A Study On V. M

ImSn-\p-’hw DS-en-\p-’hw at\mPv Ipdq¿ H∂vv kv{Xo]-T-\-ß-fpsS kao-]-Im-e-[m-cm-fnØw Ah-bpsS hyh-lm-c-a-WvU-esØ s]mXpsh k¶o¿W-am-°p-∂p. kv{Xobp-sSbpw {]Ir-Xn-bp-sSbpw Zfn-X-s‚bpw {]iv\߃ ssIImcyw sNøp∂ ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-I-˛-kv{Xo-hmZw t]mse-bp≈ hnj-b-°-e¿∏p-Iƒ kaq-l-Øn-s‚bpw kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw s]mXp-hmb A[n-Im-c-L-S\ ]pcp-j-tI-{µn-X-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hn¬\n-∂p≠m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. kv{Xohn-th-N\w Poh-im-kv{X-]-c-a-√, kmaq-ln-I-am-sW∂ Cu Xncn-®-dnhn¬ kv{XoIƒ A[n-Im-c-Øns‚ a‰v Cc-Isf°qSn Dƒs°m-≈p∂ hnim-e-amb ap∂-Wn-bn¬ Dƒs∏Sp-∂-Xn-\m¬ hnj-b-Øns‚ hym]vXnbpw h¿[n-°p-∂p-≠v. F¶nepw GXp kv{Xohy-h-lm-c-sØbpw \n¿h-N-\o-b-am-°p∂ bm{¥n-Iamb Hcp-Xcw kmam-\y-h-XvI-cWw kn≤m-¥-ß-fpsS {]tbm-K-]-cnk-csØ AS-°n-`-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂p tXm∂p-∂p. {]iv\-ß-fpsS Xo{h-X-bn¬\n∂v Hfn-®p-t]m-Im-sXXs∂ kn≤m-¥-]-T-\-ß-fpsS ap≥hn-[n-Isf adn-I-S-°p-I-sb-∂Xv kv{Xo]-£-hy-h-lm-c-ßsf kw_-‘n® sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Ip-∂p. kv{Xohm-Z-Øns‚ kn≤m-¥-]-£-ØmWv hn. Fw. Kncn-P-bpsS Ihn-X-I-fp-sSbpw \ne. DS¬sam-gn-I-fpsS kar-≤n, kv{Xoenw-K-hm-Nn-bmb BJym-Xm-hv, \nc-¥cw kwt_m-[\ sNø-s∏Sp∂ A[n-Im-c-cq-]-amb ]pcp-j-Xzw, ]pcm-W-I-Y-I-fpsS Dt±-iym-[n-jvTn-X-amb ]p\¿\n¿an-Xn F∂n-ßs\ s^an-\n-k-Øns‚ hyh-lm-c-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ an°Xpw Kncn-P-bpsS Ihn-X-Iƒ°p-≠v. Adn-hn-s‚bpw A\p-`-h-Øn-s‚bpw Xe-Øn¬ GI-kz-c-tI-{µn-X-amb ]pcp-j-Xz-Øn-s\-Xnsc _lpkz-c-amb kv{XoXzwsIm≠p≈ {]Xn-tcm-[-amWv Ah-bpsS cmjv{So-bw. kqNn-°-Æn-te-bv°p-\ofp∂ ]pcp-j-tI-{µn-X-amb GIm-{K-X-sb cq]-]-chpw {]ta-b-]-c-hp-ambn NnX-dn-ho-gp∂ _lpXzw sIm≠v Ah {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂p. FXn¿°-s∏-tS≠ Hc-[n-Im-c-cq-]-sØbpw Imw£n-°s∏-tS-≠ Hcm-Z¿i-h-XvIr-X-cq-]-sØbpw Htc-k-abw {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-XmWv Cu Ihn-X-I-fneqsS kwt_m-[\ sNø-s∏-Sp∂ ]pcp-j-Xzw. {]Wbw Hcm¬_w, Poh-Pew F∂o-k-am-lm-c-ßfnse Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Cu Ah-ÿ-bpsS Zf-ssh-hn[yw ImWmw. A\p-`-h-߃°p \¬Ip∂ khnti-j-amb C{µn-bXzw kv{Xobp-tSXp am{X-amb Nne temI-ß-fp-s≠∂p km£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb∂pw hcmw. Aßs\ ImgvN-bp-sSbpw tIƒhn-bp-sSbpw kv]¿i-K-‘-cp-Nn-I-fp-sSbpw Cu Ihn-X-Iƒ DSens‚ D’-h-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. ‘]d-bp-hm-s\-¥n-S-bn¬ Cubp-S¬h-Sn-hp-I-f-√msX’ (s]Æpw h\-E-j-`-hpw). c≠v {]Wbw Hcm¬_-Ønse ]e Ihn-X-Iƒ°pw ]pXp-I-hn-X-bn¬ s]mXpsh ImWmØ ssZ¿Lyhpw BJym-\-kz-`m-h-hp-ap-≠v. CXn¬ ]pcp-jm-[n-]-Xy-]-c-amb hnizm-k-an-YyIsf s]mfn-s®-gp-Xp-∂-Xn\v s^an-\n-Ãp-Iƒ ^e-{]-Z-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≈ ]pcm-hr-Ø-ßfpsS ]p\-cm-Jym\w (revisionist myth making) F∂ kt¶Xw ]pXp-I-hn-X-bn¬ A\yw-\n-∂p-t]mb hg°-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. tem]m-ap-{Zbpw iq¿∏-WJbpw Ip¥nbpw Ip_vPbpw shdpw ]p\-cm-Jym-\-ß-f√. kv{XoXz-Øns‚ kmam-\y-Xbn¬\n∂v AS¿Øn-sb-SpØp \n¿an®sX¶nepw hy‡y-\p-`-hØns‚ hnti-jXbpw Ah-bv°p-≠v. tem]m-ap{Z \m´n¬ hf¿∂-hfpw ImSns\ hcn-®-h-fp-am-Wv. ]pd-ta-\n∂p ImSv Ah-fntebv°p {]th-in-°p-∂p. ‘Xqa-™n¬ \\™ h\w Nqgv∂p-Nq-gvs∂-s∂-s∏m-Xn-bp-∂p.’ Ah-fpsS AIhpw ImSp-X-s∂. ‘\oe-R-c-ºp-I-fn¬ IpXn-t®m-Sp∂p ImSn≥ lcnXw hnemkw’ Ah-fpsS Ima-\-Ifpw ImSv. ‘ ico-c-Øn¬ GIm-¥-cm-{Xn-bn¬˛ ∏qhnSpw Im´-tim-I-߃X≥ K‘-ap-W-cp∂p’

2 Ahƒ \mK-cn-I-amb B`-c-W-߃ AWn-bp-∂-Xp-t]mepw ImSn-\m¬ Agn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\m-Wv. ]t£ h\-hm-kn-sb-¶nepw \K-c-Øns‚ CjvS-°m-c-\mWv AK-kvXy≥. \-K-c-hn-]n-\-ß-fpsS aqey߃ ]c-kv]cw ssIam-dn-sb-SpØ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw CjvS-ß-fpsS s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sn¬\n∂v tem]m-ap{Z-bpsS A¿≤-\m-co-iz-c-amb {]Ir-Xn-\-S-\-Imw-£-bn-emWv IhnX Ahkm\n°p-∂-Xv. tem]m-ap-{ZbpsS D≈nse h\y-Xbpw AK-kvXys‚ ico-c-h-\y-Xbpw tN¿∂-XmWv Cu A¿≤-\m-co-iz-c-k-¶ev]w. ImSpw \mSpw XΩn-ep≈ Zqc-Øns‚ Af-hp-Iƒ XpS-°-Øn-ep-≈-Xnepw s]cp-Ip∂ a‰p Ihn-XI-fn¬\n∂p