Anatomy Of An Injustice
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Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
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NEWS NEPALI NETBOOK WORLD VIEW IN BLACK AND WHITE WEEKLY NEWS COMMENTARY NEW NEPAL SAGA ON OFF THE RECORD VIEWPOINT SPORTS
Daily Update Power outage to reduce [15 May] Efforts to form new government [15 May] Dispute intensifies in MJF[15 May] Three die in accident [15 May] New government cannot be formed [15 May] Course book shortage continues [15 May] Border encroachment intensifies [15 May] Govt. foreign visit account [15 May] UML may disintegrate [15 May] This is how Nepal is shrinking! [15 May] Sunrise Bank's share forms deposed in street [12 May] CA members on sale [12 May] Bharat Dahal as Janamorcha chairman [12 May] A sleepless night that was! [12 May] Rebels to form joint front [12 May]
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Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n Thursday, 12 June 2008
REVIEWED BY D.N. PANDEY Nepal’s transformation from centuries of monarchical rule to republicanism is a seminal development in South Asia’s thorny political evolution. Clearly, King Gyanendra brought down Nepal’s oldest institution by his arrogance and ineptitude. The challenge ahead for Nepal may be inherently uncertain, but at least it would not be encumbered as much by the past. This, however, is a superficial view of events. The daily headlines and sound-bites do not tell the full story. The Nepalese monarchy’s greatest crime was to have consistently stood on a platform of nationalism atop South Asia’s oldest nation-state. And that ground was predicated in large measure on the reality of India’s total control of almost every aspect of Nepali life. By asserting its religious, cultural and social links with Nepal as well as incessantly raising its geographical vulnerabilities, successive rulers in New Delhi have sought to keep its small northern neighbour tightly within its sphere of influence. Successive Nepali monarchs, on the other hand, have struggled to move in the other direction by, among other things, raising the landlocked nation’s international profile. A new book titled “The Raj Lives: India in Nepal” is a saga of Nepal’s subjugation, beginning with the British, who never brought the Himalayan nation under their direct rule. Paying lip service to Nepal’s independence, Delhi has imposed unequal and iniquitous treaty obligations on Nepalis. They have exploited the weaknesses of the Nepali regime to create pliant leaders in each political party. Once their interests have been served, these leaders have been discarded to the wayside, the most prominent of them being B.P. Koirala, Nepal’s first democratically elected prime minister. India has used the palace, institutionally sceptical of the political parties, to do its bidding,
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
COCKTAILMAN REVIEW EDITORIAL BABBLES INTERVIEWS POKHARA DIARY LEISURE ENTERTAINMENT AMERICAN KALEIDOSCOPE SUPPLEMENTARY SEMINAR
Calendar BAISHAKH JASTHA ASHADH SAUN BHADRA ASWIN KARTIK MANGSIR PAUSH MAGH FALGUN CHAITRA
Photo Gallery
thereby creating greater instability. In the end, Nepali media and academia have been manipulated by Delhi to heap the entire blame on the monarchy’s autocratic tendencies. In Upadhya’s conclusion, independent India virtually adopted the British colonialists’ policies vis-à-vis Nepal. “The Raj Lives” explains how consistently India has been pitting political power centers against one another over the decades. Jawaharlal Nehru virtually imposed a Treaty of Peace and Friendship in 1950 on a tottering regime of Rana oligarchs by using the monarchy and the nascent Nepali Congress. Enticed by promises of continued political support, the Ranas, staunch British allies worried by the colonialists’ departure, signed the document. The inequity of the treaty is apparent in the fact that the incumbent Rana Prime Minister signed on behalf of Nepal while India’s signature was appended by its ambassador in Kathmandu. Yet months later, Nehru engineered the collapse of Rana rule by restoring to King Tribhuvan as the head of state and promising the Nepali Congress and other parties a share of political power based on their electoral strength. But India went on to empower the monarchy at the cost of the political parties. After much wrangling, Nepal held elections in 1959 in which Koirala’s Nepali Congress triumphed with a landslide. Prime Minister Koirala, cognizant of India’s real motives, sought to project Nepal’s international involvement far and wide. He built closer ties with China, opened relations with Israel and became more vocal in his assertion of Nepal’s sovereign rights and responsibilities. A clearly infuriated Nehru responded by making public secret letters exchanged with the 1950 Treaty, which, in India’s interpretation, placed Nepal within the Indian security perimeter. Undaunted, Koirala continued to march ahead, which strained his ties with Nehru. Delhi then turned its sights on Tribhuvan’s son and successor, Mahendra, who was politically shrewder and more ambitious than his father. Through a variety of intermediaries, Upadhya suggests, India encouraged the palace to dismiss the elected