Active Directory - 4

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Trust Relationships

Secure communication paths that allow objects in one domain to be authenticated and accepted in other domains Some trusts are automatically created Parent-child domains trust each other Tree root domains trust forest root domain Other trusts are manually created Forest-to-Forest transitive trust relationships can be created-Windows Server 2003 forests only

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What Are Trusts?

Trust categories

Transitive trusts Nontransitive trusts

Trust directions

One-way incoming incoming trust trust One-way outgoing trust Two-way trust trust

Trust types

Five types of of trusts: Default, Shortcut, External, Forest and Realm

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Trust Relationships in Windows Server 2003 Default Two-way- transitive Kerberos trusts (Intraforest) Shortcut One or two-way transitive Kerberos trusts (Intraforest) Reduce authentication requests External one way non-transitive NTLM trusts. Used to connect to/from Windows NT or external 2000 domains Manually created Forest One or two-way transitive Kerberos trusts. Only between 2003 Forest Roots, Creates transitive domain relationship Realm one or two-way non-transitive Kerberos trusts Connect to/from UNIX Kerberos realms

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ACTIVE DIRECTORY TRUST MODELS

Transitive Trust: If A trusts B

SOFT.COM

ZOOM.COM Forest Root

B trusts C then A trusts C NET.SOFT.COM

MCSE.ZOOM.COM

CCNA.ZOOM.COM

VB.NET.SOFT.COM MCP.MCSE.ZOOM.COM

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Default Trusts

SOFT.COM

NET.SOFT.COM

VB.NET.SOFT.COM

ZOOM.COM Forest Root

MCSE.ZOOM.COM

CCNA.ZOOM.COM

MCP.MCSE.ZOOM.COM

AA Default Default trust: trust: Automatically Automatically Created Created Transitive trust trust Two-way Two-way transitive transitive

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Shortcut Trusts

SOFT.COM

NET.SOFT.COM

ZOOM.COM Forest Root

MCSE.ZOOM.COM

CCNA.ZOOM.COM

Shortcut Shortcut Trust Trust VB.NET.SOFT.COM

Shortcut Shortcut Trust MCP.MCSE.ZOOM.COM

A shortcut trust: trust: Reduces Reduces authentication authentication time time in in complex complex forests forests Is Is partially partially transitive transitive Can Can be be one-way one-way or or two-way two-way

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External Trusts

Forest 2

Forest 1 SOFT.COM

ZOOM.COM

IBM.COM

Forest Root

NET.SOFT.COM

JAVA.SOFT.COM

MCSE.ZOOM.COM

SALES.IBM.COM

IT.IBM.COM

External External Trust Trust An An external external trust trust is: is: AA trust trust that that is is manually manually created created between: between: Two Two Active Active Directory Directory domains domains located in different different forests forests An An Active Active Directory Directory domain domain and and a Windows Windows NT NT 4.0 4.0 or or earlier earlier domain domain Nontransitive Nontransitive One-way One-way

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Forest Trusts

Forest Forest Trust Trust

Forest 2

Forest 1 ZOOM.COM Forest Root

MCP.ZOOM.COM

IBM.COM SOFT.COM

Forest Root SALES.IBM.COM

MCSE.ZOOM.COM

IT.IBM.COM

JAVA.SOFT.COM

A forest trust trust is a trust between two two Windows Server 2003 forests Forms the trust relationships relationships between between every domain domain in both forests Is created between the forests forests involved in in the trust Is transitive transitive for all of the domains domains in the forests

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Realm Trusts

AA realm trust: trust: Is a trust trust between between aa Kerberos realm realm and and an an Active Active Directory Directory domain domain Can Can be be transitive transitive or or nontransitive nontransitive Can Can be be one-way one-way or twotwoway way

ZOOM.COM

MCSE.ZOOM.COM

CCNA.ZOOM.COM

MCP.MCSE.ZOOM.COM

Realm Realm Trust Trust

Kerberos Realm

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Domain and Forest Functional Levels

Functional levels determine Supported domain controller operating system Active Directory features will be available Domain functional levels can be raised independently of other Domains Raising

forest

functional

level

is

performed

by

Enterprise Admin Requires

all Domain

Windows

2000

Functional levels to be

native or Windows Server

at

2003

functional levels

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Domain Functional Levels

Windows 2000 Mixed ModeNT4, Windows 2000 or WS03 DCs

Domain Controller (Windows Server 2003)

Domain Controller (Windows 2000)

Domain controller (Windows NT 4.0)

Windows 2000 Native ModeNo NT 4 DCs

Domain Controller (Windows Server 2003)

Domain Controller (Windows 2000)

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Domain Functional Levels

Windows Server 2003 InterimNo 2000 DCs

Domain Controller (Windows Server 2003)

Domain controller (Windows NT 4.0)

Windows Server 2003 Server LevelAll WS03 DCs

Domain Controller (Windows Server 2003)

Domain Controller (Windows Server 2003)

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Forest Functional Levels

Forest Functional Level Windows 2000 (default) Windows Server 2003 Interim Windows Server 2003 Server

Domain Controllers Supported Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003 Windows NT 4.0, Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2003

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