color chromis Staghorn damsel Black damsel Black-vent damsel Yellow-tail damsel Angel fishes Molmol Egghead parrots Yellow barred Bleekers parrots Yellowfin parrots Parrot fishes Lapu-lapu, Pagapo Brown-barred rockcod Groupers Groupers Blacktipped cod Scalefin anthias Samaral Foxface Rabbit fishes Butete Puffer fishes Moorish Idol fishes

Scarus oviceps dimidiatus bleekeri flavipectoralis Scarus spp.

SERRANIDAE

Cephalopholis pachycentron Anthias mortoni Epinephelus spp. E. fasciatus Pseudonthis squarnipinmis

SIGANIDAE TETRAODONTIDAE

Siganus vulpinus Siganus spp. Arothron nigropunctatus

ZANCLIDAE

Zanclus cornutus

Table 1. Surveyed Benthic Lifeforms in Barangay Carenahan Reef Name : Eastern part of Carenahan Reef Sample Id : REEF 01 Site Description : Reef flat Date Sampled : 03/07/03 Collectors : BFAR-CRM Team Transect Length Sampled: 5000 cm. Remarks : Transect Depth : 4.00 m. Benthic Life Form HARD CORALS Acropora Branching Tabulate Encrusting Submassive Non-Acropora Branching Massive Encrusting Submassive Foliose Mushroom Millepora Heliopora Dead SCLERACTINIA Dead Coral W/ Algal Covering

Code NBR.

NBR of OCCURRENCES

PERCENT COVER

CATEGORY TOTALS

ACB ACT ACE ACS

16 7 0 0

16.72 9.78 0.00 0.00

26.50 %

CB CM CE CS CF CMR CME CHL

8 15 3 8 6 0 2 0

6.30 18.42 2.70 6.24 3.90 0.00 1.60 0.00

39.16 %

DC DCA

10 6

8.40 6.50

14.90 %

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ANAKBALAYAN “make this world a better place to live in… help us improve and conserve our coastal resources and environment!” ALGAE Macro Turf Coralline Halimeda Algal Assemblage OTHER FAUNA Soft Corals Sponge Zoanthids Others ABIOTIC Sand Rubble Silt Water Rock TOTAL

MA TA CA HA AA

0 0 0 0 0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 %

SC SP ZO OT

0 0 0 0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 %

S R SI WA RCK

13 0 0 0 0 94

19.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

19.44% 100 %

Fig. Surveyed Benthic Life Forms in Barangay Carenahan Reef Flat 45 Acropora

40 35

Non-Acropora

Percentage

30 Dead coral

25 20

Algae

15 Other Fauna

10 5

Abiotic

0 Category

Reef Name : Middle part of Carenahan Reef Site Description : Reef flat Collectors : BFAR-CRM Team Remarks :

Sample Id : REEF 02 Date Sampled: 03/07/03 Transect Length Sampled : 5000 cm. Transect Depth : 3.02 m.

Benthic Life Form

Code NBR.

NBR of OCCURRENCES

PERCENT COVER

CATEGORY TOTALS

HARD CORALS Acropora Branching Tabulate Encrusting Submassive

ACB ACT ACE ACS

15 4 0 2

11.34 5.36 0 0.84

17.54 %

Non-Acropora Branching Massive Encrusting Submassive Foliose Mushroom Millepora Heliopora

CB CM CE CS CF CMR CME CHL

3 16 5 8 7 1 0 0

3.90 12.14 4.50 6.80 5.40 0.40 0.00 0.00

33.14 %

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DC DCA

10 5

10.60 4.90

15.50 %

MA TA CA HA AA

0 0 0 0 0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 %

OTHER FAUNA Soft Corals Sponge Zoanthids Others

SC SP ZO OT

2 1 0 0

1.00 0.40 0.00 0.00

1.40 %

ABIOTIC Sand Rubble Silt Water Rock

S R SI WA RCK

15 0 0 3 0

27.32 0 0 5.10 0

32.42%

ALGAE Macro Turf Coralline Halimeda Algal Assemblage

TOTAL

97

100 %

Reef Name : Western part of Carenahan Reef Site Description : Reef flat Collectors : BFAR-CRM Team Remarks : Benthic Life Form Code NBR. NBR of OCCURRENCES

Sample Id: REEF 03 Date Sampled : 03/07/03 Transect Length Sampled: 5000 cm. Transect Depth : 3.01 m. PERCENT COVER CATEGORY TOTALS

HARD CORALS Acropora Branching Tabulate Encrusting Submassive

ACB ACT ACE ACS

14 2 0 0

14.50 3.14 0.00 0.00

17.64 %

Non-Acropora Branching Massive Encrusting Submassive Foliose Mushroom Millepora Heliopora