tem]m-ap{Z amdn-\n-ev°p-∂p. ImSns\ hcn® tem]m-ap-{Z-bn¬\n∂p hyXy-kvX-bmWv \K-c-Øns‚ {]mW-\mb cmas\ Imw£n-°p∂ iq¿∏-W-J. ImSn\v Imahpw {]W-bhpw H∂m-sW-¶nepw Chsb c≠m-bn-°m-Wp-∂XmWv \K-cØ - ns‚ sshIm-cn-Ii - o-ew. Idp-ºnbpw ImS-Øn-bp-amb iq¿∏-WJ - b - n¬ Xmt\ apf-bv°p∂ Im´p-sN-Sn-bmWv {]W-bw. ssieo-h-Xv°-cn-°-s∏´ \K-c-Po-hn-X-Øn\v Kpcp-kq-‡n-I-fn¬\n∂p ]Tns®-Sp-t°≠ cXn-hn-Zym-⁄m-\-Øn-emWv Iºw. Npw_-\-ß-fn¬t∏mepw ap{Zm-h-Snhp ]pe¿tØ-≠p∂ {]W-b-Øn\v iq¿∏-WJ A\y-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Cc koX-bm-W-s√m. Xncn-®-dn-b-s∏-SmØ iq¿∏-WJ-bpsS˛ ImSn-s‚˛ AwK-߃ hnIr-X-am-°-∏-Sp-∂p. A¿÷p-\\pw Nn{Xbpw CØ-c-Øn¬Øs∂ Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \K-c-Im-\-\-{]-Xo-I-ß-fm-Ip∂p. Ip¥n \K-c-Øn¬ ]nd-∂-hfpw {]Ir-Xn-tZ-hX-Isf hcn-®-h-fp-am-Wv. \mSpw ImSpw Ahsb {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-]m-{Xßfpw ]ckv]cw amdp-tºm-gpw, Hcn-°epw ]c-kv]cw Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-ImsXt]mIptºmgpw, At\ym\yw Imw£n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Cu ÿe-cm-in-Iƒ°p Ign-bp-∂n-√. Cu Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Hcn-°epw k^-eo-Icn-°-s∏-SmØ ]c-kv]-c-Imw-£-bmbn \K-c-Im-\-\-߃ s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sns‚ CXn-lm-k-_nw-_-ß-fmIp-∂p. Cu ]pcm-hr-Ø-ß-sfm-∂pw, Ah s]mfn-®p-]-WnXhbm-b-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ka-Im-en-I-Po-hnX-Øn\v A\y-am-Ip-∂n-√. ]g-b-I-Y-bnse Ip_vP ]pXnb Ime-Øns‚ BJym-Xm-hm-Wv. ImcWw ]gb Ip_vP kzbw-k-a¿∏-W-Øn-eqsS Ipfn-cmbn, lcn-X-am-bn, Xnf-ßp∂ apJ-ambn amdp-∂p-sh¶n¬ ]pXnb Ip_vP \mS-Io-b-amb ]cn-Wm-a-Kp-]vXn-I-fn-√mØ t\m°p-Ip-Øn-bpsS \n›-e-X-bn-tebvs°m-Sp-ßp-∂p. A‘-\mb [rX-cm-jv{Scpw A‘-Xsb hcn® Km‘m-cnbpw BJym-Xm-°-fm-Ip∂ A‘¿ ]c-kv]cw F∂ Ihn-Xb - n¬ Ah¿ hyXy-kvXc - m-Ip-∂Xv A\p-`h - ß - t- fm-Sp≈ kao-]\ØnemWv. ASp-∏hpw AI-ehpw Htc kabw Adn-bp-∂-h-cm-W-h¿. s]mcpØw sImXn-s®-¶nepw s]mcp-Øt°-Sns‚ B[n-Iy-Øn¬ Km‘mcn Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p: ‘ A‘-an-gn-I-fn¬ X∏n AI-∂p-t]m-Imt\ Ign-bp-∂p≈p \mw \nXy-\-c-I-Øn¬ arXyp-h-tcbv°pw _‘n-X¿.’ Gsd-Øn-c-°p-s≈m-cmƒ F∂ Ihn-X-bn¬ khn-ti-j-amb `mj-bmWv ]pcm-hr-Ø-kq-N-\-bmIp-∂-Xv. ‘C∂-hs‚ ImeSn Igp-In-sb≥ apSn-bm¬ tXm¿Øn°pw kpK‘w NqSn°pw’ iq¿∏-W-J, tem]m-ap-{Z, im]w,iq\y-X,Imaw, Ien-\new F∂o Ihn-X-I-fn¬ ]pcm-hr-Ø-]cm-a¿iw t\cn´p \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Cu hcn-I-fn¬ AXv {Inb-I-fn-eqsS aKvZ-e-\sb Hm¿an-∏n°p∂ DZm-Ø-am-Ip-∂p. IqSmsX IS¬ IS-°p-tºmƒ, IS-en¬ ⁄m\-kv\m\w F∂n-h-bn¬ BZ¿ih-XvI-cn-°-s∏´ ]pcp-jXzw Aeu-In-I-amb {InkvXp-cq-]-am-Ip-∂Xpw ImWmw. ‘\ns‚ Im¬°o-gn-eo-b_v[n IÆm-Sn-∏m-X-bm-bnSpw ’ (Po-h-P-ew)

aq∂v CXn-lm-k-ß-tfmSp am{X-a√ kao-]-Im-e-hy-h-lm-c-ß-tfmSpw ]mTm-¥-c-_‘w ]pe¿Øp∂ Nne Ihn-XIfp≠v. Ah-bnse t\¿Ø-sX-¶n-ep-ap≈ \¿ahpw aqe-Ir-Xn-bpsS cq]-]-c-amb Nne khntij-X-Iƒ \ne-\n¿Øn-s°m-≠p-Xs∂ D≈-S°w hyXy-kvX-am-°p∂ X{¥hpw ]mc-Un-bpsS Cc-´-kz-c-sa∂p anJmtb¬ _mJvXn≥ kqNn-∏n® [z\n-km-[y-X-I-fn-te°p sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p-≠v.

3 Htc kXyw ]e-Xmbn BJym\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Ipd-tkmhkn\n-asb Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂ Xe-s°-´n¬ ]e-Xmbn amdp∂ agsb kn\n-a-bm-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp In\mhp ]Ip-°p-I-bmWv dmsjm-tam¨ F∂ Ihn-X. Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ D≈nse Ihn-Xbpw Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ sImXn-°p∂ D]-I-c-W-Ønse Ihn-Xbpw (‘Iym-ad Ihntbm?’) ChnsS H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Ip-∂p. Adn-bm-sØm-cm-fn¬ Aø-∏s‚ IhnXsb Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂ hcn-I-fn-eqsS BZ¿im-fl-I-{]-W-b-Øns‚ kao-]-Im-e-Im-hy-_nw-_w-Iq-Snbmb hm≥tKm-Kns\ kv{XoenwK-am-°p-∂p ( ‘kvt\ln-°m-tØm\v sNhn-ap-dn-®p-Ω-tbm-sSm∏w \¬In’). X®≥ aI-tfm-Sv, Xcp-X-e-Øn¬, \√ ssla-h-X-`q-hn¬, amwk-\n-_-≤tam cmKw, ao≥,am\w, Im´n¬ Xfn¿t]m¬ F∂n-ßs\ Ht´sd Ihn-X-I-fn¬ IrXn, I¿Øm-hv, IYm-]m{Xw F∂o \ne-I-fn-ep≈ ]mTm-¥-c-_-‘-߃ Htc kabw kmwkvIm-cn-I-N-cn-{X-tØmSpw ka-Im-en-I-Po-hn-X-tØm-Sp-ap≈ {]XnI-c-W-߃ IqSn-bm-Ip-∂p.

