59229296-rizal-in-barcelona.pptx

He left Calamba via a carromata

He stayed in Manila for 2 days

Arrived at Singapore after about a week

Boarded cruiser Salvadora in Pasig River

Boarded steamer Djemnah

Stop-over at Singapore Point Lighthouse de Galle

Reached Colomo, Ceylon

Suffered from heat in Aden

Went sightseeing in Port Said

Passed through Suez Canal

Sketch along Suez Canal

Stopped at Naples, Italy

Visited Chateau d’If in Marseilles Sketch of Castle of St. Elmo, Naples

Rode a train to Barcelona

Stop-over at Port-Buo

Barcelona, Spain (Summer 1882)



On the 16th of June, 1882, beginning of summer, Rizal reached his destination--Barcelona



They had a welcome party held at Plaza de Cataluña. He boarded on Fonda de España, San Pablo

first impression of Barcelona was unfavorable  the only city that attracted his attention was Gerona 



On June 23, 1882, Rizal wrote to his parents, Rizal related to his parents his experiences during his trip from Port Said to Barcelona. In the same Letter, he requested them to send him a birth certificate and statement showing that he had parents in the Philippines.

 He

wrote another letter on the 29th of June, he expressed the disappointment he is feeling for not having received even one letter from anyone from the Philippines.

wrote a nationalistic essay entitled El Amor Patrio (Love of Country), his first article written in Spain  sent this article in Manila, to a friend named Basilio Teodoro, who was a member of the editorial staff of the Diariong Tagalog 

 this

poem he stressed that of Patria or Country not as Spain but as the Philippines. He wrote of Spain as a strange, alien land.

 “Love

of country is never effaced once it has entered the heart”

 created

a sensation among the Filipinos and Spaniards because of its Filipinistic flavor

 friends

and relatives praised its courage and its beautiful language, enemies, that is to say, the enemies of enlightened freedom in the Philippines saw in it another sign of disloyalty and rebellion sprouting

 From

the 28 August 1882 letter of Jose M. Cecilio to Jose Rizal, and on September 12 1882, from Basilio Teodoro still about the article he wrote.

 On

September 12 1882, he received a letter from Basilio Teodoro, the sad news about the cholera that swept Manila and the provinces reached him.

 Rizal’s

allowance of fifty pesos a month was reduced to thirty five because of the poor harvest, the low cost of sugar, and other reasons. The money was sent to him through Uncle Antonio, Leonor’s father.



Leonor was sad—very sad and had become thinner than before. No one could take his place in her heart, not even the Civil Guard corporal who had been attracted to her charms.

The Portrait of Rizal in 1883 Painted in Oil by Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo.



On November 3, 1882, Rizal enrolled in Universidad Central de Madrid (Central University of Madrid) in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters.



He also took lessons in French, German, and English under a private instructor and practiced fencing and shooting in the Hall of Arms of Sanz y Carbonell.

Rizal led a Spartan life in Madrid. He strictly budgeted his money and time.  He spends only for his necessities and for books; and he never wastes his money except on lottery tickets where he spends three pesetas on it. 

2nd February 1884› 1 peseta & 3 ctvos. – buttons and shoe polish

› 9 pesetas & 67 ctvos. – salary of maid › 8 pesetas & 25 ctvos. – subscriptions to different papers

› 3 pesetas & 50 ctvos. – “The Four Kingdoms of Nature” › 40 centavos – chestnuts

Peseta - the basic monetary unit of Spain until 2002



In Madrid, Rizal’s pastime is reading. He stayed at home to read books instead of gambling and flirting with women.

List of books in his collection  The Bible  Hebrew Grammar  Lives of the Presidents of the United States from Washington to Johnson

List of books in his collection (cont.)  Complete Works of Voltaire, Horace, and C. Bernard  History of the French Revolution  The Wandering Jew  Ancient Poetry  Works of Thucydides  The Byzantine Empire  The Characters of La Bruyere  The Renaissance  Uncle Tom’s Cabin  Works of Alexander Dumas  Louis XIV and His Court  numerous books about medicine, philosophy, languages, history, geography, arts, and sciences



In the course of three years, he proved himself one of the University’s most outstanding students, on various occasions achieving the coveted grade of “Sobresaliente” or Excellent in General Literature, Greek, History, Greek and Latin Literature, Hebrew, Advanced Greek, and Spanish Literature, while at the same time passing competently each of his medical examinations.

