7th Grade History Ms. Pang

7th Grade History Ms. Pang Adopted from Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY

The Geography of Rome

Italy in 750 BCE

The Etruscans  Influenced Roman writing, religion & architecture  Ruled Rome between 616-509 BCE

The Myth of Rome: Romulus & Remus •Aeneas migrated from Troy to Italy •Two of his descendants, Romulus and Remus, were abandoned by an evil uncle in the flooded Tiber River •A kindly she-wolf found them and nursed them to health •The boys grew strong and courageous and in 753 B.C., Romulus founded the city of Rome and established himself as its first king

Patricians vs Plebians

The Common People Wealthy Landowners

Patricians rebelled and defeated the Etruscan King in 509 BCE. Patricians & Plebians struggled to create a Republic of elected officials, together.

Tripartite Republican Government 2 Consuls

(Rulers of Rome)

Senate

(Representative body for patricians)

Tribal Assembly

(Representative body for plebeians)

Benefits of a Republican Government

 Written Constitution citizens could approve or reject laws  Tripartite Government equal representation

 Checks & Balances Political power equally distributed between Patricians and Plebians

Legacy of Roman Republic • Art • Architecture • Engineering • Language • Law and Justice

The Roman Forum

The Center of Rome

Roman Art

MOSAICS

ROMAN STYLE of Sculpture

Roman Roads: “All Roads Lead to Rome”

Roman Roads still exist today in parts of Europe! They built 53,000 miles of road!

Roman Aqueducts

Perfected this system used to transport water.

The Roman Colosseum

Does this OPEN AIR STADIUM remind you of the L.A. Coliseum?

Domes

Can you see the Roman influence in our US Capitol building?

Latin Root Words, Our Alphabet, Roman Numerals …

The Latin language used by the Romans is a legacy that we use EVERYDAY.

Roman Law & Justice

• Natural Law

– Every person has rights

• Courts

– Judges tried to make fair decisions

• Citizenship

Fall of Republic the Causes  Rome Expands their Territory  Civil Unrest  Years of Civil War  Dictators fight for Power

Expansion Rome fought with and conquered the lands of their neighbors, gaining power, & strengthening their military.

Civil Unrest

While Rome fought for more territory •slaves revolted •people didn’t like being taxed •people didn’t have jobs •army generals fought for power

Civil War & Dictators

Pompey

Julius Caesar

•Both men wanted to control Rome •The Senate supported Pompey •Civil War lasted for 3 years

Julius Caesar “Dictator for Life”  Defeats Pompey  The Senate is threatened by Caesar’s army  Declares himself Dictator for life.  Destroys Republican Form of Government

“Et Tu Brute?”

 44 BCE, Senators kill Julius Caesar hoping to save the Republic but…

Octavian Augustus: Rome’s First Emperor  After Caesar’s murder, civil war lasted for another 10 years.  Octavian Augustus gained power and restored the government.