An Analysis On Impact Of Ict On Student 1 - Copy.docx

SECTION 1: STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM. “An Analysis On Impact Of ICT On Student’s Academic Performance At Primary Level In Schools Of Shahfaisal Town”

1.1; Background: ICT stands for Information & Communication Technologies. The impact of ICT on student’s learning has been focused among last two decades. ICT includes internet, wireless network, cell phones, digital media and other information and communication medium. In past few decades information and communication technology has provided to society with many new things such as new communication software’s which are widely used around the world. “People can communicate in real time with one another in different countries using technologies such as instant messaging, voice over IP and video conferencing, social networking websites like Facebook allow users from all over the world to remain in contact and easily talk on regular basis.” Technologies have been changing day by day, we have updated ourselves and society along with the technological advancement. Before this technological advancement swept the world, people wouldn’t know what was happening in their neighboring countries. On the other hand, today every news or story spread like fire spreads through wood and you will get to know what is happening around the globe within few minutes. “For this reason ICT is often studied in the context of how modern communication technologies affected society.” (tech factor, January 04, 2010.)

ICT is very vast field, it offers many technologies for the public that are introduced on a daily basis. These technologies makes our lives easier and faster and also convey package of knowledge to us. ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication device encompassing radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware, satellite systems and so on as well as the various services & applications that comes with them such as video conferencing and distance learning. This is said by Margaret Rouse in September, 2005, “ICT are often spoken of a particular context such as ICTs in education, health care or libraries.” When used appropriately, different ICTs are said to help expand access to education, strengthen the relevance of education to the increasingly digital workplace and raise educational quality by, among others, helping make teaching and learning into an engaging active process connected to real life.

1.2; Objectives: General Objectives: The general objective of the study is to analyze the impact of Information & Communication Technology on student’s academic performance at primary level.

Specific Objectives: Increase the critical thinking of students. Students becomes familiar with the technology and it’s usage. Students interest in technology increases making them eager to learn and explore more. Making learning enjoyable and fun by the use of pictures, videos, slideshows etc. Enables students to understand all the abstract concepts much better. Teacher can develop better lessons through research on internet about specific topics out of books.

1.3; Hypothesis: There is a significant difference between ICTs based learning students and without ICTs based learning students. There will be significant difference in the learning outcomes of ICTs based lessons. There will be a significant difference in the understanding of students regarding lessons/topics. There will be significant difference in students in respect of knowledge and understanding of advancement of technologies. There will be significant difference in importance of role of ICT in understanding more about the information of lesson.

1.4; Significance: Nowadays the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), especially internet in the education sector plays an important role, especially in the process of empowering the technology into the educational activities. Education sector can be the most effective sector to anticipate and eliminate the negative impact of ICT. Technology (internet) in another side can be the most effective way to increase the student’s knowledge. Being aware of the significant role of ICT (internet) in our life, especially in the educational activities, education authorities should be wise enough in implementing the strategies to empower ICT in supporting the teaching and learning process in the classroom. ICT is not just the bloom of the educational activities, but also it will be the secondary option to improve the effective and meaningful educational process. The ICT has been developing very rapidly nowadays. Therefore, in order to balance it, the whole educational system should be reformed and ICT should be integrated into educational activities. The implementation of ICT in education has not been a priority trend of educational reform and the state paid little attention to it. Therefore, there should be an active participation, initiative and good will of the schools and the government institutions to enhance ICT implementation at school. The teachers should be the main motivator and initiator of the ICT implementation at schools. The teachers should be aware of the social change in their teaching activities. They should be the agent of change from the classical method into the modern one. They must also be the part of the global change in learning and teaching modification.

Encouragement of independent and active learning, self-responsibility and maturity for learning. Gains in ICT literacy skills.

1.5; Scope: The scope of study would be limited to all primary schools of the Shahfaisal town.

1.6; Key Terms:

ICT: Information & Communication Technology. Primary schools: all the primary schools located in the Shahfaisal town. Abstract concepts: A physical object (a possible referent of a concept or word) is considered concrete (not abstract) if it is a particular individual that occupies a particular place and time.

SECTION 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Early researchers into ICT in education, such as Paper(1980) and Turkle(1984), considered that students constructed reality from experience and prior knowledge. “The students interacts with the environment and, to cope with the environment, develops a conceptual framework to explain the interaction.” Some early theorists such as Dede(2009), echo these earlier prepositions even as, “Technologies evolve, giving rise to the set of constructs upon which the ICT capability is based.” (Research on Humanities and social sciences ISSN(Paper) Vol.5, No.1, 2015) Kuliks(1994) said that meta-analysis study revealed that, on average, students who used ICT-based instruction scored higher than students without computers. The students also learned more in less time and liked their classes more when ICT-based instruction was included.

“The first web-based teaching presents information in a non-linear style, permits student to explore new information via browsing and cross-referencing activities. Second, web-based teaching helps active learning processes emphasized by constructivist theory. Third, web-based education has enhanced understanding through improved virtualization and finally, the convenience, it could be used any time, at any place.” Li et al.(2003) They showed that while the bivariate correlation between the availability of ICT and student’s performance is strongly and insignificantly positive the correlation becomes small and insignificant when other student environment characteristics are taken into consideration. (Fuchs and Woessman (2004) used International data from the Programme For International Student Assessment (PISA).) (RUSC vol.5, No.1, 2008). In United States Attwell and Battle(1999) examined the relationship between having a home computer and school performance, for a sample of approximately 64,300 students. Their findings suggest that students who have access to a computer at home for educational purpose, have improved scores in reading and maths. Many studies were conducted in the past to evaluate the effectiveness of computers in the learning environment. The earliest took place in the 1960s and 1970s when researchers introduced pupils to educational softwares in a school environment (Cox,2003). (International Education Journal, 2005, 6(5), 635-650). Leven at el (2004) stated that there is no evidence for a relationship between increased educational use of ICT and student’s performance. In fact, they find a consistently negative and marginally significant relationship between ICT use and some student achievement measures. In support to these, some students may use ICT to increase their leisure time and have less time to study.

On the other hand, Abdullah Y. Al Hawaj, Wajeeh Elahi and E.H Twizell (2008), state that ICT has the potential to transform the nature of education: where and how learning takes place and the roles of students and teachers in the learning process. (Journal of Science and Technology Education Research vol.1(5), pp.107-110, October 2010)

Section 3: Research Methodology. 3.1; Research Strategy: The strategy of research would be survey. Mixed research in nature. Quantitative and qualitative research strategy has been focused.

3.2; Population: The population would be teachers of primary schools in Shahfaisal Town.

3.3; Sampling: 50 teachers are selected randomly from secondary schools of Shahfaisal Town.

3.4; Research Instrument: Questionnaire.

3.5; Data collection: Data collected will through personal visits.

3.6; Data analysis: Data will be analyzed through qualitative and quantitative study.