Rizal’s scholastic records in medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid Fifth Year (1882-83): Continuation of Medical Course in the University of Santo Tomas Medical Clinic 1 ------------------------- Good Surgical Clinic 1 ------------------------ Good Obstetrical Clinic ----------------------- Fair Legal Medicine ------------------------- Excellent

Rizal’s scholastic records in medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid Sixth Year (1883-84) Medical Clinic 2 ----------------- Good Surgical Clinic 2 ------------------ Very Good Licentiate in Medicine awarded on June 21, 1884 with the rating “Fair”

Rizal’s scholastic records in medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid Doctorate (1884-85) History of Medical Science ---------- Fair Surgical Analysis ------------------------- Good Normal Histology ------------------------ Excellent Doctor of Medicine (Not awarded)



He also completed the degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters with the rating of “Sobresaliente” on June 19, 1885, which is his 24th birthday.

1882-83 Universal History 1 ------------------- Very Good General Literature ------------------ Excellent

1883-84 Universal History 2 ---------------- Excellent Greek and Latin Literature ---- Excellent (with prize) Greek 1--------------------- Excellent (with prize) 1884-85 Spanish Language - Excellent (with a scholarship) Arabic Language - Excellent (with a scholarship)

Despite of Rizal’s hectic schedule, he found time to associate with Pedro Paterno, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Gregorio Sanciano, Juan Luna, Felix Hidalgo, Marcelo del Pilar and others.  Rizal, Jaena and Del Pilar were closely associated and the trio were called the Triumvirate of the Propaganda Movement. 



Rizal joined the Circulo Hispano-Filipino, a society for Spaniards and Filipinos formed by his fellow expatriates.



With the request of the members of the society, Rizal wrote a poem entitled Me Piden Versos (They Asked Me For Verses) and delivered it on October 7, 1882 in a gathering held at the house of Pablo Ortega y Rey. The poem was written while he was homesick because he wants to go home to Calamba but he has to finish his medical course for his mother’s eyesight.

Me Piden Versos Piden que pulse la lira Ha tiempo callada y rota: Si ya no arranco una nota Ni mi musa ya me inspira! Balbuce fria y delira Si la tortura mi mente; Cuando rie solo miente; Como miente su lamento: Y es que en mi triste aislamiento Mi alma ni goza ni siente.

You Ask me for Verses You bid me now to strike the lyre, That mute and torn so long has lain: And yet I cannot wake the strain, Nor will the Muse one note inspire! Coldly it shakes in accents dire, As if my soul itself to wring, And when its sound seems but to fling A jest at its own low lament; So in sad isolation pent, My soul can neither feel nor sing.





Miguel Morayta – a progressive liberal , Grand Master os Spanish Masonry. Pope Leo XIII – wrote the Encyclical Humanum Genus, against Masonry.





1. The abuses committed by the friars against the Filipinos 2. The possible assistance the masons can extend him in his struggle against Spanish tyranny and oppression

  

Lodge Acacia (1883) Dimasalang Master Mason – Lodge Solidaridad of Gran Oriente Espanol  - Le Grand Orient de France

   

Don Pablo Ortega y Rey Consuelo Pablo Ortega y Rey Eduardo de Lete A La Senorita C.O. y Rey

     

Direct attack and challenge to the Spanish Regime Genius knows no race The two painters and paintings Reforms Youth Parents

 The

delivery of Brindis reached the Philippines because of its full coverage by the Madrid Press

 reactions from different Filipinos › Paciano: having his first experience of his brother’s dynamism, reported that the speech was being widely discussed

› Jose had gone far enough and

should go no further

› The speech made him many enemies › All being united in the opinion that

Jose should on no account attempt to return to the Philippines

 the

most significant would be from Rizal’s mother, Doña Teodora. Teodora Alonso › said that her son would end up beheaded if he went on with his studies, had undoubtedly recognized in the

brindis speech the dangerous step he had taken toward the fulfillment of such a realization, should he return › deeply shocked by her son’s scientific approach to religion, which she mistook for atheism

 In

her typical letter she begged him not to involve himself in matters that gave offense, not to fail in his Christian duties, and warned him that there are times when science can lead to perdition (punishment in hell)



He will still have enemies, even if he puts an end to writing articles considered anti-Spanish and anti-friars;



Life can’t be without any sorrow;



Misfortunes are welcomed when they can avert debasement and degradation;



Conscience has to decide whether to submit or perish in the society where a person is born.



People have to put their trust in God in the sincerity of their purpose;



The best legacy parents can give their children are upright judgment; generosity in the exercise of rights; and perseverance in adversity;



A son can pay honor to his parents thru honesty and good name;



Religion is the holiest of things but a person can only believe by reasoning; and



Conscience can accept only what is compatible with reason.