government. When the monarch did so in late 1960, Delhi criticized him and began arming Nepali Congress exiles against the palace. This was merely one of the manifestations of the divide-and-rule policies the British had used in India. For almost two years, Nehru pitted Mahendra and the Nepali Congress against each other to gain maximum advantage in a future setup. But China’s humbling of India in the 1962 war worked to Mahendra’s advantage. Nehru and his successors continued supporting and chastising both sides of the Nepali political divide. King Birendra, Mahendra’s son and successor, saw India’s annexation of the independent kingdom of Sikkim in 1975 as a clear threat to Nepal’s independence. He announced a proposal to have Nepal declared a zone of peace, a move that would go on to win massive international support. India considered the proposal aimed against its interpretation of the 1950 Treaty and continued to oppose it bitterly. When Birendra bought arms from China in 1989, India imposed a crippling blockade of Nepal. Here, too, Delhi cited a secret agreement which it said required Kathmandu to meet its defence requirements through India. Nepal continued to insist that China had offered the arms at bargain prices, but to no avail. The shortage of food, fuel and other essential supplies soured Nepali public opinion. Mindful of a nationalist backlash, Delhi then backed a democracy movement against the palace, all the while pressuring Birendra to sign a comprehensive treaty aimed at bringing Nepal under tighter Indian control. Birendra, Upadhya emphasizes, compromised with the Nepali parties and “democracy” was thus ushered in the world’s only Hindu kingdom. Yet weeks later Delhi presented the same draft treaty to the new Nepali premier Krishna Prasad Bhattarai. When political parties failed to serve its interests, Delhi gave support and succour to Nepali Maoist rebels. Political instability deepened and the insurgency raged on almost in a vicious circle. King Gyanendra, who succeeded Birendra, slain in a mysterious palace massacre along with his entire family, sought Chinese and American support to quell the insurgency and prevent
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
Partners
Nepal from becoming a failed state. There was little India could do differently, considering the vast and open border as well as the international concern the rising insurgency had raised. Yet Delhi sought to use the relative unpopularity of Gyanendra to pressure the palace into concessions. Gyanendra’s family, after all, had escaped unhurt from the palace massacre. His son, Paras, had been involved in a number of hit-and-run accidents, killing at least one victim. As Nepali political parties descended into deeper infighting, Washington, Beijing and – grudgingly Delhi – concluded that the palace needed to take greater control to quell the insurgency. King Gyanendra held extensive discussions with foreign envoys, including two senior Indian representatives, and dismissed an elected government in October 2002. Delhi seemed to go along but was seething at the ground Washington and Beijing gained in Nepal. A succession of palace-appointed premiers proved unable to quell the insurgency, whose leadership was safe and sound on Indian soil.
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When King Gyanendra, wary of India’s double-dealing, was contemplating a political settlement directly with the Maoists, India preempted that move by urging him to take direct control of government and crush the insurgency militarily. When Gyanendra seized power on February 1, 2005, appointing himself head of government as well, India became all the more vitriolic. The duplicity forced Gyanendra to move closer to China and the United States. By portraying Gyanendra’s government as an autocratic regime on the way to becoming a Chinese satellite, India was able to drive a wedge between the palace and Washington. At the Dhaka summit of the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation in late 2005, Gyanendra led an effort to bring China as an observer in the organization. The monarch, like the leaders of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, believed greater Chinese institutional engagement in South Asia would help the region achieve strategic stability and spur the economy. Delhi was infuriated by what it considered Gyanendra’s brazen flaunting of the “China card”. Days later, it brought the mainstream Nepali opposition parties and the Maoist rebels in an anti-palace alliance. India’s sponsorship of both became all the more apparent. Months later, the royal regime was brought down amid massive popular protests. Recognizing that an abrupt removal of the monarchy would produce a level of instability it could not handle, India began neutering the palace through a series of steps. After the elections were held this year, according to some reports from Kathmandu, India was continuing to negotiate with the palace a quid pro quo for the retention of the monarchy. Apparently, the king refused.
Add comments:
Opinion Poll Leaders of CPN Maoist party have discarded our national dress Daura-Surwal. How do you feel? -We have lost our identity. -Daura-Surwal do not represent Nepali identity. -I don't have any idea.
