All Chemical Reactions
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All Chemical Reactions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
C + O2 Æ CO2 C + CO2 Æ 2CO 3CO + Fe2O3 Æ 3CO2 + 2Fe CaCO3 Æ CaO + CO2 CaO + SiO2 Æ CaSiO3
Reactions in the Blast Furnace
1. Group 1 Elements (Metals) + H2O Æ Metal OH + Hydrogen Gas 2. Acid + Metal Æ Salt + Hydrogen Gas (Copper, Silver,Gold DO NOT REACT) 3. Acid + Bases Æ Salt + Water (Metal Oxide/Hydroxide) 4. Acid + Carbonate Æ Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide 5. Alkalis (Metal Hydroxide) + Ammonia Salts Æ Ammonia gas + Water + Salt 6. Acidic Oxide + Water Æ Acid 7. Acidic Oxide + Air Æ Acid 8. Acidic Oxide + Alkalis Æ Salt + Water Similar to ACID + BASE Æ SALT + WATER 9. Basic Oxide + Acid Æ Salt + Water Burns in Note: Alkanes can only react with chlorine 10. Hydrocarbon + Air Æ Carbon Dioxide + Water (Substitution) or react with air (Metals) (Water) (Alkaline)
(Combustion). Otherwise, it is unreactive. Science (Chemistry) Full Reactions version 1.5 ©RAY‐Notes 2009 (Hard‐copy)
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Alkane + Chlorine Æ Chloroalkane + HCl (Substitution reaction) Alkene + Bromine Æ Bromoethane (reaction used to test for alkenes) Alkene + Steam Æ Alcohol (Needs Phosporic acid as catalyst, high temp,pressure!) Alkene + Hydrogen Æ Alkane (Needs Nickel Catalyst) Glucose + Yeast Æ Ethanol + CO2 (Fermentation Reaction) Alcohol + Air Æ Carbon Dioxide + water (Combustion reaction) Alcohol OXIDISED Æ Organic Acids + water (Oxidation) Acid + Alcohol Æ Ester + Water (Esterification) Ethanoic Acid + Ethanol Æ Ethyl Ethanoate (Esterification)
Addition Reactions (C=C Bonds in alkenes are broken)
Conditions for Fermentation: ‐ 37oC ‐ Enzymes in yeast ‐ No Oxygen present
Ester
Alkanes Æ Small Alkane + Alkene (Cracking)
Science (Chemistry) Full Reactions version 1.5 ©RAY‐Notes 2009 (Hard‐copy)
C + O2 Æ CO2 C + CO2 Æ 2CO 3CO + Fe2O3 Æ 3CO2 + 2Fe CaCO3 Æ CaO + CO2 CaO + SiO2 Æ CaSiO3
Reactions in the Blast Furnace
1. Group 1 Elements (Metals) + H2O Æ Metal OH + Hydrogen Gas 2. Acid + Metal Æ Salt + Hydrogen Gas (Copper, Silver,Gold DO NOT REACT) 3. Acid + Bases Æ Salt + Water (Metal Oxide/Hydroxide) 4. Acid + Carbonate Æ Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide 5. Alkalis (Metal Hydroxide) + Ammonia Salts Æ Ammonia gas + Water + Salt 6. Acidic Oxide + Water Æ Acid 7. Acidic Oxide + Air Æ Acid 8. Acidic Oxide + Alkalis Æ Salt + Water Similar to ACID + BASE Æ SALT + WATER 9. Basic Oxide + Acid Æ Salt + Water Burns in Note: Alkanes can only react with chlorine 10. Hydrocarbon + Air Æ Carbon Dioxide + Water (Substitution) or react with air (Metals) (Water) (Alkaline)
(Combustion). Otherwise, it is unreactive. Science (Chemistry) Full Reactions version 1.5 ©RAY‐Notes 2009 (Hard‐copy)
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Alkane + Chlorine Æ Chloroalkane + HCl (Substitution reaction) Alkene + Bromine Æ Bromoethane (reaction used to test for alkenes) Alkene + Steam Æ Alcohol (Needs Phosporic acid as catalyst, high temp,pressure!) Alkene + Hydrogen Æ Alkane (Needs Nickel Catalyst) Glucose + Yeast Æ Ethanol + CO2 (Fermentation Reaction) Alcohol + Air Æ Carbon Dioxide + water (Combustion reaction) Alcohol OXIDISED Æ Organic Acids + water (Oxidation) Acid + Alcohol Æ Ester + Water (Esterification) Ethanoic Acid + Ethanol Æ Ethyl Ethanoate (Esterification)
Addition Reactions (C=C Bonds in alkenes are broken)
Conditions for Fermentation: ‐ 37oC ‐ Enzymes in yeast ‐ No Oxygen present
Ester
Alkanes Æ Small Alkane + Alkene (Cracking)
Science (Chemistry) Full Reactions version 1.5 ©RAY‐Notes 2009 (Hard‐copy)
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