CB CM CE CS CF CMR CME CHL

10 15 3 13 3 3 1 0

10.50 14.98 1.82 13.98 1.14 1.20 1.66 0.00

45.28 %

DC DCA

20 3

18.00 2.60

20.60 %

MA TA CA HA AA

0 0 0 0 0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 %

SC SP ZO OT

1 1 0 1

1.00 0.40 0.00 1.20

2.60 %

Dead SCLERACTINIA Dead Coral W/ Algal Covering ALGAE Macro Turf Coralline Halimeda Algal Assemblage OTHER FAUNA Soft Corals Sponge Zoanthids Others

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S R SI WA RCK

9 0 0 1 0

TOTAL

11.98 0.00 0.00 1.90 0.00

100

Reef Name: Carenahan Reef, Balayan, Batangas Site Description : Reef flat Collectors : BFAR-CRM Team Remarks :

13.88 % 100 %

Sample Id: REEF Date Sampled: 03/07/03 Transect Length Sampled: 15000 cm. Transect Depth : 3.02 m.

Benthic Life Form

Code NBR.

NBR of OCCURRENCES

PERCENT COVER

CATEGORY TOTALS

HARD CORALS Acropora Branching Tabulate Encrusting Submassive

ACB ACT ACE ACS

45 13 0 2

14.19 6.09 0.00 0.28

20.56 %

Non-Acropora Branching Massive Encrusting Submassive Foliose Mushroom Millepora Heliopora

CB CM CE CS CF CMR CME CHL

21 45 10 29 16 4 3 0

6.90 15.18 3.01 9.01 3.48 0.53 1.09 0.00

39.19 %

DC DCA

40 14

12.33 4.67

Dead SCLERACTINIA Dead Coral W/ Algal Covering

17.00 %

ALGAE OTHER FAUNA Soft Corals Sponge Zoanthids Others

SC SP ZO OT

3 2 0 1

0.67 0.27 0.00 0.40

1.33 %

ABIOTIC Sand Rubble Silt Water Rock

S R SI WA RCK

37 0 0 4 0

19.58 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00

21.91%

TOTAL

0.00 %

94

100 %

After a year that the area was declared as sanctuary and reserve, another survey took place on July 6, 2004 by the same composite team. The table below show the relative data gathered during the activity. Fish species observed during this survey is the same as the species observed during the 2003 survey as indicated in Table A.

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Table 2.

Benthic Lifeforms in Barangay Carenahan Fish Sanctuary Reef Slope

Reef Name : Carenahan Fish Sanctuary, Balayan, Batangas Sample Id : FS Site Description : Reef slope Date Sampled : 07/06/04 Collectors : BFAR-CRM CO & Region IV Transect Length Sampled: 5000 cm. Remarks : Transect Depth : 5.00 m. Benthic Life Form HARD CORALS Acropora Branching Tabulate Encrusting Submassive Non-Acropora Branching Massive Encrusting Submassive Foliose Mushroom Millepora Heliopora Dead SCLERACTINIA Dead Coral W/ Algal Covering ALGAE Macro Turf Coralline Halimeda Algal Assemblage OTHER FAUNA Soft Corals Sponge Zoanthids Others ABIOTIC Sand Rubble Silt Water Rock TOTAL

Code NBR.

NBR of OCCURRENCES

PERCENT COVER

ACB ACT ACE ACS

7 3 0 0

8.26 6.00 0.00 0.00

CATEGORY TOTALS

14.26 % CB CM CE CS CF CMR CME CHL

0 20 10 4 8 0 0 0

0.00 17.54 7.12 1.60 5.32 0.00 0.00 0.00

DC DCA

4 6

3.40 3.00

31.58 %

6.40 % MA TA CA HA AA

0 0 0 0 0

0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 %

SC SP ZO OT

4 1 0 3

1.24 0.80 0.00 1.20

3.24 %

S R SI WA RCK

22 0 2 0 0 94

42.82 0.00 1.70 0.00 0.00

44.52% 100 %

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Fig. Surveyed Benthic Life forms in Carenahan Fish Sanctuary Reef Slope 50

45

Acropora

Percentage

40

Non-Acropora

35

30

Dead coral 25

20

Algae

15

Other Fauna

10

5

Abiotic 0

Category

Technical Description of Fish Sanctuary and Fish Reserves in Barangay Carenahan.