\mev {]W-b-sØbpw Ima-sØbpw s]¨Im-gvN-bpsS XmZm-flo-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw B¨Im-gvNbpsS A\y-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-eq-sSbpw \n¿h-Nn-°m\pw hymJym-\n-°m-\p-ap≈ {ia-߃ Kncn-P-bpsS Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. iq¿∏-W-J-bn¬ {]W-bhpw Imahpw H∂m-Wv. tem]m-ap-{Z-bn¬ ]p{X≥ ]nd-°m≥ am{Xw cXn-bn-te¿s∏-tS-≠p∂ Imaw {]W-b-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ XymK-am-Wv. HØp-Xo¿°-en\pw sacp-°n-sb-Sp-°-en-\p-ap≈ \K-c-h-g-°-ßsf t`Zn-°p∂ h\y-amb B{I-a-W-tijn-bmWv Nn{X-bn-e-Xv. sNdnb Icn-]p-c≠ temI-Ønse kv{XobpsS kz]v\-Øn¬ ]mXn-bp-d-ßnb Ip™ns\ X≈n-am‰n Ah-Imiw ÿm]n-°mØ Ah-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kz]v\w Ima-Øn-s‚bpw {]Wb-Øn-s‚bpw hm’-ey-Øn-s‚bpw am{X-a-√, CX-c-`u-Xn-Im-h-iy-ß-fpsSIqSn k^-eo-I-c-W-sØ-°pdn-®m-Wv. ‘Ce°pºnfn¬ shbnepw \nemhpw ag-∏-fp¶pw tam¥n hnS-cp∂q {]Wbw’ (H-‰) F∂ k¶ev]w Imev]-\n-Iambn al-Xz-h-XvIcn°-s∏-´Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ {]W-b-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞yw iI-eo-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. \ndhpw aWhpw sht∆-sd-bm°n {]W-b-Øns‚ ]I¿∏p-Iƒ ]e-sX∂p hnizm-I-c≥ ˛A-bmƒ ]pcp-j-\m-Wv˛hnØn-t\mSp ]d-™pthm F∂pXs∂ kwi-bn-t°≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p({]-W-b-∏-I¿∏v). BZ¿im-fl-I-amb {]W-b-t_m-[-Øn-eq-∂nb kv{XoXzw \nc-¥cw apdn-th¬∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p(Zm-º-Xyw, im]w,-iq-\y-X,-Im-aw). {]Imi-c-ivan-bn¬°b-dn-t∏mepw Ah-\n¬\n-∂-I-em≥ sImXn-°p-tºmgpw AXn-\m-hmsX hcp-∂-XmWv CXns‚ BXy-¥n-I-Zp-c-¥w. AI-se-bm-bn-cp-∂-tXm-tcm∂pw ASp-Øm-hp-tºmƒ Ah-s\-Øs∂ Hm¿an∏n-°p-∂p. Xpf-°-∏-en¬°-bdn IS-ep-I-S-°m≥ ]pd-s∏-´-hƒ°v Ah-\n-tebv°p aS-ßp-Itbm PeØn-sem-Sp-ßp-Itbm am{X-amWp hn[n(A-ssZz-Xw). Aßs\ {]Wbw c£-s∏-Sm-\m-hmØ Hcp Zpc¥-am-Ip-∂p. ]t£ Ahƒ Imw£n-°p∂ ‘AXv ’{]W-b-{]-I-S-\-Øns‚ ]Xn-hp-ssi-enIfn¬\n-∂pamdn _mey-Øns‚ A{X-ta¬ \n¿a-e-amb Hc-\p-`-h-Øn¬\n∂p e`n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Ahƒ tNmZn-°p∂p: ‘Ip´n-°m-e-h-gn-I-fn¬ H‰-bvs°m-cm-fp-an-√msX \S∂v ho´n-te-s°m-gp-Ip-tºmƒ Hcp-an-s®-Øp∂ Ip\p-¥p-N-{µ-\mbv FSp-Øv -\o-bXp Xcptam?’(A-Xv) AXns‚ CSw ‘Ahn-S’-am-Wv. AhnsS \n»-_vZ-X-bpsS s\Sp-ho¿∏n¬ Ah-t\m-sSmØp InS-°p-sa-¶nepw AXp Ima-]q-c-W-Øn-\-√. ]t£ hnc¬am{Xw hnc-en¬t°m¿Øp InS-°p-∂Xv icoc-Øn-\-∏p-dsØ as‰-¥nse¶n-ep-a√ ico-c-kv]¿i-Øns‚ kq£va-X-bn¬Ø-s∂-bmWv Du∂p-∂-Xv. AhnsS Bflo-b-am-sb-s¥-¶n-ep-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXp kzmX-{¥y-am-Wv. ‘AhnsS hcpw Rm≥, ae-tb-dn-sbm-cm-fn-√m˛ t°mhn-en-se-Øn˛ Øe-Nm-bv°pw-t]mse’(A-hnsS hcs´?)

