Animal Slaughter & Buddhism

udxY yd ks¾udxY wdydr wdpd¾h ú,shï à. cd¾úia, úμdj yd fi!LH ms<sn| wefußldkq iNdfõ (American Council in Science and Health) WmfoaYl jrfhls. fyf;u uyck fi!LH yd ksjdrl ffjμ úμdj ms<sn|j f,dagd ,skavd úYaj úμd,fha uydpd¾h OQrho orkafkah. wdpd¾h cd¾úia ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakkAj Tjqkaf.a yeisÍï rgdj wkqj mqˆ,a fldgia follg fnohs. 1. m%dfhda.sl ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakka 2. u;jd§ ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakka m%dfhda.sl ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakkaf.a wdydr .ekSfï rgdj m%dfhda.sl fi!LH fya;+ka u; fndfyda ÿrg r|d mj;S. Tyq Woafõ.ldrS fkdù h:d¾:jd§j fuu úIh ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lrhs. u;jd§ ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakkaf.a wdydr .ekSfï rgdj u;jdohka u; msysgd we;s w;r Tyq h:d¾:fhka is;kjdg jvd Woafõ.ldrSj fuu úIh ms<sn|j lghq;= lrkafkah. ñksiqka ;u wdydrh f;dard .ekSfï§ úúO fya;+ka ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lrjk w;r thska m%Odk lreKq my;ska olajd we;. 1. wd.usl fya;= 2. N+f.da,Sh fya;= 3. mqoa.,sl leue;a; 4. udkj ohdj 5. mdrïmßlj mej; tk yd mqoa.,sl p¾hdjka 6. mdßißl yd wd¾Ól fya;= 7. fmdaIKh

wd.ñl fya;= ms<s.;a u;h kñ ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakkaf.ka nyq;rh wd.ñl fya;=u; th lrk njhs. fuu úIh idlÉPd lsÍfï§ jvd;a úμdkql+,j yd h:d¾:jd§j lghq;= lrkakg wm wfmalaId lrk w;r hful=f.a is;a ßoùula Rcqj fyda jl%j isÿù we;akï wdrïNfha§u iudj wheo isàug leue;af;uq. úfYaIfhkau u;jd§ ks¾udxY wkqNj lrkakkaf.ka Woafõ.ldÍ m%;spdrhka wm fldfy;au wfmalaId fkdlrkafkuq. wd.ñl uQ, .%ka: mßYS,kh lr ne,Sfï§ wm ÿgq tla jeo.;a isoaOdka;hla kï ish¿ wd.ï udxY wdydr wkqNjh wkqu; lr we;s njhs. yskaÿ wd.u yskaÿ Nla;slhska w;f¾ we;s fmdÿ u;hla yd úYajdihla kï Tjqkaf.a oyfï b.ekaùï wkqj udxY wdydr wkqNjh wkqu; fldg fkdue;s njhs. kuq;a Tjqkaf.a wd.ñl uQ, .%ka: b;d meyeÈ,sj th wkqu; fldg we;s nj meyeÈ,s jkafkah. yskaÿ oyfï kS;s yd p¾hd ms<sn| W.kajk .%ka:h jQ ‘ukqiauDks’ .%ka:fha 5jk mßÉfÊofha 30, 31, 39, 40 yd 42 jdlHhka b;d meyeÈ,sj yd Rcqj udxY wdydr wkqNjh wkqu; fldg we;. yskaÿ oyfï b;du merKs .%ka:hla f,i ie,flk fúodkakfhao udxY wdydr wkqNjhg wkque;sh b;d meyeÈ,sj § we;. ß.afõo - .%ka: wxl 10

.S;sld .S;sld .S;sld .S;sld

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16 27 28 86

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10 2 2 13

w;¾jd fõo - .%k: a wxl 9 .S;sld wxl 5 – jdlH 37 38 39 iajdñ úfõldkkaof.a b.ekaùï wvx.= (The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda) hk .%ka:fha ;=kajk fj¿fï 174 jk msgqfõ ’tla lf,l bkaÈhdfõ n%dyauKhka .juia wkqNj fkdlf,a kï Tyqj n%dyauKfhla f,i fkdie,l+ hq.hla ;snQ nj¶ yd tu .%ka:fhau 536 jk msgqfõ ’merKs yskaÿ wd.ñl isß;a úß;a wkqj hfulaj fyd| yskaÿ Nla;slfhla f,i i,lkq ,enqfõ Tyq .j uia wkqNj lrkafka kï muKs¶ hkqfjka i|yka fldg we;.

