Ammal And Knowledge For Education

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- pmar;yGJcef;twGif;ü xdkifaepOfar;cGef;rvmciftvSsif

*kPfawmfESifh

þ'dktmudk zwfyg/

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- tifef&Smtv’m[f t&Sifhtvdkawmfjzifh atmifjrifrI udk&&Sdrnfjzpfonf/

tdrmrf0uD;tf\ rdefUMum;csuf - tdrmrf&SmzdtDocifu rdrdrSwfÓPfraumif;jcif;ESifh ywfoufíol\ q&m tdrmrf0uD;tf tm;avSsmufwifonf rSm q&m.uRefawmfrh w S Ó f Pfraumif;awmhygojzifh rSwÓ f Pfaumif;atmif tMuHÓPfay;yg?..xdt k csdef wGif q&mjzpfot l rd mrf0tuD;tfu*kem[frsm;rSa&SmifNyD;? aomif0Af [f jyKvu kd yf g? oifrh w S Ó f Pfv;kH 0aumif; oGm;rnf[k trdeUf &So d nf/..............................................................

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(11)Budrfzwfyg/

- rSwfÓPfaumif;ap&ef twGuf z&Zferm;ZfNyD;wdkif;

*kPfawmfudk tBudrf

(150)zwfí &ifbwfwGif ref;rIwfyg/

- z&Zferm;ZfNyD;wdkif;

udktBudrf(100)zwfvSsif arhavsmhjcif;rS uif;a0;rnf/ *

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OD;aESmuftm;aumif;ap&ef enf;vrf;ESpfjzm (1) tAlEdktD;rfocifu 0gapv[f Aifef tufpfutf ocifxHrS wrefawmfjrwf(

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tdrmrf*ZmvD\ rdefUMum;csuf -]trSef}w&m;\ aemufvdkuf rjzpfrjcif; xdkolU\ todÓPf rjynfhpHkao;yg/

ynmxufjrufa&; á ausmif;rysufESifh? oifcef;pmvGwfapESihf/ á tcsdefudk wefzdk;xm;yg? tusdK;rJh vkyfief;rsm;jzifh tcsdefrjzef;avESifh/ á tpm;usL;jcif;? ttdyrf sm;jcif;wdUk udak &SmifMuOfyg? yifyef;EGr;f e,fomG ;vSsif zswfvwfaysmf&iT f p&mrsm;ü tcsdefoHk;yg? ynmwdk; pdwf&Tifp&mrsm;ajymyg/ á wwfodorSs enf;onf[k ,lqyg? ig..bmrSsrwwf ao;[k cH,lxm;&rnf/ á pmaumif;ayaumif;(10)tkyfzwfNyD; npfnrf; pm (1)apmifzwfvdkufvSsif avScg;xpf(10) xpfwufNyD;? vdrfh usolyrmjzpf&rnf/ á aeUn? pmüomarGUavsmhyg? jyóemjyKp&m udpörs;rS a&Smifyg/ raeUuxuf 'DaeU? wjref tywfxuf ,cktywf ynm&nfrnfrSs wdk;wufvmonfudk pOf;pm;yg/

[Z&of xme0D\ rdefUacRcsuf á t&ifwkef;u acwfynm oif,lqnf;yl; vdkufpm; olawGrSm r&Sdbl;wJh vGwfvyfrIawG 'DaeUacwfynm oif ,l qnf;yl;olawGrSm &SdaeMuNyD/ bmoma&; eJUywfouf vdkUpnf;vGwf 0g;vGwf aexdkifjyKrlwm awGuvnf; aMu uGJp&myJ/ rwlwJhtcsufu t&if acwfynm oif,l qnf;yl;wJh vli,fawGeJU uav;awG[m bmoma&; vdkufpm;olawG&JU &ifcGifxJrSm BuD;jyif;vmcJUMuolawG . .'DaeUacwfynm qnf;yl;wJh olawGuawmh bm oma&;udk rav;pm;rcspfcifolawGU&JU &ifcGifxJrSm BuD; jyif;vmcJUMu&w,f/ aemufydkif; 'DxufydkNyD;? &if a v; p&m aomursm;p&myJ / 'D t csd e f u jyKjyif xd e f ; od r f ; & r,f U tcsd e f ? tawmfhudkowdxm;&r,fU tcsdefyJ/

Ref:Workshop on Maktabs(2003)

armfv0D tdAf&m[drf-a&eD

t&m(4)ckaMumifh ÓPfynmwd;k yGm;onf (tdrmrf&mS aztD) á pum;tajymenf;vSsif

á rdpf0g;uf wHylwdkufvSsif

á ouf&G,fBuD;olrsm;xHxdkifvSsif

á ppfrSefaom tmvifrfrsm;xHcpm;vSsif

ynm&Sifrsm;\ rdefUMum;csufrsm; á pmwwfyk*d¾Kvfrsm;udk awGY&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; ynm&Sd wpfOD;tm; awGU&cJ\/ á todÓPf&Sdonfh pum;rsm;udk oifay;olrsm;tm; rdwfzJGUoifhonf/ á todÓPf&Sdolonf pOf;pm;NyD;rS ajymonf/todÓPfrJholonf ajymNyD;rS pOf;pm;onf/ á tMuifo[ l m ynm&Smjcif;&JU tcuftcJukd onf;rcHEikd b f ;l qd&k if wpfoufv;kH ynmrJjh cif;uay;wJh tcuftcJawGudk onf;cH&vdrfhr,f/ á ynm[m Opömxufjrufw,f/ ynmu oifhudk apmifha&Smufw,f/ oifu Opömudk apmifh a&Smuf&w,f/ árdru d , kd rf rd d ynm&S[ d k
... ([Zf&oftrk &f)

á tyefyif;rcHbJ ysif;&djcif;ESit hf wl yef;wdik o f Ukd a&muf rnf[k arSsmfvifjh cif;onf rdu k rf jJ cif;\ vu©Pmjzpfonf/ á tm;vyfjcif;udk aESmifzJGUrI ra&mufrD wefzdk;xm;yg/ á ynm&Smwm &Sufp&m r[kwfbl;? bmaMumifhvJ qdk awmh ynmrJUwmuydkNyD; &Sufp&m aumif;vdkUyJ/ á tNrJoHk;pJGaewJh aomh[m ajymifvufvsuf&Sdw,f/ á[&mrf tpm;tpmonf todÓPfudk qkwf,kwfap \/

(armfvmem tAf'kpfpvmrf)