4

A©v ]pcp-j≥ kwkvIm-c-hp-ambpw kv{Xo {]Ir-Xn-bp-ambpw _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Ct°m˛s^an-\nÃv ho£Ww t_m[-]-ctam At_m-[-]-ctam Bbn Kncn-P-bpsS Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p≠v. ]pcm-hr-Øm-Jym-\-ß-fmb Ihn-X-I-fn¬ am{X-a√ Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sp-≈-Xv. H∂p Xncn-™p-In-S-∂m¬ Acn-IØ - p-≈h - c - p-Wc - p∂^vfm‰n¬, Acn-In-ep-dß - p-∂b - mƒt]mepw sXm´-cn-In-se-bm-fpsS lrZbw IWnIm-WmØ \K-c-Ønse ao\-®q-Sn¬ hmXn¬Xp-d∂v Ipfn¿hn-c-ep-Iƒ \o´n-h-cp∂ {]Ir-Xn-bn-e-`n-c-an°m-\p≈ taml-Øn-e-Xp-≠v(\-K-c-hn-jp). ÿnc-X-bp-sSbpw XS-hn-s‚bpw {]Xo-I-amb ac-am-bn-cp-∂psh-¶nepw kzmX-{¥y-sØbpw A\p-`-h-ssh-hn-[y-sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ t_m[y-Øn¬ ]S¿®-bn-eqsS BIm-i-sØbpw ASn-th-cn-eqsS ]pg-sbbpw angnbpw sNhnbpw Iq¿∏n®v D’-h-sØbpw Imw£n®p-sh-¶nepw Xm≥Xs∂ `qX-Im-e-am-sW∂pw sIm®n-bn¬ hr£w-Xs∂ Ihn-X-bn¬am-{X-ta-bp-≈psh-∂-XmWv h¿Ø-am-\-sa∂pw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xnepw Cu t_m[-ap-≠v (a-c-am-bn-cp∂p Rm≥). NnecpsS am{Xw kzmX-{¥y-am-Ip-∂-Xn-eqsS a‰p- Nn-e¿°v D’-hw-t]mepw XS-hm-Ip-∂p-sh∂ Xncn-®-dnhn¬ D’hw kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb A[n-Im-c-cq-]-am-Ip-∂p. ‘Ahn-sS-bn-√t√m Idp-sØm-cp-h\pw ssZhw t]mepw... ]i-a-Æn¬ Ipg-®-h¿ ]pI-]n-Sn-®n-cp-≠-h¿ ]tc-X-∑m¿ Ae-bp∂p aXn¬sI-´n≥ ]pd-ß-fn¬...’(-D-’-h-߃)

Bdv Cu Ihn-X-I-fn-te-sdbpw BJym\w sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv kwt_m-[-\m-]-c-amb a[y-a-]p-cp-j-\neq-sS-bm-Wv. kwt_m-[-\-bn-eqsS tIƒhn-°m-c-\mb Hcp A]-c-kzXzw \n¿an-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu A]-ckz-Xz-amb Ah≥ IrXy-ambn \n¿h-Nn-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-h-\m-Wv. ‘ Ah-s\-∂m¬ Ibw, Npgn, `qan hngpßpw A¥n-a-{]-fbw’ (Np-g-en) ]t£ Ahsf \n¿h-Nn-°pI A{X Ffp-∏-a-√. ‘Ahƒ°p-ap-≠mhmw Ie¿∏p-Iƒ hnj-s∏m-Sn-∏p-Iƒ emhm-{]-hm-l-߃...’