;j;a lreKq b;d úYd, m%udKhla we;;a udxY wkqNjh yskaÿ oyfï wkqu; ldhH_hla f,i ms,s.ekSug by; lreKq m%udKj;a fjhs lshd woyia lrkafkuq. nqÿ oyu mxp YS,fha m,uqjk is,a moh ’uu mr mK keiSfuka je kdhl wdpd¾h lsßkafoa Oïudkkao kdysñ úiska rÑ; ’fn!oaO úYajdi úu¾Ykh¶ kue;s .%ka:fha 271 msgqfõ my; i|yka lreKq fï iïnkaOj olajd we;. nqÿ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

oyug wkqj mia jeoEreï ;;ajhka m%dK >d;kh i|yd ;sìh hq;=h. tajd fufiah, cSúfhl= ùu cSjhla we;s nj jgyd .ekau fyda ±k isàu ueÍfï fÉ;kdj ueÍfï m%h;akh yd isÿ lrkq ,nk ueÍuhs.

nqÿ oyfï b.ekaùï wkqj m%dK >d;kh ms<sn|j b;d jeo.;a lreKq lsysmhla ã' ta. tka. fiakdr;ak uy;d úiska rÑ; ’nqÿka fkdjod< O¾u¶ hk .%ka:fhka Wmqgd olajkakg leue;af;uq. fuh m%dK >d;kh ms<sn|j miqj bosßm;a lrk lreKq jgyd .ekSug WmldÍ fõ hehs is;kafkuq. ’hfula m%dK >d;k wl=i, lsÍfï§ >d;kh lrk ,o Ôúhd úYd, isrerla we;af;lao, l=vd isrerla we;af;lao, f.dv jikafklao, Èfhys jikafklao tfia;a ke;fyd;a mdoj,ska .uka lrkafklao, nv.d hkafklao jeks fNaoj,g wkqj m%dK >d;k wl=i,a l¾ufhys wvq jeä ùula we;ehs fkdis;ñ. i;aj udxY wkqNj lsÍu, i;aj >d;khg fya;=jk neúka, th m%dK >d;khg wkshñ u.ska wkqn, §ula njo, ta ksidu i;aj udxY wkqNj lrkakdg m%dK >d;k wl=i,fha fldgialdrfhl= jkakg isÿjk njo fn!oaOfhda úYajdi lr;s. tu úYajdih ;¾ldkql+,h. i;aj udxY wkqNj lsrSu, i;aj >d;khg fl<skau wkqn,§ula jk fyhska, th m%dK >d; wl=i, l¾ufha fldgialrejl= ùugo fya;=jk njg we;s úYajdih ;¾ldkql+, jqjo thgu iïnkaO ck;dj ;=< mj;akd jerÈ úYajdihlao fõ. tksid ud¿, lrj,, cdä jeks c,c i;=kaf.a udxY wkqNj lsÍu .j, t¿, W!re jeks f.dvìu jik isõmd i;=kaf.a udxY wkqNj lsÍu ;rï nrm;, mdm l¾uhka fkdjk njg we;s úYajdihhs. iuyr W.% fn!oaO Wmdil Wmdisldfjda fndfyda wjia:dj,§ ’wms kï wfma f.j,aj,g ljodj;a uila f.akafkj;a keye. Th b|,d ysg,d tfyu;a fj,djl uQÿ ud¿ álla, lfrda, álla .;af;d;a ñila, lshkq wm fldf;l=;a wid we;. fujeks m%ldYj,g fya;= ù we;af;a ’.j >d;k úfrdaë jHdmdr¶, ’.j fmryerj,a¶, ’urKhg lem jQ .jhska uqod yeÍu¶ hkd§ka Tiafia m%dK >d;k isÿjkafka .jhd m%uqL isjqmd i;=ka >d;kh lsÍfukah hk u;h Tjqka ;=d;kh lsrSu, f.dvìu jik i;df.a m%dKh >d;kh lsÍu ;rï nrm;, l¾uhka fkdjk f,i ie,lSug we;s fya;=j l=ulao@ ixLHd;aulj ie,lSfï§ u;aiHhl=f.a urKh fkdj isõmdfjl=f.a urKh kï wvq ,xiqfjka ie,lSfï idOdrK;ajhla we;. .jfhla, t¿fjla, W!frla, f.dafkla, uqfjla jeks i;ajfhl=f.a YÍrfha uia lsf,da 100la we;ehs is;uq. túg uia .%Eï mkaishhla ñ,§ f.k hkakd f.k hkafka i;df.ka 1$200 ka fldgila muKs. Tyqf.a j.lSu ta i;df.a m%dKfhka 1$200 fldgilg muKs. Tyq f.or f.k hk uia .%Eï mkaishh ilia fldg f.or oi fofkla th wdydrhg .kafka hehs is;uq. túg ta tlaflfkl=f.a j.lSu wr i;df.a m%dKfhka 1/200 x 1/10 lg muKs, fyj;a 1$2000 fldgilg muKs. ta wkqj iïmQ¾K m%dKhl j.lSu mejfrkafka tjka wfhl= wdydr fõ,a 2000la i|yd uia wdydrhg .;a miqjh.