Vote
Results
Upadhya’s 350-page volume could have been dismissed as an alternative history penned by a diehard royalist, an identity Upadhya has not bothered to conceal. But he cites sources, most of them in the public record, that provide a perfect timeline to back his narrative. As Nepalis celebrate their triumph against the monarchy, India has widened its options with regard to its security considerations, Nepal’s vast water resources and the nation’s status as a vast Indian market. Some Nepalis continue to raise their voice against India’s true motives, but they are few and far between. For a wider South Asian audience, “The Raj Lives” comes with a palpable ring of familiarity. Precise modes and methods may vary, but the smaller nations of South Asia are long-standing victims of Indian highhandedness stemming from the same megalomania. For others beyond South Asia who are interested in the region, Upadhya provides a lucid portrayal of how the world’s largest democracy uses a free press, civil society and other tenets of openness to undermine its neighbors.
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
The Raj Lives: India In Nepal By Sanjay Upadhya
Congratulations
Vitasta Publishing Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi 350 Pages; Hardbound Edition: 2008 ISBN: 81-89766-73-2 Price: Indian Rs. 645 Add comments: Trekking in Nepal / Tibet
Unique Graduation Cards
Hiking/Rafting/Sightseeing in Nepal Discover Create & Send Personalized Cards. Nepal with real people Download Free EZ Card Creator Now!
On the occasion of happ wedding of Chandra Khaki wit Babita Shakya on 27 April, w extend our hearties congratulations to the newl married couple. We wish th newly wed couple a very happ conjugal life.
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Archive February, 2009 January, 2009 December, 2008 November, 2008 October, 2008 September, 2008 August, 2008 July, 2008 June, 2008 May, 2008
Old Archive Year-2006 Add comments:
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Copyright © 2005 - 2007 Peoples Review
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
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Dispute intensifies in MJF[15 May]
Profile ABOUT US SUPPORT PEOPLES REVIEW
Links Online Pharmacy Phentermine acai berries total body cleanse snuggie Weight Loss Diets Online Casino Bonus colon cleanse reviews Betsson Casino Internet Directory NetCenter Directory Add comments:
NEWS NEPALI NETBOOK WORLD VIEW IN BLACK AND WHITE WEEKLY NEWS COMMENTARY NEW NEPAL SAGA ON OFF THE RECORD VIEWPOINT SPORTS
Daily Update Power outage to reduce [15 May] Efforts to form new government [15 May] Dispute intensifies in MJF[15 May] Three die in accident [15 May] New government cannot be formed [15 May] Course book shortage continues [15 May] Border encroachment intensifies [15 May] Govt. foreign visit account [15 May] UML may disintegrate [15 May] This is how Nepal is shrinking! [15 May] Sunrise Bank's share forms deposed in street [12 May] CA members on sale [12 May] Bharat Dahal as Janamorcha chairman [12 May] A sleepless night that was! [12 May] Rebels to form joint front [12 May]
Home
News
Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n Thursday, 12 June 2008
REVIEWED BY D.N. PANDEY Nepal’s transformation from centuries of monarchical rule to republicanism is a seminal development in South Asia’s thorny political evolution. Clearly, King Gyanendra brought down Nepal’s oldest institution by his arrogance and ineptitude. The challenge ahead for Nepal may be inherently uncertain, but at least it would not be encumbered as much by the past. This, however, is a superficial view of events. The daily headlines and sound-bites do not tell the full story. The Nepalese monarchy’s greatest crime was to have consistently stood on a platform of nationalism atop South Asia’s oldest nation-state. And that ground was predicated in large measure on the reality of India’s total control of almost every aspect of Nepali life. By asserting its religious, cultural and social links with Nepal as well as incessantly raising its geographical vulnerabilities, successive rulers in New Delhi have sought to keep its small northern neighbour tightly within its sphere of influence. Successive Nepali monarchs, on the other hand, have struggled to move in the other direction by, among other things, raising the landlocked nation’s international profile. A new book titled “The Raj Lives: India in Nepal” is a saga of Nepal’s subjugation, beginning with the British, who never brought the Himalayan nation under their direct rule. Paying lip service to Nepal’s independence, Delhi has imposed unequal and iniquitous treaty obligations on Nepalis. They have exploited the weaknesses of the Nepali regime to create pliant leaders in each political party. Once their interests have been served, these leaders have been discarded to the wayside, the most prominent of them being B.P. Koirala, Nepal’s first democratically elected prime minister. India has used the palace, institutionally sceptical of the political parties, to do its bidding,
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
COCKTAILMAN REVIEW EDITORIAL BABBLES INTERVIEWS POKHARA DIARY LEISURE ENTERTAINMENT AMERICAN KALEIDOSCOPE SUPPLEMENTARY SEMINAR
Calendar BAISHAKH JASTHA ASHADH SAUN BHADRA ASWIN KARTIK MANGSIR PAUSH MAGH FALGUN CHAITRA
Photo Gallery