(-Np-g-en) Ah-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Xo¿®-bp-sSbpw Ahsf kw_-‘n® Xo¿®-bn-√m-bva-bp-sSbpw hymI-c-W-hn-tij-߃ {i≤n-°p-I. Ihn-X-bnse BJym-Xmhv Cu A]-c-kz-XzsØ kwt_m-[-\-sN-øp-Ibpw AXns\ Imw£n°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ASp-°p-t¥mdpw AI-ep-Ibpw Hs∂∂p Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂ s]mXp-L-S-I߃t]mepw Iq´n-t®¿°m-\m-Im-Ø-hn[w ]nf¿°-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂p Xncn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ‘\n\-°p-th-≠Xv Hcp-InÆw tNmdpw Hcp ]m{Xw ho™p-sa∂v Rm\-dn-bp-tºm-tgbv°pw \o A...-I...-ep...-∂p...’(-k-am-¥-cw) AI-ep∂p F∂ hm°nse A£-c-ß-fpsS CS-hn-´p≈ hn\ymkw hm°n-\p≈ A¿∞-sØ-°mƒ AIew ÿe-Øn-eqsS kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Kncn-P-bpsS Ihn-X-I-sf√mw Htc Xcw BJym\w ]n≥]-‰p-∂-h-b-√. BJym-Xm-°-fpsS hy‡nssh-hn-[yØneqsS kzc-ssh-hn-[yw {]ISn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw DZm-l-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. Rm≥- ˛-\o (tem]m-ap{Z,-iq¿∏-W-J, Zmº-Xyw, H‰, shbn¬\n-em-hv, tijw, a’y-I-\y-I, Zml-Pew Xnc-bp∂ ]pg,-\m-K-aWn, Ibw), Ahƒ-˛-A-h≥ (-Nn-{X, sNdnb Icn ]pc≠ temIsØ kv{XobpsS kz]v\w,-Ip-_vP, Adn-bm-sØm-cmƒ, htµ amX-cw), Ah≥-˛-A-hƒ ( X®≥ aI-tfm-Sv), \o˛-A-h≥ (P-\¬), Ah≥(¿)˛-Rm≥ (Ip-¥n, Gsd-Øn-c-°p-s≈m-cmƒ, anYy, am¿°-WvtU-b≥, aS-°w), Rm≥(-temIw t]mse, ag) F∂nh Cu sshhn-[y-ßsf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p.

5 kv{Xobp-sSbpw {]Ir-Xn-bp-sSbpw ssIam‰w sNø-s∏´ DS-ep-I-fpsS lcn-X-kp-K-‘-k-ar≤n Cu Ihn-X-I-fpsS s]mXp-hmb C{µn-b-XzsØ \n¿W-bn-°p-∂p. lcn-X-hr-£-߃, kpK-‘-]p-jv]߃, arK-߃, ]£n-Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ncm-N-c-h-\yX s]Æp-S-ens‚ h\yX-tbmSp tN¿∂v ASn-t®-ev]n-°-s∏´ \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS BS-bm-`-c-W-ß-fn¬\n∂v hnSpXn t\Sp-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂p. ]t£ Icn-]p-c≠ ho´p-]-cn-k-c-Øp-\n-∂pw, H∂p \nh¿∂p-In-S-∂m¬ Npa-cp-Iƒ ssIbn¬Ø-S-bp∂ ^vfm‰n¬\n∂pw, ASp-°m≥ {ian-°p-tºmƒ AI-ep-Ibpw AI-ep-tºmƒ A[n-Im-c-cq-]-ambn ASp-sØ-Øp-IbpwsNøp∂ Ah-\n¬\n-∂pw˛ H∂pw tamN\w km[y-am-Ip-∂n√. CuAXr-]vXnsb kv{Xo-Xz-Øns‚ BZ¿i-h-XvI-c-W-sa-∂-√, {]Ir-Xn-bp-am-bn-t®¿∂p-sIm≠p \n¿h-ln-°p∂ imco-cn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-Ihpw `mh-\m-]-c-hp-amb kzXz-{]-Jym-]-\sa∂mWp hmbnt°-≠-Xv. at\mPv Ipdq¿ sNdnb Ipdq¿ ]md-ºpg ]n. H. tIm´bw 686 032