ud¿ l+ßfhl=f.a nr lsf,da myla hehs is;uq. túg tu ud¿jdf.ka .%Eï mkaishhla f.k hkakd f.k hkafka i;df.ka 1$10 fldgila muKs. Tyq f.or f.k hk ud¿ .%Eï mkaishh ilia fldg f.or oi fofkla th wdydrhg .kafka hehs is;uq. túg ta tla tlaflkdf.ka j.lSu wr i;df.a m%dKfhka 1$100 fldgila i|yd muKs. iïmQ¾K m%dKhl j.lSu mejfrkafka tjka wfhl= ud¿ iys;j wdydr fõ,a ishhla .;a miqjh. wdydrh i|yd úh<s fyda wuq yd,aueiaika .%Eï 500la f.or f.k f.dia th ms<sfh< fldg mjqf,a ieufokd tlaj th wdydrhg .kafka hehs is;uq. tla wfhl=f.a fldgi jYfhka yd,a ueiaika 10 fofkl= ,enqfka kï Tyqg tu wdydr fõ, ksid m%dK 10l j.lSu mejf¾. ;j;a wfhla wdydrh i|yd l+ksiaika .%Eï 500la f.k f.dia thska l+ksiaika iïfnda,hla ilia fldg mjqf,a ish¿ fokd tl;=j th wdydrhg .kafka hehs is;uq. tla wfhl=f.a wdydr fldgi i|yd l+ksiaika 100la ,enqfõ kï Tyqg tu wdydr fõ, ksid m%dK ishhl j.lSu mejf¾. by; b,lalïj,g wkqj tla tla j¾.h wdydrhg .kakd ;eke;a;d tla wdydr fõ,la ksid jkik m%dK ixLHdj my; ±lafõ. wdydr j¾.h

