Department of Anatomy Wuhan University School of Medicine
Blood Vessels Artery Capillary Vein Instructor ： Zongwen Tian( 田 )
Arteries
What is the artery? Artery is the vessels
that carry blood away from the ventricles to the capillaries. Arteries of pulmonary circulation Arteries of systemic circulation Arteries of pulmonary circulation carry oxygen-poor blood to the lung , colored as blue. Arteries of systemic circulation supply oxygenated and nutrient-rich blood to tissues, colored as red.
Arteries of pulmonary circulation
pulmonary trunk left and right pulmonary arteries lobar arteries
Arterial ligament
It is a fibrous band and lies between the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk and the inferior surface of the aortic arch. It is the remnant of the arterial duct .
Arterial duct
After birth, the arterial duct is gradually obliterated and transformed into the arterial ligament
Patent ductus arteriosus Leading to
High pulmonary artery pressure
Arteries of Systemic Circulation Aorta
It arises from the left ventricle
Ascending aorta Atria Aortic arch Thoracic aorta Abdominal aorta
Aorta Pulmonary A.
1.Ascending aorta It originates from the left ventricle behind the pulmonary trunk, ascends obliquely and become the aortic arch The right and left coronary arteries----Heart
Ventricles
2.Aortic arch
It is the continuation of the ascending aorta , then arches from right and anterior toward left and posterior, reaches to the left side of the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra where it becomes the thoracic aorta. Right common carotid artery Brachiocephalic trunk Left common carotid a. Right subclavian artery Left subclavian arteries
head and upper limbs •Nerve terminal --the pressure receptor
reflectively regulating the blood pressure
•Aortic glomera-- the chemical receptor monitoring the levels of CO2 in the aortic flow.
aorta Continuation of the aortic arch, the thoracic aorta descends along the 3.Thoracic
anterior surface of the vertebral column.
Numerous branches -- the thoracic wall and organs
4.Abdominal aorta Many branches--the abdominal wall and organs Right and left common iliac arteries
Internal iliac artery --Pelvis External iliac artery-- lower limbs
Aorta Ascending aorta
Right and left Coronary A.
Heart
R. common carotid A. Right subclavian A.
Aortic Brachiocephalic trunk Left common carotid A. arch
Upper limbs
Left subclavian A.
Thoracic aorta Abdominal aorta
Right and left common iliac A.
Head Neck
Thorax Abdomen
Internal iliac A.
Pelvis
External iliac A.
lower limbs
Arteries of the neck and head Common carotid arteries Branches from subclavian artery 1.Common carotid arteries
They are the main source of the blood supply for the neck and head ● External carotid artery ● Internal carotid artery Carotid sinus --Pressure receptor Carotid body --Chemical receptor
(1)External carotid arteries ● Superior thyroid artery thyroid gland and larynx ● Lingual artery
tongue
Arteries of the neck and head Common carotid arteries Branches from subclavian artery 1.Common carotid arteries
They are the main source of the blood supply for the neck and head ● External carotid artery ● Internal carotid artery Carotid sinus --Pressure receptor Carotid body --Chemical receptor
(1)External carotid arteries ● Superior thyroid artery thyroid gland and larynx ● Lingual artery
tongue
● Facial artery the skin and muscles in the anterior face
● Occipital artery the scalp in the occipital area Near the temporomandibular joint, the external carotid artery splits into two terminal branches ● Superficial temporal artery temporal region ● Maxillary artery
infratemporal fossa
Middle meningeal artery
● Facial artery
Pterion
the skin and muscles in the anterior face
● Occipital artery the scalp in the occipital area Near the temporomandibular joint, the external carotid artery splits into two terminal branches middle meningeal artery
● Superficial temporal artery
temporal region
● Maxillary artery
infratemporal fossa
middle meningeal artery meninges hit Intracranial hematoma
(2)Internal carotid arteries Pass through the carotid canal into the skull; supply the brain and the eyes; have no branches in the neck
2.Subclavian artery cupula of pleura
scalene fissure
(1)Vertebral artery supply the brain and the spinal cord
(2) Thyrocervical trunk Inferior thyroid artery the thyroid gland
foramen magnum
Arteries of the upper limb Supply the large part of the upper limb
Chief branches:
circumflex scapular artery
(1)Thoracoacromial artery the pectoral and deltoid muscles
(2)Lateral thoracic artery
Lateral thoracic artery
1.Axillary artery
Thoracoacromial A.
the pectoral muscles, the serratus anterior and the breast
(3)Subscapular artery circumflex scapular artery thoracodorsal artery
thoracodorsal artery
subscapularis and latissimus dorsi
(4)Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Subscapular artery
(3)Subscapular artery circumflex scapular artery thoracodorsal artery
dorsal scapular region
(4)Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries Wrap the surgical neck of the humerus to supply the shoulder joint and the adjacent muscles. Anterior circumflex humeral a.
circumflex scapular artery
posterior circumflex humeral a.
