Adls Final Research Poster

Ac#vi#es  of  Daily     Living  (ADLs)      

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Background  

ADLs  refer  to  the  general  self-­‐care  tasks   that  an  individual  performs  each  day,   such  as  toile#ng  and  dressing.   ADLs  are  essen#al  for  independent   living  and  are  o@en  used  as  a  tool  by   health  professionals  to  assess  the   current  and  future  abili#es  of  a  pa#ent.     ADLs  become  more  difficult  with  age,   and  while  they  may  be  impaired  at   other  points  of  the  lifespan  by  an  injury,   they  are  most  frequently  studied   among  older  adults.      

Assessment  

In  a  tradi#onal  assessment  of  ADLs,  the   pa#ents  level  of  self-­‐independence  is   evaluated  by  observing  them  in  a   clinical  seGng.     Another  common  method  is  the   magnitude  es#ma#on  technique,  which   creates  a  measure  that  is  comparable   to  the  means  for  func#onal   dependencies  to  help  determine  where   the  pa#ent  falls  in  regards  to  others   their  age.     Social  rhythm  metric,  robo#c  gloves,   and  other  complex  instruments  have   also  been  used  to  examine  ADLs.  

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The  figure  above  visually  shows  the  most  common  types  of   ADLs  that  individuals  in  assisted  living  communi#es  required   help  with.    

References  

1.  Caffrey,  C.  (2012).  Residents  living  in  residen-al  care  facili-es:  United   States,  2010.  U.S.  Dept.  of  Health  and  Human  Services,  Centers  for  Disease   Control  and  Preven#on,  Na#onal  Center  for  Health  Sta#s#cs.   2.  Dogan,  M.,  Kocak,  M.,  Kilinc,  O.,  &  Ayvat,  F.  (2019).  Func#onal  range  of   mo#on  in  the  upper  extremity  and  trunk  joints:  Nine  func#onal  everyday   tasks  with  iner#al  sensors.  Gait  &  Posture,70,  141-­‐147.   3.  Finch,  M.,  Kane,  R.,  &  Phillip,  I.  (1995).  Developing  a  New  Metric  for   ADLs.  Journal  of  the  American  Geriatrics  Society,  43(8),  877-­‐884.   4.  Kim,  H.,  Yoo,  E.,  Jung,  M.,  Kim,  J.,  Park,  J.,  &  Kang,  D.  (2018).  The  effects  of   mental  prac#ce  combined  with  modified  constraint-­‐induced  therapy  on   cor#cospinal  excitability,  movement  quality,  func#on,  and  ac#vi#es  of  daily   living  in  persons    with  stroke.  Disability  &  Rehabilita-on,40(20),   2449-­‐2457.   5.  Poncet,  F.,  Swaine,  B.,  Du#l,  E.,  Chevignard,  M.,  &  Pradat-­‐Diehl,  P.  (2017).   How  do  assessments  of  ac#vi#es  of  daily  living  address  execu#ve  func#ons:   A  scoping  review.  Neuropsychological  Rehabilita-on,  27(5),  618-­‐666.  

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Current  Research  

For  adults  in  the  U.S,  the  most  common   tasks  that  pa#ents  require  help  with   are  bathing,  dressing,  toile#ng,   transferring,  and  ea#ng.     Nearly  4  in  10  adults  living  in  a   residen#al  care  community  in  the  U.S   require  help  with  at  least  3  or  more   ADLs  each  day.     The  most  common  condi#ons    in  the   U.S  that  require  assistance  with  ADLs   are  hypertension,  demen#as,  heart   disease,  depression,  arthri#s,  and   osteoporosis,  respec#vely.    

Relevance  to  the  Field  

ADLs  are  one  of  the  most  important   tools  u#lized  in  health  care  because   they  help  determine  a  pa#ents  living   status  and  whether  or  not  they  are   suited  to  be  living  independently.     Exercises  related  to  ADLs  can  greatly   improve  a  pa#ents  mobility  and  range   of  mo#on.   Older  adults  who  par#cipate  in  ADLs   exercises  of  sufficient  intensity  and   repe##on  have  shown  to  have  a   reduc#on  in  the  risk  of  func#onal   limita#ons  by  almost  50%,  which  helps   promote  independency  and  overall   quality  of  life.