wdydr fõ,la i|yd jkik m%dK ixLHdj

1. l+ksiaika 2. yd,a ueiaika 3. uqyqÿ ud¿ 4. uia

100 10 1$100 1$2000

by; ixLHdj,g wkqj, m%dK >d;kh wxYfhka i,ld n,k úg wdydrhg uia j¾.hla wkqNj lsÍug jvd l+ksiaika wkqNj lsÍu fo,laI ^2, 00, 000& jdrhl mdmhla, yd,a ueiaika wkqNj lsÍu úisoyia ^20, 000& jdrhl mdmhla, uqyqÿ ud¿ wkqNj lsÍu úisjdrhl ^20& jdrhl mdmhla. tfy;a mkais,a rlsk, m%dK >d;hg ìhla olajk ta ksidu lsisu j¾.hl ovhula f.h ;=
úkh msglfha 14 jk ix>dÈfIaIfha;a we;=,;a fldg we;s yd by; i|yka uÊðu ksldfha olajd we;s nqÿka jykafiaf.a foaYkdj wkqj udxY wkqNjh ;ykï jkafka my; i|yka lreKq ;=k iïmQ¾K jqjfyd;a muK's ;uka fjkqfjka:1. i;ajhd >d;kh lsÍu oelSu' 2. i;ajhd >d;kh lsÍu wikakg ,eî 3. i;ajhd >d;kh l, nj iel we;sùu. fjk;a wdldrfhka lsjfyd;a by; i|yka lreKqj,g ndysrj uia wkqNjfhka wl=i,la isÿ fkdjk njhs. ;uka ´kEu uia fyda ud¿ fj<| ie,lska ñ,hg f.k wkqNj lsÍu by; b.ekaùug mgyeks fkdjkakla jk w;r th wl=i, l¾uhla fkdjk nj;ah meyeÈ,s jkafka. uÊðu ksldfha lreKqj,g my;ska khkd;sf,dal uyd f;reka úiska ilia lrk ,o ’fn!oaO úYaj fldaIh¶ hk .%ka:fhka f.k yer olajd we;s lreKqj,ska meyeÈ,s jk idol my;ska olajd we;af;uq. 1. ;%smsglfha i|yka lreKq wkqj nqÿka jykafia úiska udxY wkqNj fldg we;s nj, 2. ix>hd jykafia,dg udxY wkqNjh ;ykï lrk f,i foõo;a f;reka úiska f.kd fhdackdj nqÿka jykafia úiska ;rfhau m%;slafIam l, nj úkh msglfha i|yka nj yd 3. idudkHfhka ix>hd jykafia,dg úkh kS;shla yeáhg i;=ka oi j¾.hl udxY wkqNjh muKla ;ykï lsÍfuka ^Wod ( fldákaf.a udxY, i¾mhskaf.a udxY, w,skaf.a udxY jeks& wksl=;a i;ajhskaf.a udxY wkqNjh wkqu; nj ;¾ldkql+,j ks.ukh lsÍug isÿjk nj, mxp iS,fha m,uqjk iS,h leãfuka l¾u úmdl yeáhg jeä wdhqI ke;sùu, fndfyda f,v ÿla we;s ùu, yd ìhm;aj úiSug isÿùu hk lreKq fuf,da jYfhkq;a urKska u;= we;s Nhdkl ksrfha bm§ug isÿjk nj;a W.kajk nqÿ oyu jHjNdrfha§S udxY wkqNjh ms<sn|j b;d ,sys,aj yd udxY wkqNjhg Èߧfï l%shd yd woyia bÈßm;a lr ;sîfuka nqoaO foaYkfha yd nqoaO j;a ms,sfj;a /lSu w;r iu:hlg m;a l< fkdyels ksYaÑ; mriamrhla we;s nj uOHia:j is;k ´kEu wfhl=g meyeÈ,s jkq we;ehs is;kafkuq. ieneúkau jHjydrfha udxY wkqNjhg ;ykula nqÿ oyfï fkdue;s nj by; lreKqj,ska meyeÈ,s jkafkah. oS> ksldfha uyd mß;síndk iQ;%fha ^fn!oaO ixialD;sl uOHia:dkfhka mßj¾;kh lrk ,o - msgq 165& nqÿka jykafiag pkao úiska ms<sfh< lrk ,o odkfha úia;r my; i|yka whqßka olajd we;. ’pqkao, Tn ms<sfh< l< iqlr uoaojfhka j<|jkak. ms<sfh< l< wks;a lEïîïj,ska NslaIq ix>hd j<|jkak.¶ ’tfyuhs iajdóks¶ lshd ms<s;=re ÿka pqkao l¾udK mq;% ta wkaoñka je<|úh. Nd.Hjoka jykafia ( ’pqkao Tfí b;srs iqlr uoaoj j<,kak.¶ pqkao foúhka iys; ureka iys; nUq;a iys; f,dalfhys foú ñksiqka iys; i;aj m%cdfjys ;:d.;hka jykafia yer th wkqNj fldg Èrúh yels fj; lsisfjl=;a fkdolsñ.” th ms<s.;a pqkao b;sß iqlr uoaoj j, oud Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia fj; wjq;a je| mfil jdä úh. Nd.Hjoka jykafia O¾u l:dfjka pqkao myojd ke.S jeäfial. pqkaof.a odkh je<ª Nd.Hjoka jykafiag oreKq f,days; mlaLkaÈld frda.h we;súh. wdpd¾h tÉ. tia. tia. ksYaYxl úiska rÑ; ’f.!;u nqoaO¶ kue;s .%ka:fha fmrjofkys nqÿka jykafiag we;s jQ frda.h ms<sn|j i|yka lr we;af;a ’l=iskddrdjg ie;mqï yhla muK ÿrska msysá mdjd kï .fï pqkao kï jQ ld¾ñlhdf.a ksfjiska wka;su odkh je<ª nqÿyq rla; w;Sidrhg f.dÿre jQy.” hkqfjks. nqÿka jykafiaf.a odkhg we;=,;a lr ;snQ ’iQlr uoaoj¶ ms<sn|j úúO wxYj,ska mriamr woyia u;= ù ;sfí. th úi ìïu,a j¾.hla f,i;a Wk .fia o¿ j¾.hla f,i;a w¾: ±laùula lr we;. kuq;a b;d m%fõYfuka uyd mß;síndk iQ;%fha i|yka lreKq úuid ne¨jfyd;a i;Hh wjfndaO lr .ekSu wmyiq fkdjk njhs wmf.a woyi. nqÿka jykafiaf.a fY%aIaG .=Khla jQ ;uka jykafiag mQcd l< lsisjla m%;slafIam fkdlr isàu u; msysgd Wkajykafia iqlr uoaoj wkqNj l<;a th ksYaÑ; jYfhkau Èrùug wmyiq hula nj Wkajykafia l,a we;sju ±k isá nj b;d meyeos,sh. iQlr uoaoj hk md,s jpkfha mo.k isxy, w¾:h W!re uia hkako b;d meyeÈ,sh. W!re uia Èrùug wmyiq wdydrhla jk w;r thska rla; w;Sidrh we;sùug we;s bvlv b;d fndfyda nj wm ieu b;d fyd¢ka okakd lreKls. ;u ksjig w;s fY%aIaG W;=ful=g wdrdOkd fldg fyd¢ka okakd úI j¾.hla hfula wdydr jÜfgdarejg we;=,;a lrhs hkak is;Su fudavluls. fuh