thereby creating greater instability. In the end, Nepali media and academia have been manipulated by Delhi to heap the entire blame on the monarchy’s autocratic tendencies. In Upadhya’s conclusion, independent India virtually adopted the British colonialists’ policies vis-à-vis Nepal. “The Raj Lives” explains how consistently India has been pitting political power centers against one another over the decades. Jawaharlal Nehru virtually imposed a Treaty of Peace and Friendship in 1950 on a tottering regime of Rana oligarchs by using the monarchy and the nascent Nepali Congress. Enticed by promises of continued political support, the Ranas, staunch British allies worried by the colonialists’ departure, signed the document. The inequity of the treaty is apparent in the fact that the incumbent Rana Prime Minister signed on behalf of Nepal while India’s signature was appended by its ambassador in Kathmandu. Yet months later, Nehru engineered the collapse of Rana rule by restoring to King Tribhuvan as the head of state and promising the Nepali Congress and other parties a share of political power based on their electoral strength. But India went on to empower the monarchy at the cost of the political parties. After much wrangling, Nepal held elections in 1959 in which Koirala’s Nepali Congress triumphed with a landslide. Prime Minister Koirala, cognizant of India’s real motives, sought to project Nepal’s international involvement far and wide. He built closer ties with China, opened relations with Israel and became more vocal in his assertion of Nepal’s sovereign rights and responsibilities. A clearly infuriated Nehru responded by making public secret letters exchanged with the 1950 Treaty, which, in India’s interpretation, placed Nepal within the Indian security perimeter. Undaunted, Koirala continued to march ahead, which strained his ties with Nehru. Delhi then turned its sights on Tribhuvan’s son and successor, Mahendra, who was politically shrewder and more ambitious than his father. Through a variety of intermediaries, Upadhya suggests, India encouraged the palace to dismiss the elected government. When the monarch did so in late 1960, Delhi criticized him and began arming Nepali Congress exiles against the palace. This was merely one of the manifestations of the divide-and-rule policies the British had used in India. For almost two years, Nehru pitted Mahendra and the Nepali Congress against each other to gain maximum advantage in a future setup. But China’s humbling of India in the 1962 war worked to Mahendra’s advantage. Nehru and his successors continued supporting and chastising both sides of the Nepali political divide. King Birendra, Mahendra’s son and successor, saw India’s annexation of the independent kingdom of Sikkim in 1975 as a clear threat to Nepal’s independence. He announced a proposal to have Nepal declared a zone of peace, a move that would go on to win massive international support. India considered the proposal aimed against its interpretation of the 1950 Treaty and continued to oppose it bitterly. When Birendra bought arms from China in 1989, India imposed a crippling blockade of Nepal. Here, too, Delhi cited a secret agreement which it said required Kathmandu to meet its defence requirements through India. Nepal continued to insist that China had offered the arms at bargain prices, but to no avail. The shortage of food, fuel and other essential supplies soured Nepali public opinion. Mindful of a nationalist backlash, Delhi then backed a democracy movement against the palace, all the while pressuring Birendra to sign a comprehensive treaty aimed at bringing Nepal under tighter Indian control. Birendra, Upadhya emphasizes, compromised with the Nepali parties and “democracy” was thus ushered in the world’s only Hindu kingdom. Yet weeks later Delhi presented the same draft treaty to the new Nepali premier Krishna Prasad Bhattarai. When political parties failed to serve its interests, Delhi gave support and succour to Nepali Maoist rebels. Political instability deepened and the insurgency raged on almost in a vicious circle. King Gyanendra, who succeeded Birendra, slain in a mysterious palace massacre along with his entire family, sought Chinese and American support to quell the insurgency and prevent
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
Partners
Nepal from becoming a failed state. There was little India could do differently, considering the vast and open border as well as the international concern the rising insurgency had raised. Yet Delhi sought to use the relative unpopularity of Gyanendra to pressure the palace into concessions. Gyanendra’s family, after all, had escaped unhurt from the palace massacre. His son, Paras, had been involved in a number of hit-and-run accidents, killing at least one victim. As Nepali political parties descended into deeper infighting, Washington, Beijing and – grudgingly Delhi – concluded that the palace needed to take greater control to quell the insurgency. King Gyanendra held extensive discussions with foreign envoys, including two senior Indian representatives, and dismissed an elected government in October 2002. Delhi seemed to go along but was seething at the ground Washington and Beijing gained in Nepal. A succession of palace-appointed premiers proved unable to quell the insurgency, whose leadership was safe and sound on Indian soil.
