9a_jingsong Archaeology In China 90

Archaeology in China 90. The tombs at Astana. Turpan, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. 500 noble tombs of the Gaochang State, documents, silk fabrics, painted clay and wooden sculptures. From the Western Jin to the Tang Dynasty, 3rd–8th century. – Robbed by A. Stein and others in the 1920s; excavated by Xinjiang Regional Museum, etc. from 1959 on. 91. The capital Shangjing Longquanfu of the Bohai State of the Tang Dynasty. Ningan county, Heilongjiang Province. Outer city, palace city, palaces, gates, Buddhist temples. 756–926 AD. – Excavated by the Japanese in 1933 and 1934; by IA, CASS; Heilongjiang Provincial ICRA in the 1960s, the 1980s, the 1990s. 92. Two mausoleums of the Southern Tang State. Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Mausoleums of two kings and their wives. 600 burial accessories, including pottery statues, jade funerary eulogiums. The Ten Kingdoms, 943 and 962 AD. – Excavated by Nanjing Musuem in 1950 and 1951. 93. The tombs of the Northern Song Dynasty at Baisha. Yuxian county, Henan Province. Three brick tombs with engraved fresco walls in imitation of a wooden construction. Around 1099 AD. – Excavated by Henan Provincial Committee of Cultural Relics’ Protection; IA, CASS in 1951. 94. The Tomb of a princess of the Chen State in the Liao Dynasty. Naiman, Zhelimu, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Tomb of a princess and her husband. More than 1000 burial accessories, including two complete burial suits made of gold and silver. 1018 AD. – Excavated by the Inner Mongolia Regional ICRA in 1986.

89

95. The Longquan kiln site. Longquan county, Zhejiang Province. Kilns from the Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, including 60 kilns of the Song. Different kinds of porcelains. 10th–17th century AD. – Excavated by IA, CASS; the Museum of Chinese History; Zhejiang Provincial ICRA, etc. from 1959 to 1983. 96. The Yaozhou kiln site. Tongchuan, Shaanxi Province. Kilns from the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, more than 100 kilns. 7th–17th century AD. – Excavated by the Palace Museum; IA, CASS; Shaanxi Provincial ICRA from the 1950s to the 1990s. 97. The mausoleums of the Western Xia. Yinchuan, Ningxia Autonomous Region. Royal graveyard, 9 mausoleums, 206 attendant tombs, 16 tablet pavilions. 1038–1277 AD. – Excavated by Ningxia Regional ICRA from the 1970s on. 98. The capital of the Guge State. Zhada county, Tibet Autonomous Region. 445 houses, 879 kilns, 58 forts, 28 Buddhist towers, 5 Buddhist halls, palace, hall for discussing public affairs, and tombs have been found. The middle of 10th century–1630 AD. – Excavated by Tibet Regional Committee of Cultural Relics’ Protection in 1985. 99. The capital Dadu of the Yuan Dynasty. Beijing. Capital city, main streets and roads, barbican entrance. 1267–1368 AD. – Excavated by IA, CASS in the 1960s and the 1970s. 100. The Ding Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty. Beijing. One of the 13 mausoleums of the emperors. Royal graveyard, sacred road, ceremonial constructions. 1586–1591. – Excavated by IA, CASS from 1956 to 1958.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Allan, S., 1991: The Shape of the Turtle: Myth, Art, and Cosmos in Early China, New York (State University of New York Press). Bagley, R.W., 1987: Shang Ritual Bronzes in the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, Cambridge, Mass. (Harvard University Press). Chang, K.C., 1980: Shang Civilization, New Haven (Yale University Press). – 1986a: The Archaeology of Ancient China, New Haven, London (Yale University Press). – 1986b: Studies of Shang Archaeology: Selected Papers from the International Conference on Shang Civilization, New Haven, London (Yale University Press). Chen, S., 1994: Early Urbanization in the Eastern Zhou in China (770–221 BC): an Archaeological View, Antiquity 68, Cambridge. Dien, A.E., Riegel, J.K. & Price, N.T., 1985: Chinese Archaeological Abstracts, Los Angeles. Editorial Board of the Chinese Encyclopaedia. 1986: The Chinese

Encyclopaedia–Archaeology, Beijing (The Chinese Encyclopaedia Press). Hsu, C.Y. & Linduff, K.M., 1988: Western Chou Civilization, New Haven (Yale University Press). Li, X.Q., 1985: Eastern Zhou and Qin Civilization, New Haven (Yale University Press). – 1995: Chinese Bronzes – A General Introduction, Beijing (Foreign Languages Press). Li, X.Q. & Allan, S., 1995: Chinese Bronzes: A Selection from European Collections, Beijing (Cultural Relics Press). Lu, L.C., 1993: Chariot and Horse Burials in Ancient China, Antiquity 67, Cambridge. Rawson, J., 1987: Chinese Bronze: Art and Ritual, London (British Museum Press). – 1990: Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, Cambridge, Mass. (Harvard University Press). – 1993: Ancient Chinese Ritual Bronzes: the Evidence from

90

Acta Archaeologica

Tombs and Hoards of the Shang (C, 1500–1050 BC) and Western Zhou (C, 1050–771 BC) Periods, Antiquity 67, Cambridge. – 1995: Chinese Jade from the Neolithic to the Qing, London (British Museum Press). – 1996: Mysteries of Ancient China: New Discoveries from the Early Dynasties, London (British Museum Press). Shaughnessy, E.L., 1991: Sources of Western Zhou History: Inscribed Bronze Vessels, Berkeley (University of California Press). Shaughnessy, E.L. & Loewe, M., 1999: The Cambridge History of Ancient China: from the Origins of Civilization to 221 BC, Cambridge (Cambridge University Press).

Author’s address: The Institute of Archaeology at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences No. 27 Wang Fu Jing Da Jie Beijing 100710 PR China jingsongshi/yahoo.com.cn

So, J., 1995: Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, Cambridge, Mass. (Harvard University Press). The Institute of Archaeology at the Chinese Academy of Social ciences. 1984: The Archaeological Finds and Research in China, Beijing (Cultural Relics Press). Tsuo, P.Y., Tang, P.W. & Stockwell, F., 1984: Recent Discoveries in Chinese Archaeology: 28 Articles by Chinese Archaeologists Describing Their Excavations, Beijing (Foreign Languages Press). Wang, C.S. & Chang, K.C., 1982: Han Civilization, New Haven (Yale University Press).