WQQ!re uia nj A manual of Buddhism (Munshiran Manohar Lal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. – INDIA) hk .%ka:fha 343 msgqfõ igyka fldg we; . by; i|yka lreKq ish,a, kej; iudf,dapkh lr ne¨jfyd;a wmg my; we;s ks.ukhkag t<öug isÿjkafkah. 1. mxp YS,fha md;kfhka je,lSfï is,amoh rlsñ¶ hkakhs. 2. ;%smsglfha yd fn!oaO úoaj;=kaf.a u;h kï udxY wkqNjh Rcqju mrdK >d;khg fya;=jk w;r th tu wl=i, l¾ufhau fldgila njhs. 3. kuq;a udxY wkqNjhg iïnkaO ;%smsglfha fldkafoais wkqj lsisu wl=i,a l¾uhla we;s fkdù udxY wkqNjhg myiq bvlv we;s nj. 4. .jhska jeks úYd, i;=kaf.a udxY wkqNjfhka we;s úh yels wl=i, l¾uhg jvd w;s úYd, wl=i, l¾uhka l+ksiaika, yd,aueiaika jeks wfkl=;a l=vd i;=ka wkqNj lsÍfuka we;s úh yels nj fn!oaO úoaj;=kaf.a u;hhs. 5. NslaIqkag udxY wkqNjh ;ykï lrk f,i f.kd fhdackdj nqÿka jykafia úiska m%;slafIam lsÍfuka, wka lsisu fn!oaOfhl=g udxY wkqNjh ;ykï lsÍfï whs;shla fkdue;s nj yd nqÿka jykafia fkdl< foa lrkakg hEfuka ;uka nqÿka jykafiag jvd fyd| fn!oaOfhla nj fmkajd .ekSug nqoaêu;aj is;k lsisfjla W;aidy fkdorkq we;ehs wms úYajdi lrkafkuq. 6. NslaIqkag iSï; i;aj j¾. oyhlf.a muKla udxY wkqNjh ;ykï lsÍfuka b;d meyeÈ,sj wka i;ajhskaf.a udxY wkqNjh ms<sn|j lsisu ndOdjla fyda ;ykula fkdue;s nj b;d fyd¢ka meyeÈ,s lsÍu. 7. nqÿka jykafia úiskau udxY wkqNj fldg we;s nj ;%smsglfha i|yka jk fyhska, wka fn!oaOhska udxY wkqNj lsÍu ms<sn|j ;¾lhka fkdue;s nj. lreKdlr by; i|yka lreKq lshùfuka Woyig yd Woafõ.hg m;a fkdù h:d¾:fhka yd nqoaêu;aj l,amkd fldg ks.ukhlg td;k úfrdaO;d jHdmdr¶, ’.j fmryerj,a¶, ’urKhg lem jQ .jhska uqod yeÍu¶ jeks jHdmdrhkag iïnkaO whg my; i|yka lreKq flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrk f,i b;d ldreKslj b,a,d isákafkuq. 1. 2.