Add comments:
When King Gyanendra, wary of India’s double-dealing, was contemplating a political settlement directly with the Maoists, India preempted that move by urging him to take direct control of government and crush the insurgency militarily. When Gyanendra seized power on February 1, 2005, appointing himself head of government as well, India became all the more vitriolic. The duplicity forced Gyanendra to move closer to China and the United States. By portraying Gyanendra’s government as an autocratic regime on the way to becoming a Chinese satellite, India was able to drive a wedge between the palace and Washington. At the Dhaka summit of the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation in late 2005, Gyanendra led an effort to bring China as an observer in the organization. The monarch, like the leaders of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, believed greater Chinese institutional engagement in South Asia would help the region achieve strategic stability and spur the economy. Delhi was infuriated by what it considered Gyanendra’s brazen flaunting of the “China card”. Days later, it brought the mainstream Nepali opposition parties and the Maoist rebels in an anti-palace alliance. India’s sponsorship of both became all the more apparent. Months later, the royal regime was brought down amid massive popular protests. Recognizing that an abrupt removal of the monarchy would produce a level of instability it could not handle, India began neutering the palace through a series of steps. After the elections were held this year, according to some reports from Kathmandu, India was continuing to negotiate with the palace a quid pro quo for the retention of the monarchy. Apparently, the king refused.
Add comments:
Opinion Poll Leaders of CPN Maoist party have discarded our national dress Daura-Surwal. How do you feel? -We have lost our identity. -Daura-Surwal do not represent Nepali identity. -I don't have any idea.
Vote
Results
Upadhya’s 350-page volume could have been dismissed as an alternative history penned by a diehard royalist, an identity Upadhya has not bothered to conceal. But he cites sources, most of them in the public record, that provide a perfect timeline to back his narrative. As Nepalis celebrate their triumph against the monarchy, India has widened its options with regard to its security considerations, Nepal’s vast water resources and the nation’s status as a vast Indian market. Some Nepalis continue to raise their voice against India’s true motives, but they are few and far between. For a wider South Asian audience, “The Raj Lives” comes with a palpable ring of familiarity. Precise modes and methods may vary, but the smaller nations of South Asia are long-standing victims of Indian highhandedness stemming from the same megalomania. For others beyond South Asia who are interested in the region, Upadhya provides a lucid portrayal of how the world’s largest democracy uses a free press, civil society and other tenets of openness to undermine its neighbors.
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
The Raj Lives: India In Nepal By Sanjay Upadhya
Congratulations
Vitasta Publishing Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi 350 Pages; Hardbound Edition: 2008 ISBN: 81-89766-73-2 Price: Indian Rs. 645 Add comments: Trekking in Nepal / Tibet
Unique Graduation Cards
Hiking/Rafting/Sightseeing in Nepal Discover Create & Send Personalized Cards. Nepal with real people Download Free EZ Card Creator Now!
On the occasion of happ wedding of Chandra Khaki wit Babita Shakya on 27 April, w extend our hearties congratulations to the newl married couple. We wish th newly wed couple a very happ conjugal life.
< Prev
Next >
[ Back ]
Pushpa Raj Pradhan, Brother-in Law; Jasuda Pradhan, Elde Sister; Pujab Raj Pradhan Nephew, Punjita Pradhan, Niece BN Dahal, colleague. Add comments:
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Syndicate
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
Archive February, 2009 January, 2009 December, 2008 November, 2008 October, 2008 September, 2008 August, 2008 July, 2008 June, 2008 May, 2008
Old Archive Year-2006 Add comments:
Add comments:
Copyright © 2005 - 2007 Peoples Review
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
Peoples Review Online news portal - Anatomy Of An Injustice How the world’s largest democracy exercises freedom to undermine a smaller n
http://peoplesreview.com.np/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5989&Itemid=94[5/15/2009 7:51:23 AM]
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