2.Brachial artery sends branches to the flexor muscles of the arm and to the elbow joint the triceps brachii Beep brachial artery A fracture of the humerus trunk easily injure the artery and the nerve
3.Radial and Ulnar arteries •The radial artery palpate its pulse, branches to the muscles of the lateral part of the forearm
•The ulnar artery branches to muscles of the medial part of the forearm A major branch : the common interosseous artery Supply the flexor and extensor muscles of the forearm
Superficial palmar arch the terminal part of the ulnar artery anastomosis the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery
Deep palmar arch
common palmar digital a.
the deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery anastomosis the terminal part of the radial artery
palmar metacarpal a.
principal thumb
a.
4.Palmar arches
Arteries of thorax 1.Arteries of thoracic wall (1)Internal thoracic artery Musculophrenic artery Superior epigastric artery
diaphragm abdominal wall
anterior intercostal branches anastomose with intercostal a.
(2)Posterior intercostal arteries (nine pairs) Subcostal arteries (one pair)
esophageal arteries
2.Arteries of thoracic viscera
bronchial arteries
Arteries of abdomen 1.Parietal branches of the abdominal aorta
Inferior phrenic arteries supply the inferior surface of the diaphragm •Superior suprarenal arteries to the suprarenal glands
Lumbar arteries (Four pairs ) Median sacral artery supplies the sacrum and coccyx.
2.Visceral branches of abdominal aorta (1)The paired branches of the abdominal aorta
Middle suprarenal artery supply the suprarenal glands
Renal artery •inferior suprarenal arteries to the suprarenal gland
Testicular/Ovarian arteries through the inguinal canal to the scrotum Or serve the ovaries
(2)The unpaired visceral branches
Celiac trunk Superior mesenteric artery Inferior mesenteric artery
These vessels supply the unpaired abdominal organs
Celiac trunk
1) Left gastric A. 2)Splenic artery Short gastric a. Left gastroepiploic a.
the lower part of the esophagus the lesser curvature spleen pancreas the fundus of stomach the greater curvature
3)Common hepatic artery Proper hepatic A.
right and left branches cystic a. right gastric a.
Gastroduodenal A. superior pancreaticoduodenal a. right gastroepiploic a. pancreas duodenum greater curvature greater omentum
liver gallbladder lesser curvature
Superior mesenteric artery Jejunum ileum
Right colic A.
the upper part of the ascending colon
Middle colic A. the transverse colon
ileal A.
Ileocolic A.
the terminal part of the ileum cecum appendix(appendicular artery) the lower part of the ascending colon
Jejunal artery
Jejunal artery and ileal A.
Inferior mesenteric artery Left colic artery
the last part of the transverse colon descending colon
Sigmoid artery
sigmoid colon
Superior rectal artery
the upper part of the rectum
3.Common iliac artery Abdominal aorta
(At the level of fourth lumbar vertebra)
Right and left common iliac A. (in front of the sacroiliac joint)
Internal iliac A. External iliac A. Femoral artery
pelvis
lower limbs
Arteries of pelvis Internal iliac A.
parietal branches
Visceral branches
Superior gluteal artery (suprapiriform foramen) gluteal m. Inferior gluteal artery (infrapiriform foramen ) adductor Obturator artery m. ( obturator foramen) Anus perineal muscles Internal pudendal genitalia a. Uterine uterus a. Inferior rectal a. the lower part of the rectum Superior/inferior vesicle a. bladder
Arteries of lower limbs
lateral circumflex femoral a.
Femoral a.
perforating a.
deep femoral a.
medial circumflex femoral a.
adductor canal
Popliteal a.
posterior thigh m.
Anterior tibial a. dorsal pedal a. Posterior tibial a.
medial and lateral plantar a.
extensor m. dorsum of foot and toes flexor m. sole and toes
medial malleolus