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l=Uqre f.dú;eka lsÍfï§, ;o wõfõ k.=,g ne| flúfgka wudkqIslj ;,ñka jiaikag lrkakdjQ i;aj ysxidj flfrys Tn;=uka,d ksyËj bkafka wehs@ lr;a;hg .eg .id Èk .kka úYd, nrla wÈñka yd ta w;r;=r fljsfgka ,efnk fõokdldÍ myrj,a ú¢ñka lghq;= lrk lr;a; f.dkdf.a ysxidldÍ Ôú;h .ek l:d lrkakka ljqrekao@ lr;a; f.dkdg ,dvï .eiSfï ysxidldÍ l%shdj Tn ±l we;ehs is;kafkuq. jeiaisg megõ ,enqkdhska miafia muKhs lsß tfrkafka. kuq;a fuu lsß w,q; ìys jQ jiqmeáhdf.a wdydrh fjkqfjka muKla nj wm b;d fyd¢ka okafkuq. kuq;a wm jeiaisg ’lsß wïud¶ hk f.!rjkSh kduhla m%odkh fldg, jiq meáhdg wh;a lsß ál ’uu kqÿka foh .ekSfuka je,lSfï is,amoh rlsñ.¶ hk fojk YslaIdj jxpksl f,i ì| oud lghq;= lsÍu .ek we;s ksyË;djh .ek mqÿuhg m;ajkafkuq. .jhska y÷kd.ekSu i|yd we;s mdrïmßlj mej; tk yxjvq .eiSfï l%shdj Tn ±l we;s ±hs ±k.kakg leue;af;uq. if;la urKhg m;alrkjdg jvd w;s Nhdkl fõokdjla we;s lrjñka lrkakd jQ fuu lDDr l%shdj .ek we;s ksyË;djh lka ìysß lrjk ;rug Nhdklh. WodyrKhla jYfhka lkafo .urd,,df.a uqÈhkafiag wh;a .jhdf.a yxjvq .eiSu isÿlrkafka .jhdf.a ll=,a y;r b;d ;Èka ne| ìu oud whs;slref.a kfï uq,l=re jQ l. .. uq. .fï lïuf,a§ .skshï lrk ,o hlvhlska .jhdf.a msg fldkao m%foaYfha we£fukqhs. lreKdlr fï .ek Tn jrlaj;a is;d n,d .jhdg we;s úh yels fõokdj .ek yeÕSula we;s lr .;af;a ke;so@ .; yels ish¿ m%fhdack ,ndf.k jhia.; Ndjhg m;ajk úg ’lsß wïud¶ yÈisfhau ’mska f.dkd¶ njg m;afldg wdydr ,nd§u yd wksl=;a j.lSïj,ska ;ukaj b;d jxpksl f,i bj;a lr .ksñka m%foaYfha ieugu lrorhla yd m%Yakhla jk