Total area covered Technical points PT. 1= PT. 2= PT. 3= PT. 4= PT. 5= PT. 6= PT. 7=

Fish Sanctuary 37,361.106 sq. m, 13 deg 55'53.8"N, 13 deg 55'49.7"N, 13 deg 55'51.8"N, 13 deg 55'49.1"N, 13 deg 55'51.3"N, 13 deg 55'48.4"N, 13 deg 55'48.7"N,

120 deg 45'19.9"E 120 deg 45'29.9"E 120 deg 45'26.7"E 120 deg 45'25.6"E 120 deg 45'28.7"E 120 deg 45'28.5"E 120 deg 45'33.1"E

Fish Reserve 28,370.372 sq.m. 13 deg 55'40"N, 13 deg 54'40"N, 13 deg 52'50"N, 13 deg 53'50"N, 13 deg 54'05"N, 13 deg 54'30"N,

Ang Nagkakaisang Mamamayang Kostal ng Balayan, Inc.

120 deg 46'22"E 120 deg 46'02"E 120 deg 45'46"E 120 deg 44'14"E 120 deg 42'48"E 120 deg 41'50"E

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Table 3 .

Surveyed Benthic Lifeforms in Barangay Palikpikan

Reef Name: Palikpikan, Balayan, Batangas Site Description : Reef slope Collectors : BFAR-CRM CO & Region IV Remarks :

Sample Id: PALIKPIK Date Sampled : 07/06/04 Transect Length Sampled: 5000 cm. Transect Depth : 5.00 m.

Benthic Life Form HARD CORALS Acropora Branching Tabulate Encrusting Submassive Non-Acropora

Code NBR.

NBR of OCCURRENCES

PERCENT COVER

ACB ACT ACE ACS

1 0 0 0

1.20 0.00 0.00 0.00

CB CM CE CS CF CMR CME CHL

3 14 7 1 4 3 0 0

1.08 15.40 5.32 0.46 2.94 1.26 0.00 0.00

1.20 %

Branching Massive Encrusting Submassive Foliose Mushroom Millepora Heliopora Dead SCLERACTINIA

26.46 % DC DCA

3 12

12.60 10.08

Dead Coral W/ Algal Covering ALGAE

22.68 % MA TA CA HA AA

Macro Turf

0 0 5 0 0

0.00 0.00 3.58 0.00 0.00

Coralline Halimeda Algal Assemblage OTHER FAUNA

3.58 % SC SP ZO OT

Soft Corals Sponge Zoanthids Others ABIOTIC

5 1 0 2

12.00 1.36 0.00 0.60 13.96 %

Sand Rubble Silt Water Rock TOTAL

CATEGORY TOTALS

S R SI WA RCK

5 10 1 0 0 94

4.00 27.66 9.46 0.00 0.00 32.12% 100 %

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Fig. Surveyed Benthic Life Forms in Barangay Palikpikan Reef Slope 35 Acropora

Percentage

30

Non-Acropora

25

20

Dead coral

15 Algae

10 Other Fauna

5 Abiotic

0 1 Category

Technical Description of Sangkaban Fish Reserve

Total Area = 22,861 sq.m. Technical Points : Pt1= 13 deg 54’29.50”N Pt2= 13 deg 54’29.00”N Pt3= 13 deg 54’28.70”N Pt4= 13 deg 54’19.00”N Pt5= 13 deg 54’18.00”N

120 deg 42’13.00”E 120 deg 42’12.60”E 120 deg 42’14.50”E 120 deg 42’13.30”E 120 deg 42’10.40”E

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Marine Protected Areas Legal Basis: Existing protected areas are declared under municipal and barangay ordinances in conformity with the national laws in the municipality of Balayan. These includes Carenahan Fish Sanctuary and Fish Reserves both by a Municipal and Barangay Declaration, Rehabilitation (Payao) areas in Barangays 9, 8, San Juan and Navotas, and Rehabilitation (Artificial reefs) projects in Barangays Palikpikan, San Piro, 10 and Carenahan by virtue of respective barangay ordinances. Mangroves, swamps and marshes, tidal flats, rivers and creeks under existing national environmental laws. Barangay Carenahan Fish Sanctuary is one of the marine protected areas (MPA) in the municipality of Balayan, Batangas, Philippines and Balayan Bay. It was declared on July 7, 2003 by the local government unit of Barangay Carenahan by virtue of Barangay Ordinance No. 001, Series of 2003 and the municipality of Balayan, Batangas by virtue of Municipal Ordinance No. 594 (2003-14), series of 2003 on August 3, 2003 altogether with the adjacent Fish Reserve Area. Sangkaban Area is declared by Barangay Palikpikan as Sangkaban Fish Reserve by virtue of Barangay Ordinance No. 001, Series of 2008 on March 1, 2008.

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