wkaoñka fuu .jhd ,syd weÍu idudkH fohla njg m;a ù ;sîu .ek Tn jrlaj;a is;d ne¨fõ ke;so@ wm ieu wjxlj is;d wjxlj lghq;= lrkafka kï wmf.a fndfyda mdrïmrsl l%shdldrlï yd mokï rys; úYajdihka fya;= jdohg fld;rï mgyekso hkak wjfndaO lr .ekaug wmyiq fkdjkq we;' udxY wkqNjhg n,mdk wfkl=;a idOl .ek;a wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq lruq. weußldkq tlai;a ckmofha lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=fjka 2001 j¾Ihg m,l, ixLHd f,aLK wkqj tal mqoa., udxY wkqNjh rd;a;,a 187.8ls. tkï ck.Nkh us,shk 287lska hq;a weußldfõ jd¾Isl udxY mßfNdackh rd;a;,a ì,shk 53.9 ls. fuhg u;aiH mßfNdackh wvx.= jkafka ke;. hqfrdamSh rgj, tal mqoa., mdßfNdackh fuhg iudk fyda jeä ñila wvqjkakg bvla fkdue;. mrdK >d;kh kqiqÿiqhs hk ixl,amh ms<s.;fyd;a we;s úh yels Nhdkl M,úmdl fuu mßfNdack ixLHd f,aLkj,ska b;d fyd¢ka fy,sorõ jkafkah. tla isoaOdka;hla ksjerÈ ùug kï tys jHjydrh f,dj ieu;ekgu h:d¾:jd§ yd m%dfhda.sl tllaj ;sìh hq;=hs hkak .ek ;¾lhla ;sìh fkdyel. N+f.da,Sh idOlo udxY wkqNjhg fndfyda ÿrg fya;= ù we;. W;a;r yd olaIsK O%ej wdY%s;j we;s rgj,aj, §¾> ld,hla mj;akd YS; R;=j ksid tys lDIs f.dú;ekg we;s myiqlï b;du;au w,amh. tu m%foaYfhkau whsia u;u Ôj;ajk tialsfudajre wdydrhg .kafka u;aiH yd udxY j¾. muKs. wm flfia kï Tjqkg ks¾udxY wkqNj lrk f,i b,a,d isáuqo@ ks¾udxY m%;sm;a;sh fuu m%foaYhkag j,x.= ke;s nj nqoaêu;a ´kEu flfkl=g wjfndaO fjhs lshd is;kafkuq. ldka;dr yd ldka;dr wdY%s;j Ôj;ajk whf.a ;;ajho fï yd iudkh. ñksiqkag we;af;a i¾j NlaIl o;a fm,la. tkï udxY wkqNjhg Wmldr jk ovhï o;a fukau lDIs wdydr wkqNjhg iqÿiq me;,s o;ao ñksidg ;sfí. cSrK moaO;sho ñksidf.a ilia ù we;af;a udxY fukau lDIs wdydr ÔrKh ùug yelsjk whqßka. fuu hq.fha mrdK >d;fhka f;drj lDIs f.dú;eko lsÍug fkdyels ;;ajhla Woa.; ù we;. b;d iq¿ mßudKfha f.dú fmd,la m,sfndaO kdYl fkdfhdod lsÍug bvlv iuyr úg ;sìh yel. kuq;a uyd mßudKfha f.dú;eka lsÍfï§ wksjd¾hfhkau m,sfndaO kdYl fhdod .ekSug isÿ jkafkah. fuu ,smsfha wdrïNfha i|yka l< mßÈ mrdK >d;k wl=i, l¾uhla njg m;aùug wjYH lreKq myu m,sfndaO kdYl mdúÉÑfhka isÿjk nj meyeÈ,s jkq we;ehs is;kafkuq. tfia kï mrdK >d;fhka f;drj f.dú;ekla j;a lr.ekaug fkdyels ;;ajhla Wodjkafka kï fuu isoaOdka;fha j,x.=Ndjh .ek wmg kej; is;d n,kakg wksjd¾fhkau isÿfjkjd. kshqfudakshd, laIh frda.h jeks wdidOkhka we;s jQ .ekSug wksjd¾hfhkau isÿfjkjd. fuu m%;sÔjl fnfy;a .Kka frdaa.ldrl úU îc kid oud wmg hym;a fi!LH ;ekaysu jerÈhs jk ks.ukfha wm msysgd isákafka kï Ôú;hla /l .ekSug lghq;= lsÍu jerÈhs hk ;;ajhg woyi yd tlÕ jkafka ±hs ±k.kakg leue;af;uq.

úg wmg m%;sÔjl (Antibiotic) fnfy;a u.ska isÿjkafka YÍr .;ù we;s fldaá ;;ajhla ,nd §uhs. mrdK >d;kh iEu fldaá .Kka Ôj kid oud wmf.a tla wm m;ajkakg isÿfjkjd fkao@ Tn fï

fvx.=, uef,aßhd yd nrjd jeks jix.; frda. md,kh lrkakg kï frda. ldrl uÿrejka we;=¿j wfkl=;a úIîc wksjd¾fhkau urd ±ñh hq;= jkafkah. mrdK >d;kh lsÍfuka nrm;, M,úmdl we;s úh yelshs hk u;fha wm t,an isáfha kï ukqIH j¾.hd fujeks jix.; frda.j,ska uq¿ fmdf,da ;,fhkau w;= .Eù f.dia fndfyda l,a úh yels fkao@ lreKdlr is;d n,kak. ñksidf.a hym; msKsi úúO m¾fhaIKj, fhfoñka ffjμ úμdj Wodr bÈß .ukl fh§ isáhs. fuu ffjμ m¾fhaIKh i|yd i;=ka rdYshlf.a cSú; mß;Hd. isÿ ù we;. mrdK >d;kh jerÈhs hk u;fha wm t,an f.k isáfha kï ffjμ úμdj wo;a m%d.a ft;sydisl ;;ajfhka bÈßhg .uka l< fkdyels ;;ajfha wksjd¾hfhkau /£ isákq we;. kQ;k úμdj yd h:d¾:h iu. fuu b.ekaùï flfia mriamr;djhl mj;So hkak Tng meyeÈ,s ù we;ehs is;uq. ;j;a fndfyda idOl úúO lafIa;%hkaf.ka w;s úYd, m%udKhla bÈßm;a lsÍug we;;a by; lreKq m%udKj;a fjhs lshd is;kafkuq. ks¾udxY wkqNjh leu;s wh tfia lghq;= lsÍu .ek wmf.a úreoaO;djhla wukdmhla fkdue;. kuq;a ;ukaf.a wd.ñl yd mqoa.,sl woyia wka wh

fj; nf,ka megùug hEu .ekhs wmf.a úfrdaOh. isoaOdka;hla f,i ks¾udxY wkqNjh muKla ksjerÈ hkak m%dfhda.sl ke;s, úμdjg wkql+, ke;s, h:d¾:jd§ ke;s yd fuu hq.hg j,x.= ke;s ixl,amhla nj fmkaùuhs wmf.a W;aidyh. Tnf.a úpdrYS,S nqoaêhg weu;Sula lrkakghs fuu m%h;akfha mrud¾:h nj okajkakg leue;af;uq. fya;=jdoS ix.uh .d,qmdr fld